CN106640523B - A kind of accumulator cell charging and discharging control strategy of vertical axis wind power generation system - Google Patents

A kind of accumulator cell charging and discharging control strategy of vertical axis wind power generation system Download PDF

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CN106640523B
CN106640523B CN201610915816.6A CN201610915816A CN106640523B CN 106640523 B CN106640523 B CN 106640523B CN 201610915816 A CN201610915816 A CN 201610915816A CN 106640523 B CN106640523 B CN 106640523B
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accumulator
power
energy
wind energy
wind
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CN106640523A (en
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荣飞
李文君
田新华
黄守道
尹章涛
王亚洲
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Hunan University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/06—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05B2270/337—Electrical grid status parameters, e.g. voltage, frequency or power demand
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of accumulator cell charging and discharging control strategies of vertical axis wind power generation system.In vertical axis wind power generation system, when predicting net side power swing more than national regulations, by the charge and discharge control to accumulator to weaken the fluctuation of net side power.If pusher side power is excessively high, accumulator charging makes the reduction of net side power；If pusher side power is too low, battery discharging makes net side power increase, and keeps the charge-discharge energy of accumulator in a basic balance in one cycle, to effectively weaken the energy fluctuation that wind speed shakiness is brought.The present invention can both extend the service life of accumulator, improve power supply efficiency, while also ensuring that net side power swing meets the requirement specification of national grid, improve stability and the safety of power grid power supply.

Description

A kind of accumulator cell charging and discharging control strategy of vertical axis wind power generation system
Technical field
The invention belongs to defeated Generation Control fields, more particularly to the net side power swing in vertical axis wind power generation system Control strategy.
Background technology
Influence with the energy and environment to human survival and development is increasingly notable, and the utilization of regenerative resource are Paid much attention to by countries in the world.Wind energy pushes wind-power electricity generation skill as clean energy resource with fastest developing speed in regenerative resource Art achieves prodigious development.
In wind generator system, the unstability and intermittence of wind energy are an important factor for hindering wind-power electricity generation.Work as wind speed Variation it is very big when, the output power of wind generator system just will produce prodigious fluctuation, if not taking any measure, net The fluctuating range of side power may exceed the range of national regulation, to influence the safety of power supply quality and power supply system. For this problem, traditional solution is that energy-storage system, when pusher side generated output is excessively high, energy storage is added in DC side System stores energy, and when pusher side generated output is too low, energy-storage system releases energy, and ensures the output of net side inverter VSC2 Power fluctuates in the range of national regulation, and the reliability of enhancing power grid power supply is increased economic efficiency.
Common energy storage device is generally single or a few persons combine by energy storage devices such as accumulator, super capacitor, flywheels It forms.Wherein, the stored energy capacitance of super capacitor is smaller, and the energy density of flywheel energy storage is relatively low, ensures the expense of security of system With very high, and accumulator has bigger capacity, and technology is more mature；Accumulator not only can be in low wind speed or calm When a certain amount of power demand is provided, also play buffer to a certain extent.In conclusion using accumulator conduct The energy storage device of wind generator system is the most suitable.When using accumulator as energy storage device, the configuration of accumulator capacity It is the problem primarily solved.If the capacity selected crosses conference and cost of investment is caused to sharply increase, and too small capacity can not be more The energy fluctuation that brings of wind speed shakiness is mended, it is possible that the case where accumulator excessive charge and discharge, to damage accumulator, is made Its service life greatly reduces.For this problem, traditional control method is the multiple-connected battery on DC bus capacitor, herein On the basis of be improved, it is proposed that the accumulator cell charging and discharging strategy based on power-balance.
Invention content
Present invention aims at a kind of accumulator control method based on power-balance is provided, this control method is not only true It has protected net side power swing and has met the requirement specification of national grid, while having extended the life of storage battery, improved power grid power supply Stability and safety.
To achieve the above object, the control program of the invention taken is：
Step 1, the maximum value P for calculating net side inverter VSC1 output powersmax, minimum value Pmin, specific as follows：
(1) assume that the power of current time pusher side rectifier VSC1 output is P1(0)。
(2) wind energy is predicted, obtains the exportable power Ps 1 (t) of pusher side rectifier VSC1 in following 60 seconds, Middle t values are 1,2,3 ..., 60, it indicates t seconds since current time, finds out its average value Pav：
Wherein, t values are 1,2,3 ..., 60, indicate t seconds since current time.
(3) in next 60 seconds, the output power range of net side inverter VSC2 is Calculation is as follows：
(4) assume in past 60 seconds, the minimum value of net side inverter VSC2 output powers isMaximum value isTo ensure in past 60 seconds, the fluctuation range of wind generator system output power is also no more than 10% × S1 *, Then the permission output power of current time net side inverter VSC2 is It calculates as follows：
(5) it is obtained by above-mentioned, the final permission output power of current time net side inverter VSC2 is [Pmin,Pmax], such as Shown in lower：
Step 2, according to the charge-discharge electric power for described in step 1, controlling accumulator：
State 1, accumulator first discharge to charge afterwards, it is assumed that 0 arrives t1Moment wind energy is less thant1To t2Moment, wind energy existIt arrivesBetween, t2To t3Moment, wind energy are higher thant3To 60 second moment, wind energy existedIt arrivesBetween；This feelings Under condition, battery discharge energy WA, rechargeable energy WBRespectively：
State 2, accumulator first charge to discharge afterwards, it is assumed that 0 arrives t1Moment wind energy is low to be higher than P1 max；t1To t2Moment, wind energy exist P1 minBetween arriving, t2To t3Moment, wind energy are less than P1 min, t3To 60 second moment, wind energy was in P1 minTo P1 maxBetween；Such case Under, accumulator rechargeable energy W 'A, discharge energy be respectively W 'B, calculate as follows：
Step 3, the specific control process of accumulator include following：
(1) accumulator first discharges charges afterwards
Work as WA≥WBWhen, battery discharging value and power reference is：
P3_forecast=Pmin-P1(0)
Work as WA＜ WBWhen, the discharge power reference value of accumulator is：
(2) accumulator first discharges charges afterwards
Work as W'A≥W'BWhen, accumulator charge power reference value is：
P3_forecast=P1(0)-Pmax
Work as W'A＜ W'BWhen, the charge power reference value of accumulator is：
(3) in conclusion in next controlling cycle, charging (or electric discharge) power for controlling accumulator is P3_forecast。
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：1) service life of accumulator is increased；2) in the case where accumulator capacity is certain, Reduce the stability bandwidth of gird-connected inverter output power；3) ensure stability and the safety of entire power grid.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the vertical shaft wind-driven generation system structure figure with energy storage
Fig. 2 is wind power system energy flow graph
Fig. 3 first discharges for accumulator to charge afterwards
Fig. 4 is that accumulator first discharges and charges afterwards and WA=WB
Fig. 5 is that accumulator first discharges and charges afterwards and WA>WB
Fig. 6 is that accumulator first discharges and charges afterwards and WA＜ WB(figure a is WA+(Pmax-Pmin)·ΔT≤WBWhen charge and discharge give instructions by telegraph It is intended to, figure b is WA+(Pmax-Pmin)·ΔT>WBWhen charge and discharge electrical schematic)
Fig. 7 first charges for accumulator to discharge afterwards
Fig. 8 is that accumulator first charges and discharges afterwards and WA'=WB′
Fig. 9 is that accumulator first charges and discharges afterwards and WA′>WB′
Figure 10 is that accumulator first charges and discharges afterwards and WA' ＜ WB' (figure a is WA′+(Pmax-Pmin)·ΔT≤WB' when fill Discharge schematic diagram, and figure b is WA′+(Pmax-Pmin)·ΔT>WB' when charge and discharge electrical schematic)
Specific implementation mode
As shown in Figure 1, vertical shaft wind-driven generation system structure includes wind energy conversion system, permanent magnet synchronous motor, pusher side rectifier VSC1, DC bus capacitor, DC/DC converters, energy storage device, net side inverter VSC2；Wherein, two-way DC/DC converters will store Cell parallel is on DC bus, by carrying out charge and discharge control to accumulator, to realize distribution and the pipe of energy and power Reason.
By the net side output-power fluctuation specification of national regulation it is found that in 1 minute wind generator system output power wave Dynamic range is the 10% of installed capacity；Energy flow in the system is as shown in Fig. 2, according to conservation of energy principle：
P2(t)=P1(t)+P3(t)
Wherein, P1(t)、P2(t)、P3(t) be respectively t moment wind generator system pusher side rectifier VSC1 output work The discharge power of rate, the output power of net side inverter VSC2, accumulator.
To ensure that pusher side rectifier VSC1 in the system, net side inverter VSC2, accumulator can be safe and reliable, It needs to meet：
Wherein, S1 *、S2 *、S3 *The specified work(of pusher side rectifier VSC1, net side inverter VSC2 and accumulator are indicated respectively Rate, W3 *It is the specified energy storage energy of accumulator, W3(t) the remaining energy of t moment accumulator is indicated, Δ T is controlling cycle.
Assuming that current time, the power of pusher side rectifier VSC1 outputs is P1(0)；Wind energy is predicted, is connect down Carry out the exportable power Ps of pusher side rectifier VSC1 in 60 seconds1(t), wherein t values be 1,2,3 ..., 60, indicate from it is current when T seconds started are carved, its average value P is found outav：
To ensure that the fluctuation range of net side inverter VSC2 output powers is no more than 10% × S1 *, in following 60 seconds, The range of the output power of net side inverter VSC2 is Calculating it is as follows：
In order to ensure in past 60 seconds, the fluctuation range of wind generator system output power is also no more than 10% ×S1 *Then the permission output power of current time net side inverter VSC2 isAssuming that in past 60 seconds, The minimum value of VSC2 output powers isMaximum value isThenIt can be calculate by the following formula to obtain：
It is [P by the above-mentioned final permission output power for obtaining current time net side inverter VSC2min,Pmax], it calculates such as Under：
Analyze charge status of the accumulator in next 60 seconds
(1) accumulator first discharges charges afterwards, as shown in Figure 3：
Work as WA=WBWhen, accumulator cell charging and discharging schematic diagram is as shown in figure 4, battery discharging value and power reference is：
P3_forecast=Pmin-P1(0)
Work as WA＜ WBWhen, accumulator cell charging and discharging schematic diagram is as shown in figure 5, the discharge power of accumulator is reference value is：
P3_forecast=Pmin-P1(0)
Work as WA>WBWhen, accumulator cell charging and discharging schematic diagram is as shown in fig. 6, to mitigate accumulator super-charge problem, accumulator is put Electrical power reference value is：
Wherein, work as WA+(Pmax-Pmin)·ΔT≤WBWhen, charge and discharge electrical schematic is as shown in figure a；Work as WA+(Pmax-Pmin)· ΔT>WBWhen, charge and discharge electrical schematic is as shown in figure b.
(2) when accumulator, which first charges, to discharge afterwards, as shown in Figure 7：
Work as WA'=WB' when, accumulator cell charging and discharging schematic diagram is as shown in figure 8, accumulator charge power reference value is：
P3_forecast=P1(0)-Pmax
Work as WA′>WB' when, accumulator cell charging and discharging schematic diagram is as shown in figure 9, the charge power reference value of accumulator is：
P3_forecast=P1(0)-Pmax
Work as WA' ＜ WB' when, accumulator cell charging and discharging schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 10, and the charge power reference value of accumulator is：
Wherein, work as WA′+(Pmax-Pmin)·ΔT≤WB' when, charge and discharge electrical schematic is as shown in figure a；Work as WA′+(Pmax- Pmin)·ΔT>WB' when, charge and discharge electrical schematic is as shown in figure b.
(3) in next controlling cycle, charging (or electric discharge) power for controlling accumulator is P3_forecast。
In conclusion in vertical axis wind power generation system, by the charge and discharge control of above-mentioned accumulator, net is weakened The fluctuation of side output power realizes the reliability and security of system power supply.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of accumulator cell charging and discharging control strategy of vertical axis wind power generation system, the vertical axis wind power generation system packet Include wind energy conversion system, permanent magnet synchronous motor, pusher side rectifier VSC1, DC bus capacitor, DC/DC converters, accumulator, net side inverter VSC2；
It is characterized in that, the step of accumulator cell charging and discharging control strategy, is as follows：
(1) pass through the rated power S of nameplate data reader side rectifier VSC11 *, net side inverter VSC2 rated power S2 *、 The rated power S of accumulator3 *, the specified energy storage energy W of accumulator3 *；Detect the work(of current time pusher side rectifier VSC1 output Rate P1(0)；
(2) wind energy is predicted, obtains the power P that pusher side rectifier VSC1 is exported in following 60 seconds1(t), wherein t values That is 1,2,3 ..., 60, it indicates t seconds since current time, finds out its average value Pav：
(3) since the fluctuation range of national regulation wind generator system output power is no more than 10% × S1 *, at following 60 seconds Interior, the output power range of net side inverter VSC2 is Calculation formula it is as follows：
(4) in order to ensure in past 60 seconds, the fluctuation range of wind generator system output power is also no more than 10% × S1 *, then the permission output power range of current time net side inverter VSC2 beIt detects and preserves in 60 seconds Net side inverter VSC2 output powers obtain minimum valueMaximum valueThenIt can be calculate by the following formula to obtain：
(5) the final output power bracket of current time net side inverter VSC2 is [Pmin,Pmax]：
(6) state 1：According to wind energy prediction result, if 0 arrives t1Moment wind energy is less thant1To t2Moment, wind energy existIt arrivesBetween, t2To t3Moment, wind energy are higher thant3To 60 second moment, wind energy existedIt arrivesBetween；t1、t2、t3Value can It is obtained according to wind energy prediction data；
Then under the state, battery discharge energy WA, rechargeable energy WBRespectively：
Work as WA≥WBWhen, battery discharging value and power reference is：
P3_forecast=Pmin-P1(0)；
Work as WA<WBWhen, in order to mitigate the problem of overcharging, battery discharging value and power reference is：
(7) state 2：According to wind energy prediction result, if 0 arrives t1Moment wind energy is low to be higher thant1To t2Moment, wind energy exist It arrivesBetween, t2To t3Moment, wind energy are less thant3To 60 second moment, wind energy existedIt arrivesBetween；t1、t2、t3Value It can be obtained according to wind energy prediction data；
Then under the state, accumulator rechargeable energy W 'A, discharge energy W 'BRespectively：
As W 'A≥W′BWhen, accumulator charge power reference value is：
P3_forecast=P1(0)-Pmax；
As W 'A<W′BWhen, accumulator charge power reference value is：
(8) in next controlling cycle, charging (or electric discharge) power for controlling accumulator is P3_forecast。
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