CN106640119A - Light-shading automatic regulatory system for highway tunnel exit and entrance - Google Patents
Light-shading automatic regulatory system for highway tunnel exit and entrance Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106640119A CN106640119A CN201710148435.4A CN201710148435A CN106640119A CN 106640119 A CN106640119 A CN 106640119A CN 201710148435 A CN201710148435 A CN 201710148435A CN 106640119 A CN106640119 A CN 106640119A
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- Prior art keywords
- shading
- signal
- light
- illumination
- tunnel
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/14—Layout of tunnels or galleries; Constructional features of tunnels or galleries, not otherwise provided for, e.g. portals, day-light attenuation at tunnel openings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
- E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
- E06B9/26—Lamellar or like blinds, e.g. venetian blinds
- E06B9/28—Lamellar or like blinds, e.g. venetian blinds with horizontal lamellae, e.g. non-liftable
Abstract
The invention discloses a light-shading automatic regulatory system for a highway tunnel exit and entrance, and belongs to the field of transportation. The light-shading automatic regulatory system comprises a light-shading shed and a control system, wherein the light-shading shed is arranged outside the tunnel exit and entrance, the control system is used for adjusting the light-shading degree of the light-shading shed, and the control system comprises an external signal acquisition unit, an AD conversion module, a control unit and a motor transmission system. By using the control system to conduct automatic light-shading control on the tunnel exit and entrance, and through the arrangement of the control unit, smooth transition of the ambient light when a driver drives in or out of the tunnel can be achieved under different external illumination intensities and different traffic flow speeds, thus the automatic adjustment of the light-shading degree of the light-shading shed in the tunnel exit and entrance can be achieved, and thus the occurrence rate of traffic accidents in the tunnel exit and entrance can be sharply reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to traffic and transport field, and in particular to a kind of road tunnel passageway shading automatic regulating system.
Background technology
In some mountain regions and knob, vcehicular tunnel is because wide the advantages of it can reduce mileage, saving fuel oil
General application.Due to the closure of highway tunnel structure, make luminance difference inside and outside tunnel very big.When driver drives vehicle discrepancy highway
During tunnel, it is impossible to rapidly adapt to the illumination environment of this mutation, cause in tunnel gateway road section traffic volume Frequent Accidents.Current pin
It is many to the method for tunnel gateway section shading facility, but majority is all fixed light shading device, it is impossible to according to different outsides
The speed of wagon flow, is voluntarily adjusted to obscurity at illumination environment and gateway.Based on this background, according to inside and outside tunnel not
Illumination environment together and flow speeds, in tunnel gateway, section provides a kind of illumination progressively gradual change for adapting to Driver Vision characteristic
Auto light-shading system seems particularly necessary.
The content of the invention
In order to make up the deficiency of prior art, the present invention provides a kind of road tunnel passageway shading automatic regulating system.
The technical solution used in the present invention is：
A kind of road tunnel passageway shading automatic regulating system, it is characterised in that：Include and be arranged on outside tunnel gateway
Shading tent and the control system for adjusting shading tent obscurity, the control system include external signal collecting unit,
AD conversion module, control unit, motor transmission agent, are slidably fitted with shadow shield, electric-motor drive system on the shading tent
System is connected with shadow shield control；The external signal collecting unit includes rate signal collecting unit, illumination intensity signal collection list
Unit, the GES that rate signal collecting unit includes wagon detector and is connected with the signal output part of wagon detector
Collecting unit, wagon detector be arranged on tunnel gateway upstream, illumination intensity signal collecting unit include external illuminance detector,
At internal luminance detection device and the illumination intensity signal that is connected with the signal output part of external illuminance detector, internal luminance detection device
Reason unit, external illuminance detector, internal luminance detection device are separately mounted in the upstream and shading tent of shading tent, GES
Collecting unit, the signal output part of illumination intensity signal processing unit access the signal input part of AD conversion module；Described control unit
PLC and feedback unit are included, feedback unit includes Hall element and is connected with the signal output part of Hall element
Signal every it is straight, amplify, shaping circuit, Hall element is arranged on shadow shield, AD conversion module and signal every it is straight, amplify,
The signal output part of shaping circuit is respectively connected to PLC, the signal output part connection motor transmission agent of PLC；According in tunnel
External environment illumination difference and by traffic flow speed during tunnel gateway, with reference to driver's light visual characteristic, really
Determine the obscurity of shading tent, be controlled to adjusting the related switch amount of shadow shield position, analog quantity using PLC, realize highway
Tunnel gateway light is automatically adjusted.
A kind of described road tunnel passageway shading automatic regulating system, it is characterised in that：The shadow shield is included
Spaced multiple top plates, multiple lower plywoods, top plate, lower plywood quantity it is consistent, the both sides of shading tent are additionally provided with groove
Road, the lower plywood is fixedly installed on shading tent, and top plate is installed in the channel by roller-coaster, the two ends difference of conduit
It is provided with limited block.
A kind of described road tunnel passageway shading automatic regulating system, it is characterised in that：The electric-motor drive system
System includes multiple motor, and each motor is connected on a top plate respectively by transmission gear for electric motor, each motor point
Do not control its corresponding top plate to slide on conduit.
A kind of described road tunnel passageway shading automatic regulating system, it is characterised in that：The interior lights are according to detection
The quantity of device is consistent with the quantity of top plate, and each internal illumination detector is separately mounted to the one end of each lower plywood positioned at upstream,
Vehicle is travelled to shading tent, positioned at upstream inside illumination detector relative to next one inside illumination detector as outside
Illumination detector detects outside luminance signal, outside luminance signal and the next one that the inside illumination detector of upstream is detected
The inside luminance signal that internal illumination detector is detected accesses illumination intensity signal processing unit and is processed simultaneously.
A kind of described road tunnel passageway shading automatic regulating system, it is characterised in that：The Hall element
Quantity is consistent with the quantity of top plate, and a Hall element is installed on each top plate, and it is electronic that Hall element is collected
The signal of motor speed and shading Board position feeds back to PLC.
Motor quantity determines that light shielding length determines according to actual tunnel internal and external environment according to actual light shielding length.
It is an advantage of the invention that：
The present invention is automatically controlled using automatic control unit to the shading of tunnel gateway, strong by gathering illumination inside and outside tunnel
Degree and traffic flow speed, according to driver is bright, noctovision characteristic curve, control unit adjusts the intensity of illumination of changeover portion, so as to
Maximum possible provides optimum visual environment for driver, reduces the generation of traffic accident.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure principle chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is shading tent schematic appearance.
Fig. 3 is shadow shield side view.
Fig. 4 is shading tent schematic diagram with an automatic light meter.
Fig. 5 is illumination intensity signal detector location figure.
Fig. 6 is system execution flow chart.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the example that accompanying drawing is given.
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of road tunnel passageway shading automatic regulating system is included and is arranged on outside tunnel gateway
Shading tent and the control system for adjusting shading tent obscurity, control system includes external signal collecting unit 1, AD conversion
Module, control unit 3, motor transmission agent 4.
External signal collecting unit 1 includes rate signal collecting unit 5, illumination intensity signal collecting unit 6；The rate signal
Collecting unit includes wagon detector 8, rate signal processing unit 9；The illumination intensity signal collecting unit is examined including external illuminance
Survey device 10, internal luminance detection device 11, illumination intensity signal processing unit 12.
AD conversion module adopts a/d converter 2.
Control unit 3 includes the PLC13 being connected with the output end of a/d converter 2, and signal is every straight, amplification, shaping circuit 14, suddenly
That sensor 15, wherein Hall element 15 constitute feedback unit 7 with signal every straight, amplification, shaping circuit 14, hall sensing
The electromotor velocity and the signal of shading Board position that device 15 is collected feeds back to PLC13.
Whole shading tent appearance style is illustrated in figure 2, shading tent includes shadow shield, conduit 20, and shadow shield is included
Spaced multiple top plates 18, multiple lower plywoods 19, top plate 18, lower plywood 19 quantity it is consistent, lower plywood 19 is fixed
It is arranged on shading tent, top plate 18 is slidably mounted in conduit 20 by roller 21, and being respectively arranged at two ends with for conduit 20 is spacing
Block 22.
If Fig. 3 is shadow shield pattern, it can be seen that shading tent includes limited block 22（Limit top plate shift position）, upper strata
Plate 18（Slidably）, lower plywood 19（Maintain static）, conduit 20 and roller 21.The control top plate 18 of motor 16 is moved, on
Laminate 18 can be moved back and forth by conduit 20.
Motor transmission agent 4 includes multiple motors 16, electric-motor drive device 17；Motor 16 respectively with PLC13,
Electric-motor drive device 17 connects, and each motor 16 is connected on a top plate 18, respectively respectively by transmission gear for electric motor 17
Motor 16 controls respectively its corresponding top plate 18 and slides on conduit 20..
The quantity of internal illumination detector 11 is consistent with the quantity of top plate 18, and each internal illumination detector 18 is respectively mounted
One end of upstream is located in each lower plywood 19, vehicle is travelled to shading tent, and the inside illumination detector 11 positioned at upstream is relative
Outside luminance signal is detected as outside illumination detector in next one inside illumination detector, the interior lights of upstream are according to detection
The inside luminance signal that the outside luminance signal and next internal illumination detector that device is detected is detected is while access illumination
Signal processing unit 12 is processed.
The quantity of Hall element 15 is consistent with the quantity of top plate 18, and a hall sensing is installed on each top plate 18
Device 15, the electromotor velocity and the signal of shading Board position that Hall element 15 is collected feeds back to PLC.
As shown in figure 4, figure（a）Represent the situation of the shading of shading tent half, figure（b）Represent the situation of the shading of shading tent 3/4, figure
（c）The full shading of shading tent is represented, to reach the purpose of regulating illumination intensity.The present invention to total length for S shading tent with every Si
It is controlled for a long measure segmentation, is positioned by limited block, prevents shadow shield from exceeding mobile range.
Because whole shading tent total length is constant, setting is whole in the case of illumination difference maximum and average speed maximum
Maximum length Smax of shading tent.Smax determines according to the external environment condition in concrete each tunnel.Transition is calculated according to detection data
Section S length, works as S<During Smax, according to the total length of S brightness adjustment control is carried out；Work as S>Total length during Smax according to Smax is adjusted
Photocontrol.Illumination is less than the dazzle threshold range of regulation as standard with inside and outside every section of shading tent so that tunnel gateway Duan Zhao
Degree difference is gradually reduced.Luminance detection device is separately positioned on tunnel gateway inside and outside, as shown in Figure 5.Speed detector sets respectively
Put at 400 meters of tunnel gateway upstream.To ensure the illumination of the time adjustment shading tent for having abundance, so that driver is flat
Safety tunnel gateway under sliding illumination environment.Because the change of terrain vehicle stream mode is that at times, system was per 3 minutes
Once, shadow shield is once adjusted for detection.
Road tunnel passageway shading automatic regulating system of the present invention realizes that principle includes：
Firstly the need of the total length for determining that generally shading tent needs.In order to adapt to most of the circumstances condition, root
According to Historical Monitoring data, it is criterion to take the inside and outside portion's illumination difference maximum in tunnel and Maximum speed limit Vmax, calculates shading tent total length
Smax。
Smax=Vmax∙T
Wherein, T is the lower driver's glare recovery time of maximal illumination difference.
（1）Driver's light and dark adaptation visual characteristic：
Lout=1KEout（1）
Lin=1KEin（2）
In formula：Lout be tunnel the luminance of outer caves, cd/m2；Lin is brightness in Tunnel, cd/m2；Eout is the outer illumination of Tunnel,
lx；Ein is illumination in Tunnel, lx；K is road surface mean flow rate and average illumination coefficient of conversion, lx/ (cdm2), pitch coagulation
Soil surface takes 15-22 lx/ (cdm2)；Cement concrete pavement takes 10～13lx/ (cdm2).
Existed by Li Yingtao etc.《Road tunnel passageway dim light grid section reasonable length is studied》As a result tunnel entry and exit are understood
Glare recovery time is respectively：
Tin=0.0204∙（Eout-Ein）0.6031（3）
Tout=0.0201∙（Eout-Ein）0.6012（4）
Dazzle threshold value TI：
TI=65∙LoutLin∙100%（5）
CIE（International Commission on Illumination）Recommendation is：Non- conventional section is 10%, and busy section is 15%.According to dazzle threshold value TI,
Determine illumination range, prevent dazzle.By formula（5）Understand：
Lout=165∙TI∙Lin0.8（6）
The internal brightness Lin, i of the outside illumination Lout of previous segment length Si, i as next segment length Si+1（i =1、2、
3……n）.
The outside illumination in the range of dazzle threshold value TI is obtained, by formula（1）Can be converted into external illuminance Eout, i（i =
1、2、3……n）；The shading in this specific illumination range is determined according to glare recovery time and the flow speeds for passing through
Length Si of canopy（i =1、2、3……n）.
（2）Determine shading tent length according to flow speeds：
In tunnel gateway, due to being affected by factors such as speed management and control, the speed of operation of vehicle can occur certain change.
The maximum travel speed that generally motor vehicle passes through tunnel is determined according to the actual conditions of route by management unit, pin
There are different standard of the limited speed to different road conditions.For example for highway, some are consistent with section speed limit, some speed limits
It is even lower for 80km/h；For urban road, below 60km/h is typically limited to, the tunnel of row or two-way may be mixed to people's car
Tunnel, speed limit is in below 40km/h.The shading facility length of the tunnel gateway required for different management speeds should have difference
Standard.
Zhang Shengrui etc. is mentioned in the freeway tunnel traffic safety strategy based on speeds control, in the tunnel without speed limit
In road driving conditions, in tunnel portal section, large car velocity variations are little, and small-sized vehicle speed can undergo mutation.Tunnel portal
Section, compact car speed difference is more than 20km/h, belongs to and easily send out accident section, dangerous larger.Therefore arrange at tunnel gateway automatic
Shade, can reduce vehicle when tunnel is come in and gone out, and speed is widely varied, so as to reducing the incidence of traffic accident,
Increase the traffic safety at tunnel gateway.
Such as Fig. 2（a）It is shown, due to the restriction of shading tent physical property so that vehicle is directly entered half shading of shading tent
State.So this critical section（Entrance is shading tent first paragraph, and outlet section is shading tent final stage）Driver Vision return
Multiple Time Calculation is as follows：
Entrance：Tin,1=0.0204∙（Eout, 1-Ein, 1）0.6031（7）
Outlet section：Tout, n=0.0201（Eout, n-Ein, n）0.6012（8）
Wherein,i =1、2、3……n 。
1）In the tunnel for having speed limit to require, vehicle speed before into tunnel all can be dropped within restriction speed, to limit
Speed V is standard, arranges every section of tunnel gateway shade length and is：
Sin, i=Tin V（9）
Sout, i=Tout V（10）
Wherein,i =1、2、3……n, V is the speed of gateway upstream vehicle.
Critical section shading tent length is：
Sin, 1=Tin, 1 V（11）
Sout, 1=Tout, 1 V（12）
It is so as to obtain shading tent total length at tunnel gateway：
Sin=∑ Sin, i（13）
Sout=∑ Sout, i（14）
2）In the tunnel for requiring without speed limit, during vehicle close tunnel gateway speed be it is uncertain, without can foundation speed
Scale is accurate.
Speed Vt of wagon flow is obtained according to real-time velocity test, the length of shading tent is judged.The screening of per section of tunnel gateway
Electro-optical device length is：
Sin, i=Vt Tin（15）
Sout, i=Vt Tout（16）
Wherein,i =1、2、3……N,Vt is the detection speed of gateway upstream vehicle.
Critical section shading tent length is：
Sin, 1=Tin, 1 Vt（17）
Sout, 1=Tout, 1 Vt（18）
Tunnel gateway shading tent total length is：
Sin=∑ Sin, i（19）
Sout=∑ Sout, i（20）
（3）Control unit is designed
Design control circuit, including power supply, signals collecting part, signal conversion part point, detection part and feedback stage.By control
The design of circuit processed, and then realize the with an automatic light meter of shading tent.
Control system is mainly made up of PLC, Hall element, signal every straight amplification and rectification circuit.Wherein by PLC, control
The startup of motor processed, stopping, and the initialization of each hardware module.Position and speed of the system using Hall element measurement motor
Sensor pulse signal data are stored in PLC by degree.When shading tent is moved, PLC receives the signal deciding of Hall element transmission
The rotary state of motor.
By introducing Hall element in PLC, so as to be analyzed to signal.Due to the arteries and veins that Hall element is directly exported
Rush signal irregular, therefore by shaping circuit, to the pulse signal of hall device output every it is straight, amplify, be shaped to standard side
Ripple.Then signal input PLC for processing is completed into feedback.
Comprise the following steps that：
Step 1：Speed V, internal illumination Ein and external illuminance Eout etc. are collected respectively by external signal collecting unit
External information.
Step 2：The rate signal of collection wagon flow is simultaneously processed.
Step 3：The external signal for collecting is AD converted.
Step 4：By the signal input after conversion to PLC, length Si of every section of shading tent is calculated by PLC, by PLC pair
Each generator is respectively controlled.
Step 5：Whether judge to detect the shading tent total length S for calculating less than maximum length Smax, if being less than according to total
Length S carries out brightness adjustment control, and brightness adjustment control is carried out according to maximum total length Smax if being not less than.
Step 6：Each unit shading Board position is detected by Hall element, then by the signal for detecting
Reason, feeds back to PLC.
Step 7：Judge whether shadow shield reaches specified location, the step 8 if arrival specified location is just kept straight on, if do not reach referring to
Positioning puts then return to step 4.
Step 8：PLC carries out the initialization of modules, is transferred to step 1.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of road tunnel passageway shading automatic regulating system, it is characterised in that：Include and be arranged on outside tunnel gateway
Shading tent and the control system for adjusting shading tent obscurity, it is single that the control system includes external signal collection
Unit, AD conversion module, control unit, motor transmission agent, are slidably fitted with shadow shield, electric-motor drive on the shading tent
System is connected with shadow shield control；The external signal collecting unit includes rate signal collecting unit, illumination intensity signal collection
Unit, the speed letter that rate signal collecting unit includes wagon detector and is connected with the signal output part of wagon detector
Number collecting unit, wagon detector is arranged on tunnel gateway upstream, and illumination intensity signal collecting unit includes external illuminance detection
Device, internal luminance detection device and the illumination letter being connected with the signal output part of external illuminance detector, internal luminance detection device
Number processing unit, external illuminance detector, internal luminance detection device are separately mounted in the upstream and shading tent of shading tent, speed
Signal gathering unit, the signal output part of illumination intensity signal processing unit access the signal input part of AD conversion module；The control
Unit includes PLC and feedback unit, and feedback unit includes Hall element and the signal output part with Hall element
The signal of connection every it is straight, amplify, shaping circuit, Hall element is arranged on shadow shield, AD conversion module and signal every it is straight, put
Greatly, the signal output part of shaping circuit is respectively connected to PLC, the signal output part connection motor transmission agent of PLC；According to tunnel
Internal and external environment illumination difference and by traffic flow speed during tunnel gateway, with reference to driver's light visual characteristic,
Determine the obscurity of shading tent, be controlled to adjusting the related switch amount of shadow shield position, analog quantity using PLC, realize public
Road tunnel gateway light is automatically adjusted.
2. a kind of road tunnel passageway shading automatic regulating system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The screening
Tabula rasa includes spaced multiple top plates, multiple lower plywoods, top plate, lower plywood quantity it is consistent, the two of shading tent
Side is additionally provided with conduit, and the lower plywood is fixedly installed on shading tent, and top plate is installed in the channel by roller-coaster, conduit
Be respectively arranged at two ends with limited block.
3. a kind of road tunnel passageway shading automatic regulating system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The electricity
Motivation transmission system includes multiple motor, and each motor is connected on a top plate respectively by transmission gear for electric motor,
Each motor controls respectively its corresponding top plate and slides on conduit.
4. a kind of road tunnel passageway shading automatic regulating system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：In described
The quantity of portion's illumination detector is consistent with the quantity of top plate, and each internal illumination detector is separately mounted to each lower plywood positioned at upper
One end of trip, vehicle is travelled to shading tent, and the inside illumination detector positioned at upstream shines relative to next interior lights and detects
Device detects outside luminance signal as outside illumination detector, and the exterior light that the inside illumination detector of upstream is detected shines letter
Number and the inside luminance signal that detects of next internal illumination detector access illumination intensity signal processing unit simultaneously and processed.
5. a kind of road tunnel passageway shading automatic regulating system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：It is described suddenly
Your quantity of sensor is consistent with the quantity of top plate, and a Hall element is installed on each top plate.
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| CN107355231A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-11-17 | 西安建筑科技大学 | The light adjusting system and method for a kind of outer extension of tunnel portal of highway |
| CN107956479A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-04-24 | 贵阳电气控制设备有限公司 | A kind of freeway tunnel visual environment improves equipment and its ameliorative way |
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| CN111750299A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-10-09 | 中铁建大桥工程局集团电气化工程有限公司 | Highway tunnel vision safety guiding device |
| CN113823094A (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2021-12-21 | 四川九通智路科技有限公司 | Tunnel real-time monitoring management system and method based on traffic flow big data |
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