CN106640093A - Tunnel excavating face blasting construction method - Google Patents
Tunnel excavating face blasting construction method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106640093A CN106640093A CN201710018283.6A CN201710018283A CN106640093A CN 106640093 A CN106640093 A CN 106640093A CN 201710018283 A CN201710018283 A CN 201710018283A CN 106640093 A CN106640093 A CN 106640093A
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- short
- length
- ophthalmically acceptable
- tunnel
- long
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/006—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by making use of blasting methods
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a tunnel excavating face blasting construction method. The method comprises the steps of drilling periphery holes and filling the periphery holes with explosives. The periphery holes are divided into the short holes and the long holes. The short holes are drilled along the inner side of a primary support and are 1.5-2.5 m long. The long holes are drilled along the inner sides of the short holes, the orifice distance between an opening of each long hole and an opening of the corresponding short hole is 15 cm, and the long holes are 3.5-4.5 m long. The offset distance between the hole bottom of each short hole or each long hole and the tunnel excavating boundary is not larger than 10 cm, and the overlapping length of the long holes and the short holes is not smaller than 0.5 m. The explosives fill the long holes and the short holes in a segmented axial and radial non-coupling mode. According to the technical scheme of the tunnel excavating face blasting construction method, the overexcavation phenomenon of a tunnel in the blasting and excavating process is controlled, the range of disturbance of explosion to surrounding rocks is reduced, tunnel construction safety is guaranteed, construction efficiency is improved, and the tunnel reinforcing and maintenance cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to tunnel perimeter Smooth Blasting Construction field, more particularly to closelys follow face for Tunnel
Under the conditions of tunnel perimeter Smooth Blasting Construction method.
Background technology
In order to control tunnel wall rock deformation and prevent from caving in, required according to existing tunnel construction technical regulation, just
Phase supporting construction will in time construct after tunnel excavation, immediately following tunnel construction tunnel face.This execution conditions have been resulted in and connect
When the periphery hole for getting off drills, because the restriction of preliminary bracing structure causes drilling rod along excavation contour line perforate, and cannot to need
Outwards leave certain outer limb.This boring method can cause larger phenomenon of backbreaking because outer limb is excessive, tunnel week
Side excavation face out-of-flatness；Increase the range of disturbance to tunnel perimeter country rock simultaneously, destroy the completeness of protolith.This not only affects tunnel
What road was constructed is smoothed out, and increases preliminary bracing difficulty of construction, and engineering cost increases.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of tunnel tunnel face blasting construction method, can effectively improve periphery hole
Blasting quality, improves the smooth degree of tunnel perimeter excavation face, reduces range of disturbance of the periphery hole explosion to tunnel surrounding.
A kind of tunnel tunnel face blasting construction method of technical solution of the present invention, comprises the following steps：
（1）Determine tunnel excavation border and preliminary bracing installation site, face installation is close in preliminary bracing；
（2）Periphery hole is bored, the periphery hole is divided into short eye and slot mesh, and the short eye is along preliminary bracing inner side edge along to face
Inside drills through, and short eyelet is long（DL）For 1.5～2.5m, short eyelet bottom and tunnel excavation boundary shifts distance（DPL）No more than
10cm, the slot mesh is drilled through along inside the lateral face of short intraocular, between slot mesh opening and short eye opening aperture away from（KL）For
15cm, long eyelet is long（CL）For 3.5～4.5m, slot mesh bottom hole and tunnel excavation boundary shifts distance（CPL）No more than 10cm, and
Slot mesh, the short eye lap of splice（JL）Not less than 0.5m；
（3）Explosive is loaded to short intraocular, the charging means axially and radially not coupled using segmentation, first, from appropriate length
Short ophthalmically acceptable primacord, from the short ophthalmically acceptable explosive cartridge that single weight is 80～120g, then, short ophthalmically acceptable explosive cartridge is bundled in
On short ophthalmically acceptable primacord, and interval setting being placed in short eyelet bottom by short ophthalmically acceptable primacord, between two short ophthalmically acceptable explosive cartridges between
Every length（DJG）For 0.4～0.5m, aperture blocking section, aperture blocking segment length are set in short eyelet mouth（DDS）It is not less than
0.4m；
（4）Explosive is loaded to long intraocular, the charging means axially and radially not coupled using segmentation, first, from appropriate length
The ophthalmically acceptable primacord of length, from the ophthalmically acceptable explosive cartridge of length that single weight is 80～120g, then, the ophthalmically acceptable explosive cartridge of length is bundled in
On the ophthalmically acceptable primacord of length, and interval setting being placed in slot mesh bottom hole end by the ophthalmically acceptable primacord of length, between two grow between ophthalmically acceptable explosive cartridge
Every length（CJG）For 0.4～0.5m, leave a blank in slot mesh aperture, aperture is left a blank length（LK）No more than 0.5 times short eyelet is long
（DL）, in inner side providing holes is left a blank in aperture section, interior blocking segment length are blocked（CDS）Not less than 0.4m；
（5）Explosion.
The technology of the present invention beneficial effect：
When the 1st, can effectively solve the problem that constructing tunnel, preliminary bracing shows immediately following the tunnel amount of backbreaking in the case of face is excessive
As, the amount of jetting cement is reduced, save cost；
2nd, by spaced loading, standard powder stick is scatter, infringement during reduction explosive charge to country rock improves construction peace
Entirely, tunnel reinforcement and maintenance cost are reduced；
3rd, the structure of periphery hole reduces backbreaking for tunnel, that is, the muck removal amount in tunnel is reduced, while because reducing the amount of backbreaking and injection
The amount of concrete, so as to reduce working procedure duration, effective reduction of erection time.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the periphery hole structural representation in a kind of tunnel tunnel face blasting construction method of the invention,
Fig. 2 is the face structural representation in a kind of tunnel tunnel face blasting construction method of the invention,
Fig. 3 is short eye powder charge schematic diagram,
Fig. 4 is slot mesh powder charge schematic diagram,
Wherein parts, toponym and corresponding mark for：It is preliminary bracing 11, face 12, tunnel excavation border 13, short
Eye 21, slot mesh 22, length eyelet mouth are opened away from KL, short eyelet bottom and tunnel excavation boundary shifts apart from DPL, slot mesh bottom hole and tunnel
Boundary shifts are dug apart from CPL, the long DL of short eyelet, the long CL of long eyelet, slot mesh, short eye lap of splice JL, aperture blocking section 31, powder stick
32nd, gap length between gap length DJG between section DS, two short ophthalmically acceptable explosive cartridges, two length ophthalmically acceptable explosive cartridge is blocked in primacord 33, hole
CJG, aperture leave a blank length LK.
Specific embodiment
For ease of skilled artisan understands that technical solution of the present invention, in conjunction with Figure of description to the technology of the present invention side
Case is described further.
Embodiment one：
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4, it is a kind of tunnel tunnel face blasting construction method,
First, the drilling of periphery hole is carried out according to periphery hole shape in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 and structure, tunnel construction tunnel face 12 is arch
Shape plane, preliminary bracing 11 is close to face 12 and is installed, and periphery hole is divided into short eye 21 and slot mesh 22, and short eye 21 and slot mesh 22 are in arch
Radially direction drills through on shape face 12, and short eye 21 is close to the lower inside position of preliminary bracing 11 in the upper shed position of face 12
Put, slot mesh 22 is located at the inner side of short eye 21, the long DL in the hole of short eye 21 is 1.5m, and short eyelet bottom is with tunnel excavation boundary shifts apart from DPL
For 10cm, slot mesh 22 the upper shed position of face 12 from short eye aperture position to offset inboard and the length eyelet mouth that offsets away from
KL is 15cm, and the long CL of long eyelet is 3.5m, and slot mesh bottom hole and tunnel excavation boundary shifts are 10cm apart from CPL, the slot mesh 22,
Lap of splice JL of short eye 21 is 0.5m；
Then, to powder charge in short eye 21：The charging means axially and radially not coupled using segmentation, from the short eye of appropriate length
With primacord 33, the short length of ophthalmically acceptable primacord 33 is long more than the hole of short eye 21, from single weight for 80g short ophthalmically acceptable explosive cartridge
32, then, short ophthalmically acceptable explosive cartridge 32 is bundled on short ophthalmically acceptable primacord 33 using the binding utensil such as adhesive tape, short ophthalmically acceptable explosive cartridge
32 are bundled by stretching in the bottom hole end of short eye 21, and two 32 gap length DJG of short ophthalmically acceptable explosive cartridge are 0.4m, in the hole of short eye 21
Mouth arranges aperture blocking section 31, and aperture blocking section 31 length DDS is 0.4m；
After again, explosive is loaded to long intraocular, the charging means axially and radially not coupled using segmentation, from the length of appropriate length
Ophthalmically acceptable primacord 36, the ophthalmically acceptable length of primacord 36 of length is long more than the hole of slot mesh 22, from the ophthalmically acceptable explosive cartridge of length that single weight is 80g
35, then, the ophthalmically acceptable explosive cartridge of length is bundled on the ophthalmically acceptable primacord of length, and being placed in slot mesh bottom hole end by the ophthalmically acceptable primacord of length
Interval setting, gap length CJG is 0.4m between two length ophthalmically acceptable explosive cartridges, is left a blank in slot mesh aperture, and aperture length LK of leaving a blank is
0.7m, blocks section in inner side providing holes is left a blank in aperture, and interior blocking segment length CDS is 0.4m；
Finally, igniting explosion is prepared.
Embodiment two：
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4, it is a kind of tunnel tunnel face blasting construction method,
First, the drilling of periphery hole is carried out according to periphery hole shape in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 and structure, tunnel construction tunnel face 12 is arch
Shape plane, preliminary bracing 11 is close to face 12 and is installed, and periphery hole is divided into short eye 21 and slot mesh 22, and short eye 21 and slot mesh 22 are in arch
Radially direction drills through on shape face 12, and short eye 21 is close to the lower inside position of preliminary bracing 11 in the upper shed position of face 12
Put, slot mesh 22 is located at the inner side of short eye 21, the long DL in the hole of short eye 21 is 2.5m, and short eyelet bottom is with tunnel excavation boundary shifts apart from DPL
For 10cm, slot mesh 22 the upper shed position of face 12 from short eye aperture position to offset inboard and the length eyelet mouth that offsets away from
KL is 15cm, and the long CL of long eyelet is 4.5m, and slot mesh bottom hole and tunnel excavation boundary shifts are 10cm apart from CPL, the slot mesh 22,
Lap of splice JL of short eye 21 is 0.5m；
Then, to powder charge in short eye 21：The charging means axially and radially not coupled using segmentation, from the short eye of appropriate length
With primacord 33, the short length of ophthalmically acceptable primacord 33 is long more than the hole of short eye 21, from single weight for 120g short ophthalmically acceptable explosive cartridge
32, then, short ophthalmically acceptable explosive cartridge 32 is bundled on short ophthalmically acceptable primacord 33 using the binding utensil such as adhesive tape, short ophthalmically acceptable explosive cartridge
32 are bundled by stretching in the bottom hole end of short eye 21, and two 32 gap length DJG of short ophthalmically acceptable explosive cartridge are 0.5m, in the hole of short eye 21
Mouth arranges aperture blocking section 31, and aperture blocking section 31 length DDS is 0.4m；
After again, explosive is loaded to long intraocular, the charging means axially and radially not coupled using segmentation, from the length of appropriate length
Ophthalmically acceptable primacord 36, the ophthalmically acceptable length of primacord 36 of length is long more than the hole of slot mesh 22, from the ophthalmically acceptable explosive of length that single weight is 120g
Volume 35, then, the ophthalmically acceptable explosive cartridge of length is bundled on the ophthalmically acceptable primacord of length, and is placed in slot mesh bottom hole end by the ophthalmically acceptable primacord of length and opened
Beginning interval setting, gap length CJG is 0.5m between two length ophthalmically acceptable explosive cartridges, is left a blank in slot mesh aperture, and aperture length LK of leaving a blank is
The long DL of 0.5 times short eyelet, blocks section in inner side providing holes is left a blank in aperture, and interior blocking segment length CDS is 0.4m；
Finally, igniting explosion is prepared.
Embodiment three：
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4, it is a kind of tunnel tunnel face blasting construction method,
First, the drilling of periphery hole is carried out according to periphery hole shape in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 and structure, tunnel construction tunnel face 12 is arch
Shape plane, preliminary bracing 11 is close to face 12 and is installed, and periphery hole is divided into short eye 21 and slot mesh 22, and short eye 21 and slot mesh 22 are in arch
Radially direction drills through on shape face 12, and short eye 21 is close to the lower inside position of preliminary bracing 11 in the upper shed position of face 12
Put, slot mesh 22 is located at the inner side of short eye 21, the long DL in the hole of short eye 21 is 2m, and short eyelet bottom is apart from DPL with tunnel excavation boundary shifts
10cm, slot mesh 22 the upper shed position of face 12 from short eye aperture position to offset inboard and offset length eyelet mouth away from KL
For 15cm, the long CL of long eyelet is 4m, and slot mesh bottom hole and tunnel excavation boundary shifts are 10cm apart from CPL, the slot mesh 22, short eye
21 laps of splice JL are 0.5m；
Then, to powder charge in short eye 21：The charging means axially and radially not coupled using segmentation, from the short eye of appropriate length
With primacord 33, the short length of ophthalmically acceptable primacord 33 is long more than the hole of short eye 21, from single weight for 100g short ophthalmically acceptable explosive cartridge
32, then, short ophthalmically acceptable explosive cartridge 32 is bundled on short ophthalmically acceptable primacord 33 using the binding utensil such as adhesive tape, short ophthalmically acceptable explosive cartridge
32 are bundled by stretching in the bottom hole end of short eye 21, and two 32 gap length DJG of short ophthalmically acceptable explosive cartridge are 0.45m, in short eye 21
Aperture arranges aperture blocking section 31, and aperture blocking section 31 length DDS is 0.4m；
After again, explosive is loaded to long intraocular, the charging means axially and radially not coupled using segmentation, from the length of appropriate length
Ophthalmically acceptable primacord 36, the ophthalmically acceptable length of primacord 36 of length is long more than the hole of slot mesh 22, from the ophthalmically acceptable explosive of length that single weight is 100g
Volume 35, then, the ophthalmically acceptable explosive cartridge of length is bundled on the ophthalmically acceptable primacord of length, and is placed in slot mesh bottom hole end by the ophthalmically acceptable primacord of length and opened
Beginning interval setting, gap length CJG is 0.45m between two length ophthalmically acceptable explosive cartridges, is left a blank in slot mesh aperture, and aperture length LK of leaving a blank is
The long DL of 0.5 times short eyelet, blocks section in inner side providing holes is left a blank in aperture, and interior blocking segment length CDS is 0.4m；
Finally, igniting explosion is prepared.
In a kind of tunnel tunnel face blasting construction method of technical solution of the present invention, core technology is the long and short eye of periphery hole
Arrangement and the loading method axially, radially not coupled, this tunnel tunnel face blasting construction method, control tunnel is in development blasting mistake
Phenomenon of backbreaking in journey, reduces range of disturbance of the explosion to country rock so that excavation face more smooth out, it is smooth, fully keep enclosing
The self-stable ability of rock, it is ensured that safety for tunnel engineering, improves efficiency of construction, reduces tunnel reinforcement and maintenance cost.
Technical solution of the present invention is exemplarily described above in conjunction with accompanying drawing to invention, it is clear that the present invention is implemented
It is not subject to the restrictions described above, as long as employ the various unsubstantialities that the method for the present invention is conceived and technical scheme is carried out changing
Enter, or it is not improved the design of invention and technical scheme are directly applied to into other occasions, in protection scope of the present invention
Within.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of tunnel tunnel face blasting construction method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）Determine tunnel excavation border and preliminary bracing installation site, face installation is close in preliminary bracing；
（2）Periphery hole is bored, the periphery hole is divided into short eye and slot mesh, and the short eye is along preliminary bracing inner side edge along to face
Inside drills through, and short eyelet is long（DL）For 1.5～2.5m, short eyelet bottom and tunnel excavation boundary shifts distance（DPL）No more than
10cm, the slot mesh is drilled through along inside the lateral face of short intraocular, between slot mesh opening and short eye opening aperture away from（KL）For
15cm, long eyelet is long（CL）For 3.5～4.5m, slot mesh bottom hole and tunnel excavation boundary shifts distance（CPL）No more than 10cm, and
Slot mesh, the short eye lap of splice（JL）Not less than 0.5m；
（3）Explosive is loaded to short intraocular, the charging means axially and radially not coupled using segmentation, first, from appropriate length
Short ophthalmically acceptable primacord, from the short ophthalmically acceptable explosive cartridge that single weight is 80～120g, then, short ophthalmically acceptable explosive cartridge is bundled in
On short ophthalmically acceptable primacord, and interval setting being placed in short eyelet bottom by short ophthalmically acceptable primacord, between two short ophthalmically acceptable explosive cartridges between
Every length（DJG）For 0.4～0.5m, aperture blocking section, aperture blocking segment length are set in short eyelet mouth（DDS）It is not less than
0.4m；
（4）Explosive is loaded to long intraocular, the charging means axially and radially not coupled using segmentation, first, from appropriate length
The ophthalmically acceptable primacord of length, from the ophthalmically acceptable explosive cartridge of length that single weight is 80～120g, then, the ophthalmically acceptable explosive cartridge of length is bundled in
On the ophthalmically acceptable primacord of length, and interval setting being placed in slot mesh bottom hole end by the ophthalmically acceptable primacord of length, between two grow between ophthalmically acceptable explosive cartridge
Every length（CJG）For 0.4～0.5m, leave a blank in slot mesh aperture, aperture is left a blank length（LK）No more than 0.5 times short eyelet is long
（DL）, in inner side providing holes is left a blank in aperture section, interior blocking segment length are blocked（CDS）Not less than 0.4m；
（5）Explosion.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710018283.6A CN106640093A (en) | 2017-01-11 | 2017-01-11 | Tunnel excavating face blasting construction method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710018283.6A CN106640093A (en) | 2017-01-11 | 2017-01-11 | Tunnel excavating face blasting construction method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106640093A true CN106640093A (en) | 2017-05-10 |
Family
ID=58842928
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710018283.6A Pending CN106640093A (en) | 2017-01-11 | 2017-01-11 | Tunnel excavating face blasting construction method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107269284A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2017-10-20 | 徐工集团工程机械有限公司 | Hard rock tunnel excavation construction method |
| CN111577293A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-08-25 | 四川省交通勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Rock drilling jumbo arrangement structure for adjusting peripheral holes to control over-excavation and construction method |
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2017
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107269284A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2017-10-20 | 徐工集团工程机械有限公司 | Hard rock tunnel excavation construction method |
| CN111577293A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-08-25 | 四川省交通勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Rock drilling jumbo arrangement structure for adjusting peripheral holes to control over-excavation and construction method |
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Application publication date: 20170510 |