CN106640058B - Turbine type mud pulse generator with balance unit - Google Patents
Turbine type mud pulse generator with balance unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN106640058B CN106640058B CN201611128135.1A CN201611128135A CN106640058B CN 106640058 B CN106640058 B CN 106640058B CN 201611128135 A CN201611128135 A CN 201611128135A CN 106640058 B CN106640058 B CN 106640058B
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract description 25
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035485 pulse pressure Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
- E21B47/14—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling using acoustic waves
- E21B47/18—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling using acoustic waves through the well fluid, e.g. mud pressure pulse telemetry
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
- Control Of Turbines (AREA)
Abstract
The turbine type mud pulse generator with the balance unit comprises a power system, a pressure balance unit and a pulse generation device, wherein the outer ring of a balance unit fixing sleeve 11 of the pressure balance unit is matched with the inner ring of a shell 4, and the axial positioning is realized through a sleeve so that the pressure balance unit is fixed between the power system and the pulse generation device; the power system and the pulse generating device are connected with the inner thread of the valve core 13 through the threads at the lower end of the turbine shaft 5 of the power system, and the power system, the pressure balancing unit and the pulse generating device are tightly connected through the threads at the two ends of the shell 4 through the upper connector 1 and the lower connector 14. The self-contained pressure balance unit can generate acting force which acts on the turbine shaft upwards along the axial direction directly so as to reduce the load of the thrust bearing and prolong the service life of the thrust bearing. The invention has good usability for the downhole tool of drilling engineering, and can be installed at any position of a drill string for use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of petroleum exploitation engineering equipment, and particularly relates to a turbine type mud pulse generator.
Background
In recent years, the world energy supply and demand form is increasingly severe, the international oil price is continuously high, the competition among international large oil companies is increasingly strong, the existing oil fields are continuously exhausted, the exploration and development activities are increasingly oriented to areas with more severe environments and more complex stratum conditions, and links of oil and gas reservoir exploration, development, evaluation, production and the like all put forward higher-level requirements on logging technology. The pressure for reducing the cost through logging operation requires the least time for occupying a well site in logging operation, so that the logging efficiency is improved; the method has the advantages that the data can be collected in real time, the target layer can be identified more quickly, stratum parameters can be determined more accurately, the recovery ratio of each well hole is improved, the downhole working condition environment information is acquired timely, the method is very important, the Measurement While Drilling (MWD) technology is widely applied as an advanced logging technology, the measured downhole working condition information of the MWD tool is required to be transmitted back to a ground control system in a slurry pulse mode and the like during working, accurate underground drilling guide signals can be provided for a downhole drilling tool assembly, the drilling efficiency is improved, and the drilling cost is saved.
The pulse generating mechanism of the traditional pulse generator mostly uses an eccentric valve, for example, a pulse generating device used by a NOV hydraulic oscillator is an end face sealing type eccentric valve, the interference of radial vibration of a drill string caused by eccentric motion on signal measurement and transmission of LWD underground measuring tools is large, friction between a valve core of the eccentric valve of the mechanism and the end face of a valve seat is large, and the processing cost is high by using special materials and a processing method. In addition, the screw stator in the power system of the NOV tool adopts a rubber element which is sensitive to high-temperature and high-pressure environments, and is not applicable to severe environments such as deep wells, ultra-deep wells and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a turbine type mud pulse generator with a balance unit, which not only can generate continuous mud pulse, but also can generate acting force upwards along the axial direction to directly act on a turbine shaft so as to reduce the load of a thrust bearing and prolong the service life of the thrust bearing. For a general downhole tool, the service life of the thrust bearing determines the service life of the tool, so that the invention indirectly prolongs the working time of the invention in actual engineering use. In addition, the invention has good usability for drilling engineering downhole tools, and can be installed at any position of a drill string for use. If matched with a proper vibration pup joint, the downhole turbine type hydraulic oscillator can be formed.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a turbine-type mud pulse generator with a balancing unit, characterized in that: the device comprises a power system, a pressure balance unit and a pulse generation device, wherein the outer ring of a balance unit fixing sleeve 11 of the pressure balance unit is matched with the inner ring of a shell 4, and then the axial positioning is realized through a sleeve so that the pressure balance unit is fixed between the power system and the pulse generation device; the power system and the pulse generating device are connected with the inner thread of the valve core 13 through the threads at the lower end of the turbine shaft 5 of the power system, and the power system, the pressure balancing unit and the pulse generating device are tightly connected through the threads at the two ends of the shell 4 through the upper connector 1 and the lower connector 14.
The power system comprises an upper joint 1, a shell 4, a bullet head 2, a turbine shaft 5, an upper centralizing bearing 3, a turbine group 6 and a lower centralizing bearing 8, wherein a long hole is formed in the center of the lower end of the turbine shaft 5, the long hole is connected with the downstream of the rotary valve and the inner cavity of the pressure balancing unit, the turbine group 6 is arranged on the turbine shaft 5, the upper centralizing bearing 3 and the lower centralizing bearing 8 are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the turbine group 6, the bullet head 2 is arranged on the upper side of the upper centralizing bearing 3, and the bullet head 2 is connected with the upper end of the turbine shaft 5 through threads.
The front end of the bullet head is conical.
The pressure balance unit comprises a balance unit fixing sleeve 11, a thrust bearing 10 and a bearing end cover 9; the balance unit fixing sleeve 11 outer ring is matched with the shell 4 inner ring, the balance unit fixing sleeve 11 inner ring is matched with the turbine shaft 5, the thrust bearing 10 is arranged in the balance unit fixing sleeve 11, and the thrust bearing is fixed in the balance unit fixing sleeve 11 through a bolt by the bearing end cover 9 and is axially limited with the step of the turbine shaft 5.
The pulse generating device comprises a radial sealing rotary valve system and a lower joint 14, wherein the radial sealing rotary valve system comprises a valve core 13 and a valve seat 12, two through holes are symmetrically arranged on the circumferential surfaces of the valve core 13 and the valve seat 12, through holes with conical sections are formed in the cylindrical surface of the valve core 13, the two cross section boundaries of the through holes pass through the central shaft of the valve core 13, a circular ring structure is reserved at the lower end of the valve core 13 so as to increase the structural strength of the valve core, two long holes with rectangular cross sections are formed in the cylindrical surface of the valve seat 12 in a mirror image mode, a large chamfer is formed in the end face of the central hole of the lower part of the valve seat 12, a plurality of small holes are uniformly formed in the end face of the lower part of the valve seat 12, a circular ring-shaped inner cavity is formed in the inner side of the upper part of the valve core 13, and two small holes are symmetrically formed in the upper end face of the valve core 13 so as to connect the circular inner cavity with the outside.
The invention has the beneficial effects that;
1. the tool provided by the invention is provided with the pressure balancing unit, so that the load of the thrust bearing can be effectively reduced, and the working time of the bearing can be prolonged, thereby prolonging the actual service life of the tool.
2. The turbine is used as a power source, the kinetic energy of the high-pressure drilling fluid is converted into mechanical energy rotating at a high speed, and the energy conversion cost is low and the implementation is easy. Meanwhile, the tool is an all-metal component, can effectively resist the severe working environment of deep wells and ultra-deep wells, and ensures the long-time and reliable work of the invention. In addition, the two pairs of centralizing bearings are used on the turbine shaft, so that the concentricity of the turbine shaft can be effectively ensured, the tool can maintain good accuracy during working, and the drilling effectiveness is improved.
3. According to the invention, the long hole is arranged at the center of the lower end of the used turbine shaft, the through hole is formed in the bottom of the long hole along the radial direction of the turbine shaft, and the low pressure of the downstream of the rotary valve system is introduced into the low pressure cavity of the pressure balancing unit through the long hole and the through hole, so that the method is simple and the processing cost is low.
4. The invention uses a radial sealing rotary valve system, and a part of circular ring structure is reserved at the lower end of the valve core, so that the possibility of deformation and damage of the valve core in the working process can be reduced, and the reliability of the valve core in actual working is enhanced. In addition, the valve core and the valve core are arranged to be the same part, so that the number of parts is reduced, and the tool is convenient to install.
5. The large chamfer is arranged at the central hole at the lower end of the valve seat of the rotary valve system, so that the flow-through property of the drilling fluid when flowing out from the downstream of the rotary valve can be effectively increased, and the erosion abrasion of the drilling fluid to a tool connected with the lower end of the tool can be reduced. In addition, a plurality of small holes are uniformly distributed on the lower end surface of the valve seat along the circumferential direction, and the number and the size of the small holes can be set to change the pulse pressure performance of the system, so that a proper pressure control method is provided for drilling.
6. The upper part of the bullet head is designed into a conical shape, so that the drilling fluid at the inlet of the tool can be effectively and evenly and smoothly transited, the erosive wear action of the drilling fluid on the tool is reduced, and the damage of the drilling fluid to the first-stage turbine wheel is minimized when the drilling fluid enters the first-stage turbine wheel. In addition, the plurality of key tooth structures are arranged on the outer surface of the middle cylinder of the bullet head, so that the friction force when the bullet head is tightened by using the tightening tool can be increased, the tightening work is more convenient when the bullet head is assembled, the bullet head can effectively compress the turbine group, and the reliability of the tool is ensured.
7. The tool has the advantages of simple integral structure, easiness in processing and manufacturing, convenience in pressure pulse regulation and control and capability of reducing production cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a turbine shaft structure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the bullet;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a balance unit fixing sleeve structure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a partially assembled construction of a radial seal rotary valve system;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the structure of a spool of a rotary valve system;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of the structure of a valve seat of a rotary valve system.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention further with reference to the drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-7, an upper joint 1, a shell 4 and a lower joint 14 of the invention are respectively connected through common cylindrical threads, and an outer ring of a balance unit fixing sleeve 11 of a pressure balance unit is matched with an inner ring of the shell 4. The pressure balance unit is sleeved on the turbine shaft 5 and is arranged between the power system and the pulse generating device. The power system and the pulse generating device are connected with the internal thread of the valve core 13 through the threads at the lower end of the turbine shaft 5 of the power system.
The power system comprises a turbine shaft 5, a bullet head 2, an upper centralizing bearing 3, a turbine group 6 and a lower centralizing bearing 8. The lower end of the lower centralizing bearing 8 is tightly attached to the step of the turbine shaft 5, is connected with the turbine group 6 and the upper centralizing bearing 3 through sleeve parts, and finally is connected with the turbine shaft 5 through threads by the bullet 2 to realize axial limiting, so as to compress the turbine group 6, the upper centralizing bearing 3 and the lower centralizing bearing 8. When the high-pressure drilling fluid flows through the turbine group, interaction force is generated between the drilling fluid and the turbine, the turbine element converts kinetic energy of the high-pressure drilling fluid into mechanical energy for high-speed rotation of the turbine rotor, and the turbine rotor transmits rotary motion to the turbine shaft so that the turbine shaft rotates, and a power source is provided for the rotary valve system. The front end of the bullet head 2 is conical, so that the energy loss of drilling fluid can be reduced. The bullet 2 is connected with the upper end of the turbine shaft 5 through threads so as to compress the turbine group 6.
The pressure balance unit comprises a balance unit fixing sleeve 11, a valve core 13, a thrust bearing 10 and a bullet head 29. The balance unit fixing sleeve 11 is matched with the shell on the outer ring, the outer ring is axially fixed through the sleeve, and the inner side of the outer ring is sleeved on the turbine shaft 5. The thrust bearing 10 is arranged on the inner side of the upper part of the balance unit fixing sleeve 11, the lower part of the left side is limited by a sleeve, the upper part of the left side is limited by a step surface of the balance unit fixing sleeve 11, the lower part of the right side is limited by a step of the turbine shaft 5, the upper part of the right side is limited by a bullet head 2, and the bullet head 2 is connected with the balance unit fixing sleeve 11 by a bolt. The thrust bearing 10 is fixed to the upper inner side of the balance unit fixing cover 11 by the above-described limiting method. The upper side of the valve core 13 is connected with the turbine shaft 5 through threads, a cavity is formed between the balance unit fixing sleeve 11 and the bearing end, the downstream low pressure is introduced into the cavity through a central hole and a radial through hole at the lower end of the turbine shaft 5, the cavity is changed into a low pressure cavity, a pressure difference is formed between the low pressure cavity and the upstream high pressure, an axial upward acting force is generated under the action of the pressure difference, the acting force acts on the turbine shaft 5, the load of a thrust bearing is reduced, and the working time of the thrust bearing is prolonged. The radial seal rotary valve system comprises a spool 13 and a valve seat 12. The cylindrical surface of the lower side of the valve core 13 is provided with a long hole, the boundary of the long hole is an inclined plane, the two inclined planes pass through the axis of the valve core 13, and a circular ring structure is reserved at the lower end of the valve core 13 so as to enhance the structural strength of the valve core. A rectangular through hole is formed in the cylindrical surface of the upper part of the valve seat 12, so that drilling fluid passes through the through hole and flows out of the valve core long hole; the center hole at the lower end of the valve seat 12 is provided with a large chamfer, so that the outflow effect of drilling fluid in the rotary valve system can be improved, and the fluidity of the drilling fluid is enhanced; a plurality of small holes are uniformly distributed on the lower end face of the valve seat 12 along the circumferential direction, when the cylindrical surface flow area of the rotary valve system is minimum or closed, drilling fluid can pass through the rotary valve, and the system is prevented from generating pressure-holding phenomenon to damage tools. The valve core 13 is connected with the turbine shaft 5 through threads, and the valve core 13 rotates at a high speed under the drive of the rotary motion output by the turbine shaft 5 in a power system, so that through flow openings between the valve core 13 and the valve seat 12 are overlapped in a staggered way, and continuously flowing high-pressure drilling fluid is converted into intermittent mud pulse.
Claims (3)
1. A turbine-type mud pulse generator with a balancing unit, characterized in that: the device comprises a power system, a pressure balance unit and a pulse generation device, wherein the outer ring of a balance unit fixing sleeve (11) of the pressure balance unit is matched with the inner ring of a shell (4), and the axial positioning is realized through a sleeve so that the pressure balance unit is fixed between the power system and the pulse generation device; the power system and the pulse generating device are connected with the inner thread of the valve core (13) through threads at the lower end of a turbine shaft (5) of the power system, the pressure balancing unit and the pulse generating device are tightly connected through threads at two ends of a shell (4) through an upper joint (1), the shell (4), a bullet head (2), the turbine shaft (5), an upper centralizing bearing (3), a turbine group (6) and a lower centralizing bearing (8), a long hole is formed in the center of the lower end of the turbine shaft (5), the long hole is connected with the downstream of the rotary valve and the inner cavity of the pressure balancing unit, the turbine group (6) is arranged on the turbine shaft (5), the upper side and the lower side of the turbine group (6) are respectively provided with the upper centralizing bearing (3) and the lower centralizing bearing (8), the upper side of the upper centralizing bearing (3) is provided with a bullet head (2), the bullet head (2) is connected with the upper end of the turbine shaft (5) through threads, the pulse generating device comprises a radial sealing rotary valve system and the lower joint (14), the radial sealing rotary valve system comprises a cylindrical valve (13) and a valve seat (13), the two valve cores are arranged on the periphery of the valve core (13) and the valve core are provided with two conical through holes on the valve core (13) in cross section, the valve core is provided with a through hole, the two valve cores are arranged on the cross section plane, the lower end of the valve core (13) is provided with a circular ring structure to increase the structural strength of the valve core, two long holes with rectangular cross sections are formed in the cylindrical surface of the valve seat (12) in a mirror image mode, the end face of the central hole at the lower part of the valve seat (12) is provided with a large chamfer, the end face at the lower part of the valve seat (12) is uniformly provided with a plurality of small holes, the inner side of the upper part of the valve core (13) is provided with a circular inner cavity, and the upper end face of the valve core is symmetrically provided with two small holes to connect the circular inner cavity with the outside.
2. A turbine mud pulser with balancing unit according to claim 1, wherein: the front end of the bullet head is conical.
3. A turbine mud pulser with balancing unit as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the pressure balance unit comprises a balance unit fixing sleeve (11), a thrust bearing (10) and a bearing end cover (9); the balance unit fixing sleeve (11) outer ring is matched with the inner ring of the shell (4), the balance unit fixing sleeve (11) inner ring is matched with the turbine shaft (5), a thrust bearing (10) is arranged inside the balance unit fixing sleeve (11), and the thrust bearing is fixed in the balance unit fixing sleeve (11) through a bolt by a bearing end cover (9) and axially limited with a step of the turbine shaft (5).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611128135.1A CN106640058B (en) | 2016-12-09 | 2016-12-09 | Turbine type mud pulse generator with balance unit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611128135.1A CN106640058B (en) | 2016-12-09 | 2016-12-09 | Turbine type mud pulse generator with balance unit |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106640058A CN106640058A (en) | 2017-05-10 |
| CN106640058B true CN106640058B (en) | 2023-06-02 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110905400B (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2021-09-03 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Pulse weight-on-bit generator |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1353939A (en) * | 1970-07-16 | 1974-05-22 | Aquitaine Petrole | Signal transmitting device for use in drilling wells |
| CN2916125Y (en) * | 2006-03-22 | 2007-06-27 | 冯建宇 | Salvageable small-diameter constant-pulse-amplitude wireless logging-while-drilling instrument |
| CN202381239U (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2012-08-15 | 江汉石油钻头股份有限公司 | Hydraulic balance device for turbine section of high-speed turbodrill |
| CN203035141U (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2013-07-03 | 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 | Downhole impeller-type impulsator |
| CN103362438A (en) * | 2012-04-05 | 2013-10-23 | 长江大学 | Power section of hydraulic balance turbodrill |
| CN206448804U (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-08-29 | 长江大学 | A kind of turbine type mud pulse generator with balancing unit |
-
2016
- 2016-12-09 CN CN201611128135.1A patent/CN106640058B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1353939A (en) * | 1970-07-16 | 1974-05-22 | Aquitaine Petrole | Signal transmitting device for use in drilling wells |
| CN2916125Y (en) * | 2006-03-22 | 2007-06-27 | 冯建宇 | Salvageable small-diameter constant-pulse-amplitude wireless logging-while-drilling instrument |
| CN202381239U (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2012-08-15 | 江汉石油钻头股份有限公司 | Hydraulic balance device for turbine section of high-speed turbodrill |
| CN103362438A (en) * | 2012-04-05 | 2013-10-23 | 长江大学 | Power section of hydraulic balance turbodrill |
| CN203035141U (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2013-07-03 | 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 | Downhole impeller-type impulsator |
| CN206448804U (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-08-29 | 长江大学 | A kind of turbine type mud pulse generator with balancing unit |
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| CN106640058A (en) | 2017-05-10 |
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