CN106635406A - High-oil-yield production process for extracting peanut oil from peanut cake - Google Patents
High-oil-yield production process for extracting peanut oil from peanut cake Download PDFInfo
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- CN106635406A CN106635406A CN201710011946.1A CN201710011946A CN106635406A CN 106635406 A CN106635406 A CN 106635406A CN 201710011946 A CN201710011946 A CN 201710011946A CN 106635406 A CN106635406 A CN 106635406A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/10—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by extracting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/001—Refining fats or fatty oils by a combination of two or more of the means hereafter
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-oil-yield production process for extracting peanut oil from a peanut cake. The production process comprises the following steps: leaching, performing solid-liquid separation, separating n-hexane, separating turpentine, purifying raw oil, refining, and filtering. By using a mixture of turpentine and n-hexane to serve as special solvent, the safety of the solvent is improved, and the solvent percentage in the product oil is reduced; the oil yield of the leached oil can be increased according to the special ratio; and the solvent content in the product oil can be reduced, and the quality of the product oil is improved, thereby ensuring the health of eaters.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to peanut oil production technical field, and in particular to a kind of high oil recovery that peanut oil is extracted from peanut cake
Production technology.
Background technology
At present, peanut oil is raw-food material important in people's life, and lixiviation process is, using the principle of leaching, to use
Food grade solvent extracts a kind of method of grease through spray and action of soaking to oil plant from oil plant, is the current world
Upper generally acknowledged state-of-the-art production technology.Lixiviation process is applied and develops in developed country first.In recent years, China's grease section
Skilled worker author is introduced to advanced foreign technology, is digested, is absorbed, and leaching refining method technology is obtained in the grease production of China
It is widely applied, achieves long-range development.
It is that oil plant material base, pre-pressed cake or puffing material embryo are dipped in selected solvent that lixiviation process takes the basic process of oil, is made
Lipid solubilization forms in a solvent miscella, and then by the solid dregs of rice after miscella and leaching, existing peanut oil leaches legal system
In taking technique, the leaching solvent for using is many with aliphatic hydrocarbon, common are the alkane solvents with normal hexane as Main Components
And No. 6 solvents.Separate.Miscella is evaporated and is stripped, solvent evaporation is separated with grease, so as to obtain Extractive crudeoil.
And oil extraction solvent for use is mostly inflammable and explosive, and solvent has certain toxicity, therefore exists in production process certain
It is dangerous.Further, since containing residual solvent in Extractive crudeoil, it is poor that its quality relatively squeezes crude oil, it is impossible to directly eats.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is aiming at the defect of prior art presence, there is provided a kind of safe and reliable, can improve solvent peace
Whole step, reduces solvent containing ratio in product oil, it is ensured that the health of eater, and can improve oil yield extracts peanut oil from peanut cake
High oil recovery production technology.
Its technical scheme is：A kind of high oil recovery production technology that peanut oil is extracted from peanut cake, comprises the following steps：
1) leach：By the peanut cake of oil-containing 13-18%, leached with mixed solvent, 50-60 DEG C of extraction temperature, extraction time
40-50min, peanut cake is 1 with the mass ratio of mixed solvent：1-0.7, obtains the wet dregs of rice of the leaching containing mixed solvent, described mixed
Bonding solvent is the mixed solvent of the n-hexane of turpentine oil and 20-30% that weight proportion is 70%-80%；
2）Separation of solid and liquid：By the wet dregs of rice separation of solid and liquid of the above-mentioned leaching containing mixed solvent, peanut meal and the leaching of solid are respectively obtained
It is fuel-displaced；
3）Separate n-hexane：Air-distillation is carried out to leaching oil by destilling tower, n-hexane is isolated, obtains distilling bottom liquid；
4) turpentine oil is separated：To distillation bottom liquid according to mass ratio be 5：1.1-1.6 adds the mixture of second alcohol and water, and stirring is equal
Even rear stratification, the upper oil phase isolated is crude oil；Ethanol, the mass ratio of water are 1 in the mixture of the second alcohol and water:
0.3-0.5；
5) crude oil is refined：To in crude oil according to mass ratio be 3：0.5-0.8 adds the glacial acetic acid of 16%-22% and the mixing of ethanol
Thing, stratification after stirring, the upper oil phase isolated is refined crude oil；The glacial acetic acid of the 15%-20%, the matter of ethanol
Amount is than being 1:1.05-1.25；
6）Polish filtration：Refined crude oil is carried out being filtered to remove mechanical admixture, product oil is obtained.
Described turpentine oil is the turpentine oil Jing after desulfurization deodorizing process, and the desulfurization deodorizing method is comprised the following steps：
1）Raw material crude sulfate turpentine is carried out into oxidation washing process by oxidant, oil phase is obtained, the oxidant is secondary
The mixture of sodium chlorate and sodium hydroxide solution, the raw material and sodium hypochlorite and the mass ratio of the mixture of sodium hydroxide solution
For 1:Sodium hypochlorite, the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide solution are in the mixture of 1.5-2, the sodium hypochlorite and sodium hydroxide solution
1:0.5-1.5；
2）By oil phase by adsorbent absorbing and deodorizing, it is 1 that the adsorbent is mass ratio：The modified activated carbon and zinc ferrite of 1-2.
It is described oxidation washing process be：First sodium hypochlorite and NaOH mixed solution are carried out aoxidizing instead with oil phase
Should, the min of reaction time 10～40；Then the oil phase in mass ratio after oxidation reaction：Water is 1:0.8-1.2, stirs 2-3h, quiet
Layering 1-2h is put, is repeated 2-3 time.
The modified activated carbon is activated carbon to be obtained by adding load and process, and the load that adds is processed as to deionized water and dense
Add FeCl3 solids and powdered active carbon some in the mixed solution of HCl, stir, FeCl3 dippings are obtained after drying
Modified activated carbon absorbent.
The step 2）In separation of solid and liquid be by centrifuge separate.
The step 3）In vapo(u)rizing temperature be 80～90 DEG C.
The step 4）Middle distillation bottom liquid is 5 with the optimum quality ratio of ethanol, the mixture of water：1.2, the second alcohol and water
Mixture in ethanol, water optimum quality ratio be 1:0.5.
The present invention compared with prior art, with advantages below：By electing solvent as turpentine oil and n-hexane mixed
Bonding solvent, not only can reduce the toxicity of overall solvent, improve oil yield, and be easy to the later stage to separate, and good separating effect can have
Effect reduces the amount of solvent, so as to improve the quality of product oil, it is ensured that eater's is healthy.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one：
First by the peanut cake 100kg of the oil-containing 13-18% of a part of oil of squeezing out, with the turpentine oil of 70kg and 25kg just oneself
Alkane is leached, 55 DEG C of extraction temperature, and extraction time 45min obtains the wet dregs of rice of the leaching containing mixed solvent；
Then the wet dregs of rice of above-mentioned leaching are carried out into separation of solid and liquid by centrifuge, is may be otherwise by separation methods such as filtrations, point
Do not obtain the peanut meal of solid and leach oil；
Air-distillation is carried out to leaching oil by destilling tower, n-hexane is isolated, the distillation bottom liquid of 90kg is obtained, vapo(u)rizing temperature is
85℃；
The mixture of the second alcohol and water of 16kg, stratification after stirring is added to isolate in the distillation bottom liquid of 90kg
Upper oil phase is crude oil；Wherein, ethanol, water are respectively 12kg and 4kg in the mixture of second alcohol and water；To in the crude oil of 30kg
The concentration for adding 7kg is the mixture of 18% glacial acetic acid and ethanol, stratification after stirring, the upper oil phase isolated
To refine crude oil, wherein, 18% glacial acetic acid, ethanol are respectively 3.4kg and 3.6kg；Finally refined crude oil is filtered to remove
Mechanical admixture, obtains product oil.
Peanut oil output experimental data is contrasted：
| Peanut cake | N-hexane | Turpentine oil | Product oil | Solvent |
| 100kg | 95kg | 0 | 15kg | 2.1kg |
| 100kg | 70kg | 25kg | 20kg | 0.35kg |
| 120kg | 110kg | 0 | 20kg | 2.6kg |
| 120kg | 90kg | 30kg | 35kg | 0.15kg |
| 100kg | 100kg | 0 | 15.5kg | 2.4kg |
| 100kg | 80kg | 20kg | 19.5kg | 0.55kg |
Wherein, the use of the solvent turpentine oil in extract technology is the turpentine oil after desulfurization deodorizing process, its raw material is thick
Sulfate turpentine.Because turpentine oil is a kind of natural, organic essential oil.It is colourless to have special odor to dark brown liquid, by hydrocarbon
Mixture composition, containing substantial amounts of firpene, it is medicinal to be also applied to medical skin section, there is enhancement local blood circulation, alleviates swollen
Swollen and slight analgesic effect, thus will not be harmful to body, can reduce the toxicity of overall solvent.By this turpentine oil and
N-hexane can not only improve the oil yield of peanut cake as solvent, and be easy to the later stage to separate, and good separating effect can be reduced effectively
The amount of solvent, so as to improve the quality of product oil, it is ensured that eater's is healthy.
Wherein, desulfurization deodorizing method is comprised the following steps：
In 100kg total sulfur contents are about the crude sulfate turpentine of 500g/L add 150kg available chlorine contents be 10% time
Sodium chlorate and sodium hydroxide solution, wherein, sodium hypochlorite and sodium hydroxide solution are respectively 100kg and 50kg, in 60 DEG C of water
Stirring reaction 2h under the conditions of bath, reaction terminates rear stratification, adds 120kg water, stirring washing 3h to repeat two in oil phase
It is secondary.The zinc ferrite of 10kg modified activated carbons and 15kg is added in oil phase, is stirred 1.5 hours, be centrifugally separating to obtain turpentine oil, made
It is 6.33ppm to measure total sulfur content with microcoulomb instrument, nonirritant stink.Modified activated carbon 300 DEG C of roastings in vacuum drying chamber
Can be recycled after burning.
Wherein, modified activated carbon is to add FeCl3 solids and powder to live in the mixed solution of deionized water and dense HCl
Property charcoal it is some, stir, obtain after drying FeCl3 dipping modified activated carbon absorbent.
Zinc oxide forms zinc ferrite after mixing with iron oxide, the volatilization of zinc can be both reduced in high temperature or ensures that desulfurization is imitated
Rate and desulfurization precision.
Embodiment two：
First by the peanut cake 120kg of the oil-containing 13-18% of a part of oil of squeezing out, with the turpentine oil and the n-hexane of 30kg of 90kg
Leached, 50 DEG C of extraction temperature, extraction time 50min obtains the wet dregs of rice of the leaching containing mixed solvent；
Then the wet dregs of rice of above-mentioned leaching are carried out into separation of solid and liquid by centrifuge, is may be otherwise by separation methods such as filtrations, point
Do not obtain the peanut meal of solid and leach oil；
Air-distillation is carried out to leaching oil by destilling tower, n-hexane is isolated, the distillation bottom liquid of 150kg, vapo(u)rizing temperature is obtained
For 90 DEG C；
The mixture of the second alcohol and water of 35kg, stratification after stirring is added to isolate in the distillation bottom liquid of 150kg
Upper oil phase is crude oil；Wherein, ethanol, water are respectively 25kg and 10kg in the mixture of second alcohol and water；To the crude oil of 45kg
The concentration of middle addition 8kg is the mixture of 22% glacial acetic acid and ethanol, and stratification after stirring, the upper strata isolated is oily
It is mutually refined crude oil, wherein, 22% glacial acetic acid, ethanol are respectively 3.9kg and 4.1kg；Finally refined crude oil was filtered
Remove mechanical admixture, obtain product oil, Jing experiments understand, by peanut cake and mixed solvent, second alcohol and water and distillation bottom liquid this
Individual specific proportions, and the ratio of glacial acetic acid and ethanol and crude oil to greatest extent can separate crude oil with turpentine oil, it is ensured that into
The quality of product oil.Wherein, this specific proportions is：Peanut cake is 1 with the mass ratio of mixed solvent：1, distillation bottom liquid and ethanol,
The mass ratio of the mixture of water is 5：1.166；Ethanol is 1 with the mass ratio of water:0.4；Crude oil and glacial acetic acid, the mixture of ethanol
Mass ratio be 3：0.7；Glacial acetic acid is 1 with the mass ratio of ethanol:1.051.By this ratio leaching of turpentine oil and n-hexane
The oil yield highest for going out, and the quantity of solvent that after testing product oil contains is minimum, the quality of guarantee product oil that can be maximum.
Wherein, the use of the solvent turpentine oil in extract technology is the turpentine oil after desulfurization deodorizing process, its raw material
For crude sulfate turpentine.Because turpentine oil is a kind of natural, organic essential oil.It is colourless to have special odor to dark brown liquid,
It is made up of the mixture of hydrocarbon, containing substantial amounts of firpene, it is medicinal to be also applied to medical skin section, there is enhancement local blood circulation, delays
Solution swelling and slight analgesic effect, thus will not be harmful to body, has no toxic side effect, and may also function as antibacterial effect.
Other are identical with embodiment one, and corresponding ratio is adjusted according to usage amount when turpentine oil is deodorant.
Embodiment three：
First by the peanut cake 100kg of the oil-containing 13-18% of a part of oil of squeezing out, with the turpentine oil of 80kg and 20kg just oneself
Alkane is leached, 60 DEG C of extraction temperature, and extraction time 40min obtains the wet dregs of rice of the leaching containing mixed solvent；
Then the wet dregs of rice of above-mentioned leaching are carried out into separation of solid and liquid by centrifuge, is may be otherwise by separation methods such as filtrations, point
Do not obtain the peanut meal of solid and leach oil；
Air-distillation is carried out to leaching oil by destilling tower, n-hexane is isolated, the distillation bottom liquid of 100kg, vapo(u)rizing temperature is obtained
For 80 DEG C；
The mixture of the second alcohol and water of 25kg, stratification after stirring is added to isolate in the distillation bottom liquid of 100kg
Upper oil phase is crude oil；Wherein, ethanol, water are respectively 18kg and 7kg in the mixture of second alcohol and water；To in the crude oil of 33kg
The concentration for adding 7kg is the mixture of 22% glacial acetic acid and ethanol, stratification after stirring, the upper oil phase isolated
To refine crude oil, wherein, 22% glacial acetic acid, ethanol are respectively 3.5kg and 3.5kg；Finally refined crude oil is filtered to remove
Mechanical admixture, obtains product oil, and Jing experiments understand, by this ratio of second alcohol and water and distillation bottom liquid, and glacial acetic acid and
The ratio of ethanol and crude oil to greatest extent can separate crude oil with turpentine oil, it is ensured that the quality of product oil.
Wherein, the use of the solvent turpentine oil in extract technology is the turpentine oil after desulfurization deodorizing process, its raw material
For crude sulfate turpentine.Because turpentine oil is a kind of natural, organic essential oil.It is colourless to have special odor to dark brown liquid,
It is made up of the mixture of hydrocarbon, containing substantial amounts of firpene, it is medicinal to be also applied to medical skin section, there is enhancement local blood circulation, delays
Solution swelling and slight analgesic effect, thus will not be harmful to body.
Other are identical with embodiment one, and corresponding ratio is adjusted according to usage amount when turpentine oil is deodorant.
In above-described embodiment, the mass ratio 1 of peanut cake and mixed solvent：1-0.7, it is 70%- that mixed solvent is weight proportion
The mixed solvent of 80% turpentine oil and the n-hexane of 20-30%；Distillation bottom liquid is 5 with the mass ratio of the mixture of second alcohol and water：
1-1.5；Ethanol, the mass ratio of water are 1 in the mixture of second alcohol and water:0.3-0.5；Crude oil and glacial acetic acid and the mixture of ethanol
Mass ratio be 3：The glacial acetic acid of 0.5-0.8,16%-22%, the mass ratio of ethanol are 1:1-1.2.
Raw material and the mass ratio of sodium hypochlorite and the mixture of sodium hydroxide solution are 1 in turpentine oil desulfurization deodorization step:
The mass ratio of 1.5-2, sodium hypochlorite and sodium hydroxide solution is 1:0.5-1.5；The mass ratio of modified activated carbon and zinc ferrite is
1：1-2.Oil phase in the oxidation washing process：The mass ratio of water is 1:0.8-1.2.
The peanut oil extracted by above-mentioned solvent and proportioning, can not only reduce solvent toxicity, can be carried by special proportioning
The oil yield of high peanut cake, is separated by second alcohol and water to turpentine oil, is not only facilitated and is separated, and energy reduces cost,
Good separating effect, can effectively reduce the amount of solvent, so as to improve the quality of product oil, it is ensured that eater's is healthy.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, in the ken that those skilled in the art possess, may be used also
To make a variety of changes on the premise of without departing from present inventive concept, the content after change still falls within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. it is a kind of from peanut cake extract peanut oil high oil recovery production technology, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
1) leach：By the peanut cake of oil-containing 13-18%, leached with mixed solvent, 50-60 DEG C of extraction temperature, extraction time
40-50min, peanut cake is 1 with the mass ratio of mixed solvent：1-0.7, obtains the wet dregs of rice of the leaching containing mixed solvent, described mixed
Bonding solvent is the mixed solvent of the n-hexane of turpentine oil and 20-30% that weight proportion is 70%-80%；
2）Separation of solid and liquid：By the wet dregs of rice separation of solid and liquid of the above-mentioned leaching containing mixed solvent, peanut meal and the leaching of solid are respectively obtained
It is fuel-displaced；
3）Separate n-hexane：Air-distillation is carried out to leaching oil by destilling tower, n-hexane is isolated, obtains distilling bottom liquid；
4) turpentine oil is separated：To distillation bottom liquid according to mass ratio be 5：1.1-1.6 adds the mixture of second alcohol and water, and stirring is equal
Even rear stratification, the upper oil phase isolated is crude oil；Ethanol, the mass ratio of water are 1 in the mixture of the second alcohol and water:
0.3-0.5；
5) crude oil is refined：To in crude oil according to mass ratio be 3：0.5-0.8 adds the glacial acetic acid of 16%-22% and the mixing of ethanol
Thing, stratification after stirring, the upper oil phase isolated is refined crude oil；The glacial acetic acid of the 15%-20%, the matter of ethanol
Amount is than being 1:1.05-1.25；
6）Polish filtration：Refined crude oil is carried out being filtered to remove mechanical admixture, product oil is obtained.
2. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of from peanut cake extract peanut oil high oil recovery production technology, it is characterised in that：
Described turpentine oil is the turpentine oil Jing after desulfurization deodorizing process, and the desulfurization deodorizing method is comprised the following steps：
1）Raw material crude sulfate turpentine is carried out into oxidation washing process by oxidant, oil phase is obtained, the oxidant is secondary
The mixture of sodium chlorate and sodium hydroxide solution, the raw material and sodium hypochlorite and the mass ratio of the mixture of sodium hydroxide solution
For 1:Sodium hypochlorite, the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide solution are in the mixture of 1.5-2, the sodium hypochlorite and sodium hydroxide solution
1:0.5-1.5；
2）By oil phase by adsorbent absorbing and deodorizing, it is 1 that the adsorbent is mass ratio：The modified activated carbon and zinc ferrite of 1-2.
3. it is according to claim 2 it is a kind of from peanut cake extract peanut oil high oil recovery production technology, it is characterised in that：
It is described oxidation washing process be：First sodium hypochlorite and NaOH mixed solution are carried out into oxidation reaction with oil phase, during reaction
Between 10～40 min；Then the oil phase in mass ratio after oxidation reaction：Water is 1:0.8-1.2, stirs 2-3h, stratification 1-
2h, repeats 2-3 time.
4. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of from peanut cake extract peanut oil high oil recovery production technology, it is characterised in that：
The modified activated carbon is that activated carbon is obtained by adding load process, and described adding carries the mixing being processed as to deionized water and dense HCl
Add FeCl3 solids and powdered active carbon some in solution, stir, the modified active of FeCl3 dippings is obtained after drying
Carbon adsorbent.
5. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of from peanut cake extract peanut oil high oil recovery production technology, it is characterised in that：
The step 2）In separation of solid and liquid be by centrifuge separate.
6. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of from peanut cake extract peanut oil high oil recovery production technology, it is characterised in that：
The step 3）In vapo(u)rizing temperature be 80～90 DEG C.
7. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of from peanut cake extract peanut oil high oil recovery production technology, it is characterised in that：
The step 4）Middle distillation bottom liquid is 5 with the optimum quality ratio of ethanol, the mixture of water：1.2, the mixture of the second alcohol and water
Middle ethanol, the optimum quality ratio of water are 1:0.5.
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| CN201710011946.1A CN106635406A (en) | 2017-01-08 | 2017-01-08 | High-oil-yield production process for extracting peanut oil from peanut cake |
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Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1196187A (en) * | 1997-04-15 | 1998-10-21 | 武汉食品工业学院 | Method for preparing peanut condensed protein using mixed solvent |
| CN101161784A (en) * | 2007-11-22 | 2008-04-16 | 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所 | Method for extracting conversion biodiesel from oil pressing cake |
| CN103468396A (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2013-12-25 | 东北农业大学 | Novel mixed solvent used for digesting soybean oil |
| CN104371822A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-02-25 | 齐鲁工业大学 | Extraction method of millet bran crude oil |
| CN104449395A (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2015-03-25 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Desulfurization deordorization refining method of crude sulfate turpentine |
-
2017
- 2017-01-08 CN CN201710011946.1A patent/CN106635406A/en active Pending
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1196187A (en) * | 1997-04-15 | 1998-10-21 | 武汉食品工业学院 | Method for preparing peanut condensed protein using mixed solvent |
| CN101161784A (en) * | 2007-11-22 | 2008-04-16 | 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所 | Method for extracting conversion biodiesel from oil pressing cake |
| CN104449395A (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2015-03-25 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Desulfurization deordorization refining method of crude sulfate turpentine |
| CN103468396A (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2013-12-25 | 东北农业大学 | Novel mixed solvent used for digesting soybean oil |
| CN104371822A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-02-25 | 齐鲁工业大学 | Extraction method of millet bran crude oil |
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