CN106635201B - A kind of wax crystal dispersing agent and the diesel pour inhibitor prepared by its compounding and application method - Google Patents

A kind of wax crystal dispersing agent and the diesel pour inhibitor prepared by its compounding and application method Download PDF

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CN106635201B
CN106635201B CN201610954767.7A CN201610954767A CN106635201B CN 106635201 B CN106635201 B CN 106635201B CN 201610954767 A CN201610954767 A CN 201610954767A CN 106635201 B CN106635201 B CN 106635201B
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diesel
wax
wax crystal
diesel oil
acid anhydrides
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CN106635201A (en
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叶世春
胡涛英
严斌
熊靓
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Guangchang Daxin Material Technology Service (shenzhen) Ltd By Share Ltd
Shenzhen Guangchangda Petroleum Additive Co Ltd
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Guangchang Daxin Material Technology Service (shenzhen) Ltd By Share Ltd
Shenzhen Guangchangda Petroleum Additive Co Ltd
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    • C10L1/1963—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and a carboxyl group or salts, anhydrides or esters thereof homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having one carbon bond to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical or of salts, anhydrides or esters thereof mono-carboxylic
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    • C10L2270/00—Specifically adapted fuels
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    • C10L2270/026—Specifically adapted fuels for internal combustion engines for diesel engines, e.g. automobiles, stationary, marine
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of wax crystal dispersing agent as compounded diesel oil pour-point depressant component and its preparation and use, belong to oil dope field.Diesel wax crystal dispersant of the present invention is by acid anhydrides elder generation and monohydric alcohol, phenol or monoamine esterification by ring opening or amidatioon, dock and be made with polyalcohol, polyamine or hydramine again, have the advantages that synthesis technique is simple, cost of investment is low, three-waste pollution is few, product and oil product and other additive compatibility are good, using effect is good.Present invention also offers the Compositional type diesel pour inhibitor containing above-mentioned wax crystal dispersing agent, the agent can significantly reduce cold filter point of diesel oil, especially pronounced for the high domestic diesel oil depression effeCt of paraffin content.

Description

A kind of wax crystal dispersing agent and the diesel pour inhibitor prepared by its compounding and application method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of wax crystal dispersing agent as compounded diesel oil pour-point depressant component and its preparation and use, belongs to oil Product additive agent field.
Background technology
China's diesel oil is in short supply in recent years, and one side vehicle guaranteeding organic quantity continues to increase, to the demand of diesel oil year by year Increase, domestic and international refinery is cut into the method for diesel oil to carry generally using widening diesel oil distillate, by part wax oil fraction deep High production of diesel oil；On the other hand as petroleum resources increasingly in poor quality, refinery have more used mink cell focus, the bavin of refining is caused Petroleum paraffin hydrocarbon constituent content significantly rises, and a resulting consequence is that the low temperature flowability of diesel oil is deteriorated.Diesel oil exists Why lost flowability under low temperature condition is due to that diesel oil can separate out a certain amount of wax (i.e. n-alkane), and shape in low temperature It is brilliant into wax.With the further reduction of temperature, wax crystalline substance is grown up rapidly, forms plane crystallization, these crystallizations interconnect, finally Tridimensional network is formed, oil is lost flowability and curdled appearance is presented oil parcel wherein, wax crystalline substance can also block filter screen, Whole diesel engine is set not use.
An effective ways for solving the problems, such as diesel low-temperature liquidity be toward diesel oil in add a small amount of pour-point depressant (Pour Point Depressant, PPD).Diesel pour inhibitor is also known as low temperature flow improver for diesel fuel, can significantly change the knot of wax in diesel oil Crystalline form state and structure.Brilliant Pu one of wax is formed, and pour-point depressant will separate out or adsorb on wax crystalline substance surface jointly with wax crystalline substance, prevent the brilliant length of wax Greatly, to reduce the condensation point of diesel oil and cold filter plugging point, research of cold flow properties of diesel fuel is improved.
The diesel pour inhibitor species researched and developed both at home and abroad at present is various, mainly there is ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, vinyl acetate Ester and fumarate copolymer, Voncoat R 3310, the nitrogenous oxysulfide of polarity and alkylaromatic hydrocarbon class etc..China is to diesel oil The research of pour-point depressant is started late, at present domestic-developed and it is commonly used be EVA series of products.It is this kind of The diesel oil that pour-point depressant is low to wax content and cut is narrow has a preferable depression effeCt, and to wax content is high and cut is wide diesel oil pour point depression DeGrain.Because the wax of different crystalline temperatures requires the alkyl chain eutectic therewith of different length, when wax carbon distribution not Concentrate, when having a considerable amount of low-carbon waxes and high carbowax, oil product is to the sensitivity of pour-point depressant with regard to poor.Wax crystal dispersing agent is a kind of Low molecular compound containing long alkane chain and polar group, can be acted synergistically with pour-point depressant prevents wax crystalline substance molecule from reuniting.Work as bavin In oil during wax crystallization, the long alkane chain of wax crystal dispersing agent and wax eutectic and polar group poisons wax crystalline substance, can be formed wax countless small Crystallization, and the absorption of the major constituent long chain alkane of pour-point depressant is in these little crystallization surfaces, generation absorption eutectic, the crystalline phase interconnection of suppression wax Form network structure, so that wax crystalline substance fine dispersion improves the low temperature flowability of diesel oil in diesel oil.
The content of the invention
It is brilliant scattered the invention provides a kind of wax as compounded diesel oil pour-point depressant component for overcome the deficiencies in the prior art Agent and its preparation and use.The Diesel wax crystal dispersant is by acid anhydrides elder generation and monohydric alcohol, phenol or monoamine esterification by ring opening or acid amides Change, then dock and be made with polyalcohol, polyamine or hydramine.Present invention also offers the Compositional type bavin containing above-mentioned wax crystal dispersing agent Oily pour-point depressant, the agent can significantly reduce cold filter point of diesel oil, improve low temperature flowability, be fitted for the high domestic diesel oil of paraffin content Answering property is relatively strong, significant effect.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
I) acid anhydrides and aromatic solvent are added in reactor, are heated to dissolving, 1~1.2 times of acid anhydrides molal quantity of addition Monohydric alcohol, phenol or monoamine, then 80~120 DEG C are warming up to, react 2~10 hours, obtain among polynary acid monoester or monoamides Body.
Described acid anhydrides is one kind of phthalic anhydride, apple acid anhydrides or citric anhydride.
Described monohydric alcohol be carbon number between 8~24 primary alconol or secondary alcohol.
Described phenol is to meet one kind in the molecule of following structural formula：
Wherein R1For carbon number between 4~18 straight chain or with branched alkyl.
Described monoamine be carbon number between 8~36 primary amine or secondary amine.
Ii polyalcohol, amine or the alcamines material of 1~1.2 times of acid anhydrides molal quantity) are added into above-mentioned reactant mixture, is risen Temperature is reacted 2~10 hours, is then evaporated under reduced pressure under the conditions of vacuum -0.1MPa, 60~100 DEG C of temperature to 130~160 DEG C Except solvent obtains final product Diesel wax crystal dispersant.
Described polyalcohol be glycerine, pentaerythrite, xylitol, sorbierite or meet in the molecule of following structural formula one Kind：
HO(CH2CHR2O)mH, m=1~8, R2For hydrogen, methyl or ethyl.
Described polyamine is to meet one kind in the molecule of following structural formula：
H2N(CH2)nNH2, n=2~6, or
H2N(CH2CHR3NH)n’H, n '=1~8, R3For hydrogen, methyl or ethyl.
Described alcamines material is to meet one kind in the molecule of following structural formula：
H2N(CH2)kOH, k=4~24, or
HO(CH2)k’NH(CH2)k”OH, k '+k "=8~36.
Present invention also offers a kind of Compositional type diesel pour inhibitor, by above-mentioned Diesel wax crystal dispersant, ethene-vinyl acetate Ester copolymer, ethylene-stryene-vinylacetate-maleate copolymer, synergist and heavy aromatics composition, each component content For：
Described ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer molecular weight is between 2000~8000.
Described ethylene-stryene-vinylacetate-maleate copolymer molecular weight is between 3000~6000.
Further, described synergist is one kind in span 20, span 40, sorbester p18 or sorbester p17.
Compounded diesel oil pour-point depressant of the present invention can be added to diesel oil when using by 500~1000ppm's (mass ratio) plus dosage In.
The present invention has substantive distinguishing features prominent as follows and marked improvement compared with prior art：
The present invention using common response kettle atmospheric low-temperature synthesis wax crystal dispersing agent, by acid anhydrides first with monohydric alcohol, phenol or unitary Amine esterification by ring opening or amidatioon, then dock with polyalcohol, polyamine or hydramine and to be made, have that synthesis technique is simple, cost of investment It is low, three-waste pollution is few, product and oil product and other the advantages that additive compatibility is good, using effect is good, be that country encourages and helped The energy-conserving and environment-protective industry project held.
Compositional type pour-point depressant active component of the present invention contains ester group, amide groups, amino or hydroxyl isopolarity group and parent The alkyl of oiliness, nucleation is on the one hand played, wax in diesel oil is formed countless little crystallizations, on the other hand nonpolar long alkane Base produces eutectic with the paraffin in diesel oil, and polar group absorption prevents crystal fine particle phase in wax crystalline substance surface, the repulsive interaction of electric charge It is mutually close.Ethylene-stryene-vinylacetate-maleate copolymer is independent development compound in formula, nonpolar branch Alkyl group plays the crystal seed effect for providing wax crystallization, and the ester group of vinylacetate and maleate can provide polarity segment, resistance Only wax crystalline substance continues to grow up, and has very strong complementary effect with EVA.In addition, synergist is a kind of surface-active Agent, by increasing capacitance it is possible to increase the intersolubility between each component, add present invention compounding pour-point depressant more stable and not stratified after diesel oil.This Invention pour-point depressant can significantly reduce cold filter point of diesel oil, improve low temperature flowability, be adapted to for the high domestic diesel oil of paraffin content Stronger, the significant effect of property.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail by following examples, but the technology contents described in the present embodiment are illustrative, and It is not limited, protection scope of the present invention should not be limited to according to this.
Example 1
148 grams of phthalic anhydrides and 900 milliliters of dimethylbenzene are added in the reactor equipped with agitator and condenser pipe, It is heated to dissolving, adds 548 grams of double hydrogenated-tallow group amine, be continuously heating to 110 DEG C, react 9 hours；Add 200 Keshan pears Alcohol, 130 DEG C are warming up to, react 8 hours, be then evaporated under reduced pressure under the conditions of vacuum -0.1MPa, 60~100 DEG C of temperature except molten Agent obtains 912 grams of wax crystal dispersing agent products.
Example 2
148 grams of phthalic anhydrides and 800 milliliters of mixed trimethylbenzenes are added to the reactor equipped with agitator and condenser pipe In, it is heated to dissolving, adds 249 grams of nonyl phenols, be continuously heating to 100 DEG C, reacts 7 hours；Add 140 to restrain oneself diamines, rise Temperature is reacted 6 hours, is then evaporated under reduced pressure under the conditions of vacuum -0.1MPa, 60~100 DEG C of temperature except solvent obtains to 150 DEG C 512 grams of wax crystal dispersing agent products.
Example 3
192 grams of citric anhydrides and 1000 milliliters of mixed durenes are added in the reactor equipped with agitator and condenser pipe, It is heated to dissolving, adds 269 grams of octadecylamines, be continuously heating to 90 DEG C, reacts 5 hours；Add 450 grams of polypropylene glycol (molecules 400) amount, is warming up to 160 DEG C, react 9 hours, be then evaporated under reduced pressure under the conditions of vacuum -0.1MPa, 60~100 DEG C of temperature Except solvent obtains 905 grams of wax crystal dispersing agent products.
Example 4
148 grams of phthalic anhydrides and 800 milliliters of dimethylbenzene are added in the reactor equipped with agitator and condenser pipe, It is heated to dissolving, adds 243 grams of tetradecyl alchohols, be continuously heating to 120 DEG C, reacts 5 hours；123 grams of diethanol amine are added, are heated up To 140 DEG C, react 6 hours, be then evaporated under reduced pressure under the conditions of vacuum -0.1MPa, 60~100 DEG C of temperature except solvent obtains 522 grams of wax crystal dispersing agent products.
Example 5
148 grams of phthalic anhydrides and 700 milliliters of mixed trimethylbenzenes are added to the reactor equipped with agitator and condenser pipe In, it is heated to dissolving, adds 280 grams of octadecyl alcolols, be continuously heating to 105 DEG C, reacts 4 hours；Add 225 gram of four ethene five Amine, 150 DEG C are warming up to, react 7 hours, be then evaporated under reduced pressure under the conditions of vacuum -0.1MPa, 60~100 DEG C of temperature except molten Agent obtains 646 grams of wax crystal dispersing agent products.
Example 6
The wax crystal dispersing agent that examples detailed above 1~5 is obtained and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), ethene-benzene second Alkene-vinylacetate-maleate copolymer, sorbester p17, heavy aromatics press 20%：32%：5%：1%：42% mass ratio enters Row compounding, is then added in diesel oil to be measured by 800ppm's (mass ratio) plus dosage, with blank and only adds traditional pour-point depressant EVA diesel oil makees reference, by SH/T0248-92 method test sample cold filter plugging points (CFPP), the results are shown in Table 1.
The collaboration depression effeCt of the wax crystal dispersing agent of table 1 and pour-point depressant to diesel oil
It was found from the data of table 1, after adding present invention compounding pour-point depressant, cold filter plugging point can be made to reduce by 11~17 DEG C, than only adding Enter EVA reduces 2~8 DEG C more, illustrates that wax crystal dispersing agent and traditional pour-point depressant EVA have obvious cooperative effect, improves diesel oil Low temperature flowability is excellent.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of preparation method of Diesel wax crystal dispersant, it is characterised in that described dispersant is prepared via a method which：
I) acid anhydrides and aromatic solvent are added in reactor, are heated to dissolving, add the unitary of 1~1.2 times of acid anhydrides molal quantity Alcohol, phenol or monoamine, then 80~120 DEG C are warming up to, react 2~10 hours, obtain polynary acid monoester or monoamides intermediate；
Described acid anhydrides is one kind in phthalic anhydride, apple acid anhydrides or citric anhydride；
Described monohydric alcohol be carbon number between 8~24 primary alconol or secondary alcohol；
Described phenol is to meet one kind in the molecule of following structural formula：
Wherein R1For carbon number between 4~18 straight chain or with branched alkyl；
Described monoamine be carbon number between 8~36 primary amine or secondary amine；
Ii polyalcohol, polyamine or the hydramine of 1~1.2 times of acid anhydrides molal quantity) are added into above-mentioned reactant, it is warming up to 130~ 160 DEG C, react 2~10 hours, be then evaporated under reduced pressure under the conditions of vacuum -0.1MPa, 60~100 DEG C of temperature except solvent obtains Diesel wax crystal dispersant；
Described polyalcohol is glycerine, pentaerythrite, xylitol, sorbierite or meets one kind in the molecule of following structural formula：
HO(CH2CHR2O)mH, m=1~8, R2For hydrogen, methyl or ethyl；
Described polyamine is to meet one kind in the molecule of following structural formula：
H2N(CH2)nNH2, n=2~6, or
H2N(CH2CHR3NH)n’H, n '=1~8, R3For hydrogen or methyl；
Described hydramine is to meet one kind in the molecule of following structural formula：
H2N(CH2)kOH, k=4~24, or
HO(CH2)k’NH(CH2)k”OH, k '+k "=8~36.
A kind of 2. Compositional type diesel pour inhibitor, it is characterised in that the diesel wax-crystal prepared by the preparation method using claim 1 Dispersant, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-stryene-vinylacetate-maleate copolymer, synergist and again Aromatic hydrocarbons forms, and each component content is：
Described ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer molecular weight is between 2000~8000；
Described ethylene-stryene-vinylacetate-maleate copolymer molecular weight is between 3000~6000.
3. Compositional type diesel pour inhibitor as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described synergist is span 20, sapn 40th, one kind in sorbester p18 or sorbester p17.
4. a kind of application method of Compositional type diesel pour inhibitor as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that by described compounding Type diesel pour inhibitor is added in diesel oil by 500~1000ppm's plus dosage.
CN201610954767.7A 2016-10-27 2016-10-27 A kind of wax crystal dispersing agent and the diesel pour inhibitor prepared by its compounding and application method Active CN106635201B (en)

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