CN106635201A - Wax crystal dispersing agent, diesel oil pour point depressant prepared via complex preparation of wax crystal dispersing agent, and application method of diesel oil pour point depressant - Google Patents

Wax crystal dispersing agent, diesel oil pour point depressant prepared via complex preparation of wax crystal dispersing agent, and application method of diesel oil pour point depressant Download PDF

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CN106635201A
CN106635201A CN201610954767.7A CN201610954767A CN106635201A CN 106635201 A CN106635201 A CN 106635201A CN 201610954767 A CN201610954767 A CN 201610954767A CN 106635201 A CN106635201 A CN 106635201A
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diesel oil
dispersing agent
wax crystal
point depressant
wax
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CN106635201B (en
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叶世春
胡涛英
严斌
熊靓
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Guangchang Daxin Material Technology Service (shenzhen) Ltd By Share Ltd
Shenzhen Guangchangda Petroleum Additive Co Ltd
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Guangchang Daxin Material Technology Service (shenzhen) Ltd By Share Ltd
Shenzhen Guangchangda Petroleum Additive Co Ltd
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    • C10L1/196—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and a carboxyl group or salts, anhydrides or esters thereof homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having one carbon bond to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical or of salts, anhydrides or esters thereof
    • C10L1/1963—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and a carboxyl group or salts, anhydrides or esters thereof homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having one carbon bond to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical or of salts, anhydrides or esters thereof mono-carboxylic
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    • C10L2270/00—Specifically adapted fuels
    • C10L2270/02—Specifically adapted fuels for internal combustion engines
    • C10L2270/026—Specifically adapted fuels for internal combustion engines for diesel engines, e.g. automobiles, stationary, marine
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Abstract

The invention relates to a wax crystal dispersing agent which can be taken as an ingredient of a compound diesel oil pour point depressant, and preparation and applications thereof, and belongs to the field of oil product additive. The wax crystal dispersing agent is preparation via following steps: an anhydrideis subjected to ring opening esterification or amidation with a monohydric alcohol, a phenol, or a monoamine; and then joining with a polyhydric alcohol, a polyamine, or an alcohol amine is realized so as to obtain the finished product. Synthesis technology is simple; investment cost is low; less three wastes pollution is caused; the compatibility of the finished product with oil products and other additives is excellent; and utilization effect is excellent. The invention also provides the compound wax crystal dispersing agent containing the wax crystal dispersing agent; the compound wax crystal dispersing agent is capable of reducing the cold filter point of diesel oil effectively, and pour point depressing effect on domestic diesel oil high in wax content is especially excellent.

Description

A kind of wax crystal dispersing agent and the diesel pour inhibitor prepared by its compounding and using method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of wax crystal dispersing agent as compounded diesel oil pour-point depressant component and its prepare and use, belong to oil Product additive agent field.
Background technology
In recent years China's diesel oil is in short supply, and one side vehicle guaranteeding organic quantity continues to increase, to the demand of diesel oil year by year Increase, part wax oil fraction deep is cut into the method for diesel oil to carry by domestic and international refinery generally using widening diesel oil distillate High production of diesel oil；On the other hand as petroleum resources increasingly in poor quality, refinery have more used mink cell focus, the bavin refined is caused Petroleum paraffin hydrocarbon constituent content significantly rises, and a resulting consequence is that the low temperature flowability of diesel oil is deteriorated.Diesel oil exists Why lose flowability under low temperature condition is because diesel oil can separate out a certain amount of wax (i.e. n-alkane), and shape in low temperature It is brilliant into wax.With the further reduction of temperature, wax crystalline substance is grown up rapidly, forms plane crystallization, and these crystallizations interconnect, finally Tridimensional network is formed, is made oil lose flowability and curdled appearance is presented oil parcel wherein, wax crystalline substance can also block filter screen, Whole Diesel engine is set to use.
An effective ways for solving the problems, such as diesel low-temperature liquidity are to add a small amount of pour-point depressant (Pour toward diesel oil Point Depressant, PPD).Diesel pour inhibitor can significantly change the knot of wax in diesel oil also known as low temperature flow improver for diesel fuel Crystalline form state and structure.Wax brilliant Pu one form, and pour-point depressant brilliant with wax will jointly be separated out or adsorbed on wax crystalline substance surface, prevent the brilliant length of wax Greatly, to reduce the condensation point and cold filter plugging point of diesel oil, research of cold flow properties of diesel fuel is improved.
At present both at home and abroad the diesel pour inhibitor species of research and development is various, mainly there is ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, vinyl acetate Ester and fumarate copolymer, Voncoat R 3310, the nitrogenous oxysulfide of polarity and alkylaromatic hydrocarbon class etc..China is to diesel oil The research of pour-point depressant is started late, current domestic-developed and it is commonly used be EVA series of products.It is this kind of The diesel oil that pour-point depressant is low to wax content and cut is narrow has a preferable depression effeCt, and and cut wide diesel oil pour point depression high to wax content DeGrain.This is because the wax of different crystalline temperatures requires the alkyl chain of different length eutectic therewith, when the carbon of wax is distributed not Concentrate, when having a considerable amount of low-carbon (LC) waxes and high carbowax, oil product is just poor to the sensitivity of pour-point depressant.Wax crystal dispersing agent is a class Low molecular compound containing long alkane chain and polar group, can prevent wax crystalline substance molecule from reuniting with pour-point depressant synergy.Work as bavin In oil during wax crystallization, the long alkane chain of wax crystal dispersing agent and wax eutectic and polar group poison that wax is brilliant, form can wax countless little Crystallization, and the absorption of the major constituent long chain alkane of pour-point depressant produces absorption eutectic on these little crystallization surfaces, suppresses the interconnection of wax crystalline phase Form network structure, so that wax crystalline substance fine dispersion improves the low temperature flowability of diesel oil in diesel oil.
The content of the invention
To overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of brilliant dispersion of wax as compounded diesel oil pour-point depressant component Agent and its prepare and use.The Diesel wax crystal dispersant is by acid anhydrides elder generation and monohydric alcohol, phenol or monoamine esterification by ring opening or acid amides Change, then dock with polyalcohol, polyamine or hydramine prepared.Present invention also offers the Compositional type bavin containing above-mentioned wax crystal dispersing agent Oily pour-point depressant, the agent can significantly reduce cold filter point of diesel oil, improve low temperature flowability, and the domestic diesel oil high for paraffin content is fitted Answering property relatively strong, effect is significant.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
I) acid anhydrides and aromatic solvent are added in reactor, are heated to dissolving, 1～1.2 times of acid anhydrides molal quantity of addition Monohydric alcohol, phenol or monoamine, then it is warming up to 80～120 DEG C, react 2～10 hours, obtain in the middle of polynary acid monoester or monoamides Body.
Described acid anhydrides is one kind of phthalic anhydride, apple acid anhydrides or citric anhydride.
Described monohydric alcohol is primary alconol or secondary alcohol of the carbon number between 8～24.
Described phenol is to meet the one kind in the molecule of following structural formula：
Wherein R1Be carbon number between 4～18 straight chain or band branched alkyl.
Described monoamine is primary amine or secondary amine of the carbon number between 8～36.
Ii polyalcohol, amine or the alcamines material of 1～1.2 times of acid anhydrides molal quantity) are added in above-mentioned reactant mixture, is risen Temperature is reacted 2～10 hours, the then vacuum distillation under the conditions of vacuum -0.1MPa, 60～100 DEG C of temperature to 130～160 DEG C Except solvent obtains final product Diesel wax crystal dispersant.
Described polyalcohol be glycerine, pentaerythrite, xylitol, sorbierite or meet in the molecule of following structural formula one Kind：
HO(CH2CHR2O)mH, m=1～8, R2For hydrogen, methyl or ethyl.
Described polyamine is to meet the one kind in the molecule of following structural formula：
H2N(CH2)nNH2, n=2～6, or
H2N(CH2CHR3NH)n’H, n '=1～8, R3For hydrogen, methyl or ethyl.
Described alcamines material is to meet the one kind in the molecule of following structural formula：
H2N(CH2)kOH, k=4～24, or
HO(CH2)k’NH(CH2)k”OH, k '+k "=8～36.
Present invention also offers a kind of Compositional type diesel pour inhibitor, by above-mentioned Diesel wax crystal dispersant, ethene-vinyl acetate Ester copolymer, ethylene-stryene-vinylacetate-maleate copolymer, synergist and heavy aromatics composition, each component content For：
Described ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer molecular weight is between 2000～8000.
Described ethylene-stryene-vinylacetate-maleate copolymer molecular weight is between 3000～6000.
Further, described synergist is the one kind in span 20, span 40, sorbester p18 or sorbester p17.
Compounded diesel oil pour-point depressant of the present invention can be added to diesel oil when using by 500～1000ppm's (mass ratio) plus dosage In.
The present invention has compared with prior art following prominent substantive distinguishing features and marked improvement：
The present invention synthesizes wax crystal dispersing agent using common response kettle atmospheric low-temperature, by acid anhydrides first with monohydric alcohol, phenol or unitary Amine esterification by ring opening or amidatioon, then dock with polyalcohol, polyamine or hydramine and be obtained, with synthesis technique is simple, cost of investment Low, three-waste pollution is few, product and oil product and other the advantages of additive compatibility is good, using effect is good, be that country encourages and helps The energy-conserving and environment-protective industry project held.
Compositional type pour-point depressant active component of the present invention contains ester group, amide groups, amino or hydroxyl isopolarity group and parent The alkyl of oiliness, on the one hand plays nucleation, makes wax in diesel oil form countless little crystallizations, on the other hand nonpolar long alkane Base produces eutectic with the paraffin in diesel oil, and polar group absorption prevents crystal fine particle phase in wax crystalline substance surface, the repulsive interaction of electric charge It is mutually close.In formula ethylene-stryene-vinylacetate-maleate copolymer be independent development compound, nonpolar Alkyl group plays the crystal seed effect for providing wax crystallization, and the ester group of vinylacetate and maleate can provide polarity segment, resistance Only wax crystalline substance continues to grow up, and has very strong complementary effect with EVA.In addition, synergist is a kind of surface-active Agent, by increasing capacitance it is possible to increase the intersolubility between each component, adds present invention compounding pour-point depressant more stable and not stratified after diesel oil.This Invention pour-point depressant can significantly reduce cold filter point of diesel oil, improve low temperature flowability, and the domestic diesel oil high for paraffin content is adapted to Stronger, the effect is significant of property.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail by following examples, but the technology contents described in the present embodiment are illustrative, and It is not determinate, protection scope of the present invention should not be limited to according to this.
Example 1
148 grams of phthalic anhydrides and 900 milliliters of dimethylbenzene are added in the reactor equipped with agitator and condenser pipe, Dissolving is heated to, 548 grams of double hydrogenated-tallow group amine are added, 110 DEG C are continuously heating to, is reacted 9 hours；Add 200 Keshan pears Alcohol, is warming up to 130 DEG C, reacts 8 hours, and then vacuum distillation removes molten under the conditions of vacuum -0.1MPa, 60～100 DEG C of temperature Agent obtains 912 grams of wax crystal dispersing agent products.
Example 2
148 grams of phthalic anhydrides and 800 milliliters of mixed trimethylbenzenes are added to into the reactor equipped with agitator and condenser pipe In, dissolving is heated to, 249 grams of nonyl phenols are added, 100 DEG C are continuously heating to, react 7 hours；Add 140 to restrain oneself diamines, rise Temperature is reacted 6 hours to 150 DEG C, and then vacuum distillation is obtained except solvent under the conditions of vacuum -0.1MPa, 60～100 DEG C of temperature 512 grams of wax crystal dispersing agent products.
Example 3
192 grams of citric anhydrides and 1000 milliliters of mixed durenes are added in the reactor equipped with agitator and condenser pipe, Dissolving is heated to, 269 grams of octadecylamines are added, 90 DEG C are continuously heating to, is reacted 5 hours；Add 450 grams of polypropylene glycol (molecules 400) amount, is warming up to 160 DEG C, reacts 9 hours, the then vacuum distillation under the conditions of vacuum -0.1MPa, 60～100 DEG C of temperature Except solvent obtains 905 grams of wax crystal dispersing agent products.
Example 4
148 grams of phthalic anhydrides and 800 milliliters of dimethylbenzene are added in the reactor equipped with agitator and condenser pipe, Dissolving is heated to, 243 grams of tetradecyl alchohols are added, 120 DEG C are continuously heating to, is reacted 5 hours；123 grams of diethanol amine are added, is heated up To 140 DEG C, react 6 hours, then vacuum distillation is obtained except solvent under the conditions of vacuum -0.1MPa, 60～100 DEG C of temperature 522 grams of wax crystal dispersing agent products.
Example 5
148 grams of phthalic anhydrides and 700 milliliters of mixed trimethylbenzenes are added to into the reactor equipped with agitator and condenser pipe In, dissolving is heated to, 280 grams of octadecyl alcolols are added, 105 DEG C are continuously heating to, react 4 hours；Add 225 gram of four ethene five Amine, is warming up to 150 DEG C, reacts 7 hours, and then vacuum distillation removes molten under the conditions of vacuum -0.1MPa, 60～100 DEG C of temperature Agent obtains 646 grams of wax crystal dispersing agent products.
Example 6
The wax crystal dispersing agent that examples detailed above 1～5 is obtained and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), ethene-benzene second Alkene-vinylacetate-maleate copolymer, sorbester p17, heavy aromatics press 20%：32%：5%：1%：42% mass ratio enters Go and compound, be then added in diesel oil to be measured by 800ppm's (mass ratio) plus dosage, with blank and only addition tradition pour-point depressant The diesel oil of EVA makees reference, by SH/T0248-92 methods test sample cold filter plugging point (CFPP), the results are shown in Table 1.
The collaboration depression effeCt of the wax crystal dispersing agent of table 1 and pour-point depressant to diesel oil
Knowable to the data of table 1, after adding present invention compounding pour-point depressant, cold filter plugging point can be made to reduce by 11～17 DEG C, than only adding Enter and reduce 2～8 DEG C EVA more, illustrate that wax crystal dispersing agent has obvious cooperative effect with tradition pour-point depressant EVA, improve diesel oil Low temperature flowability is excellent.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of preparation method of Diesel wax crystal dispersant, it is characterised in that described dispersant is prepared via a method which：
I) acid anhydrides and aromatic solvent are added in reactor, are heated to dissolving, add the unitary of 1～1.2 times of acid anhydrides molal quantity Alcohol, phenol or monoamine, then it is warming up to 80～120 DEG C, react 2～10 hours, obtain polynary acid monoester or monoamides intermediate；
Described acid anhydrides is the one kind in phthalic anhydride, apple acid anhydrides or citric anhydride；
Described monohydric alcohol is primary alconol or secondary alcohol of the carbon number between 8～24；
Described phenol is to meet the one kind in the molecule of following structural formula：
Wherein R1Be carbon number between 4～18 straight chain or band branched alkyl；
Described monoamine is primary amine or secondary amine of the carbon number between 8～36；
Ii the polyalcohol of 1～1.2 times of acid anhydrides molal quantity, polyamine or hydramine) are added in above-mentioned reactant, it is warming up to 130～ 160 DEG C, react 2～10 hours, then vacuum distillation is obtained except solvent under the conditions of vacuum -0.1MPa, 60～100 DEG C of temperature Diesel wax crystal dispersant；
Described polyalcohol is glycerine, pentaerythrite, xylitol, sorbierite or meets one kind in the molecule of following structural formula：
HO(CH2CHR2O)mH, m=1～8, R2For hydrogen, methyl or ethyl；
Described polyamine is to meet the one kind in the molecule of following structural formula：
H2N(CH2)nNH2, n=2～6, or
H2N(CH2CHR3NH)n’H, n '=1～8, R3For hydrogen or methyl；
Described hydramine is to meet the one kind in the molecule of following structural formula：
H2N(CH2)kOH, k=4～24, or
HO(CH2)k’NH(CH2)k”OH, k '+k "=8～36.
2. a kind of Compositional type diesel pour inhibitor, it is characterised in that by Diesel wax crystal dispersant, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, Ethylene-stryene-vinylacetate-maleate copolymer, synergist and heavy aromatics are constituted, and each component content is：
Described ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer molecular weight is between 2000～8000；
Described ethylene-stryene-vinylacetate-maleate copolymer molecular weight is between 3000～6000.
3. Compositional type diesel pour inhibitor as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described synergist is span 20, sapn 40th, one kind in sorbester p18 or sorbester p17.
4. a kind of using method of compounded diesel oil pour-point depressant, it is characterised in that by described compounded diesel oil pour-point depressant by 500～ The dosage that adds of 1000ppm is added in diesel oil.
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