CN106629936A - Technology and system used for processing waste water - Google Patents
Technology and system used for processing waste water Download PDFInfo
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- CN106629936A CN106629936A CN201510729878.3A CN201510729878A CN106629936A CN 106629936 A CN106629936 A CN 106629936A CN 201510729878 A CN201510729878 A CN 201510729878A CN 106629936 A CN106629936 A CN 106629936A
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Abstract
The invention provides a technology and a system used for processing waste water. The system comprise a waste water preheater, a first effect evaporator, a second effect evaporator, a vapour compressor, a condensed water collector, and a noncondensable gas compressor. The invention also provides the technology used for processing waste water using the system. The waste water processing technology and the system are safe and reliable; equipment is simple; operation cost is low; energy saving effect is obvious; and 50 to 95% of water resource can be recycled.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental protection and field of energy-saving technology, specifically concentration saliferous, the method and apparatus of pbz polymer organic wastewater.
Background technology
High slat-containing wastewater refers to the waste water of total saliferous mass fraction TDS >=1%, typically belongs to used water difficult to degradate.Common high salinity waste water is mainly derived from waste water and industrial production wastewater of seawater substitute discharge etc..The desalting processing technique of high slat-containing wastewater mainly has electroosmose process, hyperfiltration, ion-exchange and evaporation.Organic wastewater is mainly derived from the fields such as chemical industry, road deicing, food processing, also including dyeing waste water, oil exploitation and processing waste water, paper waste and pesticide industry waste water etc..The total amount of high salt organic waste water is huge and increases year by year.If do not processed it before discharge, the soluble inorganic salt of Coal Gas Washing Cycling Water and the toxic organic compound of difficult degradation can cause serious environmental pollution, and soil and surface water, underground water are damaged.Therefore, in today of water scarcity, it is very necessary to research and develop effective high salt Technologies for Organic Wastewater Treatment.
In recent years, foreign countries propose and reclaim waste water with the process of function of mechanical steam recompression evaporation technique.Mechanical vapor recompression technology is a Technolqgy for Energy Economizing for reducing energy demand to external world.Its energy-saving principle is：By the indirect steam produced in system through compressor compresses so as to which pressure and temperature rises, enthalpy increases, and instead of the external heat source that must be adopted in original system, and the latent heat of indirect steam is fully used, so as to reach the purpose of technical process energy-conservation.At present, function of mechanical steam recompression system mainly has application in terms of the waste water recycling devices such as saline sewage, oil field reinjection water, pharmacy waste water.
The content of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of technique and system for processing waste water, and waste water treatment process of the present invention and system have the advantages that safe and reliable, equipment is simple, operating cost is low, energy-saving effect is obvious.
The invention provides it is a kind of process waste water system, the system include waste water preheater, 1st effective evaporator, 2nd effect evaporator, vapour compression machine, apparatus for collecting condensed water and fixed gas compressor；Wherein wastewater feed pipeline Jing waste water preheater is connected with the waterwater entrance of 1st effective evaporator, the steam (vapor) outlet of 1st effective evaporator is connected with the entrance of vapour compression machine, the outlet of vapour compression machine is connected with the heat source stream entrance of 2nd effect evaporator, the gaseous phase outlet of 2nd effect evaporator is connected with the heat source stream entrance of 1st effective evaporator, the fixed gas outlet Jing fixed gases compressor of 1st effective evaporator is connected with the auxiliary steam entrance of 2nd effect evaporator, the concentrate floss hole Jing pipelines of 1st effective evaporator bottom are connected with the charging aperture of 2nd effect evaporator, the concentrated solution outlet Jing pipelines of 2nd effect evaporator bottom are connected with waste water preheater, the condensation water outlet of 1st effective evaporator and the condensation water outlet Jing pipelines of 2nd effect evaporator are connected with apparatus for collecting condensed water, the floss hole of apparatus for collecting condensed water is connected with waste water preheater.
In the system for processing waste water of the present invention, the steam (vapor) outlet of the 1st effective evaporator makes up line with setting steam in the entrance connecting pipeline of vapour compression machine.
In the system for processing waste water of the present invention, the fixed gas outlet of the 1st effective evaporator makes up line with setting fixed gas in the entrance connecting pipeline of fixed gas compressor.
In the system for processing waste water of the present invention, the fixed gas compressor can be displacement type compressor, turbo type compressor or heating power type compressor.
In the system for processing waste water of the present invention, described vapour compression machine can adopt any one in centrifugal compressor, screw compressor, reciprocating compressor and centrifugal high pressure fan；The compression ratio of the vapour compression machine is 1.3 ~ 2.0, preferably 1.4 ~ 1.7.
In the system for processing waste water of the present invention, the waste water preheater can adopt shell-and-tube heat exchanger, heat-pipe heat exchanger, plate type heat exchanger or lamella heat exchanger, it is preferred to use plate type heat exchanger.
In the system for processing waste water of the present invention, described 1st effective evaporator can adopt any one in climbing film evaporator, falling film evaporator, horizontal tube evaporator and plate-type evaporator.
In the system for processing waste water of the present invention, the concrete structure of described 2nd effect evaporator is as follows, the 2nd effect evaporator includes upper cover, housing, low head, the upper cover is provided with gas vent, the low head is provided with concentrated solution outlet, and the housing includes vapor-liquid separation section, material distribution section, evaporator section and liquid storage section according to liquid phase material flow direction；Housing above the material distribution section is provided with charging aperture, the evaporator section includes upper perforated plate, evaporation tube, lower perforated plate and gripper shoe, the upper perforated plate and lower perforated plate are fixed on the inwall of housing, the evaporation tube is through upper perforated plate and lower perforated plate, the evaporation tube is vertically arranged in the evaporator section, gripper shoe is provided with below the lower perforated plate, the lower perforated plate is fixedly connected with gripper shoe, the housing of the evaporator section is provided with heating steam inlet and condensate outlet, and the housing of the liquid storage section is provided with auxiliary steam entrance.
In above-mentioned 2nd effect evaporator, demisting facility is provided with the gas-liquid separation section, is specifically as follows any one in woven wire demister, fiber mist eliminator and deflection plate demister.
In above-mentioned 2nd effect evaporator, the charging aperture is connected with feed pipe, and feed distributor is connected with the feed pipe, and the feed distributor can be tubular type, double-deck comb, slot type, disc type, impact type, nozzle-type, pagoda type, shower nozzle type, combined type etc..
In above-mentioned 2nd effect evaporator, filler is filled with the evaporation tube, described filler can be ceramic material or metal material, preferably ceramic material；Described filler shape can be bar-shaped for Raschig ring, Pall ring, cascade ring, cellular or wolf's fang.
In above-mentioned 2nd effect evaporator, the evaporator section is fixedly connected with liquid storage section, specifically can be connected using flange, and the gripper shoe is located in the middle of flange connection.
In above-mentioned 2nd effect evaporator, multiple holes are provided with the gripper shoe, the diameter in the hole is less than the diameter of filler in evaporation tube, a diameter of 2mm～5mm in the hole.
In above-mentioned 2nd effect evaporator, the gripper shoe is fixedly connected with the lower perforated plate of evaporator section, is in close contact by the adpting flange of evaporator section and liquid storage section, by the adpting flange for dismantling evaporator section and liquid storage section, gripper shoe and lower perforated plate can be unclamped, in order to dismounting and change filler.
In above-mentioned 2nd effect evaporator, the material is distributed section built with filler, and described filler can be consistent with filler in evaporation tube.
In above-mentioned 2nd effect evaporator, the auxiliary steam can be air, nitrogen, steam etc., preferred steam.
In above-mentioned 2nd effect evaporator, the height of the material distribution section is 1 ~ 1.5 times that material is distributed section diameter.
In above-mentioned 2nd effect evaporator, the height of the gas-liquid separation section is 1 ~ 1.5 times of gas-liquid separation section diameter.
In above-mentioned 2nd effect evaporator, the height of the liquid storage section is 1 ~ 2 times of liquid storage section diameter.
In above-mentioned 2nd effect evaporator, fixed gas is entered in 2nd effect evaporator by the auxiliary steam entrance of 2nd effect evaporator, evaporation tube is flowed through in 2nd effect evaporator, with waste water mass-and heat-transfer from top to bottom, meanwhile, in evaporation tube under the disturbance of fixed gas, increase renewal speed of the waste water on filler, and thin film drainage is formed, improve evaporation tube heat transfer speed.The steam produced in evaporation in-tube evaporation and fixed gas are discharged together by the gas vent at the top of 2nd effect evaporator.Plus vapours enters 2nd effect evaporator by steam inlet, condensate is condensed on the outside of evaporation tube and 2nd effect evaporator is discharged by condensate outlet.Waste water is entered in 2nd effect evaporator by the liquor inlet on 2nd effect evaporator top, and concentrate is discharged by the material liquid outlet of 2nd effect evaporator bottom.
The present invention also provides a kind of technique of process waste water, and using said apparatus, the technique includes：
Using waste water preheater, it is used to process raw material waste water, condensate and stripper concentrate, and raw material waste water, condensate and stripper concentrate are exchanged heat in waste water preheater, obtain it is preheated after raw material waste water, cooling condensate and cooling concentrate；
Using 1st effective evaporator, it is used to process the raw material waste water come after waste water preheater preheating of hanging oneself, and the 1st stream, the 2nd stream of liquid phase, fixed gas and the condensate of gas phase are obtained after process；
Using vapour compression machine, it is used to process the 1st stream from 1st effective evaporator, and the 3rd stream of gas phase is obtained after process；
Using fixed gas compressor, it is used to process the fixed gas from 1st effective evaporator, and the 4th stream of gas phase is obtained after process；
Using 2nd effect evaporator, it is used to processing the 2nd stream from 1st effective evaporator, the 3rd stream of vapour compression machine and the 4th stream of fixed gas compressor, and the 5th stream, the 6th stream of liquid phase and the condensate of gas phase are obtained after process；
Using apparatus for collecting condensed water, it is used to receive the condensate of 1st effective evaporator and 2nd effect evaporator.
The present invention is processed in the technique of waste water, raw material waste water in waste water preheater by with condensate, concentrate exchange heat to close to after saturation temperature enter 1st effective evaporator in, it is evaporated in 1st effective evaporator, the steam for obtaining is Jing after vapour compression machine compression, the latent heat of steam is improved, then with compressed steam as 2nd effect evaporator evaporation thermal source.The concentrate of 1st effective evaporator bottom is evaporated in 2nd effect evaporator, and fixed gas is introduced in 2nd effect evaporator as auxiliary steam, improves the mass-and heat-transfer efficiency of 2nd effect evaporator.The steam evaporated in 2nd effect evaporator and the fixed gas being introduced into are mixed in 1st effective evaporator, as the heat source of 1st effective evaporator, its steam is condensed into condensed water, fixed gas is compressed by the fixed gas outlet of 1st effective evaporator into fixed gas compressor, and the fixed gas after compression is recycled in 2nd effect evaporator.The concentrate of 2nd effect evaporator bottom enters heat exchange and reclaims heat in waste water preheater with waste water.
The present invention is processed in the technique of waste water, and raw material waste water is preheated to 90 DEG C～102 DEG C in waste water preheater, preferably 95 DEG C～100 DEG C, subsequently into 1st effective evaporator.
The present invention is processed in the technique of waste water, logarithm heat transfer temperature difference in the 1st effective evaporator, 2nd effect evaporator between steam and waste water be 3 DEG C～10 DEG C, preferably 4 DEG C～8 DEG C, while, the vaporization rate of waste water evaporation is 5%～50%, preferably 10%～40% in the 1st effective evaporator, 2nd effect evaporator.
The present invention is processed in the technique of waste water, when system goes into operation, needs to be gone into operation thermal source as system with the extraneous steam of system, and the steam can be made up line in introducing system by steam；If the steam that system is produced in running can not maintain system thermal to consume quantity of steam, can be made up line introducing steam by steam；If the steam that system is produced in running is more than maintaining system thermal to consume quantity of steam, unnecessary steam can be by supplementary steam pipe line discharge system.
The present invention is processed in the technique of waste water, when system goes into operation, needs the evaporation thermal source as 2nd effect evaporator with the extraneous fixed gas of system.The fixed gas can be air, nitrogen, oxygen etc..
The present invention is processed in the technique of waste water, and described 1st effective evaporator can adopt any one in climbing film evaporator, falling film evaporator, horizontal tube evaporator and plate-type evaporator.
The present invention is processed in the technique of waste water, the concrete structure of described 2nd effect evaporator is as follows, the 2nd effect evaporator includes upper cover, housing, low head, the upper cover is provided with gas vent, the low head is provided with concentrated solution outlet, and the housing includes vapor-liquid separation section, material distribution section, evaporator section and liquid storage section according to liquid phase material flow direction；Housing above the material distribution section is provided with charging aperture, the evaporator section includes upper perforated plate, evaporation tube, lower perforated plate and gripper shoe, the upper perforated plate and lower perforated plate are fixed on the inwall of housing, the evaporation tube is through upper perforated plate and lower perforated plate, the evaporation tube is vertically arranged in the evaporator section, gripper shoe is provided with below the lower perforated plate, the lower perforated plate is fixedly connected with gripper shoe, the housing of the evaporator section is provided with heating steam inlet and condensate outlet, and the housing of the liquid storage section is provided with auxiliary steam entrance.
In above-mentioned 2nd effect evaporator, demisting facility is provided with the gas-liquid separation section, is specifically as follows any one in woven wire demister, fiber mist eliminator and deflection plate demister.
In above-mentioned 2nd effect evaporator, the charging aperture is connected with feed pipe, and feed distributor is connected with the feed pipe, and the feed distributor can be tubular type, double-deck comb, slot type, disc type, impact type, nozzle-type, pagoda type, shower nozzle type, combined type etc..
In above-mentioned 2nd effect evaporator, filler is filled with the evaporation tube, described filler can be ceramic material or metal material, preferably ceramic material；Described filler shape can be bar-shaped for Raschig ring, Pall ring, cascade ring, cellular or wolf's fang.
In above-mentioned 2nd effect evaporator, the evaporator section is fixedly connected with liquid storage section, specifically can be connected using flange, and the gripper shoe is located in the middle of flange connection.
In above-mentioned 2nd effect evaporator, multiple holes are provided with the gripper shoe, the diameter in the hole is less than the diameter of filler in evaporation tube, a diameter of 2mm～5mm in the hole.
In above-mentioned 2nd effect evaporator, the gripper shoe is fixedly connected with the lower perforated plate of evaporator section, is in close contact by the adpting flange of evaporator section and liquid storage section, by the adpting flange for dismantling evaporator section and liquid storage section, gripper shoe and lower perforated plate can be unclamped, in order to dismounting and change filler.
In above-mentioned 2nd effect evaporator, the material is distributed section built with filler, and described filler can be consistent with filler in evaporation tube.
In above-mentioned 2nd effect evaporator, the auxiliary steam can be air, nitrogen, steam etc., preferred steam.
In above-mentioned 2nd effect evaporator, the height of the material distribution section is 1 ~ 1.5 times that material is distributed section diameter.
In above-mentioned 2nd effect evaporator, the height of the gas-liquid separation section is 1 ~ 1.5 times of gas-liquid separation section diameter.
In above-mentioned 2nd effect evaporator, the height of the liquid storage section is 1 ~ 2 times of liquid storage section diameter.
In above-mentioned 2nd effect evaporator, fixed gas is entered in evaporimeter by the auxiliary steam entrance of 2nd effect evaporator bottom, evaporation tube is flowed through in evaporimeter, with waste water mass-and heat-transfer from top to bottom, meanwhile, in evaporation tube under the disturbance of auxiliary steam, increase renewal speed of the waste water on filler, and thin film drainage is formed, improve evaporation tube heat transfer speed.The steam produced in evaporation in-tube evaporation and fixed gas are discharged together by the gas vent at the top of evaporimeter.Plus vapours enters evaporimeter by steam inlet, condensate is condensed on the outside of evaporation tube and evaporimeter is discharged by condensation water outlet.Waste water is entered in evaporimeter by the liquor inlet on evaporimeter top, and concentrate is discharged by the material liquid outlet of base of evaporator.
In the technique for processing waste water of the present invention, described vapour compression machine can adopt any one in centrifugal compressor, screw compressor, reciprocating compressor and centrifugal high pressure fan；The compression ratio one of the compressor selects 1.3 ~ 2.0, preferably 1.4 ~ 1.7.
Other technologies in the technique for processing waste water of the present invention, the content as known to water pump, heat heat exchange, condensate water collecting etc. are those skilled in the art.
Compared with prior art, the technique and system for processing waste water of the present invention has the advantage that：
1st, the present invention is processed in the technique and system of waste water, and waste water is concentrated by evaporation to reclaim and is reclaimed using economic benefits and social benefits steam mechanical recompression technique, and the water resource for being capable of achieving 50% ~ 95% is recycled.
2nd, the present invention is processed in the technique and system of waste water, by introducing compression fixed gas in the evaporation tube to 2nd effect evaporator, the evaporation heat transfer coefficient in evaporation tube is improve, be conducive to the heat transfer of vapo(u)rization system, so as to reduce the effective heat exchange area of 2nd effect evaporator, equipment investment is saved.
3rd, the present invention is processed in the technique and system of waste water, filler is increased in the 2nd effect evaporator in evaporation tube, not only increase in evaporation tube outside waste water and evaporation tube plus vapours heat transfer area, and under the impact of adverse current fixed gas, the turbulent flow boiling degree of waste water in evaporation tube is increased, the mass-and heat-transfer of vapo(u)rization system is promoted.
4th, the present invention is processed in the technique and system of waste water, by controlling cocnentration factor of the waste water in 1st effective evaporator, avoid waste water that fouling occurs in 1st effective evaporator, concentrate is further concentrated in 2nd effect evaporator, auxiliary steam and filler are introduced in the evaporation tube of set 2nd effect evaporator, waste water is in 2nd effect evaporator in concentration process, the fouling of evaporation inside pipe wall can be reduced and heat transfer is affected, so that fouling occurs on filler, while filler can be dismantled, it is easy to vapo(u)rization system to clean fouling.
5th, the present invention process waste water technique and system have that safe and reliable, equipment is simple, it is low to invest, the features such as.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the technique and system schematic that the present invention processes waste water.
Fig. 2 is 2nd effect evaporator schematic diagram used by the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The concrete condition of the present invention is further illustrated below by specific embodiment, but is not limited to following embodiments.
As shown in figure 1, the system for processing waste water of the present invention includes waste water preheater 2,1st effective evaporator 5,2nd effect evaporator 11, vapour compression machine 8, apparatus for collecting condensed water 20 and fixed gas compressor 14；Wherein wastewater feed pipeline Jing waste water preheater 2 is connected with the waterwater entrance of 1st effective evaporator 5，The steam (vapor) outlet of 1st effective evaporator 5 is connected with the entrance of vapour compression machine 8，The steam (vapor) outlet of the 1st effective evaporator makes up line with setting steam in the entrance connecting pipeline of vapour compression machine，The outlet of vapour compression machine 8 is connected with the heat source stream entrance of 2nd effect evaporator 11，The gaseous phase outlet of 2nd effect evaporator 11 is connected with the heat source stream entrance of 1st effective evaporator 5，The fixed gas outlet Jing fixed gases compressor 14 of 1st effective evaporator 5 is connected with the auxiliary steam entrance of 2nd effect evaporator 11，Fixed gas is set in the fixed gas outlet of the 1st effective evaporator 5 and the entrance connecting pipeline of fixed gas compressor 14 and makes up line 23，The concentrate floss hole Jing pipelines of the bottom of 1st effective evaporator 5 are connected with the charging aperture of 2nd effect evaporator 11，The concentrated solution outlet Jing pipelines of the bottom of 2nd effect evaporator 11 are connected with waste water preheater 2，The condensation water outlet of 1st effective evaporator 5 and the condensation water outlet Jing pipelines of 2nd effect evaporator 11 are connected with apparatus for collecting condensed water 20，The floss hole of apparatus for collecting condensed water 20 is connected with waste water preheater 2.
The present invention also provides a kind of technique of process waste water, and using said apparatus, the technique includes：
Using waste water preheater 2, it is used to process raw material waste water 1, condensate 21 and 2nd effect evaporator concentrate 15, raw material waste water 1, condensate 21 and 2nd effect evaporator concentrate 15 are exchanged heat in waste water preheater 2, obtain it is preheated after raw material waste water 3, cooling condensate 22 and cooling concentrate 17；
Using 1st effective evaporator 5, it is used to process the raw material waste water 3 after preheating come waste water preheater 2 of hanging oneself, and the 2nd stream 10, fixed gas 13 and the condensate 18 of the 1st stream 6, liquid phase of gas phase are obtained after process；
Using vapour compression machine 8, it is used to process the 1st stream 6 from 1st effective evaporator, and the 3rd stream 9 of gas phase is obtained after process；
Using fixed gas compressor 14, it is used to process the fixed gas 13 from 1st effective evaporator, and the 4th stream 16 of gas phase is obtained after process；
Using 2nd effect evaporator 11, it is used to process the 3rd stream 9 and the 4th stream 16 of fixed gas compressor of the 2nd stream 10, vapour compression machine from 1st effective evaporator, and the 6th stream 15 and condensate 19 of the 5th stream 12, liquid phase of gas phase are obtained after process；
Using apparatus for collecting condensed water 20, it is used to receive the condensate 19 of the condensate 18 of 1st effective evaporator and 2nd effect evaporator, and the condensate 21 for mixing is obtained after collection.
The present invention is processed in the technique of waste water, when system goes into operation, needs to be gone into operation thermal source as system with the extraneous steam of system and fixed gas, and the steam 7 can be made up line in introducing system by steam；If the steam that system is produced in running can not maintain system thermal to consume quantity of steam, can be made up line by steam and introduce steam 7；If the steam that system is produced in running is more than maintaining system thermal to consume quantity of steam, unnecessary steam can be by supplementary steam pipe line discharge system.Required fixed gas 4 can be made up line in introducing system by fixed gas.
In present invention process, raw material waste water 1 in waste water preheater 2 by with condensate 21, concentrate 15 exchange heat to close to after saturation temperature enter 1st effective evaporator 5 in, it is evaporated in 1st effective evaporator 5, the steam 6 for obtaining is Jing after the compression of vapour compression machine 8, the latent heat of steam is improved, then with compressed steam 9 as 2nd effect evaporator 11 evaporation thermal source.The concentrate 10 of the bottom of 1st effective evaporator 5 is evaporated in 2nd effect evaporator 11, and fixed gas is introduced in 2nd effect evaporator 11, improves the mass-and heat-transfer efficiency of 2nd effect evaporator 11.The steam evaporated in 2nd effect evaporator 11 and fixed gas mixed gas 12 are entered in 1st effective evaporator 5, as the heat source of 1st effective evaporator 5, its steam is condensed into condensed water 18, fixed gas 13 is compressed by the fixed gas outlet of 1st effective evaporator 5 into fixed gas compressor 14, and the fixed gas after compression is recycled in 2nd effect evaporator 11.The concentrate of the bottom of 2nd effect evaporator 11 enters heat exchange and reclaims heat in waste water preheater 2 with waste water.
As shown in Figure 2, described 2nd effect evaporator structure is as follows, the 2nd effect evaporator includes upper cover 1, housing 2, low head 3, the upper cover 1 is provided with gas vent 4, the low head 3 is provided with concentrated solution outlet 5, and the housing 2 includes vapor-liquid separation section 6, material distribution section 7, evaporator section 8 and liquid storage section 9 according to liquid phase material flow direction；The gas-liquid separation section 6 is provided with fiber mist eliminator 20，The housing of the top of material distribution section 7 is provided with charging aperture 16，The charging aperture is connected with feed pipe 17，The feed pipe 17 is connected with feed distributor 19，The evaporator section 8 includes upper perforated plate 10、Evaporation tube 11、Lower perforated plate 12，The upper perforated plate 10 and lower perforated plate 12 are fixed on the inwall of housing，The evaporation tube 11 is through upper perforated plate 10 and lower perforated plate 12，The evaporation tube 11 is vertically arranged in the evaporator section 8，Filling filler in the evaporation tube 11，Described filler material selection ceramic material，Described filler is Pall ring，The lower section of the lower perforated plate 12 is provided with gripper shoe 18，Multiple holes are provided with the gripper shoe 18，Diameter of the diameter in the hole less than filler in evaporation tube 11，A diameter of 3mm in the hole.The housing of the evaporator section 8 is provided with heating steam inlet 13 and condensate outlet 14, the housing of liquid storage section 9 is provided with auxiliary steam entrance 15, the evaporator section 8 is fixedly connected with liquid storage section 9 using flange, the gripper shoe 18 is located in the middle of flange connection, the gripper shoe 18 is in close contact by evaporator section 8 with the lower perforated plate 12 of evaporator section 8 with the adpting flange of liquid storage section 9, by the adpting flange for dismantling evaporator section 8 and liquid storage section 9, gripper shoe 18 and lower perforated plate 12 can be unclamped, in order to dismounting and change filler.Material distribution section 7 built with filler, described filler can in evaporation tube 11 filler it is consistent.The height of the material distribution section 7 is 1.5 times that material is distributed the diameter of section 7.The height of the gas-liquid separation section 6 is 1.5 times of the diameter of gas-liquid separation section 6.The height of the liquid storage section 9 is 2 times of the diameter of liquid storage section 9.
Embodiment 1
Using the system described in Fig. 1, the 2nd effect evaporator is using the structure described in Fig. 2, waste water used is ammonium sulfate waste water, raw material waste strength is 20wt%, raw material wastewater treatment capacity is 15t/h, and normal temperature waste water is preheated to 99 DEG C through preheater 2, in 1st effective evaporator 5, the compression ratio of vapour compression machine 8 is 1.5, uses air as fixed gas.The concentration of concentrate 10 that the bottom of 1st effective evaporator 5 is discharged is 32wt%, and Jing after 2nd effect evaporator evaporation and concentration, the concentration of concentrate 15 of discharge is 45wt% to the concentrate 10.The temperature Jing after heat recovery of condensate 21 is 45 DEG C or so, and condensate-water polishing amount is 8.3 t/h.
Claims (35)
1. it is a kind of process waste water system, the system include waste water preheater, 1st effective evaporator, 2nd effect evaporator, vapour compression machine, apparatus for collecting condensed water and fixed gas compressor；Wherein wastewater feed pipeline Jing waste water preheater is connected with the waterwater entrance of 1st effective evaporator, the steam (vapor) outlet of 1st effective evaporator is connected with the entrance of vapour compression machine, the outlet of vapour compression machine is connected with the heat source stream entrance of 2nd effect evaporator, the gaseous phase outlet of 2nd effect evaporator is connected with the heat source stream entrance of 1st effective evaporator, the fixed gas outlet Jing fixed gases compressor of 1st effective evaporator is connected with the auxiliary steam entrance of 2nd effect evaporator, the concentrate floss hole Jing pipelines of 1st effective evaporator bottom are connected with the charging aperture of 2nd effect evaporator, the concentrated solution outlet Jing pipelines of 2nd effect evaporator bottom are connected with waste water preheater, the condensation water outlet of 1st effective evaporator and the condensation water outlet Jing pipelines of 2nd effect evaporator are connected with apparatus for collecting condensed water, the floss hole of apparatus for collecting condensed water is connected with waste water preheater.
2. according to the system described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The steam (vapor) outlet of the 1st effective evaporator makes up line with setting steam in the entrance connecting pipeline of vapour compression machine.
3. according to the system described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The fixed gas outlet of the 1st effective evaporator makes up line with setting fixed gas in the entrance connecting pipeline of fixed gas compressor.
4. according to the system described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The fixed gas compressor is displacement type compressor, turbo type compressor or heating power type compressor.
5. according to the system described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The vapour compression machine is using any one in centrifugal compressor, screw compressor, reciprocating compressor and centrifugal high pressure fan.
6. according to the system described in claim 5, it is characterised in that：The compression ratio of the vapour compression machine is 1.3 ~ 2.0, preferably 1.4 ~ 1.7.
7. according to the system described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The waste water preheater adopts shell-and-tube heat exchanger, heat-pipe heat exchanger, plate type heat exchanger or lamella heat exchanger.
8. according to the system described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described 1st effective evaporator is using any one in climbing film evaporator, falling film evaporator, horizontal tube evaporator and plate-type evaporator.
9. according to the system described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The concrete structure of described 2nd effect evaporator is as follows, the 2nd effect evaporator includes upper cover, housing, low head, the upper cover is provided with gas vent, the low head is provided with concentrated solution outlet, and the housing includes vapor-liquid separation section, material distribution section, evaporator section and liquid storage section according to liquid phase material flow direction；Housing above the material distribution section is provided with charging aperture, the evaporator section includes upper perforated plate, evaporation tube, lower perforated plate and gripper shoe, the upper perforated plate and lower perforated plate are fixed on the inwall of housing, the evaporation tube is through upper perforated plate and lower perforated plate, the evaporation tube is vertically arranged in the evaporator section, gripper shoe is provided with below the lower perforated plate, the lower perforated plate is fixedly connected with gripper shoe, the housing of the evaporator section is provided with heating steam inlet and condensate outlet, and the housing of the liquid storage section is provided with auxiliary steam entrance.
10. according to the system described in claim 9, it is characterised in that：Demisting facility is provided with the gas-liquid separation section, the demisting facility is any one in woven wire demister, fiber mist eliminator and deflection plate demister.
11. according to the system described in claim 9, it is characterised in that：The charging aperture is connected with feed pipe, and on the feed pipe feed distributor is connected with.
12. according to the system described in claim 9, it is characterised in that：Filler is filled with the evaporation tube, described filler is ceramic material or metal material.
13. according to the system described in claim 12, it is characterised in that：It is bar-shaped that described filler is shaped as Raschig ring, Pall ring, cascade ring, cellular or wolf's fang.
14. according to the system described in claim 9, it is characterised in that：The evaporator section is fixedly connected with liquid storage section, is connected using flange, and the gripper shoe is located in the middle of flange connection.
15. according to the system described in claim 9, it is characterised in that：Multiple holes are provided with the gripper shoe, the diameter in the hole is less than the diameter of filler in evaporation tube.
16. according to the system described in claim 9, it is characterised in that：The material is distributed section built with filler, and described filler is consistent with filler in evaporation tube.
17. according to the system described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The height of the material distribution section is 1 ~ 1.5 times that material is distributed section diameter, and the height of the gas-liquid separation section is 1 ~ 1.5 times of gas-liquid separation section diameter, and the height of the liquid storage section is 1 ~ 2 times of liquid storage section diameter.
A kind of 18. techniques for processing waste water, using the system described in any claim in claim 1-17, the technique includes：
Using waste water preheater, it is used to process raw material waste water, condensate and stripper concentrate, and raw material waste water, condensate and stripper concentrate are exchanged heat in waste water preheater, obtain it is preheated after raw material waste water, cooling condensate and cooling concentrate；
Using 1st effective evaporator, it is used to process the raw material waste water come after waste water preheater preheating of hanging oneself, and the 1st stream, the 2nd stream of liquid phase, fixed gas and the condensate of gas phase are obtained after process；
Using vapour compression machine, it is used to process the 1st stream from 1st effective evaporator, and the 3rd stream of gas phase is obtained after process；
Using fixed gas compressor, it is used to process the fixed gas from 1st effective evaporator, and the 4th stream of gas phase is obtained after process；
Using 2nd effect evaporator, it is used to processing the 2nd stream from 1st effective evaporator, the 3rd stream of vapour compression machine and the 4th stream of fixed gas compressor, and the 5th stream, the 6th stream of liquid phase and the condensate of gas phase are obtained after process；
Using apparatus for collecting condensed water, it is used to receive the condensate of 1st effective evaporator and 2nd effect evaporator.
19. according to the technique described in claim 18, it is characterised in that：Raw material waste water exchanges heat to 90 DEG C～102 DEG C in waste water preheater, and 1st effective evaporator is entered after preferably 95 DEG C～100 DEG C.
20. according to the technique described in claim 18, it is characterised in that：Logarithm heat transfer temperature difference in the 1st effective evaporator, 2nd effect evaporator between steam and waste water is 3 DEG C～10 DEG C.
21. according to the technique described in claim 20, it is characterised in that：Logarithm heat transfer temperature difference in the 1st effective evaporator, 2nd effect evaporator between steam and waste water is 4 DEG C～8 DEG C.
22. according to the technique described in claim 18, it is characterised in that：The vaporization rate of waste water evaporation is 5%～50%, preferably 10%～40% in the 1st effective evaporator, 2nd effect evaporator.
23. according to the technique described in claim 18, it is characterised in that：When system goes into operation, need to be gone into operation thermal source as system with the extraneous steam of system, the steam is made up line in introducing system by steam；If the steam that system is produced in running can not maintain system thermal to consume quantity of steam, can be made up line introducing steam by steam；If the steam that system is produced in running is more than maintaining system thermal to consume quantity of steam, unnecessary steam can be by supplementary steam pipe line discharge system.
24. according to the technique described in claim 18, it is characterised in that：When system goes into operation, the evaporation thermal source as 2nd effect evaporator with the extraneous fixed gas of system is needed.
25. according to the technique described in claim 24, it is characterised in that：The fixed gas can be air, nitrogen, oxygen etc..
26. according to the technique described in claim 18, it is characterised in that：Described 1st effective evaporator can adopt any one in climbing film evaporator, falling film evaporator, horizontal tube evaporator and plate-type evaporator.
27. according to the technique described in claim 18, it is characterised in that：The concrete structure of described 2nd effect evaporator is as follows, the 2nd effect evaporator includes upper cover, housing, low head, the upper cover is provided with gas vent, the low head is provided with concentrated solution outlet, and the housing includes vapor-liquid separation section, material distribution section, evaporator section and liquid storage section according to liquid phase material flow direction；Housing above the material distribution section is provided with charging aperture, the evaporator section includes upper perforated plate, evaporation tube, lower perforated plate and gripper shoe, the upper perforated plate and lower perforated plate are fixed on the inwall of housing, the evaporation tube is through upper perforated plate and lower perforated plate, the evaporation tube is vertically arranged in the evaporator section, gripper shoe is provided with below the lower perforated plate, the lower perforated plate is fixedly connected with gripper shoe, the housing of the evaporator section is provided with heating steam inlet and condensate outlet, and the housing of the liquid storage section is provided with auxiliary steam entrance.
28. according to the technique described in claim 27, it is characterised in that：Demisting facility is provided with the gas-liquid separation section, the demisting facility is any one in woven wire demister, fiber mist eliminator and deflection plate demister.
29. according to the technique described in claim 27, it is characterised in that：The charging aperture is connected with feed pipe, and on the feed pipe feed distributor is connected with.
30. according to the technique described in claim 27, it is characterised in that：Filler is filled with the evaporation tube, described filler is ceramic material or metal material.
31. according to the technique described in claim 30, it is characterised in that：It is bar-shaped that described filler is shaped as Raschig ring, Pall ring, cascade ring, cellular or wolf's fang.
32. according to the technique described in claim 27, it is characterised in that：The evaporator section is fixedly connected with liquid storage section, is connected using flange, and the gripper shoe is located in the middle of flange connection.
33. according to the technique described in claim 27, it is characterised in that：Multiple holes are provided with the gripper shoe, the diameter in the hole is less than the diameter of filler in evaporation tube.
34. according to the technique described in claim 27, it is characterised in that：The material is distributed section built with filler, and described filler is consistent with filler in evaporation tube.
35. according to the technique described in claim 27, it is characterised in that：The height of the material distribution section is 1 ~ 1.5 times that material is distributed section diameter, and the height of the gas-liquid separation section is 1 ~ 1.5 times of gas-liquid separation section diameter, and the height of the liquid storage section is 1 ~ 2 times of liquid storage section diameter.
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| CN109350977A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-02-19 | 清华大学 | Steam pressure-reducing device and working method |
| CN116658881A (en) * | 2023-07-26 | 2023-08-29 | 上海优华系统集成技术股份有限公司 | Residual heat steam generating system |
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