CN106627989A - Ship propeller four-quadrant load simulation device and control method thereof - Google Patents
Ship propeller four-quadrant load simulation device and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106627989A CN106627989A CN201611005662.3A CN201611005662A CN106627989A CN 106627989 A CN106627989 A CN 106627989A CN 201611005662 A CN201611005662 A CN 201611005662A CN 106627989 A CN106627989 A CN 106627989A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B71/00—Designing vessels; Predicting their performance
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Abstract
The invention relates to a ship propeller four-quadrant load simulation device and a control method thereof. The ship propeller four-quadrant load simulation device comprises an upper computer, an AppSIM real-time simulator, a propulsion motor, a load motor, a propeller, a coupling, a first alternating current frequency converter in matching connection with the propulsion motor, a second alternating current frequency converter in matching connection with the load motor, a propulsion motor control system, a load motor control system, a rotational speed and torque sensor used for detecting the output rotational speed of the propulsion motor and the output torque of the load motor, and a motor fixing rack. The propulsion motor is connected with the load motor through the coupling. The rotational speed and torque sensor is installed on a shaft. The propeller is installed on the side, close to the load motor, of the shaft. The ship propeller four-quadrant load simulation device and the control method thereof can simulate propeller starting, stopping, accelerating and decelerating working conditions and four-quadrant operation load torque characteristics, and mutual influence between the propeller load and a ship is considered, so that the torque characteristics of the device is closer to the practical situation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of propeller for vessels four-quadrant load simulating device and its control method.
Background technology
Used as the executing agency of marine propulsion, screw is direct with the performance quality of prime mover and hull matched design
Have influence on the navigation performance and mobility of ship.During the designing and developing of propeller for vessels propulsion plant, by simulating spiral shell
Dynamic characteristic in rotation oar running, can carry out examination checking in simulated environment repeatedly, reduce actual environment change band
The cost and risk come, improves the possibility for finding real system potential problems before the mounting.
Actual screw will not individually be operated, but produce reciprocal influence with hull, and this causes screw
Dynamic characteristic is entirely different when working independently with them with hull.Therefore, hull and screw should be carried out as an entirety
Propeller Load is studied.Common propeller load simulator often only considers the dynamic analog of propeller load torque
Intend, the typically load by controlling generator offer propeller load torque to simulate screw using AC frequency conversion apparatus is special
Property.And in existing document and data, propulsion electric machine characteristic, propeller characteristic and quant phase are considered while disclosure
The screw four-quadrant load simulating device of interaction.
The content of the invention
Present invention aims to above-mentioned problem, providing one kind can simulate screw starting, stop, add
The propeller for vessels four-quadrant load simulating device of the dynamic characteristics such as deceleration, reversing.
The present invention also aims to provide a kind of propeller for vessels four-quadrant load simulation dress control method.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of propeller for vessels four-quadrant load simulating device, including host computer, AppSIM real-time simulators, propulsion electricity
Machine, load motor, screw, the shaft coupling AC converter 1 being connected supporting with propulsion electric machine, it is supporting with load motor to be connected
AC converter 2, propulsion electric machine control system, load motor control system, for detecting propulsion electric machine output speed and negative
Torque and speed sensorses, the motor fixed rack of motor output torque are carried, propulsion electric machine is connected with load motor by shaft coupling,
Torque and speed sensorses are installed, wherein being equipped with screw on the axle of load motor side on axle;Host computer and AppSIM realities
When emulator two-way communication link, the signal output part of torque and speed sensorses respectively with propulsion electric machine control system, load electricity
Machine control system and AppSIM real-time simulators connect, and AppSIM real-time simulators are connected with load motor control system, there is provided
Expect torque reference;Propulsion electric machine control system controls propulsion electric machine and completes corresponding demand for control, load motor by frequency converter 1
Control system controls load motor torque by frequency converter 2, enables load motor to track given expectation torque;
Described propulsion electric machine adopts the three-phase sine-wave permagnetic synchronous motor of equal model with load motor;Propulsion electric machine
Motor and generator operating mode are operated in load motor;Described propulsion electric machine and load motor adopts slowspeed machine;It is described
Screw adopt fixed pitch form;The axle of screw is changed to solid shafting;Described torque and speed sensorses adopt JN338 types
Digital torque and speed sensorses;The output signal of sensor is given with frequency quantity, and host computer enters line interface;Described
AppSIM real-time simulators receive the rotational speed and torque signal from torque and speed sensorses detection by PCI board clamping, used as input
Amount is sent to ship-propeller model, and ship-propeller model exports torque of propeller as the torque reference desired value of load motor, and by CAN
Communication shows electric moter voltage electric current, revolution speed of propeller torque and d-c bus voltage value in host computer interface.
A kind of control method of propeller for vessels four-quadrant load simulating device, comprises the following steps:
(1) host computer receives the select command that user rotates operating mode and ship's navigation operating mode to screw, by user input
Information be sent to propulsion electric machine control system and AppSIM real-time simulators;
(2) propulsion electric machine control system receive torque and speed sensorses return tachometer value by drive frequency converter 1 control
The rotating speed of screw follows expectation set-point;
(3) torque and speed sensorses signal calculates propeller load torque reference value and is sent to negative by ship-propeller model
Electric machine control system is carried, load motor control system drives the Assist force of the control screw of frequency converter 2 to expect set-point;
(4) screw that user initially sets rotates operating mode with ship's navigation operating mode as the positive model plane formula of positive car, by above-mentioned
Step can simulate the load torque characteristic of screw first quartile and the rotary speed property of propulsion electric machine;
(5) change the rotating speed size of screw, and ensure that screw is the positive model plane formula of positive car with vessel motion operating mode, simulate
The load torque characteristic of screw first quartile acceleration and deceleration operating mode and the rotary speed property of propulsion electric machine;
(6) change the rotary speed direction of screw, and ensure that screw is the positive model plane formula of reversing, simulation with vessel motion operating mode
The load torque characteristic of the quadrant of screw second and the rotary speed property of propulsion electric machine;
(7) change the navigation direction of ship, and ensure that screw is the positive car formula of falling model plane with vessel motion operating mode, simulate spiral shell
The load torque characteristic of rotation oar fourth quadrant and the rotary speed property of propulsion electric machine;
(8) while changing revolution speed of propeller direction and direction of ship travel, and ensure that screw is with vessel motion operating mode
The reversing formula of falling model plane, simulates the load torque characteristic of screw third quadrant and the rotary speed property of propulsion electric machine;
(9) by the load of the startup of above-mentioned steps dynamic analog screw, parking, acceleration and deceleration operating mode and four quadrant running
The rotary speed property of torque characteristics and propulsion electric machine.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is:
The propeller load simulator and its control method that the present invention is provided not only can simulate the startup of screw, stop
The load torque characteristic of car, acceleration and deceleration operating mode and four quadrant running, also by the way that propulsion electric machine is coaxially connected with load motor,
And then the rotary speed property of simulated propulsion motor.Further, the present invention exists the consideration that influences each other of propeller load and ship
It is interior so as to which that torque characteristics is closer to actual conditions.
The propeller for vessels four-quadrant load simulating device and its control method that the present invention is provided has simple structure, operates
Convenient, reliability is high, it is easy to accomplish the advantages of.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the principle assumption diagram of propeller for vessels four-quadrant load simulating device of the present invention and its control method.
Fig. 2 is the principle assumption diagram of ship-propeller model in AppSIM real-time simulators.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of propeller load simulator.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The propeller for vessels four-quadrant load simulating device that the present invention is provided, including:Host computer, AppSIM real-time simulations
Device, propulsion electric machine, load motor, screw, the shaft coupling AC converter 1 being connected supporting with propulsion electric machine, with load motor
Supporting connected AC converter 2, propulsion electric machine control system, load motor control system, for detect propulsion electric machine export
The torque and speed sensorses of rotating speed and load motor output torque.
Propulsion electric machine of the present invention is connected with load motor by shaft coupling, and rotational speed and torque sensing is provided with axle
Device, wherein being equipped with screw on the axle of load motor side.Host computer and AppSIM real-time simulator two-way communication links, turn
The signal output part of fast torque sensor is imitated in real time respectively with propulsion electric machine control system, load motor control system and AppSIM
True device connection, AppSIM real-time simulators are connected with load motor control system, there is provided expect torque reference;Propulsion electric machine is controlled
System controls propulsion electric machine and completes corresponding demand for control by frequency converter 1, and load motor control system is negative by the control of frequency converter 2
Motor torque is carried, enables to track given expectation torque.
The control method of the propeller for vessels four-quadrant load simulating device that the present invention is provided, comprises the following steps:
Step 1. host computer receives the select command that user rotates operating mode and ship's navigation operating mode to screw, and user is defeated
The information for entering is sent to propulsion electric machine control system and AppSIM real-time simulators;
Step 2. propulsion electric machine control system receives the tachometer value of torque and speed sensorses return and is controlled by driving frequency converter 1
The rotating speed of screw processed follows expectation set-point.
Simultaneously, torque and speed sensorses signal calculates propeller load torque reference value simultaneously to step 3. by ship-propeller model
Be sent to load motor control system, load motor control system drive the Assist force of the control screw of frequency converter 2 expect to
Definite value.
Step 4. assumes that the screw that user initially sets rotates operating mode with ship's navigation operating mode as the positive model plane formula of positive car, leads to
Crossing above-mentioned steps can simulate the load torque characteristic of screw first quartile and the rotary speed property of propulsion electric machine;
Step 5. changes the rotating speed size of screw, and ensures that screw is the positive model plane formula of positive car with vessel motion operating mode,
The load torque characteristic of screw first quartile acceleration and deceleration operating mode and the rotary speed property of propulsion electric machine can be simulated;
Step 6. changes the rotary speed direction of screw, and ensures that screw is the positive model plane formula of reversing with vessel motion operating mode,
The load torque characteristic of the quadrant of screw second and the rotary speed property of propulsion electric machine can be simulated;
Step 7. changes the navigation direction of ship, and ensures that screw is the positive car formula of falling model plane with vessel motion operating mode, can
The load torque characteristic of simulation screw fourth quadrant and the rotary speed property of propulsion electric machine;
Step 8. changes revolution speed of propeller direction and direction of ship travel simultaneously, and ensures screw and vessel motion operating mode
For the formula of falling model plane of moveing backward, the load torque characteristic of screw third quadrant and the rotary speed property of propulsion electric machine can be simulated.
Step 9. can be started with dynamic analog screw, be stopped by above-mentioned steps, acceleration and deceleration operating mode and four-quadrant are transported
Capable load torque characteristic and the rotary speed property of propulsion electric machine.
The present invention provides a kind of propeller for vessels four-quadrant load simulating device and its control method, and its theory structure is as schemed
Shown in 1.
The propeller for vessels four-quadrant load simulating device that the present invention is provided, including:Host computer, AppSIM real-time simulations
Device, propulsion electric machine, load motor, screw, the shaft coupling AC converter 1 being connected supporting with propulsion electric machine, with load motor
Supporting connected AC converter 2, propulsion electric machine control system, load motor control system, for detect propulsion electric machine export
The torque and speed sensorses of rotating speed and load motor output torque, motor fixed rack.
Described propulsion electric machine adopts the three-phase sine-wave permagnetic synchronous motor of equal model with load motor, exhausted in winding
There is the characteristics such as the additional heating of the peak overvoltage pulse and harmonic current that can be born in frequency conversion voltage in edge ability.The change
The cooling of frequency motor can be using self-ventilation mode, forced ventilation mode or water cooling mode, still transporting in short-term depending on continuous operation
Row and installation environment different and determine.
Described screw adopts fixed pitch form, simplifies the structure of screw, it is no longer necessary to for changing blade
A set of hydraulic jack part of the angle of pitch;The axle of screw is changed to solid shafting, is not required to the hydraulic oil that drilling deep hole supply drives oil cylinder;
Eliminate all parts of a whole set of hydraulic control system including the feedback device including the angle of pitch.The letter of spacing oar propeller structure
It is single, it is cheap, there is no any auxiliary device.
Described shaft coupling is made up of two half parts, respectively with the rotating shaft of propulsion electric machine and the angle of rake screw of spacing oar
Axle couples.In the power transmission of high-speed overload, the effect of shaft coupling also buffering, vibration damping and raising shafting dynamic property.
Described frequency converter 1, frequency converter 2 adopt SPWM (sinusoidal pulse width modulation) a.c.frequency converting control mode, including inlet wire
It is breaker, reactor, control transformer, inlet wire contactor, control condenser, controlling switch and button, indicator lamp, electronic
The components and parts such as machine revolution counter, motor torque table, terminal block and DSP logical drive plates.
Described torque and speed sensorses adopt the digital torque and speed sensorses of JN338 types.Because the sensor can
The non contact transmission of signal is realized, the certainty of measurement and reliability of rotational speed and torque can be improved.The output signal of sensor is with frequency
Rate amount is given, and is easy to enter line interface with host computer, and accuracy of detection is high, good stability, strong antijamming capability.
Described AppSIM real-time simulators are by PCI board clamping by the rotational speed and torque from torque and speed sensorses detection
Signal, as input quantity ship-propeller model is sent to, and ship-propeller model exports torque of propeller as the torque reference phase of load motor
Prestige value, and electric moter voltage electric current, revolution speed of propeller torque and DC bus-bar voltage are shown in host computer interface by CAN communication
Value.
The present invention can also include:
Described propulsion electric machine can be operated in motor and generator operating mode, depend primarily on motor speed and torque side
To.Propulsion electric machine is controlled using vector control mode to rotating speed, and speed adjustable range, can rotating in 0-300rpm.
Described load motor can be operated in motor and generator operating mode, depend primarily on motor speed and torque side
To.Load simulation motor can rotating operation propeller load torque is controlled, enter by screw four quadrants property demand
The flexible switching of row.
Described propulsion electric machine and load motor adopts slowspeed machine, it is not necessary to decelerator is installed on shaft coupling, simplifies
The structural complexity of load simulating device, is favorably improved the control accuracy of propeller load simulation.
Described frequency converter 1, frequency converter 2 directly carry out commutation inversion operation, and then motor using laboratory electrical network
Corresponding demand for control is completed, prime mover TRT is eliminated, the structural complexity of load simulating device is simplified.
Described screw four-quadrant load simulating device adopts horizontal mounting structure, with shaft coupling between each rotate element
It is connected, guarantee can rotating bi-directional moment of torsion;Various parts are mechanically connected robust, screw is installed outside screw and is prevented
Shield.
The propeller for vessels four-quadrant load simulating device of present invention offer and its operation principle of control method are:
Torque and speed sensorses detect revolution speed of propeller and load torque, send a signal to propulsion electric machine control system,
Load motor control system and AppSIM real-time simulators.There is quant load module in real-time simulator, load module can root
The load torque set-point needed for load motor is calculated according to ship machine oar relation, this set-point is defeated by AppSIM real-time simulators
Go out, give load simulation electric machine control system.Load motor receiving auger oar surveys torque and load motor torque reference value, leads to
Frequency converter 2 overdrive so that torque sensor detected value is equal to load motor torque reference value.Propulsion electric machine control system is input into
The tach signal that the tach signal and host computer of screw actual measurement gives, by driving frequency converter 1 speed probe detection is caused
Value is equal to rotational speed setup desired value.
The propeller load simulator that the present invention is provided needs to solve ship-propeller model in AppSIM real-time simulators
Load motor torque reference value is provided, its theory structure is as shown in Figure 2.
The ship-propeller model input quantity is revolution speed of propeller measured value, by revolution speed of propeller and axially enters speed and calculates into speed
Than, thrust coefficient, moment coefficient can in the hope of during ship's navigation screw propeller output effective push and load torque, have
Effect thrust enters speed by the axial direction that vessel motion model can provide screw.Wherein torque contracting allows for the present invention than link
The load simulating device of offer is small scale system, needs ensureing that it is identical dynamic that actual propeller system has with small scale system
On the basis of state response characteristic, contracting is carried out to actual propeller load torque than processing.
The invention discloses a kind of propeller for vessels four-quadrant load simulating device, including host computer, AppSIM is imitated in real time
True device, propulsion electric machine, load motor, screw, the shaft coupling AC converter 1 being connected supporting with propulsion electric machine, with load electricity
The supporting connected AC converter 2 of machine, propulsion electric machine control system, load motor control system, for detecting that propulsion electric machine is defeated
Go out the torque and speed sensorses of rotating speed and load motor output torque.The invention also discloses a kind of screw four-quadrant loads mould
Intend control method, can be special with the load torque of the startup of dynamic analog screw, parking, acceleration and deceleration operating mode and four quadrant running
Property.The propeller for vessels four-quadrant load simulating device and its control method that the present invention is provided has simple structure, easy to operate,
Reliability is high, it is easy to accomplish the advantages of.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of propeller for vessels four-quadrant load simulating device, including host computer, AppSIM real-time simulators, propulsion electric machine,
Load motor, screw, the shaft coupling AC converter (1) being connected supporting with propulsion electric machine, it is supporting with load motor to be connected
AC converter (2), propulsion electric machine control system, load motor control system, for detecting propulsion electric machine output speed and negative
Carry torque and speed sensorses, the motor fixed rack of motor output torque, it is characterised in that:Propulsion electric machine passes through with load motor
Shaft coupling is connected, and torque and speed sensorses are provided with axle, wherein being equipped with screw on the axle of load motor side;Host computer
With AppSIM real-time simulator two-way communication links, the signal output part of torque and speed sensorses is respectively with propulsion electric machine control
The connection of system, load motor control system and AppSIM real-time simulators, AppSIM real-time simulators and load motor control system
Connection, there is provided expect torque reference;Propulsion electric machine control system controls propulsion electric machine and completes accordingly to control to need by frequency converter (1)
Ask, load motor control system controls load motor torque by frequency converter (2), enables load motor to track given expectation
Torque.
2. a kind of propeller for vessels four-quadrant load simulating device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described pushes away
Stepper motor adopts the three-phase sine-wave permagnetic synchronous motor of equal model with load motor;Propulsion electric machine is operated in load motor
Motor and generator operating mode;Described propulsion electric machine and load motor adopts slowspeed machine;Described screw is using fixation
Pitch form;The axle of screw is changed to solid shafting;Described torque and speed sensorses are passed using the digital rotational speed and torque of JN338 types
Sensor;The output signal of sensor is given with frequency quantity, and host computer enters line interface;Described AppSIM real-time simulators pass through
PCI board clamping is sent to ship-propeller model, quant by the rotational speed and torque signal from torque and speed sensorses detection as input quantity
Model exports torque of propeller as the torque reference desired value of load motor, and is shown in host computer interface by CAN communication
Electric moter voltage electric current, revolution speed of propeller torque and d-c bus voltage value.
3. a kind of control method of propeller for vessels four-quadrant load simulating device, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) host computer receives the select command that user rotates operating mode and ship's navigation operating mode to screw, by the letter of user input
Breath is sent to propulsion electric machine control system and AppSIM real-time simulators;
(2) propulsion electric machine control system receives the tachometer value of torque and speed sensorses return by driving the control spiral of frequency converter 1
The rotating speed of oar follows expectation set-point;
(3) torque and speed sensorses signal calculates propeller load torque reference value and is sent to load electricity by ship-propeller model
Machine control system, load motor control system drives the Assist force of frequency converter (2) control screw to expect set-point;
(4) screw that user initially sets rotates operating mode with ship's navigation operating mode as the positive model plane formula of positive car, by above-mentioned steps
The load torque characteristic of screw first quartile and the rotary speed property of propulsion electric machine can be simulated;
(5) change the rotating speed size of screw, and ensure that screw is the positive model plane formula of positive car with vessel motion operating mode, simulate spiral
The load torque characteristic of oar first quartile acceleration and deceleration operating mode and the rotary speed property of propulsion electric machine;
(6) change the rotary speed direction of screw, and ensure that screw is the positive model plane formula of reversing with vessel motion operating mode, simulate spiral
The load torque characteristic of the quadrant of oar second and the rotary speed property of propulsion electric machine;
(7) change the navigation direction of ship, and ensure that screw is the positive car formula of falling model plane with vessel motion operating mode, simulate screw
The load torque characteristic of fourth quadrant and the rotary speed property of propulsion electric machine;
(8) while changing revolution speed of propeller direction and direction of ship travel, and ensure that screw is reversing with vessel motion operating mode
The formula of falling model plane, simulates the load torque characteristic of screw third quadrant and the rotary speed property of propulsion electric machine;
(9) by the load torque of the startup of above-mentioned steps dynamic analog screw, parking, acceleration and deceleration operating mode and four quadrant running
The rotary speed property of characteristic and propulsion electric machine.
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