A kind of dot matrix techniques 3D printing method and the equipment using it
Technical field
The invention belongs to 3D printing technique field, is related to a kind of dot matrix techniques 3D printing method and the equipment using it.
Background technology
Conventional additive three-dimensional printing technology is built upon a process for slowly printing layer by layer.By substep or layer by layer in the way of carry out construction three-dimensional body.Specifically it is exactly first to print one layer, after drying or photocuring, supplements resin and print one layer again, repeats aforesaid operations.The formation of new layer can be on the top of old layer surface, it is also possible in bottom surface.The shortcoming of this traditional 3D printing includes speed is slow, and fineness is low, defective, and mechanical strength is low etc..
Nearest Liang Ge companies/laboratory, Orange
Maker Inc. and Carbon3D Inc. have developed a brand-new 3D printing technique -- continuous liquid interface synthetic method(clip).The principle of this method is projector by continuously from the cross section that ultraviolet is mapped to below object.With the one layer of liquid in ultraviolet light polymerization liquid resin bottom of pond portion top.Meanwhile, continuously lift shaped-article.3D printing technique as disclosed in patent WO2014126837.But above-mentioned patent carrys out solidified resin using ultraviolet light, one primary disadvantage is that the reaction that light reaction is polymerized is limited, and also more reactions can not be with ultraviolet light-initiated, such as some non-free radical polycondensation reactions, Journal of Molecular Catalysis reaction, enzymic catalytic reaction, hot polymerization reacts, cold poly- reaction, cationic polymerization, anionic polymerisation, metal reduction synthesis, self assembly, semi-conducting material synthesis, inorganic material synthesis etc., or purely physical phase transformation solidification.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention to provide a kind of dot matrix techniques 3D printing method and the equipment using it.
The invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of dot matrix techniques 3D printing method, methods described is continuous liquid interface synthetic method, and methods described causes solidify liquid generation curing reaction to be printed by latticed form.
In such scheme preferably, methods described causes local solidification liquid that curing reaction occurs and is printed by latticed form.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, methods described utilizes dot matrix reaction unit.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the dot matrix reaction unit includes dot matrix plate, and dot matrix reaction initiation points are arranged on the dot matrix plate.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, cause the solidify liquid at the dot matrix reaction initiation points that curing reaction occurs by electronic-controlled installation.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the reaction condition that the electronic-controlled installation is controlled at the dot matrix reaction initiation points causes curing reaction.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, controlling the mode of reaction condition includes electric current, heating or lowers the temperature.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, each described dot matrix reaction initiation points is controlled by the individually electronic-controlled installation.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the dot matrix reaction initiation points have shape.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the shape of the dot matrix reaction initiation points includes regular shape and irregularly shaped, and the regular shape includes real point, null point, circle, triangle, one or more in square, line, rectangle, annular, other regular shapes.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the electronic-controlled installation is by computer software control.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, there is curing reaction by the solidify liquid at dot matrix reaction initiation points described at least one on dot matrix plate described in the computer software control.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, successively to solidify, per layer of pattern for solidifying out is solidify to form methods described by the solidify liquid of the dot matrix reaction initiation points chosen.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the dot matrix reaction initiation points position for being formed per layer pattern is identical or different.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the density of the dot matrix reaction initiation points on the dot matrix plate is nanoscale, micron order, grade, Centimeter Level or meter level;And/or the size of the dot matrix reaction initiation points on the dot matrix plate is nanoscale, micron order, grade, Centimeter Level or meter level.
Dot matrix can be manufactured by various methods.In general, reticular density is bigger, and the 3D objects of generation are finer.Therefore the manufacturing technology of dot matrix is concentrated in micron and nanometer technology, but also includes other manufacture millimeter cm sizes, and more large scale is for the big object of stature(Such as automobile, building etc.).Micron, the manufacture method of nano-dot matrix includes MEMS methods(Chip production technology), 2D printing techniques, self assembly, template method etc..
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the solidify liquid for curing reaction includes material to be solidified, and the material to be solidified is the material for referring to occur curing reaction.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the material to be solidified includes organic material, inorganic material, metal material, metal ion materials, semi-conducting material, composite etc., but is not limited to above-mentioned material.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the organic material includes soft material and hard material.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the soft material includes silica gel.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the hard material includes polyvinyl chloride(PVC).
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the material to be solidified includes monomeric compound, first copolymer solution, solution, and the monomeric compound is selected from, but not limited to, acrylic compounds, methacrylic, acrylamide, phenylethylene, alkene, alkenyl halide, cycloolefin, maleic anhydride, alkene, alkynes, carbonyls, polymerisable oligomer, the polyethylene glycol with functional group(PEG)In one or more;The just copolymer solution includes the product of the described above-mentioned monomeric compound preliminary polymerization of small-molecular-weight;The solution includes one or more in inorganic salt solution, organic ion solution, inorganic ionic solution, inorganic oxide solution, metal ion solution.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the molecular weight of the just copolymer solution is tens to several kilodaltons, and/or the monomer extent of polymerization of the just copolymer solution is 1%-99%.
The present invention can cause the generation of more reactions, therefore, the extension of selectable material is a lot.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the solidify liquid also includes initiator.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the initiator includes radical initiator, cationic initiator, anionic initiator, plating reducing agent electronics, catalyst.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the curing reaction includes polymerisation.
The latticed form initiation solidify liquid generation curing reaction of the present invention carries out being printed as the action principle of picture can be explained by example below, for example:Totally 9 points of the dot matrix of 3 × 3, by 4 points heating that electronic-controlled installation control is wherein selected when initial, solidify liquid is heated solidify afterwards and forms solid generation pattern, the pattern for having generated is pulled upwardly after certain distance, continued to control 7 points heating selected in addition by electronic-controlled installation, solidify liquid is heated solidify afterwards and re-forms solid, produces pattern ... at the interface for forming pattern and so operates successively, is formed 3D objects.
It is a further object to provide using the equipment of the dot matrix techniques 3D printing method, including support, solidification liquid pool, also including dot matrix reaction unit.
In such scheme preferably, the support is arranged on the top of the solidification liquid pool and stretches into the solidification liquid pool, and the bottom of the support arranges print platform, and the dot matrix reaction unit is arranged on the bottom of the solidification liquid pool.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, it is provided with perforated membrane above the dot matrix reaction unit.The controllable gas of the perforated membrane passes through.Make inhibitor as the perforated membrane introduces oxygen.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the perforated membrane is Oxygen permeable film.
Oxygen can suppress the solidification of certain thickness solidify liquid, prevent from solidifying in bottom, because not being photopolymerization, perforated membrane is not required transparency, thus expand selectance.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the perforated membrane is ventilative or half ventilated membrane.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the perforated membrane is ventilative fluoro-containing copolymer film, gas permeability organic polymer films or inorganic porous membrane.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the gas permeability organic polymer films include PDMS membrane.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the inorganic porous membrane includes cellular glass.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the porous film thickness is 10 microns~100 millimeters.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the top of the perforated membrane is inhibition layer.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the top of the inhibition layer is generation layer.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the thickness of the inhibition layer is 0.01 micron~1 millimeter.
The thickness of the inhibition layer can be controlled by various conditions, such as the intake of the intake of oxygen, the pore size of perforated membrane or outer inhibiting.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the thickness of the generation layer is 0.01 micron~1 millimeter.
The thickness of the inhibition layer can be controlled by various conditions, such as the intake of solidify liquid, the rate of climb of support.
The porous film thickness, the thickness of the inhibition layer can make curing rate different with the thickness of the generation layer.
The thickness of the thickness of the inhibition layer and the generation layer can be by overhead gas pressure, oxygen content in gas, and liquid component etc. is controlling.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the support is connected with drive mechanism is risen, and the print platform rises in the presence of the rising drive mechanism, and the drive mechanism that rises includes driver and controls the controller of the driver.
On cured layer upper strata, as support is moved up, the print platform is moved up support, and the three-dimensional body rises with support and rises.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the rate of climb of the print platform is 0.01-1000
Micro- meter per second.Because curing materials are different, so the rate of climb is different, but under conditions of material permission, The faster the better for speed.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the speed during rising of the print platform is at least 0.1 second equivalent to by the generation layer time.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the solidification liquid pool is connected with solidify liquid injection channel, and solidify liquid enters generation layer by solidify liquid source by the solidify liquid injection channel.
It is preferably in any of the above-described scheme, is perforated membrane on the solidification liquid pool bottom, dot matrix plate, oxygen enters inhibition layer as inhibitor by perforated membrane.In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the solidification liquid pool is connected with inhibitor injection channel, and inhibitor enters inhibition layer by inhibitor source by the inhibitor injection channel.
In addition to oxygen gas, other inhibitor can be also added, for forming inhibition layer in the bottommost of solidification liquid pool, prevents from solidifying in bottommost, affect to print.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the inhibitor can be introduced in the bottom of solidification liquid pool, it is also possible to which in side, wall or top are introduced.
Inhibitor can be introduced by different positions, as long as inhibition layer can be formed in the bottommost of solidification liquid pool.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the equipment also includes the pressure source being associated with the solidify liquid source and/or inhibitor source.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the dot matrix reaction unit includes dot matrix plate, and dot matrix reaction initiation points are arranged on the dot matrix plate.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the dot matrix plate is heat conduction or conductive material.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the dot matrix sheet material matter is metal material, heat conduction or conductive non-metals material.
The present invention can overcome the limitation using ultraviolet Photoinitiated reactions, and in the form of dot matrix causes ultraviolet Photoinitiated reactions are instead of, and the material that continuous liquid liquid level synthetic method can be enable to select is more, and the object that can be printed is more.The present invention can make the speed of 3D printing faster, print finer.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a preferred embodiment of the equipment in the present invention using the dot matrix techniques 3D printing method;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of dot matrix reaction unit;
Fig. 3 is the photo of the printing objects of embodiment 4;
Fig. 4 is the photo of the printing objects of embodiment 5;
Fig. 5 is the photo of the printing objects of embodiment 6.
Specific embodiment
In order to further appreciate that the technical characteristic of the present invention, the present invention is set forth in reference to specific embodiment.Embodiment only has exemplary effect to the present invention, and not with any restricted effect, the modification of any unsubstantiality that those skilled in the art makes on the basis of the present invention should all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment
1
:
A kind of dot matrix techniques 3D printing method, methods described is continuous liquid interface synthetic method, and methods described causes solidify liquid generation curing reaction to be printed by latticed form.
Embodiment
2
:
With the difference is that only for embodiment 1:Methods described causes local solidification liquid generation curing reaction to be printed by latticed form.
Further, methods described utilizes dot matrix reaction unit.
Further, the dot matrix reaction unit includes dot matrix plate, and dot matrix reaction initiation points are arranged on the dot matrix plate.
Further, cause the solidify liquid at the dot matrix reaction initiation points that curing reaction occurs by electronic-controlled installation.
Further, the reaction condition that the electronic-controlled installation is controlled at the dot matrix reaction initiation points causes curing reaction.
Further, controlling the mode of reaction condition includes electric current, heating or lowers the temperature.
Further, the dot matrix reaction initiation points have shape.
Further, each described dot matrix reaction initiation points is controlled by the individually electronic-controlled installation.
Further, the shape of the dot matrix reaction initiation points includes regular shape and irregularly shaped, and the regular shape includes real point, and null point is circular, triangle, one or more in square, line, rectangle, annular.
Further, the electronic-controlled installation is by computer software control.
Further, there is curing reaction by the solidify liquid at dot matrix reaction initiation points described at least one on dot matrix plate described in the computer software control.
Further, successively to solidify, per layer of pattern for solidifying out is solidify to form methods described by the solidify liquid of the dot matrix reaction initiation points chosen.
Further, the dot matrix reaction initiation points position for being formed per layer pattern is identical or different.
Further, the density of the dot matrix reaction initiation points on the dot matrix plate is nanoscale, micron order, grade, Centimeter Level or meter level;And/or the size of the dot matrix reaction initiation points on the dot matrix plate is nanoscale, micron order, grade, Centimeter Level or meter level.
Dot matrix can be manufactured by various methods.In general, reticular density is bigger, and the 3D objects of generation are finer.Therefore the manufacturing technology of dot matrix is concentrated in micron and nanometer technology, but also includes other manufacture millimeter cm sizes, and more large scale is for the big object of stature(Such as automobile, building etc.).Micron, the manufacture method of nano-dot matrix includes MEMS methods(Chip production technology), 2D printing techniques, self assembly, template method etc..
Further, the solidify liquid for curing reaction includes material to be solidified,
Further, the material to be solidified includes organic material, inorganic material, metal material, metal ion materials, semi-conducting material, composite.
Further, the organic material includes soft material and hard material.
Further, the soft material includes silica gel.
Further, the hard material includes polyvinylchloride.
Further, the material to be solidified includes monomeric compound, first copolymer solution, solution, and the monomeric compound is selected from acrylic compounds, methacrylic, acrylamide, phenylethylene, alkene, alkenyl halide, cycloolefin, maleic anhydride, alkene, alkynes, carbonyls, polymerisable oligomer, one or more in the PEG with functional group;The just copolymer solution includes the product of the described above-mentioned monomeric compound preliminary polymerization of small-molecular-weight;The solution includes one or more in inorganic salt solution, organic ion solution, inorganic ionic solution, inorganic oxide solution, metal ion solution.
Further, the molecular weight of the just copolymer solution is tens to several kilodaltons, and/or the monomer extent of polymerization of the just copolymer solution is 1%-99%.
The present invention can cause the generation of more reactions, therefore, the extension of selectable material is a lot.
Further, the solidify liquid also includes initiator.
Further, the initiator includes radical initiator, cationic initiator, anionic initiator, plating reducing agent electronics, catalyst.
Further, the curing reaction includes polymerisation.
Embodiment
3
:
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, a kind of equipment using the dot matrix techniques 3D printing method, including support 1, solidification liquid pool 2, also including dot matrix reaction unit 3.
Further, the dot matrix reaction unit includes dot matrix plate 6, and dot matrix reaction initiation points 7 are arranged on the dot matrix plate.
Further, cause the solidify liquid at the dot matrix reaction initiation points 7 that curing reaction occurs by electronic-controlled installation.
Further, the reaction condition that the electronic-controlled installation is controlled at the dot matrix reaction initiation points 7 causes curing reaction.
Further, controlling the mode of reaction condition includes electric current, heating or lowers the temperature.
Further, each described dot matrix reaction initiation points 7 is controlled by the individually electronic-controlled installation.
Further, the dot matrix reaction initiation points 7 have shape.
Further, the shape of the dot matrix reaction initiation points 7 includes regular shape and irregularly shaped, and the regular shape includes real point, and null point is circular, triangle, one or more in square, line, rectangle, annular.
Further, the electronic-controlled installation is by computer software control.
Further, there is curing reaction by the solidify liquid at dot matrix reaction initiation points 7 described at least one on dot matrix plate 6 described in the computer software control.
Further, the support 1 is arranged on the top of the solidification liquid pool 2 and stretches into the solidification liquid pool 2, and the bottom of the support 1 arranges print platform, and the dot matrix reaction unit 3 is arranged on the bottom of the solidification liquid pool 2.
Further, it is provided with perforated membrane in the top of the dot matrix reaction unit 3.
Further, the perforated membrane is Oxygen permeable film.
Oxygen can suppress the solidification of certain thickness solidify liquid, prevent from solidifying in bottom, because not being photopolymerization, perforated membrane is not required transparency, thus expand selectance.
Further, the perforated membrane is ventilative or half ventilated membrane.
Further, the perforated membrane is ventilative fluoro-containing copolymer film, gas permeability organic polymer films or inorganic porous membrane.
Further, the gas permeability organic polymer films include PDMS membrane.
Further, the inorganic porous membrane includes cellular glass.
Further, the porous film thickness is 10 microns~100 millimeters.
Further, the top of the perforated membrane is inhibition layer 5.
Further, the top of the inhibition layer 5 is generation layer 4.
Further, the thickness of the inhibition layer 5 is 0.01 micron~1 millimeter.
Further, the thickness of the generation layer 4 is 0.01 micron~1 millimeter.
Further, the support 1 is connected with drive mechanism is risen, and the print platform rises in the presence of the rising drive mechanism, and the drive mechanism that rises includes driver and controls the controller of the driver.
On the upper strata of generation layer 4, as support 1 is moved up, the print platform is moved up support 1, and the three-dimensional body rising with support 1 and rising.
Further, the rate of climb of the print platform is the micro- meter per seconds of 0.01-1000.
Further, the speed during rising of the print platform, equivalent to by the time of the generation layer 4 0.1 second is at least.
Further, the solidification liquid pool 2 is connected with solidify liquid injection channel, and solidify liquid enters generation layer 4 by solidify liquid source by the solidify liquid injection channel.
Further, the solidification liquid pool 2 is connected with inhibitor injection channel, and inhibitor enters inhibition layer 5 by inhibitor source by the inhibitor injection channel.
Further, the inhibitor can be introduced in the bottom of solidification liquid pool, it is also possible to which in side, wall or top are introduced.As gas can be introduced at top.
Further, the equipment also includes the pressure source being associated with the solidify liquid source and/or inhibitor source.
Further, the dot matrix plate is heat conduction or conductive material.
Further, the dot matrix sheet material matter is metal material, heat conduction or conductive non-metals material.
The solidify liquid is filled in the solidification liquid pool 2 of this equipment, the dot matrix reaction unit 3 is arranged on the bottom of the solidification liquid pool 2;The perforated membrane is set on the dot matrix plate of the dot matrix reaction unit 3;The perforated membrane can be saturating for oxygen, and on the perforated membrane upper strata inhibition layer 5 is formed, and the upper strata solidify liquid of suppressible point battle array reaction unit 3 is cured;Also inhibitor can be injected into the inhibition layer 5 to suppress the upper strata solidify liquid of dot matrix reaction unit 3 to be cured;The print platform is when printing initial in generation layer 4, as printing starts, the reaction condition of the dot matrix reaction initiation points is further controlled by the electronic-controlled installation of computer software control, therefore there is polymerization curing reaction in solidify liquid of the generation layer 4 at this, and in print platform 2D patterns are produced;Then, the rising of the support 1, the reaction condition that the electronic-controlled installation continues to control at the dot matrix reaction initiation points in print platform, continue to print next layer of 2D pattern by the interface of pattern, and with being gradually increasing for the support 1,3D objects are gradually printed.
Embodiment
4
:
Column structure is printed by dot matrix techniques 3D printing method.
Material used in the present embodiment is polylysine-poly-(Ethylene glycol)-tyramine(PPT)With hydrogen peroxide and the mixture of horseradish peroxidase.
Condition:With peroxidase as catalyst, oxygen is inhibitor, and perforated membrane adopts Teflon Teflon AF 2400, generation layer thickness is 1mm, and inhibition layer thickness is 1mm, and porous film thickness is 200 μm, the support rate of climb is 1mm/min, directly with heating stove heat under dot matrix(Also can be heated using electric control), it is heated to 80 DEG C.
Liquid is injected in pond, and dot matrix begins to warm up, and after-poppet begins to ramp up within 1 minute, dot matrix continuous heating.Liquid is persistently injected in pond, certain liq thickness is kept.
By heating the dot matrix reaction initiation points on dot matrix, column structure is printed in support rising(See Fig. 3).
Embodiment
5
:
Corbeling is printed by dot matrix techniques 3D printing method.
Material used in the present embodiment is sour copper, sulfuric acid, copper chloride, polyethylene glycol and double(3- sulfopropyls)The mixture of disulphide.
Condition:With electric current initiation reaction, oxygen is inhibitor, and perforated membrane adopts Teflon Teflon AF 2400, generation layer thickness is 1mm, and inhibition layer thickness is 1mm, and porous film thickness is 200 μm, the support rate of climb is 1mm/min, and electro-reduction reaction occurs at dot matrix reaction initiation points.
Liquid is injected in pond, and dot matrix starts plus reaction, and after-poppet begins to ramp up within 1 minute, dot matrix sustained response.Liquid is persistently injected in pond, certain liq thickness is kept.
By giving the dot matrix reaction initiation points direct current on dot matrix, support rises, electrolytically generated to print pillar into fine and close copper(See Fig. 4).
Embodiment
6
:
Network structure is printed by dot matrix techniques 3D printing method.
Material used in the present embodiment is trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate and BBP(Butyl Benzyl Phthalate mixture, and by heating the dot matrix reaction initiation points on dot matrix, network structure is printed in support rising(See Fig. 5).
Condition:With peroxidase as catalyst, oxygen is inhibitor, and generation layer thickness is 1mm,
Inhibition layer thickness is 1mm, and porous film thickness is 200 μm, and the support rate of climb is 1mm/min, directly with heating stove heat under dot matrix(Also can be heated using electric control), it is heated to 80 DEG C.
Liquid is injected in pond, and dot matrix begins to warm up, and after-poppet begins to ramp up within 1 minute, dot matrix continuous heating.Liquid is persistently injected in pond, certain liq thickness is kept.