CN104923781A - 3D printing method based on self-propagating reaction - Google Patents
3D printing method based on self-propagating reaction Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a self-propagating reaction and a 3D printing technology, in particular to a 3D printing method based on a self-propagating reaction. The self-propagating chemical reaction is used in the whole printing process for heat releasing, and an outer heat source is completely or partly not needed. In the printing process, products with needed components and structures are obtained through a self-sustained reaction of fast automatic wave combustion. The printing controllability is good, the speed, the temperature, the conversion rate and the components and the structures of the products in the process are controlled by changing the releasing and transmitting speed of heat. The self-propagating reaction and the traditional 3D printing technology are combined to increase the overall printing speed, the printing period is shortened, a large quality of printed products can be obtained rapidly, and various metal powder materials can be applied. Energy does not need to be supplied continuously once ignition is conducted, compared with laser sintering, cost is lower, efficiency is higher, and equipment is simple and easy to manufacture.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to self-propagating reaction and 3D printing technique, specifically relate to a kind of 3D Method of printing based on self-propagating reaction.
Background technology
A kind of machine of 3D printer and RP technique, it is based on a kind of mathematical model file, uses powdery metal or plastics etc. can jointing material, is carried out the technology of constructed object by the mode successively printed.Use three-dimensional printer printer model, without the need to traditional cutting machine tool and tool and mould, under control of the computer according to the threedimensional model of workpiece, by by point to line, by line to face, by face to minute layer scattering of body and banking process, realize the manufacture shaping of complex three-dimensional entity fast.
Britain " economist " magazine is thought, 3D printing technique, together with other Digitalisation Manufacture Mode, will promote and realize the third time industrial revolution.At present, on market, existing various business-like 3D Method of printing and equipment thereof, comprise photocuring processes, fusion sediment method, precinct laser sintering method etc.
But mostly existing 3D printing technique is to utilize selective laser sintering, and cost is high, print speed slow, printing interval is long, and needs lasting energy supply laser sintered to support.If improve the printing effect of common 3D printer, then need the filling rate of filling rate parameter to reduce, the reduction of filling rate then causes the density of the object printed to reduce, intensity difference.And existing 3D printing technique majority is optimized for the size and precision that need the model printed, and that will beat exactly in brief is larger, faster and more smooth.These technology cannot obtain print member fast, and mass production capabilities is poor.
For this problem, devise a kind of 3D Method of printing based on self-propagating reaction.Self-propagating is a kind of technology utilizing chemical reaction self-heat generation synthetic material, the conbustion synthesis that is otherwise known as (Combustion Synthesis).Self-propagating technology utilizes chemical reaction self-heat generation, and (or part) does not need external heat source completely.The product of required composition and structure is obtained by the automatic holding reaction of auto-wave conflagration.Composition and the structure of the speed of control procedure, temperature, conversion ratio and product is come by the release and transmission speed changing heat.Self-propagating reaction is printed with 3D the technology combined, and device structure is simple, and handling safety is with low cost, can improve reaction rate, shortens printing interval, can obtain printed product by rapid, high volume, and can apply various metals dusty material.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of 3D Method of printing based on self-propagating reaction, object is printed with 3D by self-propagating reaction to combine, and improves printing effect, shortens printing interval, the acquisition printed product of rapid, high volume.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the present invention realizes like this:
Based on a 3D Method of printing for self-propagating reaction, it is characterized in that: adopt following steps:
Step one: carry out dimensional measurement and material analysis to needing the parts repaired or build;
Step 2: the data measured to 3 d modeling software typing, for needing the component modeling repaired or print, being divided into two-dimensional section by the threedimensional model built up, and cross section information is transferred to displacement controller and response controller;
Step 3: displacement controller transfers ground floor two-dimensional section information, setting filling rate is 0, the number of plies is 1, control workbench and carry out front and back, the motion of four frees degree in left and right, and control reactive moieties and move up and down, liquation fluid port is done relative motion, motion path summation forms the ground floor two-dimensional section that threedimensional model is divided into, print all the time from X-axis maximum coordinates place, move to X-axis min coordinates place, after printing, metallic solution is also in semi-molten state, brushed flat by brush board, displacement controller controls reactive moieties rising 5 ~ 10mm safe distance, control workbench edge-Y-direction and move 3 ~ 5mm, X-direction gets back to maximum coordinates place, repeat said process until ground floor two-dimensional section complete print,
Simultaneously, response controller makes first storehouse in multiple powder storehouse just to liquation fluid port, to be ignited powder by igniter, melt powder storehouse bottom cover plate, molten metal is flowed out from fluid port, is attached to position to be printed, when first storehouse molten metal is used up, moving powders storehouse supporting plate, makes next storehouse just to liquation fluid port, next storehouse of igniting; Powder storehouse fill self-propagating powder by according to the thermite of chemical reaction proportioning, slag former and form according to the metal dust that step one material analysis result is prepared;
Step 4: after ground floor two-dimensional section prints, displacement controller controls printing portion rising certain altitude, starts to print lower one deck;
Step 5: when printing all completes, printing portion moves to longitudinal axis full-size place, the response controller record time-write interval, prints materials situation.
According to above-mentioned method, aluminium base self-propagating powder weight proportioning is: 200 order Al powder 45%-50%, 200 order CaSO
4powder 32%-37%, 200 order CaF
2powder 4%-6%, 50-100 order Al powder 11%-13%.
According to above-mentioned method, copper base self-propagating powder weight proportioning is: 200 order Al powder 55%-58%, 200 order CaSO
4powder 20%-25%, 200 order CaF
2powder 4%-6%, 200 order Cu powder 10%-17%.
According to above-mentioned method, iron-based self-propagating powder weight proportioning is: 200 order Al powder 53%-57%, 200 order CaSO
4powder 22%-26%, 200 order CaF
2powder 4%-6%, 200 order Fe powder 11%-17%.
The present invention contrasts prior art and has following innovative point:
1. whole print procedure utilizes self-propagating chemical heat release, and (or part) does not need external heat source completely;
2. the automatic holding reaction burnt by fast automatic ripple in print procedure obtains the product of required composition and structure;
3. print controllability good, come composition and the structure of the speed of control procedure, temperature, conversion ratio and product by the release and transmission speed changing heat.
The present invention contrasts prior art and has following remarkable advantage:
Self-propagating reaction and traditional 3D are printed technique to combine to improve and overallly print speed, shorten printing interval.Do not need lasting energy supply once lighting, compare laser sintered cost lower, efficiency is higher, and equipment is simple, is easy to manufacture.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 based on the 3D Method of printing workflow schematic diagram of self-propagating reaction, wherein: 1-computer; 2-displacement controller; 3-3D printing portion; 4-response controller; 5-self-propagating reaction part; 6-product; 7-sensor.
Fig. 2 based on the 3D Method of printing device therefor schematic diagram of self-propagating reaction, wherein 21-parts; 22-displacement controller; 23-response controller; 24-solution fluid port; 25-powder storehouse; 26-igniter; 27-brush board.
Detailed description of the invention
Basic thought of the present invention is combined to improve 3 D-printing production efficiency with traditional 3D printing technique at self-propagating combustion reaction, reduces and print energy consumption.
In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, and this embodiment only for explaining the present invention, does not form limiting the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment one:
A kind of 3D Method of printing based on self-propagating reaction of the present invention, comprises the steps: as shown in Figure 1
Step one: will the copper flange repaired be needed to carry out being installed and carry out dimensional measurement and material analysis to flange port, obtaining copper flange port material be albronze, external diameter 200mm, internal diameter 100mm, height 30mm, wall thickness 15mm;
Step 2: use ProE for needing the copper flange modeling of repairing, and the data that typing is measured;
Step 3: the threedimensional model built up is divided into two-dimensional section, each depth of section is 5mm and by software interface, cross section information is transferred to displacement controller and response controller;
Step 4: displacement controller transfers ground floor two-dimensional section information, control X-axis motor, the half circular motion that radius is 50mm-100mm is done in y-axis motor combination, lower half circle clockwise movement, upper semi-circle counterclockwise movement, Z axis driven by motor self-propagating reaction part move to 5mm place above the copper flange mouth of pipe, make the relative 3D print platform of self-propagating reaction liquation fluid port move to the original position of the edge coordinate of ground floor two-dimensional section.Setting filling rate is 0, and the number of plies is 1, starts working.And 3D print platform moves and makes self-propagating reaction liquation fluid port do relative motion, motion path summation is circumference and forms the ground floor two-dimensional section that threedimensional model is divided into.Print from X-coordinate is 200 places, after printing, metallic solution is also in semi-molten state, brushed flat by brush board, displacement controller controls reactive moieties rising 10mm safe distance, control workbench edge-Y-direction and move 5mm, X-direction gets back to 200 places, repeats said process until ground floor two-dimensional section complete print;
Step 5: displacement controller work simultaneously, response controller is by controlling Electric Machine Control self-propagating reaction some work, reactive moieties is divided into some little storehouses by ceramic material, and each storehouse is built with self-propagating reaction Cu-base powder, and it consists of: 200 order Al powder 57%, 200 order CaSO
4powder 23%, 200 order CaF
2powder 5%, 200 order Cu-Al alloyed powder 15%.Need to print 5mm height value decision reaction needed 6 storehouse metal dust according to the ground floor two-dimensional section that model is printing, mobile self-propagating powder storehouse supporting plate, make the first storehouse just to self-propagating liquation fluid port, to be ignited Cu-base powder by igniter, melt powder storehouse bottom cover plate, metallic copper liquid is flowed out from fluid port, material is attached to alloyed copper flange position to be printed, when first storehouse molten metal is used up, mobile self-propagating powder storehouse supporting plate, make next storehouse just to self-propagating liquation fluid port, next storehouse of igniting;
Step 6: after ground floor two-dimensional section prints, alloyed copper liquation is also in semi-molten state, it is at the uniform velocity swiped through along X-direction at ground floor default printing height 5mm place that displacement controller controls brush board, ground floor upper surface is made to keep smooth, sensor feedback machined surface situation is to computer, adjustment second layer reaction height and alloy copper powder consumption, then make response controller by Z axis Electric Machine Control self-propagating part decline 5mm height, start to print lower one deck;
Step 7: when printing all completes, response controller closes self-propagating reaction liquation fluid port, and platform is moved to Z axis full-size place by displacement controller, the computer recording time-write interval, prints materials situation;
Step 8: take off copper flange, cleaning print platform, changes self-propagating reaction metal dust storehouse.
Embodiment two:
A kind of 3D Method of printing based on self-propagating reaction of the present invention comprises the steps: as shown in Figure 1
Step one: to needing the aluminium ingot mold printed to carry out dimensional measurement and material analysis, obtaining aluminium ingot mold material is cast iron, long 980mm, wide 285mm, high 180mm, wall thickness 15mm;
Step 2: use CATIA Computerized three-dimensional modeling software to be aluminium ingot mold modeling to be printed, and the data that typing is measured;
Step 3: the threedimensional model built up is divided into two-dimensional section, and by software interface, cross section information is transferred to displacement controller and response controller;
Step 4: displacement controller transfers ground floor two-dimensional section information, control X-axis motor, rectilinear motion is done in y-axis motor combination, 116mm, 100mm, the Z axis driven by motor self-propagating reaction part of advancing respectively moves to 10mm place above aluminium ingot mold, makes the relative 3D print platform of self-propagating reaction liquation fluid port move to the original position of the edge coordinate of ground floor two-dimensional section.Setting filling rate is 0, and the number of plies is 1, starts working.And 3D print platform moves and makes self-propagating reaction liquation fluid port do relative motion, motion path summation is circumference and forms the ground floor two-dimensional section that threedimensional model is divided into.Print from X-coordinate is 980 places, after printing, metallic solution is also in semi-molten state, brushed flat by brush board, displacement controller controls reactive moieties rising 10mm safe distance, control workbench edge-Y-direction and move 5mm, X-direction gets back to 980 places, repeats said process until ground floor two-dimensional section complete print; ;
Step 5: displacement controller work simultaneously, response controller is by controlling Electric Machine Control self-propagating reaction some work, reactive moieties is divided into some little storehouses by graphite material, and each storehouse is built with self-propagating reaction iron-based powder, and it consists of: 200 order Al powder 56%, 200 order CaSO
4powder 25%, 200 order CaF
2powder 5%, 200 order Fe powder 14%.Need to print 10mm height value decision reaction needed 10 storehouse metal dust according to the ground floor two-dimensional section that model is printing, mobile self-propagating powder storehouse supporting plate, make the first storehouse just to self-propagating liquation fluid port, to be ignited iron-based powder by igniter, melt powder storehouse bottom cover plate, metallic iron liquid is flowed out from fluid port, material is attached to aluminium ingot mold position to be printed, when first storehouse molten metal is used up, mobile self-propagating powder storehouse supporting plate, make next storehouse just to self-propagating liquation fluid port, next storehouse of igniting;
Step 6: after ground floor two-dimensional section prints, alloyed iron liquation is also in semi-molten state, it is at the uniform velocity swiped through along X-direction at ground floor default printing height 10mm place that displacement controller controls brush board, ground floor upper surface is made to keep smooth, sensor feedback machined surface situation is to computer, adjustment second layer reaction height and alloy iron powder consumption, then make response controller by Z axis Electric Machine Control self-propagating part decline 10mm height, start to print lower one deck;
Step 7: when printing all completes, response controller closes self-propagating reaction liquation fluid port, and platform is moved to Z axis full-size place by displacement controller, the computer recording time-write interval, prints materials situation;
Step 8: take off aluminium ingot mold, cleaning print platform, changes self-propagating reaction metal dust storehouse.
Embodiment three:
A kind of 3D Method of printing based on self-propagating reaction of the present invention comprises the steps: as shown in Figure 1
Step one: the also line up that carried out being installed by the aluminum pipe that needs are repaired carries out dimensional measurement and material analysis, and obtaining irriation aluminium pipe mouth material is aluminium alloy, diameter 130mm, wall thickness 15mm;
Step 2: use ProE for needing the aluminum pipe modeling of repairing, and the data that typing is measured;
Step 3: the threedimensional model built up is divided into two-dimensional section, each depth of section is 10mm and by software interface, cross section information is transferred to displacement controller and response controller;
Step 4: displacement controller transfers ground floor two-dimensional section information, control X-axis motor, the half circular motion that radius is 65mm is done in y-axis motor combination, lower half circle clockwise movement, upper semi-circle counterclockwise movement, Z axis driven by motor self-propagating reaction part move to 10mm place above irriation aluminium pipe mouth, make the relative 3D print platform of self-propagating reaction liquation fluid port move to the original position of the edge coordinate of ground floor two-dimensional section.Setting filling rate is 0, and the number of plies is 1, starts working.And 3D print platform moves and makes self-propagating reaction liquation fluid port do relative motion, motion path summation is circumference and forms the ground floor two-dimensional section that threedimensional model is divided into.Print from X-coordinate is 130 places, after printing, metallic solution is also in semi-molten state, brushed flat by brush board, displacement controller controls reactive moieties rising 10mm safe distance, control workbench edge-Y-direction and move 5mm, X-direction gets back to 130 places, repeats said process until ground floor two-dimensional section complete print;
Step 5: displacement controller work simultaneously, response controller is by controlling Electric Machine Control self-propagating reaction some work, reactive moieties is divided into some little storehouses by ceramic material, and each storehouse is built with self-propagating reaction aluminum-based powder, and it consists of: 200 order Al powder 48%, 200 order CaSO
4powder 34%, 200 order CaF
2powder 6%, 50 order Al powder 12%.Need to print 10mm height value decision reaction needed 3 storehouse metal dust according to the ground floor two-dimensional section that model is printing, mobile self-propagating powder storehouse supporting plate, make the first storehouse just to self-propagating liquation fluid port, to be ignited aluminum-based powder by igniter, melt powder storehouse bottom cover plate, metal aluminium liquid is flowed out from fluid port, material is attached to irriation aluminium pipe mouth position to be printed, when first storehouse molten metal is used up, mobile self-propagating powder storehouse supporting plate, make next storehouse just to self-propagating liquation fluid port, next storehouse of igniting;
Step 6: after ground floor two-dimensional section prints, alloy aluminum liquation is also in semi-molten state, it is at the uniform velocity swiped through along X-direction at ground floor default printing height 10mm place that displacement controller controls brush board, ground floor upper surface is made to keep smooth, sensor feedback machined surface situation is to computer, adjustment second layer reaction height and alloy aluminium powder consumption, then make response controller by Z axis Electric Machine Control self-propagating part decline 10mm height, start to print lower one deck;
Step 7: when printing all completes, response controller closes self-propagating reaction liquation fluid port, and platform is moved to Z axis full-size place by displacement controller, the computer recording time-write interval, prints materials situation;
Step 8: take off aluminum pipe, cleaning print platform, changes self-propagating reaction metal dust storehouse.
Claims (4)
1. based on a 3D Method of printing for self-propagating reaction, it is characterized in that: adopt following steps:
Step one: carry out dimensional measurement and material analysis to needing the parts repaired or build;
Step 2: the data measured to 3 d modeling software typing, for needing the component modeling repaired or print, being divided into two-dimensional section by the threedimensional model built up, and cross section information is transferred to displacement controller and response controller;
Step 3: displacement controller transfers ground floor two-dimensional section information, setting filling rate is 0, the number of plies is 1, control workbench and carry out front and back, the motion of four frees degree in left and right, and control reactive moieties and move up and down, liquation fluid port is done relative motion, motion path summation forms the ground floor two-dimensional section that threedimensional model is divided into, print all the time from X-axis maximum coordinates place, move to X-axis min coordinates place, after printing, metallic solution is also in semi-molten state, brushed flat by brush board, displacement controller controls reactive moieties rising 5 ~ 10mm safe distance, control workbench edge-Y-direction and move 3 ~ 5mm, X-direction gets back to maximum coordinates place, repeat said process until ground floor two-dimensional section complete print,
Simultaneously, response controller makes first storehouse in multiple powder storehouse just to liquation fluid port, to be ignited powder by igniter, melt powder storehouse bottom cover plate, molten metal is flowed out from fluid port, is attached to position to be printed, when first storehouse molten metal is used up, moving powders storehouse supporting plate, makes next storehouse just to liquation fluid port, next storehouse of igniting; Powder storehouse fill self-propagating powder by according to the thermite of chemical reaction proportioning, slag former and form according to the metal dust that step one material analysis result is prepared;
Step 4: after ground floor two-dimensional section prints, displacement controller controls printing portion rising certain altitude, starts to print lower one deck;
Step 5: when printing all completes, printing portion moves to longitudinal axis full-size place, the response controller record time-write interval, prints materials situation.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, aluminium base self-propagating powder weight proportioning is: 200 order Al powder 45%-50%, 200 order CaSO
4powder 32%-37%, 200 order CaF
2powder 4%-6%, 50-100 order Al powder 11%-13%.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, copper base self-propagating powder weight proportioning is: 200 order Al powder 55%-58%, 200 order CaSO
4powder 20%-25%, 200 order CaF
2powder 4%-6%, 200 order Cu powder 10%-17%.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, iron-based self-propagating powder weight proportioning is: 200 order Al powder 53%-57%, 200 order CaSO
4powder 22%-26%, 200 order CaF
2powder 4%-6%, 200 order Fe powder 11%-17%.
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