CN106624340B - Floating double-shaft-shoulder friction stir welding tool and method for space welding - Google Patents
Floating double-shaft-shoulder friction stir welding tool and method for space welding Download PDFInfo
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- CN106624340B CN106624340B CN201611254129.0A CN201611254129A CN106624340B CN 106624340 B CN106624340 B CN 106624340B CN 201611254129 A CN201611254129 A CN 201611254129A CN 106624340 B CN106624340 B CN 106624340B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
- B23K20/1255—Tools therefor, e.g. characterised by the shape of the probe
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/127—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding friction stir welding involving a mechanical connection
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- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
A floating double-shaft-shoulder friction stir welding tool and a method for space welding comprise a stirring head and a sleeve, at least two rolling bearings are arranged on the connecting shaft of the stirring head, each rolling bearing is connected with the connecting shaft of the stirring head through a locking bolt, the side wall of the sleeve is provided with a U-shaped groove which is in clearance fit connection with the rolling bearing along the axial direction, the length L2 of the U-shaped groove is greater than the positioning distance L1 of the rolling bearing, an adjusting bolt in threaded connection with a connecting shaft of the stirring head penetrates through the center of the top of the sleeve, a first limiting spring and a second limiting spring are sleeved on the adjusting bolt, the first limiting spring is positioned in the sleeve, the second limiting spring is positioned outside the sleeve, the adjusting bolt is screwed to change the relative position of the connecting shaft of the stirring head and the sleeve, so that the compression degree of the first limiting spring and the second limiting spring is adjusted. The invention has simple and reliable structure, easy manufacture and good use effect, and can effectively realize floating welding and space all-position welding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of friction stir welding equipment, in particular to a floating double-shaft-shoulder friction stir welding tool and method for space welding.
Background
Friction stir welding is a solid phase joining technique, has the remarkable advantages of high welding quality, small welding deformation, no environmental pollution and the like, and is considered as a preferred welding technique for low-melting-point metals such as aluminum alloy and the like. However, conventional single-shaft shoulder friction stir welding requires a back backing plate to rigidly support the workpiece to be welded, and therefore welding of hollow parts cannot be achieved. In order to solve the problem, the double-shaft-shoulder friction stir welding adopts an upper shaft shoulder and a lower shaft shoulder to weld, wherein the lower shaft shoulder replaces a back base plate to support the welded workpiece along with welding, so that the hollow part can be welded. Meanwhile, in order to adapt to the fluctuation of the spatial position of the welded workpiece, a floating type double-shaft-shoulder friction stir welding technology is developed. The technology adopts a floating design for the stirring head and the sleeve, so that the direction of the stirring head vertical to the surface of the workpiece can be changed along with the fluctuation of the spatial position of the workpiece.
However, the existing floating type double-shaft-shoulder friction stir welding technology still has some problems to be solved: (1) in the prior art, the stirring head and the sleeve are matched by a key and a key groove, for example, as disclosed in the chinese patent with publication number CN204621349U, the stirring head bears a large torque in the stirring friction welding process, so that a contact surface between the key and the key groove generates a large friction force, which hinders the relative sliding between the key and the key groove, and further, floating welding cannot be realized; (2) in the prior art, space all-position welding is difficult, for example, when transverse welding or vertical welding is carried out, a stirring head, a key and a key groove are parallel to the ground, and before the stirring head cuts into a workpiece to be welded, the stirring head is in a free sliding state in a position parallel to the ground direction and cannot be positioned, so that the difficulty is caused when the subsequent stirring head accurately cuts into the workpiece to be welded; when the flat welding or overhead welding is carried out, the stirring head, the key and the key groove are perpendicular to the ground, and due to the action of gravity, the stirring head freely slides downwards to a bottom dead center of the key groove stroke and even falls off before cutting into the welded workpiece, so that the stirring head cannot continuously float downwards or even cannot weld after cutting into the welded workpiece.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a floating type double-shaft-shoulder friction stir welding tool and a welding method thereof, which have the advantages of simple and reliable structure, easy manufacture and good use effect and can effectively realize floating type welding and space all-position welding.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the invention relates to a floating double-shaft shoulder friction stir welding tool for space welding, which is characterized in that: the stirring device comprises a stirring head and a sleeve which is movably sleeved on a connecting shaft of the stirring head, the inner diameter of the sleeve is the same as the outer diameter of the connecting shaft of the stirring head, at least two rolling bearings are axially arranged on the connecting shaft of the stirring head at intervals, each rolling bearing is connected with the connecting shaft of the stirring head through a locking bolt, a U-shaped groove which is in clearance fit connection with the rolling bearings and has the same width as the diameter of the rolling bearing is axially arranged on the side wall of the sleeve, the length L2 of the U-shaped groove is greater than the positioning distance L1 of the rolling bearings, an adjusting bolt in threaded connection with the connecting shaft of the stirring head movably penetrates through the center of the top of the sleeve, a first limiting spring and a second limiting spring are sleeved on the adjusting bolt, the first limiting spring is positioned in the sleeve and positioned on the top surface of the connecting shaft of the stirring head, the second limiting spring is positioned outside the sleeve and positioned between the top surface of the sleeve and a bolt cap of the adjusting bolt, the adjusting bolt is screwed to enable the relative position of the connecting shaft of the stirring head and the sleeve to change, so that the compression degree of the first limiting spring and the second limiting spring is adjusted, and the sleeve is connected with a main shaft of the friction stir welding machine to realize the integral rotation of the welding tool during use.
In order to facilitate the installation and the reliable rotation of the rolling bearings, a platform is axially arranged on the connecting shaft of the stirring head, and the at least two rolling bearings are positioned on the platform and are distributed in central symmetry along the length direction of the platform.
For the best use effect of the invention, five rolling bearings are arranged at equal intervals.
The invention relates to a welding method of a floating double-shaft shoulder friction stir welding tool for space welding, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, determining the size of a welding tool: determining the length L2 of the U-shaped groove according to the maximum fluctuation distance D of the surface position of the welded workpiece in the thickness direction, and ensuring that the length L2 of the U-shaped groove is greater than the sum of the positioning distance L1 of the rolling bearing and the maximum fluctuation distance D of the welded workpiece;
step two, selecting a spring: selecting a first limiting spring and a second limiting spring according to the total weight G of the stirring head, the rolling bearing and the locking bolt, so that the limit load F1 of the first limiting spring and the limit load F2 of the second limiting spring are both greater than G;
step three, adjusting the initial relative position of the welding tool: before welding, the welding tool is adjusted to a welding posture, and the relative position of a connecting shaft of the stirring head and the sleeve is adjusted through the adjusting bolt, so that the pressing state of the first limiting spring and the second limiting spring is adjusted, the elasticity of the first limiting spring and the second limiting spring is balanced with the self gravity of the stirring head, and the rolling bearings are distributed in a central symmetry mode along the length direction of the U-shaped groove;
step four, welding: and starting a main shaft of the friction stir welding machine, and translating the welding tool to cut into the butt joint of the welded workpiece for welding while the welding tool rotates along with the main shaft integrally.
Further, in the first step, the length L2 of the U-shaped groove is equal to the sum of the positioning distance L1 of the rolling bearing and the double maximum fluctuation distance D of the workpiece to be welded, i.e., L2= L1+ 2D.
Further, in the second step, the limit load F1 of the first limit spring and the limit load F2 of the second limit spring are equal to 2 times G.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the friction force of the friction stir welding device is remarkably reduced compared with the sliding friction between the key and the key groove by adopting the rolling friction structural form of the rolling bearing and the U-shaped groove, so that the relative sliding between the stirring head and the sleeve is facilitated, and the floating type welding of the double-shaft shoulder friction stir welding is effectively realized;
2. the invention eliminates the gravity influence of the stirring head through the two limiting springs, realizes the fixation of the relative position of the stirring head and the sleeve by balancing the elastic force of the springs with the gravity of the stirring head under any posture of the stirring head, and ensures that the stirring head is positioned at the center of the floating stroke, thereby not only facilitating the accurate cutting of the stirring head into a workpiece to be welded, but also ensuring that the stirring head adapts to the position fluctuation of the workpiece to be welded to the maximum extent, and being beneficial to realizing the spatial all-position welding.
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an exploded view of a bonding tool according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the bonding tool of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic sectional view in the direction of a-a in fig. 2.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-3, the floating double-shoulder friction stir welding tool for space welding according to the present invention comprises a stirring head 1 having an integrally formed connecting shaft 11, and a sleeve 2 movably sleeved on the connecting shaft 11 of the stirring head 1 and having an inner diameter identical to an outer diameter of the connecting shaft 11 of the stirring head 1, wherein at least two rolling bearings 3 are axially disposed on the connecting shaft 11 of the stirring head 1 at intervals, in this embodiment, five rolling bearings 3 are axially disposed at equal intervals, a platform 12 is axially disposed on the connecting shaft 11 of the stirring head 1, the five rolling bearings 3 are disposed on the platform 12 and are centrally symmetrically distributed along a length direction of the platform 12, threaded connecting holes 13 having the same number as the rolling bearings 3 are disposed on the platform 12, and the five rolling bearings 3 are respectively connected with the threaded connecting holes 13 on the platform 12 through locking bolts 4 in one-to-one correspondence to achieve the purpose of being connected with the stirring head 1 and the threaded connecting holes 13 on the platform 12 The connecting shaft 11 of the head 1 is connected. Furthermore, the rolling bearings 3 can also be provided in two or three or four or six or another number, depending on the actual use.
Meanwhile, a U-shaped groove 21 which is connected with the rolling bearing 3 in a clearance fit manner and has the same width as the rolling bearing 3 in diameter is axially arranged on the side wall of the sleeve 2, as shown in the figure, the U-shaped groove 21 is a groove which is in a U shape and is formed at two ends of a long strip shape, and the length L2 of the U-shaped groove 21 is greater than the positioning distance L1 of the rolling bearing 3. Meanwhile, a through hole 22 is formed in the center of the top of the sleeve 2, an adjusting bolt 8 is movably arranged in the through hole 22 in a penetrating manner, a threaded hole 14 is formed in the center of the top of the connecting shaft 11 of the stirring head 1, and one end, inserted into the sleeve 2, of the adjusting bolt 8 is in threaded connection with the threaded hole 14.
Meanwhile, a first limiting spring 5 and a second limiting spring 6 are sleeved on the adjusting bolt 8, the first limiting spring 5 is located in the sleeve 2 and is arranged on the top surface of the connecting shaft 11 of the stirring head 1, the second limiting spring 6 is located outside the sleeve 2 and is arranged between the top surface of the sleeve 2 and the bolt cap of the adjusting bolt 8, in the embodiment, the adjusting bolt 8 is sleeved with a gasket 7 located on the inner side surface of the bolt cap, and at the moment, the second limiting spring 6 is located between the top surface of the sleeve 2 and the gasket 7. During welding, the adjusting bolt 8 is screwed to change the relative position of the connecting shaft 11 of the stirring head 1 and the sleeve 2, so that the compression degrees of the first limiting spring 5 and the second limiting spring 6 are adjusted.
When in use, the welding tool is connected with the main shaft of the friction stir welding machine through the sleeve 2, so that the welding tool integrally rotates along with the main shaft of the friction stir welding machine.
The welding method by using the welding tool with the structure comprises the following steps:
step one, determining the size of a welding tool: determining the length L2 of the U-shaped groove 21 according to the maximum fluctuation distance D of the surface position of the welded workpiece in the thickness direction, and ensuring that the length L2 of the U-shaped groove 21 is greater than the sum of the positioning distance L1 of the rolling bearing 3 and the maximum fluctuation distance D of the welded workpiece; specifically, in the present embodiment, the length L2 of the U-shaped groove 21 is equal to the sum of the positioning distance L1 of the rolling bearing 3 and twice the maximum fluctuation distance D of the workpiece to be welded, i.e., L2= L1+ 2D;
step two, selecting a spring: according to the total weight G of the stirring head 1, the rolling bearing 3 and the locking bolt 4, selecting a first limiting spring 5 and a second limiting spring 6 to ensure that the limit load F1 of the first limiting spring 5 and the limit load F2 of the second limiting spring 6 are both greater than G; specifically, in the present embodiment, the limit load F1 of the first limit spring 5 and the limit load F2 of the second limit spring 6 are equal to 2 times G;
step three, adjusting the initial relative position of the welding tool: before welding, the welding tool is adjusted to a welding posture, the relative position of the connecting shaft 11 of the stirring head 1 and the sleeve 2 is adjusted through the adjusting bolt 8, so that the compression state of the first limiting spring 5 and the second limiting spring 6 is adjusted, the elasticity of the two is balanced with the self gravity of the stirring head 1, and the rolling bearings 3 are distributed in a central symmetry mode along the length direction of the U-shaped groove 21;
step four, welding: and starting a main shaft of the friction stir welding machine, and translating the welding tool to cut into the butt joint of the welded workpiece for welding while the welding tool rotates along with the main shaft integrally.
While the present invention has been described by way of examples, and not by way of limitation, other variations of the disclosed embodiments can be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing description of the invention, and such variations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A welding method using a floating double-shaft-shoulder friction stir welding tool for space welding is characterized by comprising a stirring head (1) and a sleeve (2) which is movably sleeved on a connecting shaft (11) of the stirring head (1) and has the inner diameter identical to the outer diameter of the connecting shaft (11) of the stirring head (1), wherein at least two rolling bearings (3) are axially arranged on the connecting shaft (11) of the stirring head (1) at intervals, each rolling bearing (3) is connected with the connecting shaft (11) of the stirring head (1) through a locking bolt (4), U-shaped grooves (21) which are in clearance fit connection with the rolling bearings (3) and have the width identical to the diameter of the rolling bearings (3) are axially formed in the side wall of the sleeve (2), the length L2 of each U-shaped groove (21) is greater than the positioning distance L1 of the rolling bearings (3), an adjusting bolt (8) in threaded connection with a connecting shaft (11) of the stirring head (1) is movably arranged in the center of the top of the sleeve (2), a first limiting spring (5) and a second limiting spring (6) are sleeved on the adjusting bolt (8), the first limiting spring (5) is positioned in the sleeve (2) and is arranged on the top surface of the connecting shaft (11) of the stirring head (1), the second limiting spring (6) is positioned outside the sleeve (2) and is arranged between the top surface of the sleeve (2) and a bolt cap of the adjusting bolt (8), the adjusting bolt (8) is screwed to change the relative positions of the connecting shaft (11) of the stirring head (1) and the sleeve (2) so as to adjust the compression degrees of the first limiting spring (5) and the second limiting spring (6), and the sleeve (2) is connected with a main shaft of the friction stir welding machine to realize the integral rotation of the welding tool during use, the welding method comprises the following steps:
step one, determining the size of a welding tool: determining the length L2 of the U-shaped groove (21) according to the maximum fluctuation distance D of the surface position of the welded workpiece in the thickness direction, and ensuring that the length L2 of the U-shaped groove (21) is greater than the sum of the positioning distance L1 of the rolling bearing (3) and the maximum fluctuation distance D of the welded workpiece;
step two, selecting a spring: according to the total weight G of the stirring head (1), the rolling bearing (3) and the locking bolt (4), a first limiting spring (5) and a second limiting spring (6) are selected, so that the limit load F1 of the first limiting spring (5) and the limit load F2 of the second limiting spring (6) are both larger than G;
step three, adjusting the initial relative position of the welding tool: before welding, the welding tool is adjusted to a welding posture, the relative position of a connecting shaft (11) of the stirring head (1) and the sleeve (2) is adjusted through an adjusting bolt (8), so that the pressing state of the first limiting spring (5) and the second limiting spring (6) is adjusted, the elasticity of the first limiting spring and the second limiting spring is balanced with the self gravity of the stirring head (1), and the rolling bearings (3) are distributed in a central symmetry mode along the length direction of the U-shaped groove (21);
step four, welding: and starting a main shaft of the friction stir welding machine, and translating the welding tool to cut into the butt joint of the welded workpiece for welding while the welding tool rotates along with the main shaft integrally.
2. The welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the first step, the length L2 of the U-shaped groove (21) is equal to the sum of the positioning distance L1 of the rolling bearing (3) and the double maximum fluctuation distance D of the welded workpiece, namely L2 is equal to L1+ 2D.
3. The welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the second step, the limit load F1 of the first limit spring (5) and the limit load F2 of the second limit spring (6) are equal to 2 times G.
4. The welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the welding tool, a platform (12) is axially arranged on a connecting shaft (11) of the stirring head (1), and the at least two rolling bearings (3) are positioned on the platform (12) and are distributed in central symmetry along the length direction of the platform (12).
5. The welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the welding tool, five rolling bearings (3) are provided at equal intervals.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611254129.0A CN106624340B (en) | 2016-12-30 | 2016-12-30 | Floating double-shaft-shoulder friction stir welding tool and method for space welding |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611254129.0A CN106624340B (en) | 2016-12-30 | 2016-12-30 | Floating double-shaft-shoulder friction stir welding tool and method for space welding |
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| CN106624340A CN106624340A (en) | 2017-05-10 |
| CN106624340B true CN106624340B (en) | 2022-08-26 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107175401B (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2019-09-20 | 北京世佳博科技发展有限公司 | Improve the flexible friction stir welding tool and welding method of production efficiency |
| CN107470773B (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2019-07-19 | 北京赛福斯特技术有限公司 | A kind of length-adjustable friction stir weld device of mixing needle and welding method |
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| JP2004130326A (en) * | 2002-10-08 | 2004-04-30 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Friction stirring and joining device and friction stirring and joining method |
| CN101982284A (en) * | 2010-11-04 | 2011-03-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Repair welding method and welding tool of stirring friction plug for friction preheating of telescopic shaft shoulder |
| CN103223553A (en) * | 2013-04-28 | 2013-07-31 | 江苏科技大学 | Bidirectional spacing-adjustable split-type dual-shaft-shoulder stirring friction head |
| JP2013202630A (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2013-10-07 | Ihi Corp | Friction stir welding device |
| CN204621349U (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2015-09-09 | 北京赛福斯特技术有限公司 | A kind of floating double-axis shoulder friction stir welding tool |
| CN204771124U (en) * | 2015-06-01 | 2015-11-18 | 中山市富维五金制品有限公司 | Stirring soldered connection |
| CN206500765U (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-09-19 | 广东省焊接技术研究所（广东省中乌研究院） | A kind of floating double-shaft shoulder friction stir welding tool welded for space |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105921876B (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2018-07-06 | 江苏科技大学 | The agitating friction soldering set of compression distance and torque feedback |
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2016
- 2016-12-30 CN CN201611254129.0A patent/CN106624340B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004130326A (en) * | 2002-10-08 | 2004-04-30 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Friction stirring and joining device and friction stirring and joining method |
| CN101982284A (en) * | 2010-11-04 | 2011-03-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Repair welding method and welding tool of stirring friction plug for friction preheating of telescopic shaft shoulder |
| JP2013202630A (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2013-10-07 | Ihi Corp | Friction stir welding device |
| CN103223553A (en) * | 2013-04-28 | 2013-07-31 | 江苏科技大学 | Bidirectional spacing-adjustable split-type dual-shaft-shoulder stirring friction head |
| CN204621349U (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2015-09-09 | 北京赛福斯特技术有限公司 | A kind of floating double-axis shoulder friction stir welding tool |
| CN204771124U (en) * | 2015-06-01 | 2015-11-18 | 中山市富维五金制品有限公司 | Stirring soldered connection |
| CN206500765U (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-09-19 | 广东省焊接技术研究所（广东省中乌研究院） | A kind of floating double-shaft shoulder friction stir welding tool welded for space |
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