CN106623356B - A kind of recovery method of red mud - Google Patents
A kind of recovery method of red mud Download PDFInfo
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- CN106623356B CN106623356B CN201611038639.4A CN201611038639A CN106623356B CN 106623356 B CN106623356 B CN 106623356B CN 201611038639 A CN201611038639 A CN 201611038639A CN 106623356 B CN106623356 B CN 106623356B
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- Prior art keywords
- red mud
- product
- suspension
- magnetic separation
- sodium hydroxide
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004131 Bayer process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004079 fireproofing Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of recovery methods of red mud, and red mud is mixed with sodium hydroxide, heating, after red mud melts, it is cooled to room temperature, then is dissolved out with boiling water, suspension magnetic separation, magnetisable material is washed and dried, smart iron ore is obtained, while the suspension after magnetic separation is dry, obtains heat-insulating fireproof material.The method recycles red mud, obtains iron ore concentrate and heat-insulating fireproof material, improves the utilization rate of red mud.And simple possible makes China's aluminum oxide industry obtain bigger economic benefit, social benefit for economical, effectively processing Bayer process red mud provides new thinking.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of recovery method of red mud, especially a kind of simple process, red mud at low cost, utilization rate is high
Recovery method.
Background technique
Red mud is also known as red soil, is that aluminium industry extracts the pollution waste residue being discharged when aluminium oxide.Every 1 ton of the production of average
Aluminium oxide incidentally generates 1~2 ton of red mud, and China is used as the fourth-largest alumina producing state, the world, and the red mud discharged every year up to counts
Million tons.A large amount of red mud sufficiently effective cannot utilize, and can only stack by the stockyard of large area, occupy a large amount of soils,
Also serious pollution is caused to environment.About 70,000,000 tons of the red mud that the whole world generates every year, the red mud that China generates every year is
30000000 tons or more.The generation of a large amount of red mud causes various shadows directly or indirectly to the production of the mankind, life
Ring, thus to greatest extent reduce red mud yield and harm, realize by all kinds of means, the recycling of quantity greatly it is extremely urgent.By
In the residual impurity complicated component and wrapped, alkaline, radioactivity the problems such as, red mud is difficult processing application, current processing side
Method has that utilization rate is insufficient or at high cost, complex process difficult point.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of recovery methods of red mud.The method recycles red mud, obtains
To iron ore concentrate and heat-insulating fireproof material, the utilization rate of red mud is improved.And simple possible, for economy, effectively handle Bayer process
Red mud provides new thinking, and China's aluminum oxide industry is made to obtain bigger economic benefit, social benefit.
Technical solution of the present invention:
A kind of recovery method of red mud mixes red mud with sodium hydroxide, and heating is cooled to room temperature after red mud melts, then
It is dissolved out with boiling water, suspension magnetic separation, the suspension after obtaining iron ore concentrate and magnetic separation, the suspension after magnetic separation is dry, must keep the temperature resistance
Combustible material.
The recovery method of red mud above-mentioned, specifically includes the following steps:
1, sodium hydroxide is added in red mud, mixes, obtains A product；
2, A product are heated to 900-1600 DEG C by room temperature, then cooled to room temperature, obtain B product；
3, B product are placed in the boiling water that temperature is 90-100 DEG C, are formed suspension, are obtained C product；
4, C product obtain the suspension after iron ore concentrate and magnetic separation by magnetic plant, collection, and the suspension after magnetic separation is denoted as D
Product；
5, D product are dry, obtain E product, i.e. heat-insulating fireproof material.
The method of red mud above-mentioned recycling, in the step 1, the weight ratio of red mud and sodium hydroxide are as follows: 1:2-10.
The method of red mud recycling above-mentioned, the weight ratio of the red mud and sodium hydroxide are as follows: 1:6.
The method of red mud above-mentioned recycling, the red mud include the red mud that various bauxite into alumina generate and attached
Liquid.
Compared with prior art, the method for the present invention recycles red mud, obtains iron ore concentrate and heat-insulating fireproof material,
Improve the utilization rate of red mud.And simple possible makes me for economical, effectively processing Bayer process red mud provides new thinking
State's aluminum oxide industry obtains bigger economic benefit, social benefit.Specifically have the advantages that
1, separation (red mud and the sodium hydroxide of subject component in oxidation waste slag of aluminum are realized by most basic chemical means
From room temperature to 1100 DEG C~1600 DEG C after mixing, accelerates to melt red mud by high temperature, then cool to room temperature, whole process
Middle NaOH is liquefied aluminium silico-calcium aggregate and amphoteric oxide), using the alkali solubility of the substances such as iron and sial, efficiently separate two
Substance, no matter how red mud composition changes, and is proportionally added into all separable tapping of sodium hydroxide and suspended matter.
2, simple process.Firstly, the present invention does not include the techniques such as acidleach, concentration, crystallization, thermal decomposition, kind point, roasting.Work
Skill is simple.It is reacted secondly, the method for the present invention does not have to acid, reduces consumption, saved the time, and can effectively comprehensively utilize
The active principles such as iron, silicon, aluminium.Again, than iron, the suspension application direction of other elements after the drying plays positive work
With.
3, traditional iron selection technique that carbonizable substance reduction roasting-is crushed slurrying grinding-magnetic separation, the high alkalinity after selecting iron are shortened
Material also has the ground of reasonable utilization, and raw material selection is wide, at low cost.
4, red mud is utilized, and does not generate secondary pollution, not only reached waste reclamation, but also reduced high-alkali
Property substance pollution, protect environment, saved resource, have biggish social benefit, economic benefit.
5, the performance of the performance of thermal insulation material of the present invention thermal insulation material similar with existing market is suitable, but price is more
It is low.Goal of the invention is reached.
Experimental example 1: performance of heat protective material test
1, material
1.1 thermal insulation materials of the present invention: it is produced by embodiment 1；
1.2 comparison thermal insulation materials 1: domestic (Qingdao sea)；
1.3 comparison thermal insulation materials 2: the U.S. (3M).
2, detection project and testing result
The fineness of each material, real density, thermal coefficient, mechanical strength are tested respectively, test result is shown in Table
1。
1 performance test results of table
As seen from table, performance of heat protective material of the present invention is suitable with existing performance of heat protective material.But it is kept the temperature relative to comparison
For material 1 and comparison thermal insulation material 2, the price of thermal insulation material of the present invention is lower, this is because thermal insulation material of the present invention
Raw material be the waste material (red mud and attached liquid) that is generated with bauxite into alumina for raw material, raw material is easy to get, at low cost, and does not have to
From external import, so that price is low, only 3500 yuan/ton, than 1 low 2500 yuan/ton of thermal insulation material of comparison, kept the temperature than comparison
2 low 5500 yuan/ton of material.
Embodiment 2: Flame-retardant ceramic rubber filling performance test
1 material
1.1 fire proofings of the present invention: it is produced by embodiment 1；
1.2 comparison fire proofings 1: Guizhou Jingyu Silicon Material Co., Ltd.'s production:
1.3 comparison fire proofings 2: Zhuan Xinwan are rich (import).
2, detection project and testing result
It is tested respectively to the partial size of each material, specific gravity, using temperature, test result is shown in Table 2.
Each material properties test result of table 2
| Production unit | Fire proofing of the present invention | Compare fire proofing 1 | Compare fire proofing 2 |
| Partial size D50 | 2.7-6.3μm | 2.2-7.3μm | 3.5-5.5μm |
| Specific gravity | 2.2-2.4 | 2.3±0.1 | 2.30-2.50 |
| Use temperature | 530℃ | 500℃ | 510℃ |
| Price | 40 yuan/kg | 70 yuan/kg | 85 yuan/kg |
As seen from table, fire proofing performance of the present invention is suitable with the performance of existing fire proofing.But relative to resistivity
For combustible material 1 and comparison fire proofing 2, the price of fire proofing of the present invention is lower, and price is far below market price, this is
Due to the main component silica of main fire proofing of the invention, aluminium oxide, magnesia, calcium carbonate is that waste residue provides, group
Part content is more than 30%, and there are also the sodium ions that content can be recycled is more than 19%, and raw material is easy to get, at low cost, so that
Price is low.And do not have to from external import, so that price is low, only 40 yuan/kg.Than comparing 1 low 30 yuan/kg of fire proofing,
Than comparing 2 low 85 yuan/kg of fire proofing.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1.
A kind of red mud recycling and reusing method, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) red mud is chosen；
(2) red mud of selection is quantitatively put into the crucible of chain-conveyer furnace, the sodium hydroxide of 2 times of weight of red mud, mixing is added；
(3) crucible is heated to 1600 DEG C (are conducive to the moisture content being discharged in attached liquid and protect crucible) by room temperature, then in chain
Cooled to room temperature in formula furnace；
(4) crucible is taken out from chain-conveyer furnace, is put into 100 DEG C of boiling water, material in crucible is soluble in water, it will be in pot
Block is dissolved in water entirely and forms suspension；
(5) magnetisable material in magnetic plant is washed and is dried, obtain smart iron ore by magnetic plant by suspended matter, it can
With direct ironmaking or sale；Suspension after magnetic separation can be used as production thermal insulation material main material or production plastic, rubber through drying
Fire-retardant filler raw material.
Embodiment 2.
A kind of red mud recycling and reusing method, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) red mud or red mud and its attached liquid are chosen；
(2) red mud of selection or red mud and its attached liquid are quantitatively put into the crucible of chain-conveyer furnace, 10 times of weight of red mud is added
Sodium hydroxide, mixing；
(3) crucible is heated to 900 DEG C by room temperature, is conducive to the moisture content being discharged in attached liquid protection crucible, then in chain type
Cooled to room temperature in furnace；
(4) crucible is taken out from chain-conveyer furnace, is put into 90 DEG C of boiling water, material in crucible is entirely soluble in water, it is formed
Suspension；
(5) magnetisable material in magnetic plant is washed and is dried, obtain smart iron ore by magnetic plant by suspended matter, it can
With direct ironmaking or sale；Suspension after magnetic separation can be used as production thermal insulation material main material or production plastic, rubber through drying
Fire-retardant filler raw material.
Embodiment 3.
A kind of red mud recycling and reusing method, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) red mud and its attached liquid are chosen；
(2) red mud of selection and its attached liquid are quantitatively put into the crucible of chain-conveyer furnace, the hydroxide of 6 times of weight of red mud is added
Sodium, mixing；
(3) crucible is heated to 1300 DEG C (are conducive to the moisture content being discharged in attached liquid and protect crucible) by room temperature, then in chain
Cooled to room temperature in formula furnace；
(4) crucible is taken out from chain-conveyer furnace, is put into 98 DEG C of boiling water, material in crucible is soluble in water, it will be in pot
Block is dissolved in water entirely and forms suspension；
(5) magnetisable material in magnetic plant is washed and is dried, obtain smart iron ore by magnetic plant by suspended matter, it can
With direct ironmaking or sale；Suspension after magnetic separation can be used as production thermal insulation material main material or production plastic, rubber through drying
Fire-retardant filler raw material.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of recovery method of red mud, it is characterised in that: red mud is mixed with sodium hydroxide, is heated, it is cooling after red mud melts
It is dissolved out to room temperature, then with boiling water, suspension magnetic separation, magnetisable material is washed and dried, and obtains smart iron ore, while by the suspension after magnetic separation
Liquid is dry, obtains heat-insulating fireproof material；Specifically includes the following steps:
(1) sodium hydroxide is added in red mud, mixes, obtains A product；
(2) A product are heated to 900-1600 DEG C by room temperature, then cooled to room temperature, obtain B product；
(3) B product are placed in the boiling water that temperature is 90-100 DEG C, are formed suspension, are obtained C product；
(4) C product obtain the suspension after iron ore concentrate and magnetic separation by magnetic plant, collection, and the suspension after magnetic separation is denoted as D product；
(5) D product are dry, obtain E product, i.e. heat-insulating fireproof material.
2. the method for red mud recycling as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step (1), red mud and sodium hydroxide
Weight ratio are as follows: 1:2-10.
3. the method for red mud recycling as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: the weight ratio of the red mud and sodium hydroxide
Are as follows: 1:6.
4. the recovery method of red mud as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the red mud includes various bauxite productions
The red mud and attached liquid that aluminium oxide generates.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611038639.4A CN106623356B (en) | 2016-11-23 | 2016-11-23 | A kind of recovery method of red mud |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611038639.4A CN106623356B (en) | 2016-11-23 | 2016-11-23 | A kind of recovery method of red mud |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106623356A CN106623356A (en) | 2017-05-10 |
| CN106623356B true CN106623356B (en) | 2019-05-03 |
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| CN201611038639.4A Expired - Fee Related CN106623356B (en) | 2016-11-23 | 2016-11-23 | A kind of recovery method of red mud |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108359435A (en) | 2018-02-06 | 2018-08-03 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of anchorage liquid prepared using red mud, slag and rejected well drilling liquid |
| CN110205430A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-09-06 | 广东工业大学 | A method of strengthening reduction roasting and recycles red mud iron component |
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| CN106623356A (en) | 2017-05-10 |
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