CN106621750B - Spray gun system for SCR and SNCR combined denitration of W flame boiler - Google Patents

Spray gun system for SCR and SNCR combined denitration of W flame boiler Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106621750B
CN106621750B CN201611079828.6A CN201611079828A CN106621750B CN 106621750 B CN106621750 B CN 106621750B CN 201611079828 A CN201611079828 A CN 201611079828A CN 106621750 B CN106621750 B CN 106621750B
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spray gun
flame
scr
sncr
flue gas
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CN106621750A (en
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韦耿
张定海
任凌申
胡剑红
叶茂
李健
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Dongfang Boiler Group Co Ltd
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Dongfang Boiler Group Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/75Multi-step processes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/54Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/56Nitrogen oxides

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a spray gun system for W flame boiler SCR and SNCR combined denitration, which belongs to the field of boiler flue gas denitration and comprises an SNCR spray gun and an SCR ammonia injection grid, and further comprises a flue gas mixer, wherein the flue gas mixer is arranged in a horizontal flue behind an outlet of an economizer, the SCR ammonia injection grid is arranged in a rising flue from the back of the horizontal flue to the front of an SCR denitration reactor, the SNCR spray gun consists of a front wall spray gun arranged on a front wall of a hearth and a flame-folding angle spray gun arranged at a flame-folding angle of a rear wall of the hearth, the front wall spray gun is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, the upper layer front wall spray gun is positioned above the flame-folding angle spray gun, and the lower layer front wall spray gun is positioned below the flame-folding angle spray gun. The scheme generally enhances the reliability, adjustability and safety of the SCR + SNCR combined denitration system.

Description

Spray gun system for SCR and SNCR combined denitration of W flame boiler
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of boiler flue gas denitration, and particularly relates to a denitration spray gun system for SCR and SNCR combined denitration, in particular to a denitration ultra-low emission method for a W flame boiler.
Background
A plurality of problems exist in the traditional denitration technical scheme of SCR + SNCR. When the boiler is in a high-load operation working condition, because of the limitation of an SNCR temperature window, the temperature of the position below a flame break angle of a hearth is not suitable, and meanwhile, a spray gun is difficult to arrange on the rear wall of the hearth and difficult to overcome, so that the reducing agent spray gun in the prior art can only be arranged on the front wall of an outlet area of the hearth and a flue of the outlet of the hearth, and the spray coverage of the reducing agent in the flue of the SNCR system is narrow, the mixing with flue gas is poor and the denitration efficiency is low; meanwhile, concentration deviation of reducing agents and nitrogen oxides in the flue gas caused by the SNCR system affects the flue gas inlet condition of the downstream SCR, ammonia escape of the SCR system is high, and the boiler air preheater exceeds the standard due to the ammonia escape and deposits dust.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: a new spray gun arrangement scheme of the W flame boiler SCR + SNCR denitration technology is provided, and the denitration efficiency of an SNCR system is improved; meanwhile, a large-scale flue gas mixer is additionally arranged in an outlet flue of the economizer, so that the nonuniformity of a flue gas flow field and a concentration field at the inlet of the SCR is eliminated; the invention improves the denitration rate of the SCR system, reduces ammonia escape and avoids ash deposition of the boiler air preheater due to the over standard ammonia escape. The scheme generally enhances the reliability, adjustability and safety of the SCR + SNCR combined denitration system.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a spray gun system for W flame boiler SCR and SNCR combined denitration comprises an SNCR spray gun, an SCR ammonia injection grid and a flue gas mixer, wherein the flue gas mixer is arranged in a horizontal flue behind an outlet of an economizer, the SCR ammonia injection grid is arranged in a rising flue behind the horizontal flue and in front of an SCR denitration reactor, the SNCR spray gun consists of a front wall spray gun arranged on a front wall of a hearth and a flame-folding angle spray gun arranged at a flame-folding angle of a rear wall of the hearth, the front wall spray gun is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, the upper layer front wall spray gun is positioned above the flame-folding angle spray gun, and the lower layer front wall spray gun is positioned below the flame-folding angle spray gun; the flue gas mixer is composed of a plurality of groups of mixer blade groups which are arranged in rows along the section of a flue, each group of mixer blade group is composed of a pair of mixer blades which are crossed along the flue gas direction, the crossing angle of the mixer blade group towards the flue gas direction is 60-90 degrees, and each mixer blade is composed of two straight plates which are spliced at an included angle of 60-90 degrees.
Aiming at the defects of the traditional SCR + SNCR denitration technology, the invention solves the difficulty that spray guns are arranged on the front wall in the prior art, wall type short spray guns of reducing agent are arranged at the position of a flame folding angle of the rear wall of a boiler, and the short spray guns of reducing agent are matched with the front wall type spray guns to ensure that the coverage of the reducing agent in a flue is wide enough and uniform in mixing, thereby improving the denitration efficiency of an SNCR system, and compared with the SNCR denitration efficiency of 20-30% in the prior art, the invention improves the coverage area of the spraying section to more than 80%, and the denitration efficiency can reach 50% or even higher; meanwhile, the technology that the specific flue gas mixing device is additionally arranged on the flue at the outlet of the economizer is provided, the uniformity of a flue gas flow field and a flue gas concentration field at the inlet of the SCR is improved, the denitration efficiency and the ammonia escape of a boiler system are fully ensured to meet the requirements, and the maximum deviation of the concentration of the nitric oxide and the reducing agent at the outlet of the economizer is reduced from 50% to 10% by the large-scale flue gas mixer, so that the denitration efficiency of the whole denitration system is over 90%.
Alternatively, the front wall spray guns and the flame-folding angle spray guns are horizontally arranged oppositely, and the front wall spray guns are uniformly arranged along the width of the furnace.
Alternatively, the flame-folding angle spray gun horizontally penetrates out from a lower water-cooled wall of the flame-folding angle at an included angle, and two water-cooled wall pipes adjacent to the lower water-cooled wall and the flame-folding angle spray gun bend towards the two sides while bending towards the outside of the hearth to form a water-cooled wall hole for accommodating the flame-folding angle spray gun to penetrate through.
As a further option, the flame-folding angle spray gun comprises a spray gun and a sleeve sleeved outside the spray gun, a sealing box is installed outside the sleeve, heat-preservation pouring materials are filled in the sealing box, a sealing cover plate is arranged at the end, exposed out of the spray gun, of the sleeve, an oval hole is formed in the sealing cover plate, an expansion joint is arranged in the sealing cover plate, and the spray gun penetrates through the oval hole and extends out of the water-cooling wall hole.
As a further option, the sealing cover plate is provided with an expansion joint of 3mm, and the distance between the sealing box shell and the bent starting point of the water wall pipe at the water wall hole is more than 70 mm.
In the scheme, the wall type short reducing agent spray gun is arranged at the flame folding angle position of the front wall of the boiler by adopting an innovative elliptical sealing plate perforated bent pipe technology, so that the difficulty of arranging the spray gun on the front wall in the prior art is solved.
Alternatively, the atomization average particle size range of the SNCR spray gun is 100-400 microns, and the distance between the flue gas mixer and the SCR ammonia spraying grid is more than 5 meters of flue gas travel.
Alternatively, the cross angle of the mixer blade group towards the flue gas direction is 90 degrees, and each mixer blade is formed by splicing two straight plates at an included angle of 90 degrees. In this scheme, adjustable blender blade contained angle and blade group contained angle according to actual conditions to and the length and the width of blender blade, realize different mixed effect, two preferred angles are 90.
The main scheme and each further selected scheme of the invention can be freely combined to form a plurality of schemes which are adopted and claimed by the invention; in the invention, the selection (each non-conflict selection) and other selections can be freely combined. The skilled person in the art can understand that there are many combinations, which are all the technical solutions to be protected by the present invention, according to the prior art and the common general knowledge after understanding the scheme of the present invention, and the technical solutions are not exhaustive herein.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the coverage of the reducing agent of the SNCR system in the cross section of the flue is greatly improved under the scheme shown in the patent, compared with the traditional front wall arrangement scheme, the coverage area of the spraying cross section is improved to more than 80%, the reducing agent and the flue gas are more uniformly mixed, and compared with the SNCR denitration efficiency of the prior art, the SNCR denitration efficiency of the invention is 20-30%, and can reach 50% or even higher; the large-scale flue gas mixing device that economizer export flue was add has reduced the reductant and the nitrogen oxide concentration deviation of SCR entry flue gas, reduces the component concentration deviation of traditional no blender scheme within 10% from 50% to guarantee the homogeneity of the ammonia nitrogen mole ratio on the flue cross-section, improve system denitration efficiency, whole denitration system denitration efficiency more than 90%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a spray gun system arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a flame-folding angle torch arrangement according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a water wall elbow configuration at the flame-break angle lance of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic right side view of the water cooled wall elbow of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic bottom view of the stave elbow of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a flue gas mixer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a flue gas mixer blade according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a flue gas mixer blade assembly according to an embodiment of the invention;
the method comprises the following steps of 11-flame-folding angle spray gun, 12-flue gas mixer, 13-SCR ammonia spraying grid, 14-SCR denitration reactor, 15-upper front wall spray gun, 16-lower front wall spray gun, 17-mixer blade group, 18-mixer blade, 21-spray gun, 22-sleeve, 23-seal box, 24-thermal insulation pouring material, 25-tube panel lining, 26-lower water cooling wall, 27-hanging tube, 31-oval hole, 32-flat steel, 33-water cooling wall tube, 34-expansion joint, 41-furnace front wall, 42-furnace rear wall, 43-flame-folding angle, 44-horizontal flue and 45-ascending flue.
Detailed Description
The following non-limiting examples serve to illustrate the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a spray gun system for combined denitration of a W-flame boiler by SCR and SNCR comprises an SNCR spray gun and an SCR ammonia injection grid 13, and further comprises a flue gas mixer 12, wherein the flue gas mixer 12 is arranged in a horizontal flue 44 behind an outlet of an economizer, the SCR ammonia injection grid 13 is arranged in a rising flue 45 from the rear of the horizontal flue 44 to the front of an SCR denitration reactor 14, the SNCR spray gun is composed of a front wall spray gun arranged on a front wall 41 of a hearth and a flame-folding angle spray gun 11 arranged on a flame-folding angle 43 of a rear wall 42 of the hearth, the front wall spray gun and the flame-folding angle spray gun 11 are horizontally arranged oppositely, and the front wall spray gun is uniformly arranged along the width of the furnace.
Referring to fig. 1, the front wall lance is divided into upper and lower layers, the upper layer front wall lance 15 is located above the flame-folding angle lance 11, and the lower layer front wall lance 16 is located below the flame-folding angle lance 11; referring to fig. 2-5, the folded flame angle lance 11 horizontally extends out from the lower water-cooled wall 26 of the folded flame angle 43 at an included angle, and the two water-cooled wall tubes 33 of the lower water-cooled wall 26 adjacent to the folded flame angle lance 11 are bent towards the two opposite sides while bending towards the outside of the hearth, so as to form a water-cooled wall hole for accommodating the folded flame angle lance 11 to pass through. The flame-folding angle spray gun 11 comprises a spray gun 21 and a sleeve 22 sleeved outside the spray gun 21, wherein a sealing box 23 is installed outside the sleeve 22, a heat-insulating pouring material 24 is filled in the sealing box 23, a sealing cover plate is arranged at the end, exposed out of the spray gun 21, of the sleeve 22, an oval hole 31 is formed in the sealing cover plate, an expansion gap 34 is formed in the sealing cover plate, and the spray gun 21 penetrates through the oval hole 31 and extends out of a water-cooling wall hole.
The schematic structural diagram of the flue gas mixer 12 is shown in fig. 6-8, in which an arrow indicates a flue gas direction, the flue gas mixer 12 is composed of a plurality of groups of mixer blade groups 17 arranged in rows along a flue cross section, each group of mixer blade groups 17 is composed of a pair of mixer blades 18 crossed along the flue gas direction (and the length directions of the two mixer blades 18 of the mixer blade groups 17 are parallel to two planes formed by the flue gas direction), the crossing angle alpha of the mixer blade groups 17 facing the flue gas direction (namely the length directions of the two mixer blades 18, and the included angle at one side facing the flue gas direction) is 60-90 degrees, and each mixer blade 18 is composed of two straight plates spliced at an included angle beta of 60-90 degrees; the blade length L and width W are determined according to the flue size, and the adjusting effect and running resistance of the mixer are controlled by the four parameters. The included angle of the mixer blade 18, the included angle of the mixer blade group 17, the length L and the width W of the mixer blade 18 can be adjusted according to actual conditions, different mixing effects are achieved, and resistance is controlled; after the flue gas flows through the large-scale flue gas mixer, uniformity adjustment in the width direction and the height direction of the flue can be realized.
Application example:
a W flame boiler of 300MW is applied to an SCR-SNCR (selective catalytic reduction-selective non-catalytic reduction) technical denitration system, and a reducing agent used by the SNCR system is liquid ammonia which is sprayed to a boiler furnace through a spray gun. The upper and lower two-layer spray gun is arranged on the front wall 41 of the hearth to meet the denitration requirements of different loads of the boiler, and the upper and lower spray guns are respectively 7 (the upper front wall spray gun 15 is 7, and the lower front wall spray gun 16 is 7). The position of a 42 flame-folding angle 43 of the hearth back wall is provided with 7 spray guns (7 flame-folding angle spray guns 11) which are uniformly arranged along the furnace width through a pipe bending technical measure, the flame-folding angle spray guns 11 are horizontally arranged, the spray guns 21 avoid flame-folding angle hanging beams, a sealing cover plate is provided with an expansion joint 34 of 3mm, the bending starting point of a water wall pipe 33 at the position of a shell of a sealing box 23 away from a water wall hole is more than 70mm, and the atomization average grain diameter range of an SNCR spray gun is 100-400 microns. When the SNCR system operates, the front wall spray gun and the flame-folding angle spray gun 11 act together, the upper-layer front wall spray gun 15 and the flame-folding angle spray gun 11 are put into operation under the high-load working condition, and the lower-layer front wall spray gun 16 and the flame-folding angle spray gun 11 are put into operation under the low-load working condition. The spraying coverage area in the flue reaches 90%, and the denitration efficiency of the SNCR system reaches 50%.
The large-scale flue gas mixer 12 is arranged in a flue at the outlet of the economizer, the flue gas mixer 12 is arranged in a horizontal flue 44 behind the outlet of the economizer, the SCR ammonia injection grid 13 is arranged in a rising flue 45 behind the horizontal flue 44 and in front of the SCR denitration reactor 14, the flue gas stroke of the flue gas mixer 12, which is more than 5 meters away from the SCR ammonia injection grid 13, is 90 degrees from a mixer blade group 17, 90 degrees from a mixer blade 18, the length L of the mixer blade 18 is 2500mm, the width W of the mixer blade is 400mm and the running resistance of the device is 70Pa, the maximum deviation of the concentration of nitrogen oxides and reducing agents at the outlet of the economizer is reduced from 50% to 10% by the large-scale flue gas mixer according to the size of the flue, the flue gas condition at the inlet of the SCR system is improved, and therefore the whole denitration system can run efficiently.
The nitrogen oxide at the outlet of the furnace chamber of the project boiler is 500 mg/m 3 The nitrogen oxide in the outlet flue gas reaches 45mg/m 3 And the denitration efficiency is 91%.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a spray gun system that is used for W flame boiler SCR and SNCR to unite denitration, includes SNCR spray gun and SCR and spouts ammonia grid, its characterized in that: the system also comprises a flue gas mixer, wherein the flue gas mixer is arranged in a horizontal flue behind an outlet of the economizer, an SCR ammonia injection grid is arranged in a rising flue behind the horizontal flue and in front of the SCR denitration reactor, an SNCR spray gun consists of a front wall spray gun arranged on a front wall of the hearth and a flame-folding angle spray gun arranged on a flame-folding angle of a rear wall of the hearth, the front wall spray gun is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, the upper front wall spray gun is positioned above the flame-folding angle spray gun, and the lower front wall spray gun is positioned below the flame-folding angle spray gun; the flue gas mixer is formed by arranging a plurality of groups of mixer blade groups in rows along the section of a flue, each group of mixer blade group is formed by a pair of mixer blades crossing along the flue gas direction, the crossing angle of the mixer blade group towards the flue gas direction is 60-90 degrees, and each mixer blade is formed by splicing two straight plates at an included angle of 60-90 degrees;
the flame-folding angle spray gun horizontally penetrates out from a lower water-cooled wall of the flame-folding angle at an included angle, and two water-cooled wall pipes of the lower water-cooled wall and the flame-folding angle spray gun which are adjacent bend towards two sides while bending towards the outside of the hearth to form a water-cooled wall hole for accommodating the flame-folding angle spray gun to penetrate through;
the flame-folding angle spray gun comprises a spray gun and a sleeve sleeved outside the spray gun, a sealing box is installed outside the sleeve, heat-preservation pouring materials are filled in the sealing box, a sealing cover plate is arranged at the end of the sleeve, which is exposed out of the spray gun, an elliptical hole is formed in the sealing cover plate, an expansion joint is arranged, and the spray gun penetrates through the elliptical hole and extends out of a water-cooling wall hole.
2. The lance system for W-flame boiler SCR and SNCR combined denitration of claim 1, wherein: the front wall spray gun and the flame folding angle spray gun are horizontally arranged oppositely, and the front wall spray gun is uniformly arranged along the furnace width.
3. The lance system for W-flame boiler SCR and SNCR combined denitration of claim 1, wherein: the sealing cover plate is provided with an expansion joint of 3mm, and the bending starting point of the water wall pipe at the position of the sealing box shell away from the water wall hole is more than 70 mm.
4. The lance system for W-flame boiler SCR and SNCR combined denitration of claim 1, wherein: the average atomization particle size range of the SNCR spray gun is 100-400 microns, and the distance between the flue gas mixer and the SCR ammonia spraying grid is larger than 5 meters of flue gas travel.
5. The lance system for W-flame boiler SCR and SNCR combined denitration of claim 1, wherein: the cross angle of the blade group of the mixer towards the smoke direction is 90 degrees, and each blade of the mixer is formed by splicing two straight plates at an included angle of 90 degrees.
CN201611079828.6A 2016-11-30 2016-11-30 Spray gun system for SCR and SNCR combined denitration of W flame boiler Active CN106621750B (en)

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PL233450B1 (en) * 2017-07-18 2019-10-31 Ecoenergia Spolka Z Ograniczona Odpowiedzialnoscia Method and installation for selective, non-catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides in stoker-fired boilers
CN109289573B (en) * 2018-10-16 2024-04-05 中国华电科工集团有限公司 Gas mixing device and method applied to denitration system

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