CN106621086A - Slow descending device for high-rise escape for controlling speed on basis of hydraulic throttle principle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a slow descending device for high-rise escape for controlling the speed on the basis of a hydraulic throttle principle. The device comprises a shell reel, a first piston chamber and a second piston chamber, the first piston chamber is communicated with the second piston chamber through an oil pipe which is provided with a throttle hole; the reel drives an active piston to do reciprocating motion through multiple groups of combined gears and a crank link mechanism formed by first and second crank handles and first and second links, the reciprocating motion of the active piston and a driven piston converts gravitational potential energy of human body falling into internal energy of oil, and stable and uniform falling of the human body is guaranteed. The device has the advantages of being simple in structure, small in size, convenient to store, use and maintain, stable and safe in use process and the like, high use value on high-rise slow descending escape is achieved, the problem of self-save escape after a catastrophe in a high-rise is effectively solved, and an effective means of escape is provided.

Description

A kind of high-rise life-escape slow-falling device based on hydraulic throttle principle rate controlling

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of high-rise life-escape slow-falling device, in particular, more particularly to it is a kind of based on hydraulic throttle The high-rise life-escape slow-falling device of principle rate controlling.

Background technology

With the development of society, the progress of Urbanization Construction, the form of building is just gradually to high stratification, the direction of densification Development.The raising of unit land utilization ratio, alleviates to a certain extent population and increases brought house pressure, but also brings New security challenge.When the emergency situations such as fire occur, positioned at high-rise personnel it is how quick, steady, it is safety withdraw, Become the problem that we have to consider.Traditional passway for escaping is escaped for the effect very little of high-rise trapped personnel safe escape Raw speed is excessively slow, cross fire bed the above persons need to pass through the life peace that the unfavorable factors such as pyrotechnics scope seriously threaten disaster affected people Entirely.

The main reliable rescue of fire of high-rise building personnel escape at present and two ways of saving oneself.By rescue i.e. using disappearing The equipment that anti-unit is provided is withdrawn, mostly the heavy mechanical equipment such as motor ladder or rescue helicopters.This mode can be by then Between and many factors such as space affect --- fire units rush towards scene after receiving a crime report and expansion equipment be both needed to certain hour and by Launch limited compared with large-diameter equipment in building dense degree, can only be as the ultimate guarantee of failure of saving oneself, if wanting to be effectively ensured Trapped personnel life security, also needs to coordinate and effectively saves oneself.

The mode saved oneself is divided into inside and escapes and outside escape two ways, internal to escape in addition to traditional passway for escaping, At present a kind of new escape mode risen more is praised highly by people, i.e. slide escape.Its principle is along balustrade cloth If continuous slideway from top to bottom together, when fire occurs, escape crowd can enter slideway and slide along it.The method phase Compared with traditional escape stairs, with withdrawing fireballing advantage, but for fire bed the above persons are crossed, equally also need to face to wear The more situation of pyrotechnics band, it is difficult to ensure the safety of evacuating people.

Compared to internal escape mode, pyrotechnics infringement, the people relatively low for floor can be prevented effectively from from outer the sliding of building Member's escape may be selected rope or Rope ladder for escaping, but for positioned at high-rise personnel, this mode is clearly unpractical, at this moment It is accomplished by by external equipment.Withdrawn with a safer speed using descending lifeline uniform velocity control device support staff To ground.

The development and application of speed control unit, being showing improvement or progress day by day and become increasingly advanced with science and technology, increasingly for People are received, and species is more and more.The speed control method commonly used in descending lifeline both at home and abroad at present is two kinds：Mechanical friction type With liquid flow damping formula.The former is the purpose that control speed is reached using the frictional force between increase movable part, common Type has cornerite plus manual mode, centrifugal friction type, batch impact type；The latter is using liquid flow damping by under user of service Kinetic energy during drop is converted into heat energy dissipation and falls, to reach the purpose that rate controlling delays drop.

Although existing slow descending device to a certain degree upper can reach basic use requirement, due to being tied The restriction of structure function, however it remains some shortcomings：Mechanical friction type be difficult to ensure that the use condition of operator's uniform descent and May be affected by reducing gear serious wear or locking during use, cause gliding speed too fast or stuck, be pacified Full property is poor；Fluid damping formula is minimum due to the damping under original state, so operator is to start to glide with maximal rate, and Because temperature rising liquid viscosity reduces causing damped coefficient to reduce during use, also the speeds control effect of device can be produced It is raw to affect, but relative to mechanical friction type, because this mode realizes that velocity perturbation is less and effectively keeps away by flexible damping Stuck phenomenon is exempted from.Simultaneously this mode has mechanism's bulky complex, the higher problem of manufacture, use, maintenance cost.

The content of the invention

A kind of shortcoming in order to overcome above-mentioned technical problem of the invention, there is provided high level based on hydraulic throttle principle rate controlling Life-escape slow-falling device.

The high-rise life-escape slow-falling device based on hydraulic throttle principle rate controlling of the present invention, including housing and it is arranged at housing In reel, first piston chamber and second piston chamber, wheel shaft is fixed with reel, wheel shaft is rotated and is arranged in housing, around Rope is wound with line wheel, be provided with housing for rope pass around line passage；First piston chamber and second piston chamber position In the top of reel, and wherein it is respectively arranged with relay piston, active piston；It is characterized in that：The first piston chamber with Second piston chamber is connected by oil pipe, and the throttle orifice of control slow descending device falling speed is provided with oil pipe；Active piston Piston rod is fixed with lower surface, the lower end of piston rod is fixed with pull bar, and the two ends of pull bar have been respectively articulated with first connecting rod and Two connecting rods；

The first crank gear and the second crank gear being meshed, the first crank gear and first connecting rod are provided with housing Connection is rotated, the second crank gear is rotated with second connecting rod and is connected；The end of wheel shaft is fixed with first gear, is provided with housing The second gear being meshed with first gear, is fixed with the inside of the first crank gear and is coaxial therewith and is meshed with second gear The 3rd gear.

The high-rise life-escape slow-falling device based on hydraulic throttle principle rate controlling of the present invention, including left rotary shaft and right spindle, Left rotary shaft, right spindle are mutually fixed respectively by box coupling with the left end and right-hand member of wheel shaft, and left rotary shaft and right spindle lead to Cross bearing rotation to be arranged on housing, first gear is fixed on the outer end for having rotating shaft.

The high-rise life-escape slow-falling device based on hydraulic throttle principle rate controlling of the present invention, first crank gear, the Two crank gears, second gear and the 3rd gear are rotatably arranged on housing by bearing；It is provided with housing for restricting The wire hole that rope is passed.

The throttle orifice computational methods of the high-rise life-escape slow-falling device based on hydraulic throttle principle rate controlling of the present invention, it is special Levy and be, realized by following steps：

A). parameter setting；If the internal diameter of oil pipe is D, diameter units d of throttle orifice, cross-sectional area are A, fluid warp knuckle stream A diameter of d of the contracted section that hole is formed₂, cross-sectional area be A₀；If fluid is p by the pressure before throttle orifice₁, shrink and cut Oil liquid pressure at face is p₂；

If the length of pull bar is l, the centre distance of the first crank gear for the length of e, first connecting rod and second connecting rod The distance that first connecting rod is connected thereto distance a little, the centre distance second connecting rod of the second crank gear is connected thereto a little is R； Then pass through equation below defined parameters b₁、b₂、b₃、S：

S=b₁-b₂

Wherein, b₁Pull bar is away from the first crank gear or the second crank gear center when being in upper extreme position for active piston Distance, b₂Distance of the pull bar away from the first crank gear or the second crank gear center, b when being in lower limit position for piston₃For Distance of the pull bar away from the first crank gear or the second crank gear center during any instantaneous position of piston, S is piston stroke, and θ is Angle between first connecting rod or second connecting rod and horizontal line；

B). Bernoulli equation is set up, the state of throttle orifice is analyzed in oil pipe to fluid, set up such as formula (1) institute The Bernoulli equation for showing：

Wherein, v₁It is fluid by the speed before throttle orifice, v₂For the speed of fluid at contracted section；

For according to actual size, because the internal diameter D of oil pipe is much larger than the diameter d of throttle orifice so that v₁＜ ＜ v₂, omit Formula contains v in (1)₁Item, can obtain：

Wherein, C_vFor velocity coeffficient,Δ p=p₁-p₂；

C). flow at contracted section is sought, the flow q at contracted section is asked for according to formula (3)：

Wherein, C_d=C_vC_c, C_dFor aperture discharge coefficient, C_cFor constriction coefficient, its implication is as follows：

D). the flow that piston is produced is calculated, if the safe speed declined using slow descending device is v₀, declined using rope Speed v₀The average speed of active piston motion is asked for, Z, v is set to₀=0.8～1.2m/s；The flow q ' that then piston movement is produced For：

Q '=π r²·S·2Z (4)

Wherein, r is the radius of active piston, and S is piston stroke；

E). the area of throttle orifice is asked for, combinatorial formula (3) and (4) can ask for the area of throttle orifice and be：

According to the area of the throttle orifice asked for, you can calculate the diameter of throttle orifice.

The throttle orifice computational methods of the high-rise life-escape slow-falling device based on hydraulic throttle principle rate controlling of the present invention, it is described C_vTake 0.97～0.98, C_dTake 0.7～0.8.

The throttle orifice computational methods of the high-rise life-escape slow-falling device based on hydraulic throttle principle rate controlling of the present invention, it is described Pressure p₁Take in the mean value of pressure produced by the front of throttle orifice when active piston (6) moves to least significant end, centre position, Pressure p₂The mean value of pressure produced by taking when active piston (6) moves to least significant end, centre position at the contracted section；v₁Take In the mean value of flow velocity produced by the front of throttle orifice, v when active piston (6) moves to least significant end, centre position₂Take actively When piston (6) moves to least significant end, centre position at the contracted section produced by flow velocity mean value；

If the weight of user is mg, fluid is by instantaneous pressure value p before throttle orifice₁' be：

Wherein, R_aFor the radius of reel, S_eFor the active area of piston；

The efficiency of tubing system is expressed as at throttle orifice：

Wherein, ∑ Δ p is the loss of total pressure in oil pipe, and it passes through equation below and is asked for：

Wherein, λ is frictional resistant coefficient, under turbulence state, Reynolds numberTake Δ is the roughness of tubing wall, if copper pipe, 0.0015～0.01mm of Δ.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：The throttle orifice computational methods of the high-rise life-escape slow-falling device of the present invention, using thin Wall aperture slow drop survival equipment of a brand-new high level for the Throttle Principle of liquid is devised, personnel are dropped through rope drive In reel rotation process, reel is connected by the gear of multigroup combination and by first, second crank gear and first, second " crank connecting link " mechanism of bar composition orders about active piston reciprocating motion, and the reciprocating motion of active piston and relay piston is by human body The transform gravitational energy of whereabouts is the interior energy of fluid, it is ensured that steady, the device descending at constant speed of human body.With simple structure, small volume, Storage, use, it is easy to maintenance, using process it is steady safe the features such as, for high-rise slow descent escape has higher use value, Efficiently solve the problems, such as self-help escape after high building calamity, there is provided effective escape means.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the sectional view of the high-rise life-escape slow-falling device of the present invention；

Fig. 2, Fig. 3 are the schematic diagram of transmission mechanism between reel and active piston in the present invention；

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of reel in the present invention；

Fig. 5 is the sectional view outside drawing of the high-rise life-escape slow-falling device of the present invention；

Fig. 6 is flow schematic diagram of the fluid through throttle orifice.

In figure：1 housing, 2 reels, 3 first piston chambers, 4 second piston chambers, 5 relay pistons, 6 active pistons, 7 wheel shafts, 8 oil pipes, 9 throttle orifices, 10 around line passage, 11 piston rods, 12 pull bars, 13 first connecting rods, 14 second connecting rods, 15 first gears, and 16 Second gear, 17 the 3rd gears, 18 first crank gears, 19 second crank gears, 20 bearings, 21 left rotary shafts, 22 right spindles, 23 Box coupling, 24 pins, 25 wire holes.

Specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the invention will be further described with embodiment.

As shown in figure 1, giving the sectional view of the high-rise life-escape slow-falling device of the present invention, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 gives this The schematic diagram of transmission mechanism between bright middle reel and active piston, shown lowering or hoisting gear is lived by housing 1, reel 2, first Plug chamber 3, second piston chamber 4, active piston 6, relay piston 5, wheel shaft 7, oil pipe 8 and transmission mechanism composition, shown housing 1 Inside is cavity, and reel 2 is located at the bottom of the internal cavities of housing 1, and reel 2 is fixed on wheel shaft 7, and wheel shaft 7 rotationally sets Be placed on housing 1, rope be wound with reel 2, be provided with housing 1 for rope pass around line passage 10.First lives Plug chamber 3 and second piston chamber 4 are located at the top of reel 2, and are disposed adjacent, and relay piston 5 and active piston 6 are located at respectively the In one plunger shaft 3 and second piston chamber 4.

Shown first piston chamber 3 is connected with second piston chamber 4 by oil pipe 8, and throttle orifice 9 is provided with oil pipe 8, when When active piston 6 moves to highest (minimum) position in second piston chamber 4, relay piston 5 moves to minimum in first piston chamber 3 (highest) position, is filled with fluid in first piston chamber 3, second piston chamber 4 and oil pipe 8.In fluid by first piston chamber and the Between two plunger shafts during reciprocal flowing, by the throttling of throttle orifice 9 so that active piston 6 and relay piston 5 are with certain Speed easy motion, and then ensure the steady decline of rope.

The output Jing transmission mechanisms of shown wheel shaft 7 are connected with active piston 6, shown first gear 15 and wheel shaft 7 One end is mutually fixed, and first gear 15 is meshed with second gear 16, and second gear 16 is fixed on housing 1 by bearing, to protect Demonstrate,prove freely rotating for second gear 16.Second gear 16 is meshed with the 3rd gear 17, the 3rd gear 17 and the first crank gear 18 mutually fix, and the 3rd gear 17 is coaxially disposed with the first crank gear 18.So, in the rotation process of reel 2, by first Gear 15, second gear 16, the transmission of the 3rd gear 17, you can order about the first crank gear 18 and rotate.

The first shown crank gear 18 is meshed with the second crank gear 19, and size and dimension is identical, and first is bent The crank gear 19 of handle gear 18 and second is rotatably arranged on housing 1 by bearing.It is fixed with the lower surface of active piston 6 The lower end of piston rod 11 is fixed at piston rod 11, the middle part of pull bar 12.The lower end of first connecting rod 13 by pin rotationally with First crank gear 18 is connected, and upper end is articulated with one end of pull bar 12；The lower end of second connecting rod 14 is rotatable also by pin Ground is connected with the second crank gear 19, and upper end is articulated with the other end of pull bar 12.So so that the first crank gear 18 and One connecting rod 13 and the second crank gear 19 and second connecting rod 14 define " crank connecting link " structure, so as to by the rotation of reel 2 The dynamic upper and lower reciprocating motion for being converted into active piston 6 of transhipment.

As shown in figure 5, giving the sectional view outside drawing of the high-rise life-escape slow-falling device of the present invention, shown housing 1 Top be provided with wire hole 25, so that the rope being wound on reel 2 is passed.When using, the rope for passing is fixed on On the body of wall of skyscraper or other firm components, the safety belt or load bearing equipment that housing 1 coordinates with human body is mutually fixed, with human body Fall together.

In system operation process, the gyration at reel 2 is transferred at piston and is translated into by transmission mechanism Linear reciprocating motion, and then act on internal closing fluid and circulate between two hydraulic cylinders, through throttling in flow process At hole 9, throttle orifice limits the piston speed of service by the fluid flow passed through in restricted unit time, is entered by transmission mechanism And the speed of service of whole system is limited, to reach the purpose of the slow drop of user of service's deceleration.

As shown in fig. 6, flow schematic diagram of the fluid through throttle orifice is given, in the pipeline of hydraulic system, for logical The part of flow section sudden contraction, referred to as throttling arrangement, the liquid stream of contraction place referred to as throttles.Hydraulic system according to use requirement not Realize that throttling is required using the aperture of multi-form together.Frequently with form be that thin wall small hole and elongated hole throttle, compare Both restriction characteristics, because the flow for passing through thin wall small hole is unrelated with the viscosity of fluid, i.e., liquid flowed through and caused at small holes Oil liquid temperature rise high viscosity to reduce impact to the change of flow less, it is adaptable to in equipment running process in the design The requirement of stationarity, therefore using the throttling form of Circular Thin aperture.

The throttle orifice computational methods of the high-rise life-escape slow-falling device based on hydraulic throttle principle rate controlling of the present invention, pass through Following steps are realizing：

A). parameter setting；If the internal diameter of oil pipe is D, diameter units d of throttle orifice, cross-sectional area are A, fluid warp knuckle stream A diameter of d of the contracted section that hole is formed₂, cross-sectional area be A₀；If fluid is p by the pressure before throttle orifice₁, shrink and cut Oil liquid pressure at face is p₂；

If the length of pull bar is l, the centre distance of the first crank gear for the length of e, first connecting rod and second connecting rod The distance that first connecting rod is connected thereto distance a little, the centre distance second connecting rod of the second crank gear is connected thereto a little is R； Then pass through equation below defined parameters b₁、b₂、b₃、S：

S=b₁-b₂

Wherein, b₁Pull bar is away from the first crank gear or the second crank gear center when being in upper extreme position for active piston Distance, b₂Distance of the pull bar away from the first crank gear or the second crank gear center, b when being in lower limit position for piston₃For Distance of the pull bar away from the first crank gear or the second crank gear center during any instantaneous position of piston, S is piston stroke, and θ is Angle between first connecting rod or second connecting rod and horizontal line；

B). Bernoulli equation is set up, the state of throttle orifice is analyzed in oil pipe to fluid, set up such as formula (1) institute The Bernoulli equation for showing：

Wherein, v₁It is fluid by the speed before throttle orifice, v₂For the speed of fluid at contracted section；

For according to actual size, because the internal diameter D of oil pipe is much larger than the diameter d of throttle orifice so that v₁＜ ＜ v₂, omit Formula contains v in (1)₁Item, can obtain：

Wherein, C_vFor velocity coeffficient,Δ p=p₁-p₂；

C). flow at contracted section is sought, the flow q at contracted section is asked for according to formula (3)：

Wherein, C_d=C_vC_c, C_dFor aperture discharge coefficient, C_cFor constriction coefficient, its implication is as follows：

D). the flow that piston is produced is calculated, if the safe speed declined using slow descending device is v₀, declined using rope Speed v₀The average speed of active piston motion is asked for, Z, v is set to₀=0.8～1.2m/s；The flow q ' that then piston movement is produced For：

Q '=π r²·S·2Z (4)

Wherein, r is the radius of active piston, and S is piston stroke；

E). the area of throttle orifice is asked for, combinatorial formula (3) and (4) can ask for the area of throttle orifice and be：

According to the area of the throttle orifice asked for, you can calculate the diameter of throttle orifice.

The pressure p₁Take when active piston (6) moves to least significant end, centre position produced by the front of throttle orifice The mean value of pressure, pressure p₂Pressure produced by taking when active piston (6) moves to least significant end, centre position at the contracted section Mean value；v₁Take putting down in flow velocity produced by the front of throttle orifice when active piston (6) moves to least significant end, centre position Average, v₂The mean value of flow velocity produced by taking when active piston (6) moves to least significant end, centre position at the contracted section；

If the weight of user is mg, fluid is by instantaneous pressure value p before throttle orifice₁' be：

Wherein, R_aFor the radius of reel, S_eFor the active area of piston；

The efficiency of tubing system is expressed as at throttle orifice：

Wherein, ∑ Δ p is the loss of total pressure in oil pipe, and it passes through equation below and is asked for：

Wherein, λ is frictional resistant coefficient, under turbulence state, Reynolds numberTake Δ is the roughness of tubing wall, if copper pipe, 0.0015～0.01mm of Δ.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of high-rise life-escape slow-falling device based on hydraulic throttle principle rate controlling, including housing (1) and it is arranged in housing Reel (2), first piston chamber (3) and second piston chamber (4), be fixed with wheel shaft (7) on reel, wheel shaft is rotated and is arranged at In housing, rope is wound with reel, be provided with housing for rope pass around line passage (10)；First piston chamber and Second piston chamber is located at the top of reel, and is wherein respectively arranged with relay piston (5), active piston (6)；Its feature exists In：The first piston chamber is connected with second piston chamber by oil pipe (8), and terminal-velocity under control slow descending device is provided with oil pipe The throttle orifice (9) of degree；Piston rod (11) is fixed with the lower surface of active piston, the lower end of piston rod is fixed with pull bar (12), The two ends of pull bar have been respectively articulated with first connecting rod (13) and second connecting rod (14)；

The first crank gear (18) and the second crank gear (19) being meshed, the first crank gear and first are provided with housing Link rotatable connects, and the second crank gear is rotated with second connecting rod and is connected；The end of wheel shaft is fixed with first gear (15), housing In be provided with the second gear (16) being meshed with first gear, be fixed with the inside of the first crank gear and be coaxial therewith and with The 3rd gear (17) that two gears are meshed.

2. the high-rise life-escape slow-falling device based on hydraulic throttle principle rate controlling according to claim 1, it is characterised in that： Including left rotary shaft (21) and right spindle (22), left rotary shaft, right spindle by box coupling respectively with the left end of wheel shaft (7) and Right-hand member is mutually fixed, and left rotary shaft and right spindle are rotated by bearing (20) and be arranged on housing (1), and first gear (15) is fixed on There is the outer end of rotating shaft.

3. the high-rise life-escape slow-falling device based on hydraulic throttle principle rate controlling according to claim 1 and 2, its feature exists In：First crank gear (18), the second crank gear (19), second gear (16) and the 3rd gear (17) pass through bearing It is rotatably arranged on housing (1)；The wire hole (25) passed for rope is provided with housing.

4. a kind of throttle orifice of the high-rise life-escape slow-falling device based on hydraulic throttle principle rate controlling based on described in claim 1 Computational methods, it is characterised in that realized by following steps：

A). parameter setting；If the internal diameter of oil pipe is D, diameter units d of throttle orifice, cross-sectional area are A, fluid warp knuckle discharge orifice shape Into contracted section a diameter of d₂, cross-sectional area be A₀；If fluid is p by the pressure before throttle orifice₁, at contracted section Oil liquid pressure be p₂, the density of fluid is ρ；

If the length of pull bar is l, the centre distance first of the first crank gear for the length of e, first connecting rod and second connecting rod The distance that connecting rod is connected thereto distance a little, the centre distance second connecting rod of the second crank gear is connected thereto a little is R；Then lead to Cross equation below defined parameters b₁、b₂、b₃、S：

$b_1=\sqrt{l^2-e^2}+R$

$b_2=\sqrt{l^2-e^2}-R$

$b_3=\sqrt{l^2-{(R\·sin\mathrm{\θ})}^2}+(R\·cos\mathrm{\θ})$

S=b₁-b₂

Wherein, b₁When being in upper extreme position for active piston pull bar away from the first crank gear or the second crank gear center away from From b₂Distance of the pull bar away from the first crank gear or the second crank gear center, b when being in lower limit position for piston₃For piston Distance of the pull bar away from the first crank gear or the second crank gear center during any instantaneous position, S is piston stroke, and θ is first Angle between connecting rod or second connecting rod and horizontal line；

B). Bernoulli equation is set up, the state of throttle orifice is analyzed in oil pipe to fluid, set up as shown in formula (1) Bernoulli equation：

$\frac{p_1}{\mathrm{\ρ}}+\frac{v_1^2}{2}=\frac{p_2}{\mathrm{\ρ}}+\frac{v_2^2}{2}+\mathrm{\ξ}\frac{v_2^2}{2}---\left(1\right)$

Wherein, v₁It is fluid by the speed before throttle orifice, v₂For the speed of fluid at contracted section；

For according to actual size, because the internal diameter D of oil pipe is much larger than the diameter d of throttle orifice so that v₁＜ ＜ v₂, omit formula (1) v is contained in₁Item, can obtain：

$v_2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1+\mathrm{\ξ}}}\sqrt{\frac{2}{\mathrm{\ρ}}(p_1-p_2)}=C_v\sqrt{\frac{2}{\mathrm{\ρ}}\mathrm{\Δ}p}---\left(2\right)$

Wherein, C_vFor velocity coeffficient,Δ p=p₁-p₂；

C). flow at contracted section is sought, the flow q at contracted section is asked for according to formula (3)：

$q=v_2{A}_0=C_v{C}_{c}A\sqrt{\frac{2}{\mathrm{\ρ}}\mathrm{\Δ}p}=C_{d}A\sqrt{\frac{2}{\mathrm{\ρ}}\mathrm{\Δ}p}---\left(3\right)$

Wherein, C_d=C_vC_c, C_dFor aperture discharge coefficient, C_cFor constriction coefficient, its implication is as follows：

$C_c=\frac{A_0}{A},A_0=\frac{\mathrm{\π}}{4}{d}_2^2;$

D). the flow that piston is produced is calculated, if the safe speed declined using slow descending device is v₀, the speed declined using rope v₀The average speed of active piston motion is asked for, Z, v is set to₀=0.8～1.2m/s；Then the flow q ' of piston movement generation is：

Q '=π r²·S·2Z (4)

Wherein, r is the radius of active piston, and S is piston stroke；

E). the area of throttle orifice is asked for, combinatorial formula (3) and (4) can ask for the area of throttle orifice and be：

$A=\frac{q^{\′}}{C_d\sqrt{\frac{2}{\mathrm{\ρ}}\mathrm{\Δ}p}}=\frac{2{\mathrm{\πr}}^{2}SZ}{C_d\sqrt{\frac{2}{\mathrm{\ρ}}\mathrm{\Δ}p}}$

According to the area of the throttle orifice asked for, you can calculate the diameter of throttle orifice.

5. the throttle orifice of the high-rise life-escape slow-falling device based on hydraulic throttle principle rate controlling according to claim 4 is calculated Method, it is characterised in that described C_vTake 0.97～0.98, C_dTake 0.7～0.8.

6. the throttle orifice of the high-rise life-escape slow-falling device based on hydraulic throttle principle rate controlling according to claim 4 is calculated Method, it is characterised in that：The pressure p₁Take when active piston (6) moves to least significant end, centre position in the front portion of throttle orifice The mean value of pressure, pressure p produced by position₂Take when active piston (6) moves to least significant end, centre position in contracted section place Produce the mean value of pressure；v₁Take when active piston (6) moves to least significant end, centre position produced by the front of throttle orifice The mean value of flow velocity, v₂Flow velocity is flat produced by taking when active piston (6) moves to least significant end, centre position at the contracted section Average；

If the weight of user is mg, fluid is by instantaneous pressure value p before throttle orifice₁' be：

$p_1^{\′}=\frac{\frac{mg\·R_a}{R}cos\mathrm{\θ}}{S_e}---\left(5\right)$

Wherein, R_aFor the radius of reel, S_eFor the active area of piston；

The efficiency of tubing system is expressed as at throttle orifice：

$\mathrm{\η}=\frac{p_2}{p_1}=\frac{p_1-\Σ\mathrm{\Δ}p}{p_1}=1-\frac{\Σ\mathrm{\Δ}p}{p_1}---\left(6\right)$

Wherein, ∑ Δ p is the loss of total pressure in oil pipe, and it passes through equation below and is asked for：

$\Σ\mathrm{\Δ}p=\Σ\mathrm{\λ}\frac{l}{d}\frac{{\mathrm{\ρv}}^2}{2}+\Σ\mathrm{\ξ}\frac{{\mathrm{\ρv}}^2}{2}---\left(7\right)$

Wherein, λ is frictional resistant coefficient, under turbulence state, Reynolds numberTakeΔ is The roughness of tubing wall, if copper pipe, 0.0015～0.01mm of Δ.