CN106614036B - Smell detecting and distinguishing device for avoiding aversion of small animals - Google Patents
Smell detecting and distinguishing device for avoiding aversion of small animals Download PDFInfo
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- CN106614036B CN106614036B CN201710102537.2A CN201710102537A CN106614036B CN 106614036 B CN106614036 B CN 106614036B CN 201710102537 A CN201710102537 A CN 201710102537A CN 106614036 B CN106614036 B CN 106614036B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/02—Pigsties; Dog-kennels; Rabbit-hutches or the like
- A01K1/03—Housing for domestic or laboratory animals
- A01K1/031—Cages for laboratory animals; Cages for measuring metabolism of animals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/02—Pigsties; Dog-kennels; Rabbit-hutches or the like
- A01K1/035—Devices for use in keeping domestic animals, e.g. fittings in housings or dog beds
- A01K1/0356—Feeding or drinking devices associated with cages
Abstract
The invention relates to an aversion avoidance type odor detection and identification device for small animals, which is characterized by comprising a drinking water detection device, a corridor device and an embedded micro-control computer; the drinking water detection device detects the drinking water condition of the small animals, generates corresponding event signals and transmits the event signals to the embedded micro-control computer, and the embedded micro-control computer receives the event signals, analyzes and processes the event signals and then transmits the event signals to the corresponding display for display; the corridor device is used for controlling the activity space of the small animal. The whole experimental process is full-automatic, and the method not only can accurately judge the accuracy of odor identification of the animals, but also can accurately record the decision time of the animals when making decisions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an aversion type odor detection and identification device for small animals.
Background
Olfaction is an important sensation in humans and animals and is closely related to many brain diseases such as senile dementia and parkinson's disease. Research on the sense of smell of animals (such as rats and mice) in the laboratory is not only helpful for developing new methods for treating dysosmia, but also can screen drugs that may treat or improve brain diseases related to dysosmia; however, only a few methods are available in the laboratory for evaluating the olfactory function of animals, and in the existing methods, the test accuracy is not enough and the repeatability is poor, or the test of odor discrimination can be carried out after a long period of training (3-5 days). There is currently no accurate, rapid (academic recognition within a day) and highly automated method for detecting the odor discrimination ability of animals.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is an object of the present invention to provide an odor detection and discrimination device of the small animal aversion avoidance type, which solves at least one of the above problems.
The technical scheme adopted for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: an aversion avoidance type odor detection and identification device for small animals is characterized by comprising a drinking water detection device, a corridor device and an embedded micro-control computer; the drinking water detection device detects the drinking water condition of the small animals, generates corresponding event signals and transmits the event signals to the embedded micro-control computer, and the embedded micro-control computer receives the event signals, analyzes and processes the event signals and then transmits the event signals to the corresponding display for display; the corridor device is used for controlling the activity space of the small animal.
Furthermore, the corridor device comprises a movable room, a movable corridor, an electric door, a push plate and a push rod motor; the movable chamber is connected with a movable corridor, and the movable chamber is communicated with the movable corridor; the tail end of the movable corridor is provided with a through hole.
Furthermore, the electric door is positioned at the joint of the movable room and the movable corridor, and the automatic door is connected with a micro-control computer.
Furthermore, the push plate is positioned at the far tail end of the movable corridor, and the width of the push plate is the same as that of the movable corridor; the push rod motor is positioned behind the push plate, the output end of the push rod motor is connected with the push plate, and the input end of the push rod motor is connected with the micro-control computer.
Further, the drinking water detection device comprises a gold-plated base plate and a movable water tank; the gold-plated backing plate is positioned on the movable corridor and is connected with a micro-control computer; the gold-plated backing plate and the metal vessel carry out signal transmission through the drinking water of the small animals, so that the drinking water action of the small animals is detected.
Further, the movable water tank is positioned at the lower end of the through hole of the movable corridor, wherein the movable water tank comprises a movable plate, a metal vessel, a stepping motor, a gear and a bar gear.
Furthermore, a plurality of semicircular grooves which are regularly arranged are arranged on the movable plate; the metal vessel is positioned in the groove of the movable plate; the stepping motor is fixed on the surface of the lower end of the movable corridor and is connected with the micro-control computer; the gear is connected with the output end of the stepping motor; the bar gear is fixed on the side surface of the movable plate and meshed with the gear on the stepping motor.
And the infrared pair tubes are connected with a micro-control computer, and at least two pairs of infrared pair tubes are arranged and are respectively positioned on the movable corridors on two sides of the electric door and the movable corridors on two sides of the gold-plated backing plate.
Furthermore, the system also comprises a camera for monitoring and recording the activity rule of the small animals, and the camera is connected with a micro-control computer.
Further, the miniature infrared night vision device is used for monitoring the night activity state of the small animals.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the whole experiment process is full-automatic, only the animal needs to be started and put in the experiment, and the rest is completed automatically by the animal and the device.
2. Besides accurately judging the accuracy of the odor discrimination of the animal, the device can also accurately record the decision time of the animal when making a decision, so that the device can be used for not only an odor discrimination experiment, but also a decision time experiment for testing the animal.
3. The task is simple, the animal can learn on the day of the experiment (the applicant has passed the experimental test), while many other learning-related odour discrimination systems require at least 3-5 days of learning for the animal to learn the task and then carry out odour discrimination.
4. The infrared illuminating device is adopted, and experiments can be carried out in a dark state so as to prevent the interference of light to animal behaviors.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the movable water tank.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the movable plate.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a metal vessel.
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the present invention.
In the figure, 1-camera, 2-activity room, 3-activity corridor, 4-activity water tank, 5-through hole, 6-push rod motor, 7-push plate, 8-gold plating backing plate, 9-infrared pair tube, 10-electric door, 11-infrared lighting device, 12-stepping motor, 13-gear, 14-bar gear, 15-activity board, 16-groove, 17-metal utensil.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 schematically show the configuration of a small animal aversion avoidance type odor detection and discrimination device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4 and fig. 5, the odor detection and identification device for aversion avoidance by small animals is characterized by comprising a drinking water detection device, a corridor device and an embedded micro-control computer; the drinking water detection device detects the drinking water condition of the small animals, generates corresponding event signals and transmits the event signals to the embedded micro-control computer, the embedded micro-control computer receives the event signals, analyzes and processes the event signals and then transmits the event signals to the corresponding display for displaying, and the corridor device is used for controlling the activity space of the small animals.
As shown in fig. 1, the movable room is connected with a movable corridor, and the movable room is communicated with the movable corridor; the surface of the tail end of the movable corridor is provided with a through hole.
As shown in figure 1, the movable chamber is used for small animals to move, the small animals to be tested are placed in the movable chamber, the small animals are further adaptive to the environment, and water is cut off for 48 hours before the small animals are tested, so that the small animals have strong water exploration motivation.
As shown in fig. 1, the movable corridor is connected with the movable room, and when the electric door between the movable room and the movable corridor is opened, the small animal can move from the movable room to the movable corridor.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the power door is a door driven by a motor, and the power door is connected to a micro-control computer, so that the opening and closing of the power door are controlled by the micro-control computer.
As shown in fig. 1, the push plate is positioned at the end of the movable corridor, and the width of the push plate is the same as that of the movable corridor; the push rod motor is positioned behind the push plate, the output end of the push rod motor is connected with the push plate, and the input end of the push rod motor is connected with the micro-control computer.
As shown in figures 1 and 5, when the small animal drinks water, the micro-control computer sends a control instruction to the push rod motor so as to drive the push rod motor to rotate, and the push rod motor drives the push plate to move, so that the small animal is pushed into the movable room, and the influence on the experiment due to the long-time drinking of the small animal is avoided.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the drinking water detecting device comprises a gold-plated pad and a movable water tank; the gold-plated backing plate is positioned on the movable corridor and is connected with a micro-control computer; the gold-plated backing plate and the metal vessel carry out signal transmission through mouse drinking water, so that the drinking action of the small animals is detected.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the metal vessel is connected with a safe voltage, and the lower end of the gold-plated pad is connected with a micro-control computer, so that in the process of drinking water by the small animal, the voltage on the metal vessel forms a water licking circuit through water, the body of the small animal and the gold-plated pad, so that signals are transmitted, and the purpose of detecting the drinking water action of the small animal is achieved.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, and 4, the voltage in the circuit connecting the metal vessels is 5V, the resistance is large (5M), and thus the current value is very small, so that the small animals cannot feel the voltage, thereby avoiding the influence on the experiment due to the overlarge voltage value.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the movable water tank is located at the lower end of the through hole of the movable corridor, and comprises a movable plate, a metal vessel, a stepping motor, a gear and a bar gear.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the movable plate is provided with a plurality of semicircular grooves which are regularly arranged; the metal vessel is positioned in the groove of the movable plate; the stepping motor is fixed on the surface of the lower end of the movable corridor and is connected with the micro-control computer; the gear is connected with the output end of the stepping motor; the bar gear is fixed on the bottom surface of the movable plate and meshed with the gear on the stepping motor.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the diameter of the metal vessel is directly smaller than that of the groove on the movable plate, so that the metal vessel can be conveniently placed in the groove on the movable plate.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, a water source is placed in the metal vessel, and the water source can be adjusted according to different requirements.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4, the stepping motor is connected to the micro-control computer, so that the micro-control computer sends a moving instruction of the moving plate, the stepping motor rotates, the rotation of the stepping motor drives the rotation of the gear, the gear is meshed with the bar gear, the rotation of the gear drives the movement of the bar gear, the moving of the moving plate is driven by the movement of the bar gear, the position of one of the metal utensils on the moving plate is located in the through hole of the movable corridor, and the small animals can drink water conveniently.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the distance of each movement of the movable plate is the distance between two adjacent metal vessels on the movable plate.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4, the system further comprises a camera for monitoring and recording the activity rule of the small animal, and the camera is connected with a micro-control computer.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4, an electronic switch is further disposed between the camera and the micro-control computer, an input end of the electronic switch is connected to the micro-control computer, and an output end of the electronic switch is connected to the camera; in the test process, the micro-control computer sends a control instruction to the electronic switch so as to control the electronic switch to be turned on, the camera starts to pick up the images, the information for monitoring the small animals is transmitted to the micro-control computer, the information is transmitted to the corresponding computer through the micro-control computer, and the motion state of the small animals in the test process can be checked through the computer.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, when a test is needed at night, the infrared illuminating lamp can be turned on, so that a light source is provided for the test.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the infrared illuminating lamp further comprises a control switch for controlling the infrared illuminating lamp, wherein the control switch is positioned on the outdoor surface of the movable chamber and is connected with the infrared illuminating lamp.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the infrared pair tube is used for detecting the time (t2) when the small animal moves from the movable chamber to the electric door and the time (t3) when the small animal moves from the automatic door to the gold-plated backing plate, and the time information is sent to the micro-control computer for recording and storing.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4 and fig. 5, before the start of the experiment, the water-thirsty animals (no water inflow within 48 hours) were placed in an animal activity room to be adapted to the environment, and the experiment was started after 5 minutes. At the moment, the electric door is in a closed state, and the movable water tank places the metal vessel containing the water source (drinkable or non-drinkable) at the tail end of the movable corridor in a preset mode (randomly generated by the system).
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4 and fig. 5, after the experiment begins for a plurality of times (t1, reference time: 15s, adjustable), the electric door is automatically opened, and the animal enters the movable corridor through the electric door as the animal needs to find a water source; when entering the power gate, the animal is detected by the infrared pair tube installed in the corridor and the time is recorded (t 2). The animal will find its end all the way along the corridor and when it enters the gilded pad, it will be detected by the infrared pair tube there and the time at this point will be recorded (t 3); after the animal is placed on the backing plate, the liquid contained in the metal vessel positioned in front of the animal can be detected, and whether the animal licks water is determined; a. if the animal licks water, the signal can be monitored through a water licking circuit, the time (t4) for the first time of licking water is recorded to control the water drinking amount of the animal every time, after the animal licks water for 2s for the first time (the time is adjustable), the push plate can automatically push the animal backwards through the movable corridor and enable the animal to enter the movable chamber, meanwhile, the electric door is closed, and the test is finished; b. if the animal does not lick water, after the animal enters the gold-plated backing plate (t3, 20s, adjustable), the push plate automatically pushes the animal backwards through the movable corridor and enables the animal to enter the movable chamber, meanwhile, the electric door is closed, and the test is finished; typically, 30-50 tests can be performed per animal per day.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, the water source contained in the metal vessel in each experiment is drinkable or non-drinkable, and is matched with different smells; for example, the potable water source is a: purified water with concentration of 10 -6 Isoamyl acetate (colorless, very light banana flavor); the non-potable water source is B: purified water with concentration of 10 -6 Isoamyl acetate (colorless, very light banana flavor) + quinoline at 10% concentration (colorless, odorless); after several tests (typically about 10 times), animals will associate different odors with whether the water source is potable; the resulting animal smells the odor associated with the potable water source (e.g., the lighter banana flavor in this example)) Water can be licked automatically; the animal was demonstrated to have the ability to distinguish between the odors associated with the non-potable water source (e.g., the stronger banana flavor in this example) without licking the water.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4 and fig. 5, after the animals finish the specified test times (generally 30-50 times), the results of the last 20 times of experiments are counted, the accuracy rate is over 75%, and the animals are proved to be capable of accurately distinguishing the two tested odors; otherwise the animal proved unable to distinguish between the two odors.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4 and fig. 5, in the process of testing the animal, the animal is only required to be placed in the activity room, so that the animal is repeatedly tested by licking the water circuit, the push plate and the electric door, the animal has the capability of distinguishing the odor on the same day of the test, and the time required by the test is shortened.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4 and fig. 5, the time (t 4-t 3) from the animal entering the metal pad to the first time licking water is the time when the animal makes a judgment by smelling the odor, and the time can reflect the odor distinguishing time of the animal and is an important aspect of the olfactory resolving power.
As shown in figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, the time (t 3-t 2) from the animal entering the automatic door to the animal reaching the metal pad is the time when the animal passes through the moving corridor, the time can reflect the moving state (such as the moving speed and the like) of the animal, and is an important parameter reflecting whether the moving state of the animal is normal or not.
As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3, FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the micro-controller employs a chip (e.g., L293D, EP1K100QC208-3 or A4950) for analysis, control, timing and storage.
What has been described above are merely some embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that at least one of the variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept herein, and it is intended to cover all such modifications and variations as fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. The smell detection and identification device is characterized by comprising a drinking water detection device, a corridor device and an embedded micro-control computer; the drinking water detection device detects the drinking water condition of the small animals, generates corresponding condition signals and transmits the condition signals to the embedded micro-control computer, the embedded micro-control computer receives the condition signals, analyzes and processes the condition signals and then transmits the condition signals to the corresponding display for displaying, and the corridor device is used for controlling the activity space of the small animals;
the corridor device comprises a movable room, a movable corridor, an electric door, a push plate and a push rod motor; the movable chamber is connected with the movable corridor and is communicated with the movable corridor; the surface of the tail end of the movable corridor far away from the side of the movable chamber is provided with a through hole;
the electric door is positioned at the joint of the movable room and the movable corridor and is connected with the micro-control computer;
the push plate is positioned at the tail end of the movable corridor far away from the side of the movable chamber, and the width of the push plate is the same as that of the movable corridor; the push rod motor is positioned behind the push plate, the output end of the push rod motor is connected with the push plate, and the input end of the push rod motor is connected with the micro-control computer;
the drinking water detection device comprises a gold-plated base plate and a movable water tank; the gold-plated backing plate is positioned on the movable corridor and is connected with a micro-control computer; the gold-plated backing plate and the metal vessel carry out signal transmission through the water drinking of the mice, so that the water drinking action of the mice is detected;
the movable water tank is positioned at the lower end of the through hole of the movable corridor and comprises a movable plate, a metal vessel, a stepping motor, a gear and a strip gear;
the movable plate is provided with a plurality of semicircular grooves which are regularly arranged; the metal vessel is positioned in the groove of the movable plate; the stepping motor is fixed on the surface of the lower end of the movable corridor and is connected with the micro-control computer; the gear is connected with the output end of the stepping motor; the bar gear is fixed on the side surface of the movable plate and is meshed with a gear on the stepping motor;
the device also comprises infrared pair tubes for monitoring the positions of the small animals, the infrared pair tubes are connected with a micro-control computer, and at least two pairs of the infrared pair tubes are respectively positioned on the movable corridors on the two sides of the electric door and the movable corridors on the two sides of the gold-plated backing plate.
2. The small-animal aversion-avoidance type odor detection and discrimination device according to claim 1, wherein: the system also comprises a camera for monitoring and recording the activity rule of the small animals, and the camera is connected with a micro-control computer.
3. The small-animal aversion-avoidance type odor detection and discrimination device according to claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises an infrared lighting device used for carrying out animal experiments in dark environment.
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| CN107802264A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-03-16 | 徐州医科大学 | A kind of toy sound discrimination and synchronous electricity physiological signal tape deck |
| CN107874743A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-04-06 | 徐州医科大学 | One kind record conscious mouse respiratory movement and habituation are with removing habituation device |
| CN111631163A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-08 | 华东师范大学 | Intelligent detection device and detection method for rodent food embedding experiment |
| IL283262A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2022-12-01 | Gillui Saving Lives Ltd | An automated diagnostic system comprising rodents |
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| EP1160562A1 (en) * | 2000-05-31 | 2001-12-05 | Universitair Bedrijvencentrum Antwerpen (UBCA) | Method and apparatus for the detection of a hidden element exuding a vapor |
| DE60127376T2 (en) * | 2000-07-05 | 2007-07-12 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., Kadoma | DEVICE FOR ANALYSIS |
| CN100571504C (en) * | 2008-03-14 | 2009-12-23 | 北京生命科学研究所 | A kind of animal olfaction study training method and system |
| CN102265792A (en) * | 2011-05-16 | 2011-12-07 | 浙江中医药大学 | Microcomputer-controlled automatic animal dietary behavior detection device |
| KR101948046B1 (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2019-02-15 | 한국생명공학연구원 | Odor Discrimination Training Device Using Biosensor Animal for Detecting Lung Cancer and Use Thereof |
| CN204860528U (en) * | 2015-07-14 | 2015-12-16 | 湖北第二师范学院 | Thing networking small white mouse action trainer |
| CN205426040U (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2016-08-03 | 武汉光韵达科技有限公司 | A device for testing PCB plate thickness |
| CN105903681B (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2018-09-18 | 王良田 | The automatic feeding of great circle group rearing, automatic detection, Automated Sorting System |
| CN206629697U (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-11-14 | 徐州医科大学 | Toy detests avoidance formula odor detection and condition discriminating apparatus |
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