CN106613926A - Method for irradiation-mutating japonica rice in Northeast China through heavy-ion beam C - Google Patents

Method for irradiation-mutating japonica rice in Northeast China through heavy-ion beam C Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106613926A
CN106613926A CN201611104053.3A CN201611104053A CN106613926A CN 106613926 A CN106613926 A CN 106613926A CN 201611104053 A CN201611104053 A CN 201611104053A CN 106613926 A CN106613926 A CN 106613926A
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generation
rice
irradiation
plant
plants
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杨福
李景鹏
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Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology of CAS
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Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology of CAS
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/20Cereals
    • A01G22/22Rice
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01HNEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H1/00Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
    • A01H1/06Processes for producing mutations, e.g. treatment with chemicals or with radiation

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
  • Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for irradiation-mutating japonica rice in Northeast China through aheavy-ion beam C, in particular to a breeding method of japonica rice. The method for irradiation-mutating the japonica rice in Northeast China through the heavy-ion beam C provided by the invention aims to solve the problem of low mutation rate and beneficial mutation rate of an existing heavy-ion beam irradiation method. The method comprises the steps of (1) selecting japonica rice varieties in Northeast China as irradiation materials; (2) adopting a heavy-ion accelerator as an instrument, and using the heavy-ion beam C for irradiating germ surfaces of the japonica rice in Northeast China; (3) irradiating current M0 seeds, then normally sowing, transplanting survived rice seedling individual plants, mixed harvesting, threshing and storing all seed grains on M1; (4) in the spring of next year, planting M1 individual plants to obtain M2 generation, and appearing mutated plants; (5) in the winter of the year, adding-generation planting variant plants harvested from the M2-generation individual plants to obtain M3 generation in Sanya, Hainan; (6) in the spring of next year, planting the individual plants harvested from M3 to obtain M4 generation, monitoring yield, testing seeds, and selecting materials with the roughness factor being not less than 77 percent, the head rice rate being not less than 62 percent, the amylose being ranged from 15 to 20 percent, and the chalkiness percentage being below 20 percent. The method provided by the invention is used for breeding the japonica rice in Northeast China.

Description

A kind of method of HIB C irradiation mutagenesis northeast japonica rices
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of selection of northeast japonica rice.
Background technology
The past few decades it was verified that induced-mutation technique is effective way and the side of crops germplasm innovation and breed improvement Method.HIB, as a kind of new radiation source, is the new skill of mutation breeding approach with the unexistent advantage of conventional radiation source Art.It not only has that linear energy transfer is big, relative biological effect is high, damage after recovery dynatron effect is little, the spectrum of mutation wide, progeny variation material Material proterties stabilized speed is fast, the characteristics of breeding cycle is short, and can using it with the locality of organism site of action, it is controllable Property and alternative are oriented breeding.
Before using Heavy Ion Beams Irradiation technology cultivate with high yield, stable yields, wide adaptability, it is best in quality the features such as New Spring Wheat Variety Gansu Province spoke 2, and in the ground such as Gansu, Qinghai and Ningxia spread.Meanwhile, the research institute also successively cultivates Go out the new varieties such as Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Radix Astragali mutantion line, sugar grass and the dahlia of high yield and high quality.The radiation source that in the past wheat was adopted be weight from Beamlet16O8+Ion, general mutation rate is 2.7%-4.3%, favourable mutation 0.2% or so, mutation rate and favourable mutation rate compared with It is low.
Northeast japonica rice is always world-famous for high yield and high quality, and its yield and quality is to ensureing national food security especially " grain ration " has safely status and the effect for holding the balance.However, the research of heavy ion irradiation mutagenesis northeast japonica rice and application are also It is blank.
The content of the invention
The present invention is to solve the low problem of the mutation rate and favourable mutation rate of existing Heavy Ion Beams Irradiation method, there is provided one The method for planting HIB C irradiation mutagenesis northeast japonica rices.
The method of HIB C irradiation mutagenesis northeast japonica rices of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
First, from breeding time it is partially long, Comprehensive Traits are excellent, promote year limit for length but resistance especially blast resisting is level The northeast japonica rice kind of resistance is used as exposed material.
2nd, instrument equipment is heavy ion avcceleration, and grain number is typically irradiated in HIB C irradiation northeast japonica rice embryos portion 200-250 grains, irradiation dose is 200Gy, and close rate 20Gy/ minute, exposure time 30 minutes varies the time 15 minutes.It is described Heavy ion avcceleration derives from Chinese Academy of Sciences's Lanzhou Heavy Ion Cyclotron.
3rd, according to step 2 irradiation present age M0Seed, normally sows afterwards, emergence rate 40% or so.Will survival rice shoot list This rice transplanting, 20 centimetres of 30 cm x of seeding row spacing.All plant M when ripe1Be it is half sterile, by M1Upper all solid seed mixing Harvest-seed extraction is preserved.
4th, next year spring (mid or late May), by M1All single this plants into M2Generation, while planting untreated reference substance Kind.M2, there is mutant plant, the frequency of mutation 6% or so, favourable mutation probability 2% or so in generation.Autumn is with reference to check variety by institute There is the whole strain of variation plant to harvest and number preservation.
5th, winter (11 the end of month) then, by M2Generation is added to plant into M in Sanya, Hainan for the variant that individual plant is harvested3Generation, often 1950~2050 plants of individual variant planting scale, while planting check variety.To basicly stable (i.e. with relative during fertility Genetic stability, i.e., biologically, in form, economically have relative uniformity) M3For investigation heading stage and neatly Degree;To continuing detached M3Listing mark is carried out for plant.Stable M after maturation3Generation sampling representative strains simultaneously survey product, M by cell3Generation Separate the whole strain of plant to harvest, number, species test is carried out after natural drying.Awns property, plant height, number of productive ear, grain number per spike, fringe are pressed in species test The content such as length, fringe type, setting percentage, mass of 1000 kernel, kernel seed coat colour, grain shape is carried out.95 centimetres -100 lis of plant height is selected after species test Rice, medium on the upper side, 1 branch of tiller obstruct many, 25 grams or so of mass of 1000 kernel plant.
6th, the next year spring is by M3Single this of the plant of results plants into M4Generation, 450~550 plants of scale, while planting reference substance Kind.Most M4For basicly stable, main investigation heading stage, regularity etc. during fertility, autumn cell all produce by results survey, Replace list strain species test simultaneously and determine rice quality.The index of quality includes brown rice yield, head rice rate, amylose content, glue Denseness and chalkness ratio and food flavor.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
With the method for the present invention, mutation rate can be improved, mutation rate can reach 5.8%, and progeny variation material enriches, has Beneficial type is more, favourable mutation 1.2% or so, and with reference to Hainan plus generation material settling out speed is substantially shorter, and is to cultivate high yield, excellent Matter, how anti-northeast japonica rice kind open a new technological approaches.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is not limited to act specific embodiment set forth below, also including between each specific embodiment Any combination.
Specific embodiment one:The method of present embodiment HIB C irradiation mutagenesis northeast japonica rices, including following step Suddenly:
First, from breeding time more than 140 days, Comprehensive Traits are excellent, promote more than 5 years but blast resisting is horizontal resistance Northeast japonica rice kind is used as exposed material;
2nd, instrument equipment be heavy ion avcceleration, HIB C irradiation northeast japonica rice embryos portion, irradiation grain number be 200-250 grains, irradiation dose is 200Gy, and close rate is 20Gy/ minutes, and exposure time 30 minutes varied the time for 15 minutes;
3rd, according to step 2 irradiation present age M0Seed, normally sows afterwards, by this rice transplanting of survival rice shoot list, institute when ripe There is plant M1Be it is half sterile, by M1Upper all solid seed mixing harvest-seed extractions are preserved;
4th, next year spring, by M1All single this plants into M2Generation, while planting untreated check variety, M2In generation, occurs The whole strain of all variation plants is harvested and is numbered preservation by mutant plant, autumn with reference to check variety;
5th, winter then, by M2Generation is added to plant into M in Sanya, Hainan for the variant that individual plant is harvested3It is generation, right during fertility M3Investigation heading stage in generation and regularity, to continuing detached M3Listing mark is carried out for plant, M is directed to after maturation3Generation sampling, and Survey by cell and produce, M3In generation, separates the whole strain of plant and harvests and number, and species test is carried out after natural drying, selects 95 centimetres -100 lis of plant height Rice, medium on the upper side, 1 branch of tiller obstruct many, 24~26 grams of mass of 1000 kernel plant;
6th, the next year spring is by M3Single this of the plant of results plants into M4In generation, heading stage and regularity, autumn are investigated during fertility Ji little Qu is all harvested to survey and produced, while replacing list strain species test and determining rice quality, selects brown rice yield more than 77%, head milled rice The material of rate more than 62%, amylose 15-20% and chalkness ratio below 20%.
Specific embodiment two:Present embodiment from unlike specific embodiment one:Heavy ion described in step 2 Accelerator derives from Chinese Academy of Sciences's Lanzhou Heavy Ion Cyclotron.Other are identical with specific embodiment one.
Specific embodiment three:Present embodiment from unlike specific embodiment one or two:Survive in step 3 seedling The seeding row spacing of seedling list this rice transplanting is 20 centimetres of 30 cm x.Other are identical with specific embodiment one or two.
Specific embodiment four:Unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to three:M in step 53 Each variant planting scale in generation is 1950~2050 plants.Other are identical with one of specific embodiment one to three.
Specific embodiment five:Unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to three:M in step 53 Each variant planting scale in generation is 2000 plants.Other are identical with one of specific embodiment one to three.
Specific embodiment six:Unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to five:Examine in step 5 Plant by the interior of awns property, plant height, number of productive ear, grain number per spike, spike length, fringe type, setting percentage, mass of 1000 kernel, kernel seed coat colour and grain shape Appearance is carried out.Other are identical with one of specific embodiment one to five.
Specific embodiment seven:Unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to six:M in step 64 The planting scale in generation is 450~550 plants.Other are identical with one of specific embodiment one to six.
Specific embodiment eight:Unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to six:M in step 64 The planting scale in generation is 500 plants.Other are identical with one of specific embodiment one to six.
Specific embodiment nine:Unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to eight:Step 6 semilate rice The rice index of quality includes brown rice yield, head rice rate, amylose content, gel consistence, chalkness ratio and food flavor.Other and concrete reality Apply one of mode one to eight identical.
Embodiments of the invention are elaborated below, following examples are entered under premised on technical solution of the present invention Row is implemented, and gives detailed embodiment and specific operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following realities Apply example.
Embodiment 1:A kind of method that HIB C irradiation northeast japonica rices cause variation, it is specific as follows:
First, select within 2013 in Jilin Province's plantation breeding time partially long (146 days) but the excellent Ministry of Agriculture of Comprehensive Traits is leading Original material of the logical standing grain 899 of North Japonica Rice kind as heavy ion C irradiation.
2nd, instrument equipment is Lanzhou country of Chinese Academy of Sciences heavy ion avcceleration, the selected rice paddy seed of logical standing grain 899 150, embryo portion is stained with successively on adhesive plaster upward and rolls and is placed in accelerator, using HIB C irradiation embryos portion, irradiation dose For 200Gy, close rate 20Gy/ minute, exposure time 30 minutes, the time is varied 15 minutes.
3rd, irradiation present age M0Seed is normally sowed, and physiological damage is serious, emergence rate 32% or so.Will survival rice shoot list sheet Rice transplanting, 20 centimetres of 30 cm x of seeding row spacing.All M when ripe1Plant be it is half sterile, by M1Upper all solid seed mixing are received Obtain threshing preservation.
4th, the spring in 2014 is by M1Whole seed lists originally plant into M2Generation, 1353 plants of scale, while planting the logical standing grain 899 of control. M2, there is mutant plant, the frequency of mutation 5.8%, favourable mutation rate 1.2% or so in generation.Autumn according to variation proterties such as breeding time, Simultaneously reference pair photograph has selected 78 variation individual plants for plant height, fringe type, grain type, awns property etc..The whole strain of all variation plants is harvested, numbered Preserve.
5th, the winter in 2014 is by M2In generation, 78 variants added generation in Sanya, Hainan, planted into M3In generation, simultaneously plants the logical standing grain 899 of control, 2000 plants or so of each variant planting scale.To 21 parts of basicly stable M during fertility3It is strain focal investigation heading stage, whole Qi Du;To continuing detached M3Listing mark is carried out for strain.Stable M after maturation3In generation, takes representative strains and harvests and survey product by cell, M3In generation, separates the whole strain of plant and harvests, numbers, and species test is carried out after natural drying.Species test by awns property, plant height, number of productive ear, grain number per spike, The contents such as spike length, fringe type, setting percentage, mass of 1000 kernel, kernel seed coat colour, grain shape are carried out.
6th, the spring in 2015 is by M3Single this rice transplanting of the plant of results is into M4Generation, 500 plants or so of scale, while planting the logical standing grain of control 899。M4Generation totally 289 parts of materials, 203 parts basicly stable, and wherein breeding time shortens material for 125 parts, more than 450 big ear materials 12 parts, more than 30 grams of mass of 1000 kernel, 6 parts of material, individual plant tiller 3 parts of material more than 70, fringe type can be divided into uprightly, half it is upright and Bending, grain type is round shaped grain, ellipse, long grain.Separately there are 86 parts of materials to also have different degrees of separation, therefrom select 324 to separate list again Strain.Main investigation heading stage, regularity etc. during fertility, autumn cell is all harvested to survey and produced, while replacing list strain species test simultaneously Determine rice quality.The index of quality includes brown rice yield, head rice rate, amylose content, gel consistence and chalkness ratio and food flavor.
7th, strain final election phene upper one year is stable, that Comprehensive Traits are excellent in 2016 carries out rice new strain ratio Relatively test, and while carry out multiple spot blast resisting natural appraisal, resist in planted in different ecological areas such as Jilin Province's Jiaohe, Meihekou, big peaces Saline alkali identification, resists 53 parts of (MR) rice blast above material, 11 parts of salt resistance base material in identifying, wherein there is 2 parts of materials east rice M4154, the excellent final election of eastern rice M4131 Comprehensive Traits participate in Jilin Province's paddy rice regional testing in 2017.
The offspring's new lines east rice M4154 breeding times standing grain 899 more logical than check variety for selecting shortens 10 days or so, stalk living into Ripe, setting percentage more than 93%, blast resisting, yield is high.
The better embodiment of the present invention is the foregoing is only, not to limit the present invention, all spirit in the present invention Within principle, any modification, equivalent, replacement, improvement for being made etc. should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of method of HIB C irradiation mutagenesis northeast japonica rices, it is characterised in that the method is comprised the following steps:
First, from breeding time more than the northeast that 140 days, excellent Comprehensive Traits, popularization more than 5 years but blast resisting are horizontal resistance Jing rice varieties are used as exposed material;
2nd, instrument equipment is heavy ion avcceleration, and HIB C irradiation northeast japonica rice embryos portion, irradiation grain number is 200-250 Grain, irradiation dose is 200Gy, and close rate is 20Gy/ minutes, and exposure time 30 minutes varied the time for 15 minutes;
3rd, according to step 2 irradiation present age M0Seed, normally sows afterwards, by this rice transplanting of survival rice shoot list, all plant when ripe M1Be it is half sterile, by M1Upper all solid seed mixing harvest-seed extractions are preserved;
4th, next year spring, by M1All single this plants into M2Generation, while planting untreated check variety, M2, there is mutation in generation The whole strain of all variation plants is harvested and is numbered preservation by plant, autumn with reference to check variety;
5th, winter then, by M2Generation is added to plant into M in Sanya, Hainan for the variant that individual plant is harvested3Generation, to M during fertility3Generation Investigation heading stage and regularity, to continuing detached M3Listing mark is carried out for plant, M is directed to after maturation3Generation sampling, and by little Area surveys and produces, M3In generation, separates the whole strain of plant and harvests and number, and species test is carried out after natural drying, select 95 centimetres -100 centimetres of plant height, Medium on the upper side, 1 branch of tiller obstructs many, 24~26 grams of mass of 1000 kernel plant;
6th, the next year spring is by M3Single this of the plant of results plants into M4In generation, heading stage and regularity are investigated during fertility, autumn is little Area all harvests to survey and produces, while replacing list strain species test and determining rice quality, selects brown rice yield more than 77%, head rice rate More than 62%, the material of amylose 15-20% and chalkness ratio below 20%.
2. a kind of method of HIB C irradiation mutagenesis northeast japonica rices according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 3 The seeding row spacing of middle survival rice shoot list this rice transplanting is 20 centimetres of 30 cm x.
3. a kind of method of HIB C irradiation mutagenesis northeast japonica rices according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 5 Middle M3Each variant planting scale in generation is 1950~2050 plants.
4. a kind of method of HIB C irradiation mutagenesis northeast japonica rices according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 5 Middle M3Each variant planting scale in generation is 2000 plants.
5. a kind of method of HIB C irradiation mutagenesis northeast japonica rices according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 5 Awns property, plant height, number of productive ear, grain number per spike, spike length, fringe type, setting percentage, mass of 1000 kernel, kernel seed coat colour and grain shape are pressed in middle species test Content carry out.
6. a kind of method of HIB C irradiation mutagenesis northeast japonica rices according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 6 Middle M4The planting scale in generation is 450~550 plants.
7. a kind of method of HIB C irradiation mutagenesis northeast japonica rices according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 6 Middle M4The planting scale in generation is 500 plants.
8. a kind of method of HIB C irradiation mutagenesis northeast japonica rices according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 6 The middle rice index of quality includes brown rice yield, head rice rate, amylose content, gel consistence, chalkness ratio and food flavor.
CN201611104053.3A 2016-12-05 2016-12-05 Method for irradiation-mutating japonica rice in Northeast China through heavy-ion beam C Pending CN106613926A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109984033A (en) * 2019-03-29 2019-07-09 河北省农林科学院棉花研究所(河北省农林科学院特种经济作物研究所) A method of utilizing the mutagenic obtained cotton mutant of heavy ion beam
CN111480571A (en) * 2020-04-26 2020-08-04 上海市农业科学院 Efficient hybrid japonica rice breeding method capable of reducing seed production cost
CN111742841A (en) * 2020-08-04 2020-10-09 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 Method for mutagenizing soybeans by heavy ion beam C irradiation
CN114375831A (en) * 2022-01-21 2022-04-22 中国科学院近代物理研究所 Method for mutation creation of rice seedlings by heavy ion beam radiation

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109984033A (en) * 2019-03-29 2019-07-09 河北省农林科学院棉花研究所(河北省农林科学院特种经济作物研究所) A method of utilizing the mutagenic obtained cotton mutant of heavy ion beam
CN111480571A (en) * 2020-04-26 2020-08-04 上海市农业科学院 Efficient hybrid japonica rice breeding method capable of reducing seed production cost
CN111742841A (en) * 2020-08-04 2020-10-09 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 Method for mutagenizing soybeans by heavy ion beam C irradiation
CN114375831A (en) * 2022-01-21 2022-04-22 中国科学院近代物理研究所 Method for mutation creation of rice seedlings by heavy ion beam radiation

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