CN106613527A - 一种农用温室大棚保温垫 - Google Patents
一种农用温室大棚保温垫 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开一种农用温室大棚保温垫，包括膜本体，所述膜本体表面设置有设置有连接筋，所述连接筋呈竖直设置，所述连接筋呈等距分布，所述膜本体包括铜编织层、环氧树脂胶层、聚氯乙烯层、珍珠棉、气凝胶层和聚氨酯层，所述铜编织层、环氧树脂胶层、聚氯乙烯层、珍珠棉、气凝胶层和聚氨酯层依次从外至内设置，所述聚氨酯层底部设置有镀镍层，所述镀镍层上设置有凹槽，所述凹槽剖面呈半圆形设置，本发明的农用温室大棚保温垫保温效果好，能够避免出现破损，能够有效的节能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种农用温室大棚保温垫。
背景技术
温室又称暖房。能透光、保温（或加温），用来栽培植物的设施。在不适宜植物生长的季节，能提供温室生育期和增加产量，多用于低温季节喜温蔬菜、花卉、林木等植物栽培或育苗等。温室的种类多，依不同的屋架材料、采光材料、外形及加温条件等又可分为很多种类。大型连栋式塑料温室是近十几年出现并得到迅速发展的一种温室型式。与玻璃温室相比，它具有重量轻、骨架材料用量少、结构件遮光率小、造价低、使用寿命长等优点，其环境调控能力基本上可以达到玻璃温室的相同水平，塑料温室用户接受能力在全世界范围内远远高出玻璃温室，成为现代温室发展的主流。此类温室在不同国家有不同的结构尺寸。但就总体而言，通用温室跨度在6~12m，开间在4m左右，檐高3~4m。以自然通风为主的连栋温室，在侧窗和屋脊窗联合使用时，温室最大宽度宜限制在50m以内，最好在30m左右；而以机械通风为主的联栋温室，温室最大宽度可扩大到60m，但最好限制在50m左右；对温室的长度，（从操作方便的角度来讲）最好限制在100m以内，但没有严格的要求。塑料温室主体结构一般都用热浸镀锌钢管作主体承力结构，工厂化生产，现场安装。由于塑料温室自身的重量轻，对风、雪荷载的抵抗能力弱，所以，对结构整体的稳定性要有充分考虑，一般在室内第二跨或第二开间要设置垂直斜撑，在温室的外围护结构以及屋顶上也要考虑设置必要的空间支撑。最好有斜支撑（斜拉杆）锚固于基础，形成空间受力体系。
目前现有的保温垫厚度较小，保温效果不好，容易出现破损，不能够有效的节能。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种保温效果好，能够避免出现破损，能够有效的节能的农用温室大棚保温垫。
为解决上述问题，本发明采用如下技术方案：一种农用温室大棚保温垫，包括膜本体，所述膜本体表面设置有设置有连接筋，所述连接筋呈竖直设置，所述连接筋呈等距分布，所述膜本体包括铜编织层、环氧树脂胶层、聚氯乙烯层、珍珠棉、气凝胶层和聚氨酯层，所述铜编织层、环氧树脂胶层、聚氯乙烯层、珍珠棉、气凝胶层和聚氨酯层依次从外至内设置，所述聚氨酯层底部设置有镀镍层，所述镀镍层上设置有凹槽，所述凹槽剖面呈半圆形设置。
作为优选，所述连接筋为硅橡胶连接筋，连接筋采用硅橡胶制成，可以耐低温，提升结构的抗拉强度。
作为优选，所述连接筋与铜编织层固定连接，连接处采用环氧胶进行粘合，保持环氧胶能够填充铜编织层内的间隙。
作为优选，所述凹槽呈等距分布，镀镍层表面光滑，使得凹槽具有反光效果。
作为优选，所述聚氨酯层厚度为2mm，保持效果好。
作为优选，所述聚氯乙烯层厚度为2.5mm，保持效果好。
本发明的有益效果为：设置的环氧树脂胶层、聚氯乙烯层、珍珠棉、气凝胶层和聚氨酯层使得保温效果好；设置的铜编织层能够增大结构重量，可以达到防风效果，保持结构稳定，避免出现破损；设置的镀镍层上设置有凹槽能够反射光线，能够减小大棚内人工灯具的耗电量，能够有效的节能。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种农用温室大棚保温垫的结构图。
图2为本发明一种农用温室大棚保温垫的剖面结构图。
具体实施方式
如图1和图2所示，一种农用温室大棚保温垫，包括膜本体1，所述膜本体1表面设置有设置有连接筋2，连接筋2采用硅橡胶制成，硅橡胶是指主链由硅和氧原子交替构成，硅原子上通常连有两个有机基团的橡胶。普通的硅橡胶主要由含甲基和少量乙烯基的硅氧链节组成。苯基的引入可提高硅橡胶的耐高、低温性能，三氟丙基及氰基的引入则可提高硅橡胶的耐温及耐油性能。硅橡胶耐低温性能良好，一般在-55℃下仍能工作。引入苯基后，可达-73℃。硅橡胶的耐热性能也很突出，在180℃下可长期工作，稍高于200℃也能承受数周或更长时间仍有弹性，瞬时可耐300℃以上的高温。
所述连接筋2呈竖直设置，所述连接筋2呈等距分布，所述膜本体1包括铜编织层3、环氧树脂胶层4、聚氯乙烯层5、珍珠棉6、气凝胶层7和聚氨酯层8，聚氯乙烯层5、珍珠棉6、气凝胶层7和聚氨酯层8之间也可以采用环氧胶进行粘合。所述铜编织层3、环氧树脂胶层4、聚氯乙烯层5、珍珠棉6、气凝胶层7和聚氨酯层8依次从外至内设置，珍珠棉6由低密度聚乙烯脂经物理发泡产生无数的独立气泡构成。克服了普通发泡胶易碎、变形、恢复性差的缺点，其中可以添加分子蒸馏单甘酯，作为理想的助发泡剂和抗收缩剂。为了适应环保的需求，氟里昂类发泡剂必将逐步被淘汰。它可以作为高发泡聚乙烯、聚苯乙烯的发泡剂，配合丁烷等发泡剂同用，有非常良好的效果。而且、应用分子蒸馏单甘酯的塑料发泡制品表面十分光滑洁亮、不产生收缩现象。
气凝胶层7由气凝胶制成，制备通常由溶胶凝胶过程和超临界干燥处理构成。在溶胶凝胶过程中，通过控制溶液的水解和缩聚反应条件，在溶体内形成不同结构的纳米团簇，团簇之间的相互粘连形成凝胶体，而在凝胶体的固态骨架周围则充满化学反应后剩余的液态试剂。为了防止凝胶干燥过程中微孔洞内的表面张力导致材料结构的破坏，采用超临界干燥工艺处理，把凝胶置于压力容器中加温升压，使凝胶内的液体发生相变成超临界态的流体，气液界面消失，表面张力不复存在，此时将这种超临界流体从压力容器中释放，即可得到多孔、无序、具有纳米量级连续网络结构的低密度气凝胶材料。
聚氨酯层8由聚氨酯材料制成。是目前国际上性能最好的保温材料。主链含—NHCOO—重复结构单元的一类聚合物 。英文缩写PU。由异氰酸酯（单体）与羟基化合物聚合而成。由于含强极性的氨基甲酸酯基，不溶于非极性基团，具有良好的耐油性、韧性、耐磨性、耐老化性和粘合性。用不同原料可制得适应较宽温度范围 （－50～150℃） 的材料 ，包括弹性体、热塑性树脂和热固性树脂。高温下不耐水解，亦不耐碱性介质。常用的单体如甲苯二异氰酸酯、二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯等。多元醇分3类：简单多元醇（乙二醇、丙三醇等） ；含末端羟基的聚酯低聚物，用来制备聚酯型聚氨酯；含末端羟基的聚醚低聚物，用来制备聚醚型聚氨酯。聚合方法随材料性质而不同。合成弹性体时先制备低分子量二元醇，再与过量芳香族或者脂肪族异氰酸酯反应，生成异氰酸根（-NCO）为端基的预聚物，再同多元醇扩链，得到热塑弹性体；若用二元胺扩链并进一步交联，得到浇铸型弹性体。预聚物用肼或二元胺扩链，得到弹性纤维；异氰酸酯过量较多的预聚体与催化剂、发泡剂混合，可直接得到硬质泡沫塑料。如将单体、聚醚、水、催化剂等混合，一步反应即可得到软质泡沫塑料。单体与多元醇在溶液中反应，可得到涂料；胶粘剂则以多异氰酸酯单体和低分子量聚酯或聚醚在使用时混合并进行反应。
所述聚氨酯层8底部设置有镀镍层9，所述镀镍层9上设置有凹槽10，所述凹槽10剖面呈半圆形设置。所述连接筋2为硅橡胶连接筋。所述连接筋2与铜编织层3固定连接。所述凹槽10呈等距分布。所述聚氨酯层8厚度为2mm。所述聚氯乙烯层5厚度为2.5mm。
在使用时，大棚的顶部可以安装普通的透光保温膜，而透光保温膜下方的大棚外侧可以安装本发明的保温垫，能够达到保温效果。
本发明的有益效果为：设置的环氧树脂胶层、聚氯乙烯层、珍珠棉、气凝胶层和聚氨酯层使得保温效果好；设置的铜编织层能够增大结构重量，可以达到防风效果，保持结构稳定，避免出现破损；设置的镀镍层上设置有凹槽能够反射光线，能够减小大棚内人工灯具的耗电量，能够有效的节能。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何不经过创造性劳动想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种农用温室大棚保温垫，其特征在于：包括膜本体，所述膜本体表面设置有设置有连接筋，所述连接筋呈竖直设置，所述连接筋呈等距分布，所述膜本体包括铜编织层、环氧树脂胶层、聚氯乙烯层、珍珠棉、气凝胶层和聚氨酯层，所述铜编织层、环氧树脂胶层、聚氯乙烯层、珍珠棉、气凝胶层和聚氨酯层依次从外至内设置，所述聚氨酯层底部设置有镀镍层，所述镀镍层上设置有凹槽，所述凹槽剖面呈半圆形设置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的农用温室大棚保温垫，其特征在于：所述连接筋为硅橡胶连接筋。
3.根据权利要求1所述的农用温室大棚保温垫，其特征在于：所述连接筋与铜编织层固定连接。
4.根据权利要求1所述的农用温室大棚保温垫，其特征在于：所述凹槽呈等距分布。
5.根据权利要求1所述的农用温室大棚保温垫，其特征在于：所述聚氨酯层厚度为2mm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的农用温室大棚保温垫，其特征在于：所述聚氯乙烯层厚度为2.5mm。
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