CN106610500B - A kind of multidirectional high energy electron detection device based on distributed multiple satellites - Google Patents
A kind of multidirectional high energy electron detection device based on distributed multiple satellites Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Distributed multidirectional high energy electron detection device based on multiple satellites that the present invention provides a kind of, the detection device include: with the matched several sub- detection devices of number of satellite, and every sub- detection device includes direction sensor, electronics component and casing；The direction sensor includes: no less than a piece of semiconductor transducer, for evoking electric signal pulse in its two lateral electrode due to off-energy when Space Particle enters the semiconductor transducer；The electronics component, for handling the electric signal that direction sensor provides, to provide the signal of reflection Space Particle sedimentary energy in semiconductor transducer；The normal direction for the semiconductor transducer that each direction sensor is included is in approximately the same plane when satellite passes through the same position, the normal direction of each sensor is not overlapped when passing through same position, and the normal direction of a semiconductor transducer at least within is directed toward towards terrace.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Space Particle detection technology fields, are to be related to a kind of multiple defending based on distributed more specifically
Multidirectional high energy electron detection device of star.
Background technique
Space charged particle is the most important composition of space environment, and to the safety of satellite threaten it is direct because
Element, especially Spacial Proton are widely present in cosmic space, therefore space charged particle is mainly grinding in space environment research
Study carefully object.Space charged particle detects the history of existing decades, therefore has certain base to the understanding of space charged particle
Plinth.But with space science research deeply, the extensive infiltration of space technology, the mankind are to space charged particle and its effect
Understanding constantly crosses over New step, becomes hence for the demand of the multi-direction detecting of all kinds of charged particles including Spacial Proton
It obtains more and more important.
High energy charged particles are to induce spacecraft single particle effect, dose of radiation effect and deep layer charging and discharging effects in space
Principal element, be the primary protection object of radiation hardening.The multicomponent of space charged particle, wide power spectrum and it is strong it is each to
The opposite sex increases difficulty for protection design assessment, especially in the Spacial Proton multidirectional of low orbit.The sky of space charged particle
Between distribution, the Pitch angle distribution of relative magnetic line, spectral distribution and they change with time, be each class model of space environment
The basic content of building research and its effect harm research.
Since space charged particle can cause all kinds of effects to interfere harm on satellite, the satellite development stage,
In-orbit management and subsequent fault diagnosis stage, it is a kind of for carrying out the assessment of the satellite radiation effect as caused by space charged particle
The important means of harm reduction.And carrying out the assessment of satellite radiation effect needs the direct measurement acquisition of all kinds of particles in in-orbit space
Data, the data including direction and power spectrum.Due to, there is the constraint in earth's magnetic field, leading to space charged particle in terrestrial space
Distribution shows anisotropy (especially on the low orbit of terrestrial space), and then charged particle is caused to imitate the radiation of satellite
It answers and radiating particle characteristics of motion feature is there is also respectively to difference, thus need to carry out for the multidirectional high of satellite in orbit
It can electron detection.
Detection for multidirectional high energy electron of satellite in orbit can carry out in single satellite, but this needs satellite
The platform resource such as weight, power consumption, installation dimension it is relatively more, naturally it is also possible to based on the same time with the more of altitude
Satellite carries out distributed measurement, to reduce the demand to satellite platform resource and realize the detection on multi-direction.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to which the present invention provides one kind based on distributed multiple satellites in order to overcome the above problem
Multidirectional high energy electron detection device.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention mentioned a kind of distributed multidirectional high energy electricity based on multiple satellites
Sub- detection device, the detection device include: and the matched several sub- detection devices of number of satellite, and every sub- detection device
It include direction sensor, electronics component and casing；
The direction sensor includes: no less than a piece of semiconductor transducer, for entering the semiconductor when Space Particle
Evoke electric signal pulse in its two lateral electrode due to off-energy when sensor；
The electronics component, for handling the electric signal that direction sensor provides, to provide reflection space grain
The signal of son sedimentary energy in semiconductor transducer；
The normal direction for the semiconductor transducer that each direction sensor is included satellite pass through the same position when at
It is not overlapped in the normal direction of approximately the same plane, each sensor when passing through same position, and a semiconductor at least within
The normal direction of sensor is directed toward towards terrace.
Optionally,
When number of satellite is two, the number of the sub- detection device is 2, and two sub- detection devices are located at: institute
It states two sub- detection devices and is arranged to make son detection of the normal orientation guarantee when satellite is by equator overhead on the 1st satellite
The normal direction of device is vertically sky, and the angle of the normal direction and the 1st normal direction of the sub- detection device on the 2nd satellite is
First angle, the angular range of first angle are greater than 0 degree and less than 90 degree；
When number of satellite is four, the number of the sub- detection device is 4, and four sub- detection devices are located at:
Four sub- detection devices are arranged to make normal orientation and guarantee that the son of at least one satellite when satellite is by equator overhead is visited
The normal direction for surveying device is vertically sky, in addition the son of the normal direction of the sub- detection device of three satellites and first satellite
The angle of the normal direction of detection device is respectively the second angle, third angle and the 4th angle, and these three angles are differing from each other,
The range of these three angles is greater than 0 degree less than 90 degree.
When number of satellite is three, the number of the sub- detection device is 3, and three sub- detection devices are located at:
Three sub- detection devices are arranged to make normal orientation and guarantee that the son of at least one satellite when satellite is by equator overhead is visited
The normal direction for surveying device is vertically sky, in addition the son of the normal direction of the sub- detection device of two satellites and first satellite
The angle of the normal direction of detection device is respectively the second angle and third angle, and the two angles are differing from each other, the two angles
The range of degree is greater than 0 degree less than 90 degree.
Further alternative, first angle is 45 degree；Or second angle, third angle and the 4th angle difference
It is 25 degree, 50 degree and 75 degree.
Optionally, the direction sensing implement body includes: several semiconductor transducers, collimator and metal light blocking layer
Device；The semiconductor transducer front end is respectively provided with a collimator；And the metal not less than 1um thickness is all provided in front of each collimator
Light blocking layer, for preventing visible light from injecting.
The direction sensor further include the preamplifier being connected with semiconductor transducer output end and with preposition amplification
The connected wave-shaping circuit of circuit；The reaction charged particle that the preamplifier is used to export every chip semiconductor sensor deposits
The charge signal of energy amplifies respectively and is transformed into voltage pulse signal；The wave-shaping circuit exports preamplifier
Voltage pulse signal forming output.
The electronics component includes being sequentially connected in series: main amplifier, signal for exporting wave-shaping circuit all the way or
The signal that the signal of two-way wave-shaping circuit output exports after adder circuit amplifies；Circuit is protected at peak, for each master
The amplified signal of amplifier carries out peak value of pulse holding respectively；A/D Acquisition Circuit, for being carried out to the signal after peak holding
Analog-to-digital conversion；FPGA circuitry, the digital signal for obtaining all A/D Acquisition Circuits carry out at height analysis and data
Reason, wherein different amplitudes represents high energy proton difference sedimentary energy.
Optionally, the semiconductor transducer of the direction sensor uses with a thickness of being greater than 1mm, being less than 3mm, sensitive area
Silicon or diamond class sensor not less than 2mm × 2mm；The corresponding preamplifier of direction sensor uses integrated transporting discharging capacitor
Feedback system.The metal frequency modulated light layer material uses metallic aluminium or polyimides.The sub- detection device is mounted on satellite covering
Within, only direction sensor part is open by covering and is stretched out.The semiconductor transducer if it exceeds 1 then each semiconductor pass
The depth of parallelism is not less than 20 degree between sensor.
The present invention has the advantages that for research satellite dose of radiation effect and radiation zone Particles Moving rule etc. for sky
Between high energy electron multi-direction detecting demand can be dropped using of the invention distributed multi-party to high-energy electron detection device
It is low that and the detection of multidirectional high energy proton may be implemented for resource requirements such as weight, the power consumptions of single satellite platform, thus
Convenient for being applied in aerospace engineering.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 carries multi-direction high energy electron detection device of the invention with three satellites by same position to be exemplary
Schematic diagram when setting；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the direction sensor of the sub- detection device of detection device of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the electrical schematics using the sub- detection device of multi-direction high energy electron detection device of the invention.
Appended drawing reference:
1, multi-direction detecting device 2, satellite 3, collimator
4, metal light blocking layer 5, semiconductor transducer 6, casing
Specific embodiment
Distributed multidirectional dose of radiation to of the invention based on multiple satellites with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples
The detection device of rate is described in detail.
Fig. 1 carries multi-direction high energy electron detection device of the invention with three satellites by same position to be exemplary
Schematic diagram when setting, i.e., contain three sub- detection devices in this multi-direction detecting device 1, every sub- detection device corresponds to three
One in satellite 2.Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the direction sensor of the sub- detection device in Fig. 1.Basis as shown in Figure 1
One embodiment of the present of invention, three satellites 2 are separately contained in the direction in three sub- detection devices when by same position
At the normal direction for the semiconductor transducer 5 for including in sensor in the same plane, in the present embodiment, when three satellites are in
When the overhead of equator, the normal direction of the semiconductor transducer of one of them sub- detection device is towards day, and the half of other two sub- detection devices
The normal direction of conductor sensor differs from it by -45 and+45 degree respectively.
In Fig. 2, the distributed multi-direction high energy electron according to an embodiment of the invention based on multiple satellites
The direction sensor of the sub- detection device of detection device 1 includes two panels semiconductor transducer 5.In this embodiment, semiconductor passes
Sensor 5 is also configured with collimator 3, metal light blocking layer device 4 and casing 6, and here, the function of collimator 3 is space scattering height
Energy electron confinement is within required measurement range angle；Metal light blocking layer 4 enters semiconductor transducer for blocking visible light
5, and space high energy electron can then penetrate metal light blocking layer 4 hence into semiconductor transducer 5；Space high energy electron is entering half
Meeting off-energy after in conductor sensor 5, therefore electric signal pulse will be evoked in every two lateral electrodes, after special disposal
Signal can reflect the different-energy of space high energy electron in the devices, in conjunction with the sedimentary energy of two panels semiconductor transducer
Combination can obtain surveyed high energy electron energy.
Preferably, the metal light blocking layer 4 and semiconductor transducer 5 are slab organization.Metal light blocking layer 4 uses specific
Material category and the thickness track according to locating for satellite and measurement range are designed selection.The material of semiconductor transducer 5
It can be needed according to test with number to determine, specifically, when each direction sensor contains only a piece of semiconductor transducer
When only need mating electronics processing circuit all the way, the then corresponding every sensing when each direction sensor contains multi-disc sensor
Device protects circuit equipped with corresponding preamplifier, wave-shaping circuit, main amplifier and peak, is finally uniformly connected to A/D Acquisition Circuit.Half
Conductor sensor 5 can using silicon or diamond, while silicon sensor can choose ion implantation type or gold silicon surface barrier
Type etc..
In an embodiment of the present invention, each sub- detection device of multi-direction detecting device 1 is respectively embedded into formula and is mounted on three
The surface of satellite 2, i.e., sub- detection device are separately mounted within satellite covering, and only direction sensor part is stretched by covering opening
Out.Each sub- detection device of the multi-direction detecting device 1 is not blocked towards the direction of space.
In a preferred embodiment, metal light blocking layer 4 with a thickness of 15 μm, using aluminum alloy materials, for absorbing visible light,
It avoids causing measuring result error excessive due to illumination.
Fig. 3 show the electricity of a sub- detection device of multi-direction detecting device 1 according to an embodiment of the invention
Gas realization principle block diagram, wherein all parts in dotted line constitute the sub- detection device.Specifically, the side of this sub- detection device
It include two chip semiconductor sensors 5 and 5 ' to sensor, it is preferable that the depth of parallelism between two chip semiconductor sensors is not less than 20
Degree.High energy electron successively enters two panels semiconductor transducer 5 and 5 ' after penetrating metal light blocking layer 4, in two panels semiconductor transducer 5
With 5 ' internal loss energy, then evoke electric signal pulse in two lateral electrodes of semiconductor transducer 5 and 5 '.It is utilized respectively preceding storing
The electric signal that big device, wave-shaping circuit, main amplifier generate semiconductor transducer 5 and 5 ' amplifies and shaping, finally sharp again
Circuit is protected with peak and obtains variation peak value, and the variation peak value that will acquire gives A/D Acquisition Circuit.A/D Acquisition Circuit output end with
The input terminal of FPGA circuitry is connected, and FPGA circuitry is combined processing to signal, and then FPGA circuitry passes through satellite interface circuit
Transmit the data to satellite electron system.
The structure setting of multi-direction high-energy electron detection device of the invention is illustrated by taking three satellites as an example above
Feature and working principle.Obviously, when number of satellite is two, two sub- detection devices can be set that normal orientation is protected
The normal direction for demonstrate,proving sub- detection device when satellite is by equator overhead on one satellite is vertically sky, is in addition defended for one
The normal direction of sub- detection device on star and the former normal direction at an angle, the angular range be greater than 0 degree and less than 90 degree, compared with
It well is 45 degree；When number of satellite is four, four sub- detection devices can be set to make normal orientation guarantee and work as satellite
Normal direction by the sub- detection device of at least one satellite when the overhead of equator is vertically sky, in addition three satellites
The normal direction of the sub- detection device of the normal direction of sub- detection device and first satellite respectively at an angle, and these three angles that
This is not identical, which is greater than 0 degree less than 90 degree, preferably the sub- detection device of these three angles and Lesson One satellite
Normal direction between be in 25 degree, 50 degree and 75 degree；When other quantity satellite, similarly, it should be ensured that when satellite is by equator overhead
When, the normal direction of the sub- detection device of a satellite is vertically sky, to obtain maximum direction high energy proton flux.
It should be noted last that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting.Although ginseng
It is described the invention in detail according to embodiment, those skilled in the art should understand that, to technical side of the invention
Case is modified or replaced equivalently, and without departure from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, should all be covered in the present invention
Scope of the claims in.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of distributed multidirectional high energy electron detection device based on multiple satellites, which is characterized in that the detection
Device include: with the matched several sub- detection devices of number of satellite, and every sub- detection device includes direction sensor, electricity
Sub- department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences's part and casing；
The direction sensor includes: no less than a piece of semiconductor transducer, for entering the semiconductor sensing when Space Particle
Evoke electric signal pulse in its two lateral electrode due to off-energy when device；
The electronics component is existed for handling the electric signal that direction sensor provides with providing reflection Space Particle
The signal of sedimentary energy in semiconductor transducer；
The normal direction for the semiconductor transducer that each direction sensor is included is when satellite passes through the same position in same
The normal direction of one plane, each sensor is not overlapped when passing through same position, and a semiconductor sensing at least within
The normal direction of device is directed toward towards terrace.
2. distributed multidirectional high energy electron detection device according to claim 1 based on multiple satellites, special
Sign is,
When number of satellite is two, the number of the sub- detection device is 2, and two sub- detection devices are located at: described two
A sub- detection device is arranged to make sub- detection device of the normal orientation guarantee when satellite is by equator overhead on the 1st satellite
Normal direction be vertically sky, the normal direction of the sub- detection device on the 2nd satellite and the angle of the 1st normal direction are first
Angle, the angular range of first angle are greater than 0 degree and less than 90 degree；
When number of satellite is four, the number of the sub- detection device is 4, and four sub- detection devices are located at: four sons
Detection device is arranged to make the sub- detection device that normal orientation guarantees at least one satellite when satellite is by equator overhead
Normal direction be vertically sky, the normal direction for choosing the sub- detection device an of satellite is that vertically sky is first
Satellite, in addition the angle of the normal direction of the normal direction of the sub- detection device of three satellites and the sub- detection device of first satellite is distinguished
For the second angle, third angle and the 4th angle, and these three angles are differing from each other, and the range of these three angles is to be greater than
0 degree less than 90 degree；
When number of satellite is three, the number of the sub- detection device is 3, and three sub- detection devices are located at: three sons
Detection device is arranged to make the sub- detection device that normal orientation guarantees at least one satellite when satellite is by equator overhead
Normal direction be vertically sky, the normal direction for choosing the sub- detection device an of satellite is that vertically sky is first
Satellite, in addition the angle of the normal direction of the normal direction of the sub- detection device of two satellites and the sub- detection device of first satellite is distinguished
For the second angle and third angle, and the two angles are differing from each other, and the range of the two angles is greater than 0 degree less than 90
Degree.
3. distributed multidirectional high energy electron detection device according to claim 2 based on multiple satellites, special
Sign is,
First angle is 45 degree；Or
Second angle, third angle and the 4th angle are respectively 25 degree, 50 degree and 75 degree.
4. distributed multidirectional high energy electron detection device according to claim 1 based on multiple satellites, special
Sign is that the direction sensing implement body includes: several semiconductor transducers, collimator and metal light blocking layer；
The semiconductor transducer front end is respectively provided with a collimator；And the gold not less than 1um thickness is all provided in front of each collimator
Belong to light blocking layer, for preventing visible light from injecting.
5. distributed multidirectional high energy electron detection device according to claim 1 based on multiple satellites, special
Sign is, the direction sensor further include the preamplifier being connected with semiconductor transducer output end and with preposition amplification electricity
The connected wave-shaping circuit in road；
The charge signal for the reflection charged particle sedimentary energy that the preamplifier is used to export every chip semiconductor sensor
It amplifies respectively and is transformed into voltage pulse signal；
The voltage pulse signal forming output that the wave-shaping circuit exports preamplifier.
6. distributed multidirectional high energy electron detection device according to claim 3 based on multiple satellites, special
Sign is that the electronics component includes being sequentially connected in series:
The signal of main amplifier, signal or the output of two-way wave-shaping circuit for exporting wave-shaping circuit all the way passes through adder circuit
The signal exported afterwards amplifies；
Circuit is protected at peak, for carrying out peak value of pulse holding respectively to the amplified signal of each main amplifier；
A/D Acquisition Circuit, for carrying out analog-to-digital conversion to the signal after peak holding；
FPGA circuitry, the digital signal for obtaining all A/D Acquisition Circuits carry out height analysis and data processing, wherein
Different amplitudes represents high energy electron difference sedimentary energy.
7. distributed multidirectional high energy electron detection device according to claim 1 based on multiple satellites, special
Sign is that the semiconductor transducer of the direction sensor uses to be greater than 1mm and be not less than less than 3mm, sensitive area
The silicon or diamond class sensor of 2mm × 2mm；
The corresponding preamplifier of direction sensor uses integrated transporting discharging capacitive feedback mode.
8. distributed multidirectional high energy electron detection device according to claim 4 based on multiple satellites, special
Sign is that the material of the metal light blocking layer uses metallic aluminium or polyimides.
9. distributed multidirectional high energy electron detection device according to claim 1 based on multiple satellites, special
Sign is that the sub- detection device is mounted within satellite covering, and only direction sensor part is open by covering and is stretched out.
10. distributed multidirectional high energy electron detection device according to claim 1 based on multiple satellites, special
Sign is, the semiconductor transducer if it exceeds 1 then the depth of parallelism is not less than 20 degree between each semiconductor transducer.
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| CN110806597B (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2022-04-05 | 中国科学院国家空间科学中心 | Space charged particle incident position and energy detector and detection method |
| CN113815909B (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2023-10-27 | 中国人民解放军63920部队 | Uplink determining method and device for peer-to-peer mode combination configuration spacecraft |
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