CN106610500A - Distributed multidirectional high-energy electron detection device based on multiple satellites - Google Patents
Distributed multidirectional high-energy electron detection device based on multiple satellites Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a distributed multidirectional high-energy electron detection device based on multiple satellites. The detection device comprises a plurality of sub-detection devices with the number being matched with that of the satellites. Each sub-detection device comprises a direction sensor, an electronic component and a shell, wherein the direction sensor comprises no fewer than one semiconductor sensor and used for exciting electric signal pulses in electrodes at two sides because of loss of energy when space particles get into the semiconductor sensor; the electronic component is used for processing electric signals provided by the direction sensor so as to provide signals reflecting deposited energy of the space particles in the semiconductor sensor; and the normal direction of the semiconductor sensors included by each direction sensor stay at the same plane when the satellite passes by the same position, the normal directions of the sensors are not overlapped when the satellite passes by the same position, and the normal direction of at least one of the semiconductor sensors points to the heavenward surface.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Space Particle Detection Techniques field, more specifically, is to be related to one kind based on distributed multiple
Multidirectional high energy electron detection device of satellite.
Background technology
Space charged particle is the most important composition of spatial environmentss, and the safety of satellite is threatened it is direct because
Element, particularly Spacial Proton are widely present in cosmic space, therefore during space charged particle is spatial environmentss research
Main study subject.The history of space charged particle detection existing decades, therefore the understanding to space charged particle
Existing certain basis.But with the deep of space science research, the extensive infiltration of space technology, the mankind are to sky
Between charged particle and its effect understanding constantly cross over New step, hence for including all kinds of bands including Spacial Proton
The demand of the multi-direction detecting of charged particle becomes more and more important.
In space, high energy charged particles are induction spacecraft single particle effect, radiation dose effect and deep layer discharge and recharge effect
The principal element answered, is the primary protection object of radiation hardening.The multicomponent of space charged particle, wide power spectrum and
Strong anisotropy, is that protection Design assessment increased difficulty, especially in the Spacial Proton multidirectional of low orbit.
The spatial distribution of space charged particle, the Pitch angle distribution of relative magnetic line, spectral distribution and they with the time
Change, is the substance of all kinds of model construction researchs of spatial environmentss and its effect harm research.
As space charged particle can cause all kinds of effects to interfere harm to satellite, therefore, rank is developed in satellite
Section, in-orbit management and fault diagnosis stage afterwards, carry out the satellite radiation effect caused due to space charged particle
Assessment is a kind of important means of harm reduction.And carrying out the assessment of satellite radiation effect needs all kinds of grains in in-orbit space
The data that the direct measurement of son is obtained, including the data of direction and power spectrum.Due to there is earth's magnetic field in terrestrial space
Constraint, cause space charged particle distribution present anisotropy (particularly on the low orbit of terrestrial space),
And then it is each to difference to cause charged particle to there is also the radiation effect and radiating particle characteristics of motion feature of satellite,
So that carrying out the multidirectional high energy electron detection for satellite in orbit.
Detection for multidirectional high energy electron of satellite in orbit can be carried out in single satellite, but this needs is defended
The platform resources such as such as weight of star, power consumption, installation dimension are relatively more, naturally it is also possible to based on the same time with high
The multi-satellite of degree flight carries out distributed measurement, so as to reducing the demand to satellite platform resource and realizing multi-party
Detection upwards.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention in order to overcome the problems referred to above, the invention provides a kind of multiple defended based on distributed
Multidirectional high energy electron detection device of star.
To achieve these goals, the present invention carried a kind of distributed multidirectional high energy based on multiple satellites
Electronic detector, the detection device include：The some sub- detection devices matched with number of satellite, and each
Sub- detection device includes direction sensor, electronics component and casing；
The direction sensor includes：No less than a piece of semiconductor transducer, for partly leading into this when Space Particle
Signal of telecommunication pulse is evoked in its two lateral electrode due to off-energy during body sensor；
The electronics component, for processing to the signal of telecommunication that direction sensor is provided, to provide reflection space
The signal of particle sedimentary energy in the semiconductor transducer；
The normal direction of the semiconductor transducer included by described each direction sensor when satellite is through same position at
In approximately the same plane, the normal direction of each sensor is not overlapped when through same position, and at least within
The normal direction of semiconductor transducer is pointed to towards terrace.
Optionally,
When number of satellite is two, the number of described sub- detection device is 2, and two sub- detection devices are located at：
Described two sub- detection devices arrange and normal orientation must be caused to ensure when satellite is on the 1st satellite of space-time on equator
The normal direction of sub- detection device be vertically sky, the normal direction and the 1st of the sub- detection device on the 2nd satellite
The angle of normal direction be the first angle, the angular range of first angle is more than 0 degree and less than 90 degree；
When number of satellite is four, the number of described sub- detection device is 4, and four sub- detection devices are located at：
Four sub- detection devices arrange and normal orientation must be caused to ensure an at least satellite when satellite is through equator overhead
The normal direction of sub- detection device is vertically sky, in addition the normal direction of the sub- detection device of three satellites with this first
The angle of the normal direction of the sub- detection device of satellite is respectively the second angle, the 3rd angle and the 4th angle, and this three
Individual angle is differing from each other, and the scope of these three angles is and is less than 90 degree more than 0 degree.
When number of satellite is three, the number of described sub- detection device is 3, and three sub- detection devices are located at：
Three sub- detection devices arrange and normal orientation must be caused to ensure an at least satellite when satellite is through equator overhead
The normal direction of sub- detection device is vertically sky, in addition the normal direction of the sub- detection device of two satellites with this first
The angle of the normal direction of the sub- detection device of satellite is respectively the second angle and the 3rd angle, and the two angles are each other
Differ, the scope of the two angles is and is less than 90 degree more than 0 degree.
Further alternative, first angle is 45 degree；Or second angle, the 3rd angle and the 4th angle
Respectively 25 degree, 50 degree and 75 degree.
Optionally, the direction sensing implement body is included：Several semiconductor transducers, collimator and metal are in the light
Layer device；The semiconductor transducer front end is respectively provided with a collimator；And be all provided with not less than 1um in front of each collimator
Thick metal light blocking layer, for preventing visible ray from injecting.
The direction sensor also include the preamplifier being connected with semiconductor transducer outfan and with preposition amplification
The wave-shaping circuit that circuit is connected；The preamplifier is for the reaction zone electrochondria that exports every chip semiconductor sensor
The charge signal of sub- sedimentary energy is amplified respectively and is transformed into voltage pulse signal；The wave-shaping circuit will be preposition
The voltage pulse signal shaping output of amplifier output.
The electronics component includes what is be sequentially connected in series：Main amplifier, for the signal for exporting wave-shaping circuit all the way
Or the signal that the signal of two-way wave-shaping circuit output is exported after added circuit is amplified；Circuit is protected at peak, is used for
Signal after amplifying to each main amplifier carries out peak value of pulse holding respectively；A/D Acquisition Circuit, for peak value
Signal after holding carries out analog digital conversion；FPGA circuitry, for the numeral for obtaining all of A/D Acquisition Circuit
Signal carries out height analysis and data processing, wherein different amplitudes represents high energy proton difference sedimentary energy.
Optionally, the semiconductor transducer of the direction sensor adopts thickness for more than 1mm, less than 3mm, spirit
Silicon or diamond class sensor of the quick area not less than 2mm × 2mm；The corresponding preamplifier of direction sensor is adopted
With integrated transporting discharging capacitive feedback mode.The metal frequency modulated light layer material adopts metallic aluminium or polyimides.The sub- spy
Device is surveyed within satellite eyelid covering, only direction sensor part is stretched out by eyelid covering opening.The quasiconductor is passed
Sensor if it exceeds 1 then between each semiconductor transducer the depth of parallelism be not less than 20 degree.
It is an advantage of the current invention that：For research satellite radiation dose effect and radiation zone Particles Moving rule etc. for
Space high energy electron multi-direction detecting demand, using the distributed multi-party to high-energy electron detection device of the present invention,
The resource requirements such as weight for single satellite platform, power consumption can be reduced, and multidirectional high energy can be realized
Proton detection, consequently facilitating being applied in aerospace engineering.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 carries the multi-direction high energy electron detection device of the present invention through same with three satellites for example
Schematic diagram during position；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the direction sensor of the sub- detection device of the detection device of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the electrical schematics of the sub- detection device of the multi-direction high energy electron detection device using the present invention.
Reference：
1st, multi-direction detecting device 2, satellite 3, collimator
4th, metal light blocking layer 5, semiconductor transducer 6, casing
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples to the distributed multidirectional radiation dose based on multiple satellites of the invention
The detection device of rate is described in detail.
Fig. 1 carries the multi-direction high energy electron detection device of the present invention through same with three satellites for example
Contain three sub- detection devices in schematic diagram during position, i.e. this multi-direction detecting device 1, per individual sub- detection device
Corresponding to one in three satellites 2.Structural representations of the Fig. 2 for the direction sensor of the sub- detection device in Fig. 1
Figure.As shown in Figure 1 according to one embodiment of present invention, three satellites 2 are distinguished when through same position
Be included in the semiconductor transducer 5 include in the direction sensor in three sub- detection devices normal direction be in it is same
In plane, in the present embodiment, when three satellites on the equator space-time, one of them sub- detection device partly leads
The normal direction of body sensor differs from it by -45 respectively towards day, the normal direction of the semiconductor transducer of other two sub- detection devices
With+45 degree.
In fig. 2, the distributed multi-direction high energy electricity based on multiple satellites according to an embodiment of the invention
The direction sensor of the sub- detection device of sub- detection device 1 includes two panels semiconductor transducer 5.In this embodiment,
Semiconductor transducer 5 is also configured with collimator 3, metal light blocking layer device 4 and casing 6, here, the work(of collimator 3
Can be that space scattering high energy electron is constrained within required measurement range angle；Metal light blocking layer 4 is used to hide
Gear visible ray enters semiconductor transducer 5, and space high energy electron can then penetrate metal light blocking layer 4 hence into partly leading
Body sensor 5；Space high energy electron meeting off-energy after in semiconductor transducer 5, therefore will be per piece
Two lateral electrodes evoke signal of telecommunication pulse, the signal Jing after special disposal just can reflect space high energy electron in device
In different-energy, can just draw surveyed high energy electron with reference to the combination of the sedimentary energy of two panels semiconductor transducer
Energy.
Preferably, the metal light blocking layer 4 and semiconductor transducer 5 are slab organization.Metal light blocking layer 4 is adopted
Concrete material category and thickness track and measurement range can be designed selection according to residing for satellite.Quasiconductor is passed
The material and number of sensor 5 can according to test needs determining, specifically, when each direction sensor containing only
Supporting all the way electronics process circuit is needed when having a piece of semiconductor transducer only, when each direction sensor contains multi-disc
During sensor, then corresponding every sensor is furnished with corresponding preamplifier, wave-shaping circuit, main amplifier and peak guarantor
Circuit, finally unification are connected to A/D Acquisition Circuit.Semiconductor transducer 5 can adopt silicon or diamond, together
When silicon sensor can select ion implantation type or golden silicon junction etc..
In an embodiment of the present invention, each sub- detection device of multi-direction detecting device 1 is respectively embedded into formula installed in three
The surface of satellite 2, i.e., within sub- detection device is separately mounted to satellite eyelid covering, only direction sensor part passes through
Eyelid covering opening stretches out.The each sub- detection device of the multi-direction detecting device 1 is not blocked towards the direction of space.
In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of metal light blocking layer 4 is 15 μm, using aluminum alloy materials, can for absorbing
See light, it is to avoid cause measuring result error excessive due to illumination.
Fig. 3 show a sub- detection device of multi-direction detecting device according to an embodiment of the invention 1
Theory diagram is realized electrically, the wherein all parts in dotted line constitute the sub- detection device.Specifically, this sub- spy
Survey device direction sensor include two chip semiconductor sensors 5 and 5 ', it is preferable that two chip semiconductor sensors it
Between the depth of parallelism be not less than 20 degree.High energy electron successively enters two panels semiconductor transducer after penetrating metal light blocking layer 4
5 and 5 ', in 5 and 5 ' internal loss energy of two panels semiconductor transducer, then in semiconductor transducer 5 and 5 '
Two lateral electrodes evoke signal of telecommunication pulse.It is utilized respectively preamplifier, wave-shaping circuit, main amplifier to pass quasiconductor
The signal of telecommunication that sensor 5 and 5 ' is produced is amplified and shaping, finally recycles peak to protect circuit and obtains change peak value, and
A/D Acquisition Circuit is given by the change peak value of acquisition.The input of A/D Acquisition Circuit outfan and FPGA circuitry
It is connected, FPGA circuitry is combined process to signal, then FPGA circuitry passes through satellite interface circuit by the data
Send satellite electron system to.
Illustrate the structure setting of the multi-direction high-energy electron detection device of the present invention above by taking three satellites as an example
Feature and operation principle.Obviously, when number of satellite is two, two sub- detection devices can arrange and must make to do in the proper way
Ensure that when the normal direction of sub- detection device of the satellite on one satellite of space-time on equator be vertically sky to direction
, with the former normal direction at an angle, the angular range is the normal direction of the sub- detection device on a satellite in addition
More than 0 degree and less than 90 degree, it is preferably 45 degree；When number of satellite is four, four sub- detection devices can
Normal orientation must be caused to ensure the sub- detection device of an at least satellite when satellite is through equator overhead to arrange
Normal direction is vertically sky, in addition the son spy of the normal direction of the sub- detection device of three satellites and first satellite
Survey the normal direction of device respectively at an angle, and these three angles are differing from each other, the angular range is more than 0 degree
Less than 90 degree, it is in 25 degree, 50 degree preferably between the normal direction of the sub- detection device of these three angles and Lesson One satellite
With 75 degree；When other quantity satellite, similarly, it should be ensured that when satellite on the equator space-time, have one to defend
The normal direction of the sub- detection device of star is vertically sky, to obtain maximum direction high energy proton flux.
It should be noted last that, above example is only to illustrate technical scheme and unrestricted.Although
The present invention is described in detail with reference to embodiment, it will be understood by those within the art that, to the present invention
Technical scheme modify or equivalent, without departure from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, which is equal
Should cover in the middle of scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of distributed multidirectional high energy electron detection device based on multiple satellites, it is characterised in that institute
Stating detection device includes：The some sub- detection devices matched with number of satellite, and include per individual sub- detection device
Direction sensor, electronics component and casing；
The direction sensor includes：No less than a piece of semiconductor transducer, for partly leading into this when Space Particle
Signal of telecommunication pulse is evoked in its two lateral electrode due to off-energy during body sensor；
The electronics component, for processing to the signal of telecommunication that direction sensor is provided, to provide reflection space
The signal of particle sedimentary energy in the semiconductor transducer；
The normal direction of the semiconductor transducer included by described each direction sensor when satellite is through same position at
In approximately the same plane, the normal direction of each sensor is not overlapped when through same position, and at least within
The normal direction of semiconductor transducer is pointed to towards terrace.
2. the distributed multidirectional high energy electron detection device based on multiple satellites according to claim 1,
Characterized in that,
When number of satellite is two, the number of described sub- detection device is 2, and two sub- detection devices are located at：
Described two sub- detection devices arrange and normal orientation must be caused to ensure when satellite is on the 1st satellite of space-time on equator
The normal direction of sub- detection device be vertically sky, the normal direction and the 1st of the sub- detection device on the 2nd satellite
The angle of normal direction be the first angle, the angular range of first angle is more than 0 degree and less than 90 degree；
When number of satellite is four, the number of described sub- detection device is 4, and four sub- detection devices are located at：
Four sub- detection devices arrange and normal orientation must be caused to ensure an at least satellite when satellite is through equator overhead
The normal direction of sub- detection device is vertically sky, in addition the normal direction of the sub- detection device of three satellites with this first
The angle of the normal direction of the sub- detection device of satellite is respectively the second angle, the 3rd angle and the 4th angle, and this three
Individual angle is differing from each other, and the scope of these three angles is and is less than 90 degree more than 0 degree；
When number of satellite is three, the number of described sub- detection device is 3, and three sub- detection devices are located at：
Three sub- detection devices arrange and normal orientation must be caused to ensure an at least satellite when satellite is through equator overhead
The normal direction of sub- detection device is vertically sky, in addition the normal direction of the sub- detection device of two satellites with this first
The angle of the normal direction of the sub- detection device of satellite is respectively the second angle and the 3rd angle, and the two angles are each other
Differ, the scope of the two angles is and is less than 90 degree more than 0 degree.
3. the distributed multidirectional high energy electron detection device based on multiple satellites according to claim 2,
Characterized in that,
First angle is 45 degree；Or
Second angle, the 3rd angle and the 4th angle are respectively 25 degree, 50 degree and 75 degree.
4. the distributed multidirectional high energy electron detection device based on multiple satellites according to claim 1,
Characterized in that, the direction sensing implement body is included：Several semiconductor transducers, collimator and metal are in the light
Layer device；
The semiconductor transducer front end is respectively provided with a collimator；And be all provided with not less than 1um in front of each collimator
Thick metal light blocking layer, for preventing visible ray from injecting.
5. the distributed multidirectional high energy electron detection device based on multiple satellites according to claim 1,
Characterized in that, the direction sensor also include the preamplifier being connected with semiconductor transducer outfan and with
The wave-shaping circuit that pre-amplification circuit is connected；
The electric charge of reaction charged particle sedimentary energy of the preamplifier for every chip semiconductor sensor is exported
Signal is amplified respectively and is transformed into voltage pulse signal；
The voltage pulse signal shaping output that preamplifier is exported by the wave-shaping circuit.
6. the distributed multidirectional high energy electron detection device based on multiple satellites according to claim 3,
Characterized in that, the electronics component includes what is be sequentially connected in series：
Main amplifier, for signal that wave-shaping circuit all the way is exported or the output of two-way wave-shaping circuit signal through phase
The signal exported behind power-up road is amplified；
Circuit is protected at peak, carries out peak value of pulse holding respectively for the signal after amplifying to each main amplifier；
A/D Acquisition Circuit, for carrying out analog digital conversion to the signal after peak holding；
FPGA circuitry, for the digital signal that all of A/D Acquisition Circuit is obtained is carried out height analysis and data
Process, wherein different amplitudes represents high energy proton difference sedimentary energy.
7. the distributed multidirectional high energy electron detection device based on multiple satellites according to claim 1,
Characterized in that, the semiconductor transducer of the direction sensor adopts thickness for more than 1mm, less than 3mm, spirit
Silicon or diamond class sensor of the quick area not less than 2mm × 2mm；
The corresponding preamplifier of direction sensor adopts integrated transporting discharging capacitive feedback mode.
8. the distributed multidirectional high energy electron detection device based on multiple satellites according to claim 7,
Characterized in that, the metal frequency modulated light layer material adopts metallic aluminium or polyimides.
9. the distributed multidirectional high energy electron detection device based on multiple satellites according to claim 1,
Characterized in that, within the sub- detection device is arranged on satellite eyelid covering, only direction sensor part is opened by eyelid covering
Mouth stretches out.
10. the distributed multidirectional high energy electron detection based on multiple satellites according to claim 1 is filled
Put, it is characterised in that the semiconductor transducer if it exceeds 1 then between each semiconductor transducer, the depth of parallelism is not
Less than 20 degree.
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