CN106609659B - Hydraulic buckling type remote control diameter variable stabilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydraulic expansion type remote control variable diameter stabilizer, which includes a main body and a lower joint. The upper end of the main body and the lower end of the lower joint are connected to a drill string by threads; There is a return spring between the spring seats; the lower end of the body is equipped with a lower mandrel, a support cylinder, and a signal column, and a thrust upper bearing, a cam, a thrust lower bearing, and a balance that can move freely up and down are arranged outside the tubular lower mandrel from top to bottom. The piston and the axially fixed differential pressure piston are located on the upper plane of the differential pressure piston. There is an annular hole corresponding to the body. On the outer side of the cam, the body is provided with a cam pin assembly that cooperates in the cam groove. The outer diameter of the stabilizer can be controlled by turning on and off the ground drilling pump. It is characterized by a large contact area of the centralizing block, which is suitable for the control of wellbore trajectory in soft formations, and the centralizing block is easy to replace. The structure has an impact on the strength of the tool body. Small.

Description

Hydraulic expansion type remote control variable diameter stabilizer

technical field

The invention relates to a remote-controlled variable-diameter stabilizer used in drilling operations of directional wells, horizontal wells and extended-reach wells in the petroleum industry, and belongs to the field of downhole tools in drilling engineering.

Background technique

In the drilling construction of directional wells, horizontal wells and extended-reach wells, in order to control the wellbore deviation, the remote control variable diameter stabilizer is often used instead of the stabilizer with fixed outer diameter, but the remote control variable diameter stabilizer developed now has the following disadvantages question:

(1) For the multi-piston extended stabilizer, the whole stabilizer needs to be disassembled to replace the righting piston, which is extremely inconvenient;

(2) In terms of structure, the support area for soft formations is too small, and it is easy to be embedded in formations, increasing drilling friction.

The Chinese patent "Drilling Remote Adjustable Centralizer" (201020616387.0) adopts a playground-shaped support block, and the support block is connected with the inside of the tool by a T-shaped groove. The amount is large, which is extremely inconvenient. The hole in the tool body where the support block is installed is large, which significantly weakens the strength of the tool body.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the defects of the variable-diameter stabilizer mentioned above, the present invention provides a hydraulic expansion type remote-control variable-diameter stabilizer. The centralizing block is easy to replace, and the structure has little influence on the strength of the tool body.

Technical scheme of the present invention is:

The hydraulic expansion type remote-controlled variable-diameter stabilizer includes a main body 1, a pushing mechanism arranged in the main body 1, a support cylinder 22, a signal column 23 and a supporting mechanism arranged outside the main body 1;

The push mechanism includes: the upper mandrel 2 is connected with the lower mandrel 15 to form a middle-pass pipe column, wherein the top of the upper mandrel 2 is provided with a convex edge that is axially sliding and sealingly matched with the inner wall of the body 1, and the upper mandrel 2 The ring cavity with the convex edge at the top is provided with a return spring 3, a moving piston body 5, an upper static piston 8, and a lower static piston 14 sequentially from top to bottom, and the lower end of the return spring 3 is relatively fixedly connected with the spring seat 4 body 1 , the moving piston body 5 is provided with an upper piston body 36 and a lower piston body 38 which are axially sliding and sealingly matched with the body 1 at intervals along the axial direction, and the upper static piston 8 and the lower static piston 14 are fixed on the inner wall of the body 1 at intervals and are located on the upper piston body. body 36 and the lower part of the lower piston body 38, the upper static piston 8 and the lower static piston 14 are all axially sliding and sealingly matched with the moving piston body 5, and the upper static piston 8, the upper piston body 36 and the lower piston body 38 constitute the oil chamber of the upper oil cylinder respectively 31 and the middle oil chamber 29, the lower piston body 38 and the lower static piston 14 form the lower oil cylinder oil chamber 28, the return spring 3 is located in the upper oil chamber 32 formed by the upper piston body 36 and the upper mandrel 2, and the two ends of the return spring 3 are respectively It works with the upper piston body 36 and the convex edge of the upper mandrel 2; the annular cavity between the lower mandrel 15 and the support cylinder 22 is provided with a cam 17, a balance piston 20, and a differential pressure piston 21 sequentially from top to bottom, wherein the cam 17 and the cam pin assembly 18 located on the body 1 are in limited cooperation, the balance piston 20 and the differential pressure piston 21 are distributed at intervals and are both axially sliding and sealed with the body 1 and the lower mandrel 15, the balance piston 20 and the lower static piston 14 The lower oil chamber 26 is formed; the signal column 23 is fixed on the lower end of the main body 1 by the support cylinder 22 , and the signal column 23 and the lower spindle 15 form an axial insertion fit.

The righting mechanism includes: an upper cylinder 6 and a lower cylinder 12 fixed to the body 1 are arranged on the outside of the body 1 from top to bottom, and an upper piston 7 and a lower piston 11 are respectively arranged in the upper cylinder 6 and the lower cylinder 12 , Between the upper piston 7 and the lower piston 11, a plurality of righting blocks 9 are evenly distributed, and the righting blocks 9 are slidably matched with the upper piston 7 and the lower piston 11 taper surfaces, and are connected by jump rings 10 as a limit between the righting blocks 9 .

The upper oil chamber 32, the middle oil chamber 29 and the lower oil chamber 26 are interconnected, the upper oil chamber 31 is composed of the upper cylinder 6 and the upper piston 7, and the lower oil chamber 28 is composed of the lower cylinder 12 and the lower piston 11. The piston cavity of the piston is connected through the upper oil hole 30 and the lower oil hole 27 on the body 1 respectively, and the body 1 is provided with an annular hole 25 communicating with the chamber between the balance piston 20 and the differential pressure piston 21 .

The above programs further include:

The snap spring 10 is limitedly connected with the centralizing block 9 through the circumferential groove 41 of the centralizing block 9, and a bump 35 is provided on the centralizing block 9, and a step hole 40 is arranged in the step hole, and there are anti-falling screws installed on the body 1 in the step hole 39.

The cam 17 is connected with the lower spindle 15 through an upper bearing 16 and a lower bearing 19 .

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the stabilizing block on the outside of the stabilizer can expand outward under the action of the upper piston and the lower piston, and can be retracted radially under the action of the steel wire retaining spring, realizing The function of the diameter change of the stabilizer. In the scheme, the centralizing block is completely installed on the outside of the main body, which is easy to replace, and the single centralizing block has a large centralizing area, which is suitable for directional drilling in the inclined section of soft formation. There is no large opening in the main body structurally. The body strength has little effect.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structure and a sectional view of a non-working state of a hydraulic expansion type remote control variable diameter stabilizer of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a hydraulically expandable remote control variable diameter stabilizer of the present invention in a flush working state.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of a hydraulically expandable remote control variable diameter stabilizer of the present invention in an extended working state.

Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of E-E in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of F-F in Fig. 2 .

Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of G-G in Fig. 3 .

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the righting block.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper piston.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the moving piston body.

Instructions for marks in the figure:

1—body, 2—upper mandrel, 3—return spring, 4—spring seat, 5—moving piston body, 6—upper cylinder, 7—upper piston, 8—upper static piston, 9—righting block, 10— Circlip, 11—lower piston, 12—lower cylinder, 13—piston pin, 14—lower static piston, 15—lower mandrel, 16—upper bearing, 17—cam, 18—cam pin assembly, 19—lower bearing , 20—balance piston, 21—pressure differential piston, 22—support cylinder, 23—signal column, 24—lower joint, 25—annulus hole, 26—lower oil chamber, 27—lower oil hole, 28—lower cylinder oil Cavity, 29—medium oil chamber, 30—oil hole, 31—upper cylinder oil chamber, 32—upper oil chamber, 33—outer conical surface, 34—inner conical surface, 35—bump, 36—upper piston body, 37 —oil hole, 38—lower piston body, 39—anti-drop screw, 40—step hole, 41—groove.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1, the hydraulically expandable remote-controlled variable-diameter stabilizer includes a body 1 and a lower joint 24, the upper end of the body 1 and the lower end of the lower joint 24 are connected to the drill string by threads; the upper end of the body 1 is provided with an upper mandrel 2 and a spring Seat 4, a compressible return spring 3 is arranged between the upper mandrel 2 and the spring seat 4; the inner lower end of the body 1 is provided with a lower mandrel 15, a support cylinder 22, and a signal column 23, and the tubular lower mandrel 15 is arranged from top to bottom Thrust upper bearing 16, cam 17, thrust lower bearing 19, balance piston 20 that can move freely up and down, and differential pressure piston 21 are provided. There is an annular hole 25 on the body 1 at the plane position on the differential pressure piston 21, and an annular hole 25 is arranged on the cam 17. The outer corresponding body 1 is provided with a cam pin assembly 18 cooperating in the groove of the cam 17; the upper mandrel 2 and the lower mandrel 15 are connected by upper and lower threads, the middle is hollow, and the inside is a drilling fluid channel.

The outer middle part of the body 1 is provided with an upper cylinder 6, an upper piston 7, a centralizing block 9, a lower piston 11 and a lower cylinder 12 fixedly connected with the body 1 from top to bottom, an upper piston 7 and a lower piston 11 is exactly the same in structure, there is an outer conical surface 33 (as shown in Figure 8 ) on it, a groove 41 is arranged on the centralizing block 9, a steel wire retaining spring 10 is arranged on it, and a protrusion is arranged on the centralizing block 9 35, a step hole 40 is arranged in the hole, and an anti-drop screw 39 installed on the body 1 is arranged in the hole, and an inner conical surface 34 (as shown in Figure 7 ) is arranged at the upper and lower ends of the righting block 9 .

As shown in Figure 1, the lower part of the upper mandrel 2 is provided with a moving piston body 5 and an upper static piston 8 and a lower static piston 14 axially fixed on the body 1 by means of a piston pin 13, an upper static piston 8 and a lower static piston 14. There is a sealing function with the body 1 on the outside, and a sealing function with the moving piston body 5 on the inside. On the plane corresponding to the body 1 on the upper static piston 8 and the lower static piston 14, there are valves that communicate with the upper cylinder 6 and the lower cylinder 12 respectively. Upper oil hole 30 and lower oil hole 27. The movable piston body 5 is provided with an upper piston body 36, a lower piston body 38 and an oil through hole 37 (as shown in Figure 9) next to the upper plane of the lower piston body 38; Cavity, the lower cylinder oil chamber 28 is formed between the lower static piston 14 and the lower piston body 38, the lower oil chamber 26 is formed between the balance piston 20 and the lower static piston 14, the middle oil chamber 29 is formed between the upper static piston 8 and the lower piston body 38, and the upper The upper piston (also known as the top convex edge) of the mandrel 2 forms an upper oil chamber 32 with the upper piston body 36. The upper oil chamber 32, the middle oil chamber 29 and the lower oil chamber 26 are connected structurally. The upper oil chamber 31 and the lower oil chamber The cavities 28 are each independent.

As shown in Figure 1, the body 1 of the controllable variable-diameter stabilizer has multiple pieces of centralizing blocks 9 evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. Due to the effect of the conical surface, the centralizing blocks 9 are produced by the upper piston 7 and the lower piston 11. the outer diameter of the stabilizer becomes larger; after the upper piston 7 and the lower piston 11 produce an axial opposite movement, the outwardly pushed upright block 9 is pulled back by the steel wire circlip 10, and the outer diameter of the stabilizer diameter becomes smaller. The variable diameter control of the controllable variable diameter stabilizer is to control the axial movement distance produced by the upper piston 7 and the lower piston 11, the larger the relative movement distance, the larger the outer diameter of the stabilizer.

The diameter change process of the hydraulic expansion remote control variable diameter stabilizer is as follows:

When the pump is turned on, the inside of the variable diameter stabilizer is the pump pressure inside the drill string, and the annular hole 25 at the lower part of the variable diameter stabilizer introduces the pressure of the annular space into the lower oil chamber 26 of the tool. The pressure is introduced into the lower oil chamber 26; the upper oil chamber 32, the middle oil chamber 29 and the lower oil chamber 26 are connected, so the pressure of the upper oil chamber 32 is the annular pressure; there is pressure loss in the drilling tool and the drill bit at the lower part of the variable diameter stabilizer during drilling , the internal pressure of the drill string is greater than the pressure of the annular space, and the upper plane of the piston of the upper mandrel 2 will be affected by the internal pressure of the drill string, and the lower plane will be affected by the pressure of the annular space, so that the upper mandrel 2 will generate downward power and compress to reset The spring 3, and the lower mandrel 7 and the moving piston body 5 fixedly connected together also go down, the upper oil chamber 32 decreases, the middle oil chamber 29 becomes larger during the downward movement, and the oil in the upper oil chamber 32 will flow into the middle oil chamber 29 and the lower oil chamber. The volume change of the oil chamber 26 and the lower oil chamber 26 is compensated by the axial free movement of the balance piston 20; the volume of the upper cylinder oil chamber 31 and the lower cylinder oil chamber 28 decreases during the downward movement, and the oil passes through the upper oil hole 30 respectively And the lower oil hole 27 enters the upper cylinder 6 and the lower cylinder 12 to push the upper piston 7 and the lower piston 11 to move axially toward each other. Due to the effect of the conical surface, the centralizing block 9 is pushed outward, and the outer diameter of the stabilizer becomes smaller. big.

When the pump is stopped, the internal and external pressure of the tool is balanced, and the return spring 3 rebounds to push the upper mandrel 2 and the lower mandrel 15 upward. During the upward movement, the upper oil chamber 32 and the middle oil chamber 29 decrease, and the middle oil chamber 29 and the lower oil chamber 26 The oil will flow into the upper oil chamber 32, and the volume change of the lower oil chamber 26 is compensated by the axial free movement of the balance piston 20; during the downward process, the oil chamber 31 of the upper oil cylinder and the oil chamber 28 of the lower oil cylinder become larger, and the upper cylinder barrel 6 and the oil in the lower cylinder 12 respectively enter the upper oil cylinder oil cavity 31 and the lower oil cylinder oil cavity 28 through the upper oil hole 30 and the lower oil hole 27, and the upper piston 7 and the lower piston 11 Make the axial opposite movement, the righting block 9 is pulled back by the steel wire jumper 10, the outer diameter of the stabilizer becomes smaller, and returns to the non-working state (as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 4).

When the upper mandrel 2 and the lower mandrel 7 are going up and down, the cam mechanism moves accordingly, and there is a "W"-shaped groove on the cam, which cooperates with the cam pin assembly 18. This structure is the same as the commonly used stabilizer stroke control The cam structure is the same. It can control the downward stroke of the lower mandrel 15. There is a short stroke and a long stroke. Short stroke and long stroke conversion. When it is in a short stroke, the stroke ends, and the stabilizer is in a flush working state, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 5, and the diameter change is small in this state; when it is in a long stroke, the stroke ends, and the stabilizer is in an extended working state, as shown in Figure 3 As shown in Fig. 6, the diameter changes greatly in this state. In this way, the size of the diameter change of the variable diameter stabilizer is controlled, and so on, and the outer diameter of the pump tool is switched every time the pump is turned on.

Under different outer diameters, since the downstroke of the lower mandrel 7 is different, when the downstroke of the lower mandrel 7 is a short stroke, the lower mandrel 7 does not catch the signal column 23 at the end of the downstroke, and has little effect on the drilling fluid. It plays the role of throttling, as shown in Figure 2; when the downward movement of the lower mandrel 7 is a long stroke, the lower mandrel 7 ends its downward movement and traps the signal column 23, which significantly reduces the drilling fluid flow area and produces a throttling effect. As shown in Figure 3, the pump pressure of the surface drilling pump becomes larger. During the drilling process, the diameter of the downhole variable diameter stabilizer is determined through the change of the pump pressure.

The righting block uses the axial movement of the upper and lower slopes to change the radial diameter, so that the working state of the variable diameter stabilizer changes accordingly. Of course, it is also possible to directly use the commonly used tool to extend the piston radially to push the righting block. Structural form; in addition, it is also feasible to change from 3 pieces to multiple pieces as shown in the number of righting blocks.

Claims (3)

1. hydraulic buckling type remote control diameter variable stabilizer includes pushing mechanism, the support tube of ontology (1), setting in ontology (1) (22), beacon (23) and righting mechanism in ontology (1) outside is set, which is characterized in that the pushing mechanism includes：Upper mandrel (2) tubing string led in being connected and composed with lower mandrel (15), be equipped at the top of upper mandrel (2) slide axially with ontology (1) inner wall it is close The convex edge of cooperation is sealed, the downward annular space intracavitary in upper mandrel (2) top convex edge is equipped with resetting spring (3), moves and live successively from top to bottom Cock body (5) and upper quiet piston (8), under quiet piston (14), wherein resetting spring (3) lower end by with spring base（4）Ontology（1） It is relatively fixed connection, piston body (5) is axially spaced outside to seal the upper piston body of cooperation equipped with sliding axially with ontology (1) (36) and lower piston body (38), upper quiet piston (8), under quiet piston (14) interval be fixed on ontology (1) inner wall and be located at upper piston Body (36) and lower piston body (38) lower part, upper quiet piston (8), under quiet piston (14) slide axially with piston body (5) sealing Cooperation, upper quiet piston (8) respectively constitute upper cylinder oil pocket with upper piston body (36) and lower piston body (38)（31）With middle oil pocket （29）, lower piston body (38) quiet lower oil cylinder oil pocket of piston (14) composition under（28）, resetting spring (3) is located at upper piston body (36) With the upper oil cavitie of upper mandrel (2) composition（32）Interior, resetting spring (3) both ends are convex with upper piston body (36) and upper mandrel (2) respectively Along effect；It is equipped with cam (17), dummy piston in annular chamber between lower mandrel (15) and support tube (22) successively from top to bottom (20), pressure drop piston (21), wherein cam (17) and the cam pin assemblies being located on ontology (1)（18）Limit cooperation, balance are lived Plug (20) and pressure drop piston (21) are spaced apart and the sealing cooperation that slides axially with ontology (1) and lower mandrel (15), balance are lived It fills in (20) quiet piston (14) under and constitutes lower oil cavitie（26）；Beacon (23) is fixed on ontology (1) lower end by support tube (22), Beacon (23) constitutes axial mating with lower mandrel (15)；The righting mechanism includes：It is set from top to bottom outside ontology (1) There are the fixed upper cylinder barrel (6) of same ontology (1) and lower cylinder barrel (12), upper piston is respectively equipped in upper cylinder barrel (6) and lower cylinder barrel (12) (7), lower piston (11) are evenly equipped with multiple wiper blocks (9), wiper block (9) and upper work between upper piston (7), lower piston (11) Plug (7), lower piston (11) conical surface are slidably matched, and are limited and are connected by clamp spring (10) between wiper block (9)；Upper oil cavitie（32）, in Oil pocket（29）And lower oil cavitie（26）It is mutually communicated, the piston that upper cylinder oil pocket (31) is formed with upper cylinder barrel (6) and upper piston (7) Chamber, lower oil cylinder oil pocket（28）The plunger shaft formed with lower cylinder barrel (12) and lower piston (11) passes through ontology respectively（1）On oil Hole（30）With lower oilhole（27）Perforation, ontology (1) are equipped with the chamber between dummy piston (20) and pressure drop piston (21) Annulus bore（25）.

2. according to the hydraulic buckling type remote control diameter variable stabilizer described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The clamp spring（10）It is logical Cross wiper block（9）Circumferential recess（41）With wiper block（9）Limit connection, in wiper block（9）It is equipped with convex block（35）, inside there is step Hole（40）, have mounted on ontology in stepped hole（1）On anti-drop screw（39）.

3. hydraulic buckling type remote control diameter variable stabilizer according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Cam (17) passes through Upper bearing (metal) (16) and lower bearing (19) are connect with lower mandrel (15).