CN106602760B

CN106602760B - Rare earth permanent magnet magnetic suspension motor

Info

Publication number: CN106602760B
Application number: CN201710044393.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨济阁
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Zhongyongfa Co ltd
Priority date: 2017-01-19
Filing date: 2017-01-19
Publication date: 2023-07-07
Anticipated expiration: 2037-01-19
Also published as: CN106602760A

Abstract

The invention discloses a rare earth permanent magnet magnetic suspension motor, wherein a stator and a rotor are uniformly divided into 12 sub-parts along the radial direction of the stator and the rotor, and the structure of each sub-part is the same; each sub-part is radially fixed with a strip-shaped stator permanent magnet which is biased to the right side by 45 degrees, the magnetic poles of the stator permanent magnet in the magnetizing direction face the rotor, the other three surfaces are covered in the stator, the rotor is fixed with a strip-shaped rotor permanent magnet which is biased to the right side by 45 degrees in the radial direction, the magnetic poles of the rotor permanent magnet in the magnetizing direction face the stator, the other three surfaces are covered in the rotor, and the polarities of the magnetic poles of the stator permanent magnet and the rotor permanent magnet which are opposite are the same; a coreless driving coil is fixed between two adjacent stator permanent magnets; the stator coated with the stator permanent magnet and the rotor coated with the rotor permanent magnet are made of polymer antimagnetic materials. The invention adopts rare earth permanent magnet design, so that the motor has small friction force and higher transmission efficiency.

Description

Rare earth permanent magnet magnetic suspension motor

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of motors, in particular to a rare earth permanent magnet magnetic suspension motor.

Background

An electric motor is a rotary electric machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy and that basically includes an electromagnet winding or distributed stator winding for generating a magnetic field and a rotating armature or rotor. Under the action of the rotating magnetic field of the stator winding, current passes through the armature cage aluminum frame and is enabled to rotate under the action of the magnetic field.

Some of these machines may function as motors as well as generators. It is a machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. Typically, the working portion of a motor performs a rotational motion, such motor being referred to as a rotor motor; there are also linear motions called linear motors. The motor can provide a wide range of power, from milliwatts to kilowatts. The machine tool, the water pump, the belt conveyor, the fan and the like need to be driven by a motor; electric locomotives and elevators require motor traction. Electric fans, refrigerators, washing machines, and even various motor toys in the family life are not separated from the motor. Motors have been used in various aspects of modern social life.

A dc motor is generally referred to as a dc brush motor, which has the advantage of being relatively simple in terms of speed control and only requiring control of the voltage to control the co-rotation speed, but such motors are not suitable for operation in environments such as high temperature and inflammability, and because carbon brushes are required to be used as components of a current transformer (brush motor), dirt generated by friction of carbon brushes needs to be cleaned regularly. Meanwhile, a direct current brushless motor is also available, and is one of synchronous motors, compared with a brushless motor, the brushless motor is quite power-saving because of less friction between a carbon brush and a shaft, but has higher price, and a brushless controller is additionally needed.

The ac motor can be operated in high temperature and inflammable environment without cleaning carbon brush, but the speed control is difficult because there are two methods for controlling the rotational speed of the ac motor: one is to control the frequency of the alternating current using a frequency converter, the other is to use an induction motor, and the motor rotation speed is reduced at the same alternating current frequency in a mode of increasing the internal resistance, so that the torque force of the motor is only affected by the voltage control. The voltage of the common household motor is 110V, 220V and the like, and 380V or 440V and the like are also used in industry.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a rare earth permanent magnet magnetic suspension motor, which adopts the design of rare earth neodymium iron boron permanent magnets, so that the motor has small friction force and higher transmission efficiency.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a rare earth permanent magnet magnetic suspension motor comprises a stator, a rotor, a coreless driving coil, a stator permanent magnet and a rotor permanent magnet;

the stator and the rotor are uniformly divided into 12 sub-parts along the radial direction of the stator and the rotor, and the structure of each sub-part is the same; a strip-shaped stator permanent magnet which is 45 degrees towards the right side is fixed on the stator near the right side of each sub-part, the magnetic poles of the stator permanent magnet in the magnetizing direction face the rotor, and the rest three surfaces are covered in the stator;

the rotor is fixedly provided with a rectangular rotor permanent magnet which is 45 degrees towards the right, the magnetic poles of the rotor permanent magnet in the magnetizing direction face the stator, and the other three surfaces are covered in the rotor;

the polarities of the magnetic poles opposite to the stator permanent magnet and the rotor permanent magnet are the same; a coreless driving coil is fixed between two adjacent stator permanent magnets and is used for driving the rotor; the stator coated with the stator permanent magnet and the rotor coated with the rotor permanent magnet are made of polymer antimagnetic materials.

Furthermore, the rotor permanent magnet and the stator permanent magnet are neodymium-iron-boron magnets.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the stator and the rotor are both magnets with 45-degree inclined homopolar, the neodymium-iron-boron magnet is a permanent magnet with better performance at present, the permanent magnet can absorb heavy objects with 600 times of the weight of the permanent magnet, the repulsive force when homopolar repulsion is twice of the attractive force, and the stator permanent magnet pushes the rotor permanent magnet according to the principle of homopolar repulsion, so that the torque is obviously increased; the friction force is small, the rotor rotates more easily, and when the coreless driving coil sends out pulse driving force, the motor starts and rotates.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view (rotating state) of a rare earth permanent magnet magnetic levitation motor according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view (steady state) of a rare earth permanent magnet magnetic levitation motor according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is an exploded view of a hybrid bearing at two axial ends of a rare earth permanent magnet magnetic levitation motor according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a rare earth permanent magnet magnetic levitation motor according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1-a stator; 2-rotor; 3-coreless drive coils; 4-a stator permanent magnet; 5-rotor permanent magnets; 6-a left end cover; 7-a first support outer magnet; 8-a first rotor inner permanent magnet; 9-a right end cover; 10-a second rotor inner magnet; 11-a second supporting outer magnet; 12-a transmission shaft; 13-radial sector support outer magnets; 14-axial rotor inner magnets.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and detailed description, as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4.

Example 1:

the invention provides a rare earth permanent magnet magnetic suspension motor, which has the structure that: the stator comprises a stator 1, a rotor 2, a coreless driving coil 3, a stator permanent magnet 4 and a rotor permanent magnet 5; the stator 1 and the rotor 2 are uniformly divided into 12 sub-parts along the radial direction, and each sub-part has the same structure; a rectangular stator permanent magnet 4 with a radial angle of 45 degrees is fixed on the stator 1 near the right side of each sub-part, the magnetic poles of the stator permanent magnet 4 in the magnetizing direction face the rotor 2, the rest three sides are covered in the stator 1, a rectangular rotor permanent magnet 5 with a radial angle of 45 degrees is fixed on the rotor 2, the magnetic poles of the rotor permanent magnet 5 in the magnetizing direction face the stator 1, the rest three sides are covered in the rotor 2, and the magnetic poles of the stator permanent magnet 4 and the rotor permanent magnet 5 opposite to each other are the same in polarity; a coreless driving coil 3 is fixed between two adjacent stator permanent magnets 4 and is used for driving the rotor 2; the stator 1 coated with the stator permanent magnet 4 and the rotor 2 coated with the rotor permanent magnet 5 are made of polymer antimagnetic hard materials.

When the polarity of the electromagnetic field generated by the coreless driving coil 3 is the same as that of the rotor permanent magnet 5, the coreless driving coil 3 pushes the rotor 2 to incline the permanent magnet to advance to the first magnet of the stator 1, the homopolarity of the stator 1 and the homopolarity of the magnet of the rotor 2 repel each other, so that the magnet of the rotor 2 pushes the second coreless driving coil 3; at this time, the second coreless driving coil 3 generates an electromagnetic field with the same polarity as the permanent magnet of the rotor 2, and pushes the rotor 2 to tilt the permanent magnet to advance, so as to push the rotor 2 to rotate repeatedly. The motor of the invention has more sensitive and rapid driving effect and high starting speed.

By adopting the motor structure, the stator 1 and the rotor 2 adopt magnets with the same polarity inclined by 45 degrees, and the stator permanent magnets push the rotor permanent magnets according to the principle of the repulsion of the same polarity, so that the torque is obviously increased; the friction force is small, the rotor 2 rotates more easily, and when the coreless driving coil 3 emits pulse driving force, the motor starts and rotates.

Example 2:

the invention provides a rare earth permanent magnet magnetic suspension motor, which has the structure that: the stator comprises a stator 1, a rotor 2, a coreless driving coil 3, a stator permanent magnet 4 and a rotor permanent magnet 5; the stator 1 and the rotor 2 are uniformly divided into 12 sub-parts along the radial direction, and each sub-part has the same structure; a rectangular stator permanent magnet 4 with a radial angle of 45 degrees is fixed on the stator 1 near the right side of each sub-part, the magnetic poles of the stator permanent magnet 4 in the magnetizing direction face the rotor 2, the rest three sides are covered in the stator 1, a rectangular rotor permanent magnet 5 with a radial angle of 45 degrees is fixed on the rotor 2, the magnetic poles of the rotor permanent magnet 5 in the magnetizing direction face the stator 1, the rest three sides are covered in the rotor 2, and the magnetic poles of the stator permanent magnet 4 and the rotor permanent magnet 5 opposite to each other are the same in polarity; a coreless driving coil 3 is fixed between two adjacent stator permanent magnets 4 and is used for driving the rotor 2; the stator 1 coated with the stator permanent magnet 4 and the rotor 2 coated with the rotor permanent magnet 5 are made of polymer antimagnetic hard materials; the rotor permanent magnet 5 and the stator permanent magnet 4 are both rare earth neodymium-iron-boron magnets. The NdFeB magnet is a permanent magnet with better performance at present, and can suck a heavy object with 600 times of the weight of the NdFeB magnet, and the repulsive force when the homopolar repulsion is equal to twice of the attractive force. The rare earth neodymium-iron-boron magnet is adopted, so that the motor has good driving effect, high power density and small motor volume, and is beneficial to reducing the manufacturing cost of the motor.

The invention fixes the magnet into the polymer antimagnetic hard material, so that other edges of the magnet cannot leak magnetic flux. The number of permanent magnets in the stator 1 and the rotor 2 is 12, and when the permanent magnets are arranged, the permanent magnets can be opposite to each other in N poles or opposite to each other in S poles, and the angle of each pair of magnet groups relative to the radial direction of the rotor 2 is 45 degrees. The rotor 2 is in a suspended state, and in order to strengthen the suspended state of the rotor 2, both side supporting positions of the rotor can be set to be in a suspended state. The axial permanent magnets are arranged at two ends of the rotor and are recessed into the rotor a, the left end of the rotor 2 in the axial direction is an N magnetic pole, and the right end is an S magnetic pole; b. the stator 1 is assembled into a circle by 4 permanent magnets and is mounted on an end cover. The bearing plays a bearing role in axial suspension overload, and a hybrid magnetic suspension bearing is used.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, rare earth neodymium-iron-boron magnets are fixed at two axial ends of a motor stator 1 and a rotor 2, 4 sector permanent magnets are fixed at the inner sides of end covers at two axial ends of the stator 1, the 4 sector permanent magnets form a circle, and the permanent magnet is extremely strong: the plane of the 4 sector permanent magnets is flat, the upper and lower poles are N poles, the left and right poles are S poles (or the upper and lower S poles, the left and right poles are N poles), the magnetic field intensity of the assembled part is zero, and the polarities of the permanent magnets at the two axial ends of the rotor 2 are: when one axial magnetic pole is N pole, the other axial magnetic pole is S pole. The central shaft of the rotor 2 is made of antimagnetic hard shaft material, and the antimagnetic hard shaft material passes through the centers of permanent magnets at two axial ends of the motor and is connected with end cover bearings at two axial ends for mechanical power output.

Claims

1. The rare earth permanent magnet magnetic suspension motor is characterized in that 12 strip-shaped stator permanent magnets (4) with radial angles of 45 degrees are uniformly distributed and fixed on the circumference of a stator (1); the magnetic poles of the stator permanent magnets (4) in the magnetizing direction face the rotor (2), and the other three surfaces are covered in the stator (1); 12 long-strip-shaped rotor permanent magnets (5) with radial angles of 45 degrees are uniformly distributed and fixed on the circumference of the rotor (2), the magnetic poles of the rotor permanent magnets (5) in the magnetizing direction face the stator (1), and the other three surfaces are coated in the rotor (2); the polarities of the magnetic poles opposite to the stator permanent magnet (4) and the rotor permanent magnet (5) are the same; a coreless driving coil (3) is fixed on the stator between two adjacent stator permanent magnets (4) and is used for driving the rotor (2); the rotor permanent magnet (5) and the stator permanent magnet (4) are rare earth neodymium-iron-boron magnets; the first rotor inner permanent magnet (8) and the second rotor inner permanent magnet (10) are respectively arranged at two ends of the rotor and are recessed into the rotor, and the polarities of the permanent magnets at the two ends of the axial direction of the rotor are as follows: when one end of the axial magnetic pole is an N pole, the other end of the axial magnetic pole is an S pole, the inner sides of the left end cover (6) and the right end cover (9) are respectively fixed with a first support outer magnet (7) and a second support outer magnet (11), the first support outer magnet and the second support outer magnet (7, 11) form a circle by 4 sector permanent magnets, the upper part and the lower part of the 4 sector permanent magnets are N poles, the left part and the right part are S poles or the upper part and the lower part are S poles, the left part and the right part are N poles, and the magnetic field intensity at the joint part is zero; the stator (1) coated with the stator permanent magnet (4) and the rotor (2) coated with the rotor permanent magnet (5) are made of polymer antimagnetic hard materials.