CN106602525B - Power distribution network differential protective system and method - Google Patents
Power distribution network differential protective system and method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
- H02H7/261—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured involving signal transmission between at least two stations
- H02H7/262—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured involving signal transmission between at least two stations involving transmissions of switching or blocking orders
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种配电网差动保护系统及方法，该系统包括：差动保护主机、智能采集终端、光线路终端以及光网络单元；可实现差动保护的灵活扩展，适应配网系统灵活多变的接线和运行方式，适应分布式能源的灵活接入，确保配网保护的选择性、快速性、可靠性和灵敏性，实现故障的快速定位和切除；同时，采用无源光网络，可用一根主干光纤纤芯和若干分支纤芯实现多个终端的灵活接入，可大量节约光纤资源，并且在保证同步性能和SMV、GOOSE报文快速可靠传输的基础上，还能传输MMS报文，实现智能采集终端的远端配置和信息调用，实现对多电源网络的配电网的差动保护。
The invention discloses a distribution network differential protection system and method. The system includes: a differential protection host, an intelligent collection terminal, an optical line terminal and an optical network unit; it can realize flexible expansion of the differential protection and adapt to the distribution network system Flexible wiring and operation modes adapt to the flexible access of distributed energy, ensure the selectivity, rapidity, reliability and sensitivity of distribution network protection, and realize rapid fault location and removal; at the same time, adopt passive optical network , flexible access to multiple terminals can be achieved by using one main fiber core and several branch cores, which can save a lot of fiber resources, and can also transmit MMS on the basis of ensuring synchronization performance and fast and reliable transmission of SMV and GOOSE messages Message, to realize the remote configuration and information call of the intelligent collection terminal, and to realize the differential protection of the distribution network of the multi-power supply network.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及电力系统继电保护技术领域，特别涉及一种配电网差动保护系统及方法。The invention relates to the technical field of electric power system relay protection, in particular to a distribution network differential protection system and method.
背景技术Background technique
传统配电网不考虑分布式能源接入，故障电流只存在于电源和故障点之间，通常仅在变电站10kV线路出口配置带方向的过流保护，该方案的优点是配置简单，缺点是选择性差，即使为分支线路安装过流保护装置，但由于配网线路电气距离短，10kV出口处和分支线路过流保护定值大小无法区分，只能通过让10kV出口处过流保护延时动作来确保选择性。另一方面，当主干线发生故障时，如果不在主干线分段断路器安装保护，将导致全线失电；若分段断路器安装过流保护，仍然只能通过延时来确保过流保护的选择性，分段较多时，将导致变电站出口处保护动作速度非常慢。The traditional distribution network does not consider distributed energy access, and the fault current only exists between the power source and the fault point. Usually, only directional overcurrent protection is configured at the outlet of the 10kV line in the substation. Even if an overcurrent protection device is installed for the branch line, due to the short electrical distance of the distribution network line, the overcurrent protection setting value at the 10kV outlet and the branch line cannot be distinguished, and the overcurrent protection at the 10kV outlet can only be delayed Be selective. On the other hand, when the main line fails, if the main line section circuit breaker is not installed for protection, the entire line will lose power; if the section circuit breaker is installed with over-current protection, the selection of over-current protection can only be ensured by delay When there are many sections, the protection action speed at the exit of the substation will be very slow.
为了满足故障切除的快速性和故障定位的准确性，当前一种主流的做法是故障发生时，由变电站出口断路器快速切除故障，然后根据分段故障指示器定位故障，即故障点前的故障指示器由故障电流触发给出故障信号，然后由巡线工或联网得到故障信号，最终确定故障点。采用该方案能相对精确定位故障点，但也会引起非故障段停电，停电时间从几分钟到数十分钟不等。In order to meet the rapidity of fault removal and the accuracy of fault location, the current mainstream method is to quickly remove the fault by the circuit breaker at the outlet of the substation when a fault occurs, and then locate the fault according to the section fault indicator, that is, the fault before the fault point The indicator is triggered by the fault current to give a fault signal, and then the fault signal is obtained by the lineman or networked to finally determine the fault point. Using this scheme can locate the fault point relatively accurately, but it will also cause a power outage in the non-fault segment, and the power outage time varies from a few minutes to tens of minutes.
随着分布式新能源的逐步推广，配网系统由辐射状逐步演变为多电源网络，故障发生时，不仅有从系统侧流向故障点的电流，也有从分布式电源侧流向故障点的电流，这使得现有的技术中根据故障指示器来确定故障点的方法不再适用于多电源网络的配电网。With the gradual promotion of distributed new energy, the distribution network system has gradually evolved from a radial network to a multi-power supply network. When a fault occurs, not only the current flows from the system side to the fault point, but also the current flows from the distributed power source side to the fault point. This makes the method of determining the fault point according to the fault indicator in the existing technology no longer applicable to the distribution network of the multi-power supply network.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的发明目的在于提供一种配电网差动保护系统及方法，以解决现有的技术中根据故障指示器来确定故障点的方法不再适用于多电源网络的配电网的问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a distribution network differential protection system and method to solve the problem that the method of determining the fault point according to the fault indicator in the prior art is no longer applicable to the distribution network of a multi-power supply network.
根据本发明实施例第一方面，提供了一种配电网差动保护系统，主母线、从母线以及连接于所述主母线和所述从母线之间的配网线路，所述主母线设有主断路器，所述从母线设有从断路器，所述系统包括：差动保护主机、数个智能采集终端、光线路终端以及数个光网络单元；According to the first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a distribution network differential protection system, a main bus, a slave bus, and a distribution network line connected between the main bus and the slave bus, and the main bus is set There is a master circuit breaker, the slave bus is provided with a slave circuit breaker, and the system includes: a differential protection host, several intelligent collection terminals, optical line terminals and several optical network units;
所述差动保护主机与所述主母线连接；The differential protection host is connected to the main bus;
所述数个智能采集终端与所述从母线连接；The several intelligent collection terminals are connected to the slave bus;
所述光线路终端与所述差动保护主机连接；The optical line terminal is connected to the differential protection host;
所述数个光网络单元分别与所述数个智能采集终端连接；The several optical network units are respectively connected to the several intelligent collection terminals;
所述光线路终端与一根主干光纤纤芯相连，所述主干光纤纤芯与数个无源分光器连接，所述数个光网络单元分别与所述数个无源分光器连接；The optical line terminal is connected to a trunk optical fiber core, the trunk optical fiber core is connected to several passive optical splitters, and the several optical network units are respectively connected to the several passive optical splitters;
所述差动保护主机用于根据所述主母线采集第一电气量；接收所述从母线的第二电气量；根据所述第一电气量和所述第二电气量计算得出差动电流；根据所述差动电流判断所述配网线路是否发生故障；如果所述配网线路发生故障，则所述差动保护主机发出所述主断路器及所述从断路器的跳闸信号；The differential protection host is used to collect the first electrical quantity according to the main bus; receive the second electrical quantity of the slave bus; and calculate the differential current according to the first electrical quantity and the second electrical quantity; Judging whether the distribution network line fails according to the differential current; if the distribution network line fails, the differential protection host sends a trip signal for the master circuit breaker and the slave circuit breaker;
所述智能采集终端用于根据所述从母线同步采集所述第二电气量。The intelligent collection terminal is used for synchronously collecting the second electrical quantity according to the slave bus.
所述光线路终端和所述光网络单元仅传输商用数据。The optical line terminal and the optical network unit only transmit commercial data.
所述光线路终端和所述光网络单元用专用芯片或FPGA实现，作为单独装置独立运行。The optical line terminal and the optical network unit are implemented with a dedicated chip or FPGA, and run independently as separate devices.
根据本发明实施例第二方面，提供一种配电网差动保护方法，用于上述配电网差动保护系统，所述方法包括如下步骤：According to the second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a distribution network differential protection method is provided, which is used in the above distribution network differential protection system, and the method includes the following steps:
所述差动保护主机根据主母线采集第一电气量；The differential protection host collects the first electrical quantity according to the main bus;
所述差动保护主机接收第二电气量，所述第二电气量为所述智能采集终端根据所述从母线同步采集得到；The differential protection host receives a second electrical quantity, and the second electrical quantity is obtained by the intelligent collection terminal according to the synchronous collection of the slave bus;
所述差动保护主机根据所述第一电气量和所述第二电气量计算得出差动电流；根据所述差动电流判断所述配网线路是否发生故障；如果所述配网线路发生故障，则所述差动保护主机发出所述主断路器及所述从断路器的跳闸信号。The differential protection host computer calculates a differential current according to the first electrical quantity and the second electrical quantity; judges whether the distribution network line fails according to the differential current; if the distribution network line fails , then the differential protection host sends a trip signal for the master circuit breaker and the slave circuit breaker.
所述差动保护主机接收第二电气量，具体为：所述光线路终端和所述光网络单元之间通过私有协议交换电气量信息，或通过IEC 61850协议交换SMV、GOOSE报文和MMS报文。The differential protection host receives the second electrical quantity, specifically: exchanging electrical quantity information between the optical line terminal and the optical network unit through a private protocol, or exchanging SMV, GOOSE messages and MMS messages through the IEC 61850 protocol arts.
所述光线路终端和所述光网络单元之间通过IEC 61850协议交换SMV、GOOSE报文和MMS报文，具体为：所述SMV、所述GOOSE报文和所述MMS报文带宽分配采用固定轮询周期和动态带宽分配的方法。The optical line terminal and the optical network unit exchange SMV, GOOSE messages and MMS messages through the IEC 61850 protocol, specifically: the bandwidth allocation of the SMV, the GOOSE message and the MMS message adopts a fixed Polling cycle and methods for dynamic bandwidth allocation.
所述SMV、GOOSE报文和MMS报文带宽分配采用固定轮询周期和动态带宽分配的方法，具体为：Described SMV, GOOSE message and MMS message bandwidth allocation adopt the method for fixed polling period and dynamic bandwidth allocation, specifically:
设置一种新的REPORT上传和/或GATE下发机制，上行带宽划分为所述SMV、所述GOOSE报文、所述MMS报文三类，设置三个优先级，所述SMV优先级最高，所述GOOSE报文次之，所述MMS报文最低。A new REPORT upload and/or GATE delivery mechanism is set, and the uplink bandwidth is divided into three categories: the SMV, the GOOSE message, and the MMS message, and three priorities are set, and the SMV has the highest priority, The GOOSE message is second, and the MMS message is the lowest.
所述智能采集终端根据所述从母线同步采集，具体为：采用延时补偿手段或IEEE标准对时方式实现采样信息同步。The intelligent collection terminal collects synchronously according to the slave bus, specifically: adopting a delay compensation method or an IEEE standard time synchronization method to realize synchronization of sampling information.
所述采用延时补偿手段或IEEE标准对时方式实现采样信息同步，具体为：Said adopting delay compensation means or IEEE standard time synchronization mode to realize sampling information synchronization, specifically:
所述光线路终端根据内部晶振、同步于外部GPS或北斗时钟，输出秒脉冲或对时报文至所述差动保护主机；The optical line terminal outputs second pulses or timing messages to the differential protection host according to the internal crystal oscillator and is synchronized with the external GPS or Beidou clock;
所述差动保护主机的采样脉冲同步于所述光线路终端的秒脉冲或对时报文；The sampling pulse of the differential protection host is synchronized with the second pulse or the timing message of the optical line terminal;
所述光网络单元通过延时补偿手段或IEEE标准和所述光线路终端的秒脉冲实现同步对时，并输出秒脉冲或对时报文；The optical network unit realizes synchronous time synchronization with the pulse-per-second of the optical line terminal through delay compensation means or IEEE standards, and outputs pulse-per-second or time synchronization messages;
所述智能采集终端的采样脉冲同步于所述光网络单元的秒脉冲或对时报文。The sampling pulse of the intelligent collection terminal is synchronized with the pulse per second or the timing message of the optical network unit.
由以上技术方案可知，本发明的配电网差动保护系统及方法，所述配电网包括：主母线、从母线以及连接于所述主母线和所述从母线之间的配网线路，所述主母线设有主断路器，所述从母线设有从断路器，主母线、从母线以及连接于主母线和从母线之间的配网线路，主母线设有主断路器，从母线设有从断路器，系统包括：差动保护主机、数个智能采集终端、光线路终端以及数个光网络单元；差动保护主机与主母线连接；数个智能采集终端与从母线连接；光线路终端与差动保护主机连接；数个光网络单元分别与数个智能采集终端连接；光线路终端与一根主干光纤纤芯相连，主干光纤纤芯与数个无源分光器连接，数个光网络单元分别与数个无源分光器连接；差动保护主机用于根据主母线采集第一电气量；接收从母线的第二电气量；根据第一电气量和第二电气量计算得出差动电流；根据差动电流判断配网线路是否发生故障；如果配网线路发生故障，则差动保护主机发出主断路器及从断路器的跳闸信号；智能采集终端用于根据从母线同步采集第二电气量；可实现差动保护的灵活扩展，适应配网系统灵活多变的接线和运行方式，适应分布式能源的灵活接入，确保配网保护的选择性、快速性、可靠性和灵敏性，实现故障的快速定位和切除；同时，采用无源光网络，可用一根主干光纤纤芯和若干分支纤芯实现多个终端的灵活接入，可大量节约光纤资源，并且在保证同步性能和SMV、GOOSE报文快速可靠传输的基础上，还能传输MMS报文，实现智能采集终端的远端配置和信息调用，实现对多电源网络的配电网的差动保护。It can be seen from the above technical solutions that in the distribution network differential protection system and method of the present invention, the distribution network includes: a main bus, a slave bus, and a distribution network line connected between the main bus and the slave bus, The main bus is provided with a main circuit breaker, and the secondary bus is provided with a secondary circuit breaker. Equipped with a slave circuit breaker, the system includes: a differential protection host, several intelligent acquisition terminals, optical line terminals and several optical network units; the differential protection host is connected to the main bus; several intelligent acquisition terminals are connected to the slave bus; The line terminal is connected to the differential protection host; several optical network units are respectively connected to several intelligent collection terminals; the optical line terminal is connected to a trunk fiber core, and the trunk fiber core is connected to several passive optical splitters, several The optical network unit is respectively connected to several passive optical splitters; the differential protection host is used to collect the first electrical quantity according to the main bus; receive the second electrical quantity from the bus; calculate the difference according to the first electrical quantity and the second electrical quantity According to the differential current, it is judged whether the distribution network line is faulty; if the distribution network line is faulty, the differential protection host will send the trip signal of the master circuit breaker and the slave circuit breaker; the intelligent collection terminal is used to synchronously collect the first Two electrical quantities: it can realize the flexible expansion of differential protection, adapt to the flexible wiring and operation mode of distribution network system, adapt to the flexible access of distributed energy, and ensure the selectivity, rapidity, reliability and sensitivity of distribution network protection In addition, the passive optical network can be used to realize the flexible access of multiple terminals with one main fiber core and several branch cores, which can save a lot of fiber resources and ensure synchronization performance. On the basis of fast and reliable transmission of SMV and GOOSE messages, it can also transmit MMS messages to realize remote configuration and information calling of intelligent collection terminals, and realize differential protection of distribution networks with multiple power supply networks.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some of the present invention. Embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.
图1为根据一优选实施例示出的一种配电网差动保护系统的示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a distribution network differential protection system shown according to a preferred embodiment;
图2为根据一优选实施例示出的一种配电网差动保护方法的流程图；Fig. 2 is a flow chart showing a method for differential protection of a distribution network according to a preferred embodiment;
图3是改进的固定轮询周期动态带宽分配算法原理示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of an improved fixed polling period dynamic bandwidth allocation algorithm.
图示说明：Graphical description:
其中，1-差动保护主机，2-智能采集终端，3-主干光纤纤芯，10-主母线，11-主断路器，20-从母线，21-从断路器，201-光线路终端，202-光网络单元，30-配网线路。Among them, 1-differential protection host, 2-intelligent collection terminal, 3-trunk fiber core, 10-main bus, 11-main circuit breaker, 20-slave bus, 21-slave circuit breaker, 201-optical line terminal, 202-optical network unit, 30-distribution network line.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
请参阅图1，根据本发明实例的第一方面，提供一种配电网差动保护系统，所述配电网包括：主母线10、从母线20以及连接于所述主母线10和所述从母线20之间的配网线路30，所述主母线10设有主断路器11，所述从母线20设有从断路器21，所述系统包括：差动保护主机1、数个智能采集终端2、光线路终端(英文：Optical Line Terminal，缩写：OLT)201以及数个光网络单元(英文：Optical Network Unit，缩写：ONU)202；Please refer to Fig. 1, according to the first aspect of the example of the present invention, a distribution network differential protection system is provided, and the distribution network includes: a main bus 10, a slave bus 20 and a bus connected to the main bus 10 and the From the distribution network line 30 between the bus bars 20, the main bus bar 10 is provided with a main circuit breaker 11, and the slave bus bar 20 is provided with a slave circuit breaker 21. The system includes: a differential protection host 1, several intelligent acquisition Terminal 2, optical line terminal (English: Optical Line Terminal, abbreviation: OLT) 201 and several optical network units (English: Optical Network Unit, abbreviation: ONU) 202;
所述差动保护主机1与所述主母线10连接；The differential protection host 1 is connected to the main bus 10;
所述数个智能采集终端2与所述从母线20连接；The several intelligent collection terminals 2 are connected with the slave bus 20;
所述光线路终端201与所述差动保护主机1连接；The optical line terminal 201 is connected to the differential protection host 1;
所述数个光网络单元202分别与所述数个智能采集终端2连接；The several optical network units 202 are respectively connected to the several intelligent collection terminals 2;
所述光线路终端201与一根主干光纤纤芯3相连，所述主干光纤纤芯3与数个无源分光器连接，所述数个光网络单元202分别与所述数个无源分光器连接；The optical line terminal 201 is connected to a trunk optical fiber core 3, the trunk optical fiber core 3 is connected to several passive optical splitters, and the several optical network units 202 are respectively connected to the several passive optical splitters connect;
所述差动保护主机1用于根据所述主母线10采集第一电气量；接收所述从母线20的第二电气量；根据所述第一电气量和所述第二电气量计算得出差动电流；根据所述差动电流判断所述配网线路30是否发生故障；如果所述配网线路30发生故障，则所述差动保护主机1发出所述主断路器11及所述从断路器21的跳闸信号；The differential protection master 1 is used to collect the first electric quantity according to the main bus 10; receive the second electric quantity of the slave bus 20; calculate the difference according to the first electric quantity and the second electric quantity According to the differential current, it is judged whether the distribution network line 30 fails; if the distribution network line 30 fails, the differential protection host 1 sends the main circuit breaker 11 and the slave circuit breaker The trip signal of device 21;
所述智能采集终端2用于根据所述从母线20同步采集所述第二电气量。The intelligent collection terminal 2 is used for synchronously collecting the second electrical quantity according to the slave bus 20 .
所述光线路终端201和所述光网络单元202仅传输商用数据。The OLT 201 and the ONU 202 only transmit commercial data.
所述光线路终端201和所述光网络单元202用专用芯片或FPGA实现，作为单独装置独立运行。The optical line terminal 201 and the optical network unit 202 are implemented by a dedicated chip or FPGA, and run independently as separate devices.
请参阅图2，根据本发明实例的第二方面，提供一种配电网差动保护方法，用于上述配电网差动保护系统，所述方法包括如下步骤：Please refer to Fig. 2, according to the second aspect of the example of the present invention, a distribution network differential protection method is provided, which is used in the above distribution network differential protection system, and the method includes the following steps:
步骤S1、所述差动保护主机根据主母线采集第一电气量；Step S1, the differential protection host collects the first electrical quantity according to the main bus;
步骤S2、所述差动保护主机接收从母线的第二电气量，所述第二电气量为所述智能采集终端根据所述从母线同步采集得到；Step S2, the differential protection master receives the second electrical quantity of the slave bus, and the second electrical quantity is obtained by the intelligent collection terminal according to the synchronous collection of the slave bus;
步骤S3、所述差动保护主机根据所述第一电气量和所述第二电气量计算得出差动电流；Step S3, the differential protection host calculates a differential current according to the first electrical quantity and the second electrical quantity;
步骤S4、根据所述差动电流判断所述配网线路是否发生故障；Step S4, judging whether the distribution network line is faulty according to the differential current;
步骤S5、如果所述配网线路发生故障，则所述光线路终端发出所述主断路器及所述从断路器的跳闸信号。Step S5, if the distribution network line fails, the optical line terminal sends a trip signal of the master circuit breaker and the slave circuit breaker.
所述差动保护主机1接收第二电气量，具体为：所述光线路终端201和所述光网络单元202之间通过私有协议交换电气量信息，或通过IEC 61850协议交换SMV、GOOSE报文和MMS报文。The differential protection host 1 receives the second electrical quantity, specifically: the optical line terminal 201 and the optical network unit 202 exchange electrical quantity information through a private protocol, or exchange SMV and GOOSE messages through an IEC 61850 protocol and MMS messages.
所述光线路终端201和所述光网络单元202之间通过IEC 61850协议交换SMV、GOOSE报文和MMS报文，具体为：所述SMV、所述GOOSE报文和所述MMS报文带宽分配采用固定轮询周期和动态带宽分配的方法。The optical line terminal 201 and the optical network unit 202 exchange SMV, GOOSE messages and MMS messages through the IEC 61850 protocol, specifically: bandwidth allocation of the SMV, the GOOSE message and the MMS message A method of fixed polling period and dynamic bandwidth allocation is adopted.
所述SMV、GOOSE报文和MMS报文带宽分配采用固定轮询周期和动态带宽分配的方法，具体为：Described SMV, GOOSE message and MMS message bandwidth allocation adopt the method for fixed polling period and dynamic bandwidth allocation, specifically:
设置一种新的REPORT上传和/或GATE下发机制，上行带宽划分为所述SMV、所述GOOSE报文、所述MMS报文三类，设置三个优先级，所述SMV优先级最高，所述GOOSE报文次之，所述MMS报文最低。A new REPORT upload and/or GATE delivery mechanism is set, and the uplink bandwidth is divided into three categories: the SMV, the GOOSE message, and the MMS message, and three priorities are set, and the SMV has the highest priority, The GOOSE message is second, and the MMS message is the lowest.
所述智能采集终端2根据所述从母线20同步采集，具体为：采用延时补偿手段或IEEE标准对时方式实现采样信息同步。The intelligent collection terminal 2 collects synchronously according to the slave bus 20, specifically: adopting a delay compensation method or an IEEE standard time synchronization method to realize synchronization of sampling information.
所述采用延时补偿手段或IEEE标准对时方式实现采样信息同步，具体为：Said adopting delay compensation means or IEEE standard time synchronization mode to realize sampling information synchronization, specifically:
所述光线路终端201根据内部晶振、同步于外部GPS或北斗时钟，输出秒脉冲或对时报文至所述差动保护主机1；The optical line terminal 201 outputs the second pulse or timing message to the differential protection host 1 according to the internal crystal oscillator and synchronizes with the external GPS or Beidou clock;
所述差动保护主机1的采样脉冲同步于所述光线路终端201的秒脉冲或对时报文；The sampling pulse of the differential protection host 1 is synchronized with the second pulse or the timing message of the optical line terminal 201;
所述光网络单元202通过延时补偿手段或IEEE标准和所述光线路终端201的秒脉冲实现同步对时，并输出秒脉冲或对时报文；The optical network unit 202 realizes synchronous time synchronization with the second pulse of the optical line terminal 201 through delay compensation means or IEEE standards, and outputs the second pulse or time synchronization message;
所述智能采集终端2的采样脉冲同步于所述光网络单元202的秒脉冲或对时报文。The sampling pulse of the intelligent collection terminal 2 is synchronized with the pulse per second or the timing message of the optical network unit 202 .
本发明实时的关键点是用EPON实现两侧采样同步、高速数据通信。实现各侧同步采样的具体实施方式如下：和差动保护主机1相连的光线路终端201依据一个本地时钟或时间计数器，按一个采样周期产生一个周期性采样时刻序列，并将包含采样时刻、采样周期、往返路径时延或下行路径时延的同步采样信息下发给和智能采集终端2的光网络单元202，智能采集终端2采样时刻都由差动保护主机1的光线路终端201产生并下发，智能采集终端2依据此同步采样信息产生周期性采样脉冲；实现高速数据通信的具体实施方式如下：通过采用固定轮询周期和动态带宽分配相结合的方法，解决了IEC61850协议中SMV、GOOSE和MMS报文对于通信快速性、可靠性的协调问题；确保SMV每秒4000点等间隔传输，GOOSE报文开关量是否变位以动态间隔可靠传输，同时确保MMS报文的传输效率。The real-time key point of the present invention is to use EPON to realize sampling synchronization on both sides and high-speed data communication. The specific implementation manner of realizing synchronous sampling on each side is as follows: the optical line terminal 201 connected to the differential protection host 1 generates a periodic sampling time sequence according to a sampling period according to a local clock or a time counter, and will include sampling time, sampling The synchronous sampling information of period, round-trip path delay or downlink path delay is sent to the optical network unit 202 of the intelligent collection terminal 2, and the sampling time of the intelligent collection terminal 2 is generated by the optical line terminal 201 of the differential protection host 1 and downloaded According to the synchronous sampling information, the intelligent acquisition terminal 2 generates periodic sampling pulses; the specific implementation method of realizing high-speed data communication is as follows: by adopting the method of combining fixed polling period and dynamic bandwidth allocation, the SMV and GOOSE in the IEC61850 protocol are solved. Coordination with MMS messages for communication speed and reliability; ensure that SMV 4000 points per second are transmitted at equal intervals, whether the switching value of GOOSE messages is changed and transmitted reliably at dynamic intervals, and at the same time ensure the transmission efficiency of MMS messages.
如图3所示，在每个轮询周期内，OLT给每一个ONU下发两次GATE授权，第一次下发的GATE授权包括最高优先级业务(SMV，如SV1、SV2)带宽授权，如G1、G2、G'1、G'2，第二次下发的GATE授权包括中优先级业务(GOOSE报文，如GOOSE1、GOOSE2)和低优先级业务(MMS报文，如MMS1、MMS2)的带宽授权，如Gs1、Gs2、Gs'1、Gs'2。ONU1在G1授权窗口内，首先上传SMV，并在SMV之后紧接着上传一个REPORT报文(如R1、R2)，ONU申请带宽时，按三个优先级别分开申请，OLT收到ONU1上传的REPORT时，首先对SMV带宽申请立即进行分配，并下发一个授权G'1至ONU1；同理，ONU2在G2授权窗口内做同样处理；在OLT收到所有ONU上传的REPORT后，统计所有ONU的中、低优先级带宽申请，统筹分配带宽，并将中、低优先级业务分配的带宽通过Gs'1、Gs'2授权下发告之相应的ONU。As shown in Figure 3, in each polling cycle, the OLT issues two GATE authorizations to each ONU. The GATE authorization issued for the first time includes the highest priority service (SMV, such as SV1, SV2) bandwidth authorization. Such as G1, G2, G'1, G'2, the GATE authorization issued for the second time includes medium priority services (GOOSE messages, such as GOOSE1, GOOSE2) and low priority services (MMS messages, such as MMS1, MMS2 ), such as Gs1, Gs2, Gs'1, Gs'2. In the G1 authorization window, ONU1 first uploads the SMV, and then uploads a REPORT message (such as R1, R2) immediately after the SMV. When the ONU applies for bandwidth, it applies separately according to three priority levels. When the OLT receives the REPORT uploaded by ONU1 , first allocate the SMV bandwidth application immediately, and issue an authorization G'1 to ONU1; similarly, ONU2 does the same processing in the G2 authorization window; , Low priority bandwidth application, overall planning and allocation of bandwidth, and the bandwidth allocated by medium and low priority services to the corresponding ONU through the authorization of Gs'1 and Gs'2.
本算法是根据在第N个轮询周期内收到的REPORT报文，对第(N+1)个轮询周期(如T1)内带宽进行动态分配。从上述原理描述可以看出，动态带宽分配算法计算处理时间，并不占用带宽资源，整个动态带宽分配周期内不存在着任何空闲带宽浪费。本算法采用带宽三次分配两次下发机制：OLT按SMV、GOOSE、MMS三种优先级依次完成对三种类型业务的带宽分配；高优先级SMV业务带宽单独用一个GATE授权报文下发；中、低优先级GOOSE、MMS业务带宽，为了避免过频繁下发GATE报文导致占用过多下行带宽资源，GOOSE、MMS业务带宽合并到一个GATE授权中进行下发。This algorithm dynamically allocates the bandwidth in the (N+1)th polling period (such as T1) according to the REPORT message received in the Nth polling period. It can be seen from the above principle description that the dynamic bandwidth allocation algorithm calculates and processes time and does not occupy bandwidth resources, and there is no idle bandwidth waste in the entire dynamic bandwidth allocation cycle. This algorithm adopts the bandwidth allocation mechanism for three times and two delivery times: the OLT completes the bandwidth allocation for the three types of services in turn according to the three priorities of SMV, GOOSE, and MMS; the high-priority SMV service bandwidth is issued separately with a GATE authorization message; Medium and low-priority GOOSE and MMS service bandwidths, in order to avoid excessive downlink bandwidth resource occupation due to the frequent delivery of GATE messages, the GOOSE and MMS service bandwidths are combined into one GATE authorization for delivery.
本算法将每个动态带宽轮询周期人为划分为两段：SMV上传部分Tup和GOOSE、MMS上传部分Tdown，Tdba＝Tup+Tdown，初始化时设定Tup＝TN/2,Tup和Tdown示意说明如图3所示。在Tup时间段内，当OLT收到ONU上传的REPORT报文时，立即对REPORT中申请的最高优先级业务(SMV)带宽申请进行授权，并下发一个授权GATE给ONU，并更新一下轮询周期内的Tup值；在Tup窗口结束时，OLT开始统计所有ONU上传的GOOSE、MMS带宽申请，首先依次对所有ONU申请的中优先级业务(GOOSE)带宽申请进行带宽分配，然后再依次对所有ONU的申请的低优先级业务(MMS)带宽申请进行带宽分配，最后将GOOSE、MMS带宽授权合并到一个授权GATE中并下发给相应的ONU。This algorithm artificially divides each dynamic bandwidth polling cycle into two sections: SMV upload part Tup and GOOSE, MMS upload part Tdown, Tdba=Tup+Tdown, set Tup=TN/2 during initialization, Tup and Tdown are illustrated as follows Figure 3 shows. During the Tup time period, when the OLT receives the REPORT message uploaded by the ONU, it immediately authorizes the highest priority service (SMV) bandwidth application applied in the REPORT, and issues an authorization GATE to the ONU, and updates the polling The Tup value within the period; at the end of the Tup window, the OLT starts to count the GOOSE and MMS bandwidth applications uploaded by all ONUs. The low priority business (MMS) bandwidth application of the ONU application is used for bandwidth allocation, and finally the GOOSE and MMS bandwidth authorizations are combined into an authorization GATE and issued to the corresponding ONU.
由以上技术方案可知，本发明的配电网差动保护系统及方法，所述配电网包括：主母线、从母线以及连接于所述主母线和所述从母线之间的配网线路，所述主母线设有主断路器，所述从母线设有从断路器，主母线、从母线以及连接于主母线和从母线之间的配网线路，主母线设有主断路器，从母线设有从断路器，系统包括：差动保护主机、数个智能采集终端、光线路终端以及数个光网络单元；差动保护主机与主母线连接；数个智能采集终端与从母线连接；光线路终端与差动保护主机连接；数个光网络单元分别与数个智能采集终端连接；光线路终端与一根主干光纤纤芯相连，主干光纤纤芯与数个无源分光器连接，数个光网络单元分别与数个无源分光器连接；差动保护主机用于根据主母线采集第一电气量；接收从母线的第二电气量；根据第一电气量和第二电气量计算得出差动电流；根据差动电流判断配网线路是否发生故障；如果配网线路发生故障，则差动保护主机发出主断路器及从断路器的跳闸信号；智能采集终端用于根据从母线同步采集第二电气量；可实现差动保护的灵活扩展，适应配网系统灵活多变的接线和运行方式，适应分布式能源的灵活接入，确保配网保护的选择性、快速性、可靠性和灵敏性，实现故障的快速定位和切除；同时，采用无源光网络，可用一根主干光纤纤芯和若干分支纤芯实现多个终端的灵活接入，可大量节约光纤资源，并且在保证同步性能和SMV、GOOSE报文快速可靠传输的基础上，还能传输MMS报文，实现智能采集终端的远端配置和信息调用，实现对多电源网络的配电网的差动保护。It can be seen from the above technical solutions that in the distribution network differential protection system and method of the present invention, the distribution network includes: a main bus, a slave bus, and a distribution network line connected between the main bus and the slave bus, The main bus is provided with a main circuit breaker, and the secondary bus is provided with a secondary circuit breaker. Equipped with a slave circuit breaker, the system includes: a differential protection host, several intelligent acquisition terminals, optical line terminals and several optical network units; the differential protection host is connected to the main bus; several intelligent acquisition terminals are connected to the slave bus; The line terminal is connected to the differential protection host; several optical network units are respectively connected to several intelligent collection terminals; the optical line terminal is connected to a trunk fiber core, and the trunk fiber core is connected to several passive optical splitters, several The optical network unit is respectively connected to several passive optical splitters; the differential protection host is used to collect the first electrical quantity according to the main bus; receive the second electrical quantity from the bus; calculate the difference according to the first electrical quantity and the second electrical quantity According to the differential current, it is judged whether the distribution network line is faulty; if the distribution network line is faulty, the differential protection host will send the trip signal of the master circuit breaker and the slave circuit breaker; the intelligent collection terminal is used to synchronously collect the first Two electrical quantities: it can realize the flexible expansion of differential protection, adapt to the flexible wiring and operation mode of distribution network system, adapt to the flexible access of distributed energy, and ensure the selectivity, rapidity, reliability and sensitivity of distribution network protection In addition, the passive optical network can be used to realize the flexible access of multiple terminals with one main fiber core and several branch cores, which can save a lot of fiber resources and ensure synchronization performance. On the basis of fast and reliable transmission of SMV and GOOSE messages, it can also transmit MMS messages to realize remote configuration and information calling of intelligent collection terminals, and realize differential protection of distribution networks with multiple power supply networks.
本领域技术人员在考虑说明书及实践这里公开的发明后，将容易想到本发明的其它实施方案。本申请旨在涵盖本发明的任何变型、用途或者适应性变化，这些变型、用途或者适应性变化遵循本发明的一般性原理并包括本发明未公开的本技术领域中的公知常识或惯用技术手段。说明书和实施例仅被视为示例性的，本发明的真正范围和精神由下面的权利要求指出。Other embodiments of the invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any modification, use or adaptation of the present invention, these modifications, uses or adaptations follow the general principles of the present invention and include common knowledge or conventional technical means in the technical field not disclosed in the present invention . The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.
应当理解的是，本发明并不局限于上面已经描述并在附图中示出的精确结构，并且可以在不脱离其范围进行各种修改和改变。本发明的范围仅由所附的权利要求来限制。It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the precise constructions which have been described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.
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| CN204559113U (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-08-12 | 国家电网公司 | Power distribution network multistage loop grid vertical connection phase segregated differential protection device |
| CN105896489A (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-08-24 | 许继集团有限公司 | Differential protection method and system for multi-end T connected transmission line |
| CN106099879A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2016-11-09 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Differential protection system and differential protection implementation method for flexible direct current distribution network line |
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| CN101350520B (en) * | 2008-09-17 | 2010-10-06 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司 | Protection control system and method base on electric network synthesis information |
| CN101938117B (en) * | 2010-10-14 | 2012-10-31 | 山东大学 | A current differential protection method suitable for smart distribution network |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101677183A (en) * | 2008-09-16 | 2010-03-24 | 河南省电力公司许昌供电公司 | Self-adaptive master-slave positioning method for three-terminal differential protection |
| CN204559113U (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-08-12 | 国家电网公司 | Power distribution network multistage loop grid vertical connection phase segregated differential protection device |
| CN105896489A (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-08-24 | 许继集团有限公司 | Differential protection method and system for multi-end T connected transmission line |
| CN106099879A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2016-11-09 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Differential protection system and differential protection implementation method for flexible direct current distribution network line |
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