CN106599080A - Method for rapidly generating GIS-based anti-flood transfer map - Google Patents
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- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for rapidly generating a GIS-based anti-flood transfer map. The method comprises the following steps of: obtaining a basic geographic element map layer, a water conservancy project element map layer and a flood submerging map layer; generating anti-flood transfer elements including a danger area, a resting place, a transfer unit and a transfer path map layer; and, sequentially superposing the flood submerging map layer, the basic geographic element map layer, the water conservancy project element map layer and an anti-flood transfer element map layer from bottom to top, signifying the various map layers, adding label and surface finishing elements into the topmost layer, and generating an anti-flood transfer map. By means of the method disclosed by the invention, the drawing process of the anti-flood transfer map is modularized; the drawing operation is simplified; therefore, the drawing manpower and material resources can be greatly reduced; the uncertainty and the inaccuracy of artificial judgment and identification are reduced; and the demand of generating the anti-flood transfer map accurately and rapidly in an emergency flood event scene can be satisfied.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to disaster hedging and GIS-Geographic Information System draughtsmanship field, and in particular to a kind of keeping away based on GIS
The rapid generation of flood transfer figure.
Background technology
In recent years extreme weather events take place frequently, and flood increases.Keep away flood transfer to refer to according to different flood damage situations,
Effective emergency policy is formulated using existing traffic network, flood control installation, the emergent transfer Managed Solution of optimization is further carried
Adaptability to changes of the high region to flood damage, so as to reduce casualties and property loss caused by flood damage.Keep away flood to turn
Shifting figure refers to the map for clearly indicating the information such as hazardous area, buanch unit, settlement, and transferring route, direction.Keep away big vast transfer
Above-mentioned key element can intuitively be shown on the diagram, be carried out keeping away flood transfer decision-making with Added Management department by figure.
Flood transfer drawing is kept away at present mainly relies on making drawing personnel's manual identified and manual screening buanch unit, placement place etc.
Key element, takes time and effort and easily makes a fault.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome deficiency of the prior art, there is provided a kind of big vast transfer figure kept away based on GIS
Rapid generation, according to the basic geography information in flood inundation on tracks area, quickly generates buanch unit, planning placement place, formulates
Transferring route, then generates and keeps away big vast transfer figure, can keep away big vast transfer scheme for administrative department's formulation and provide decision support, solves
Existing method is difficult to meet the technical problem that big vast transfer figure is accurate, quickly generate requirement of keeping away under burst flood event scene.
To solve above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of rapid generation for keeping away big vast transfer figure based on GIS,
Comprise the steps：
Step 101, obtains basic geographic elements figure layer, hydraulic engineering key element figure layer and the flood inundation on tracks figure layer in flood inundation on tracks area；
Wherein geographic element figure layer includes administrative division, water system, communal facility point and the road of area to be protected against floods；Sketch map is wanted in hydraulic engineering
Layer includes water inlet, hydrometric station, sluice, pumping plant and dyke；Flood inundation on tracks figure layer includes depth of the water submerging value；
Step 102, sets up in GIS and keeps away flood transfer key element process model, generates hazardous area figure layer, placement place figure layer, transfer
Unit figure layer and transfer path figure layer；Specifically include following steps：
201, extract hazardous area：In flood inundation on tracks figure layer, a certain water depth value is set, based on depth of the water submerging more than the depth of water for setting
The region that value rule is selected obtains hazardous area figure layer as hazardous area；
202, select placement place：Communal facility point key element in communal facility point figure layer and hazardous area in the figure layer of hazardous area are entered
Row merges stacked, extracts the communal facility point not in hazardous area as placement place, generates placement place point figure layer；
203, determine buanch unit：Communal facility point key element in communal facility point figure layer is carried out with key element in administrative division figure layer
Merge stacked, extract the administrative division not comprising communal facility point as middle figure layer one；By the danger in the figure layer of hazardous area
Area's key element takes common factor with all key elements in administrative division figure layer, extracts the administrative division in hazardous area as middle figure layer
Two；All key elements in all key elements in middle figure layer one and flood inundation on tracks figure layer are taken into common factor, is extracted in submergence ratio
Administrative division not comprising communal facility point is used as middle figure layer three；By all key elements in middle figure layer two and middle figure layer three
In all key elements take union, extract the administration in the administrative division not comprising communal facility point and hazardous area in submergence ratio
Zoning is used as buanch unit figure layer；Buanch unit figure layer is divided into into multiple buanch units；
204, generate transfer path：The road data of path and joint is included according to mileage chart layer building in GIS platforms
Collection, calculates the shortest path from buanch unit to placement place, generates the most short transfer path from buanch unit to placement place
Figure layer；
Step 103, drafting keeps away big vast transfer figure：Flood inundation on tracks figure layer, basic geographic elements figure layer, water conservancy are sequentially overlapped from top to bottom
Engineering factor figure layer shifts key element figure layer with flood is kept away, and each figure layer of symbolism, the addition in the superiors is marked and drawing ornamenting key element, raw
Into keeping away big vast transfer figure.
Further, calculate from buanch unit to the shortest path in placement place and use Dijkstra algorithms.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that reached of the present invention is：Modularization of the present invention keeps away the system of big vast transfer figure
Workflow graph, simplifies drawing operation, can significantly mitigate drawing manpower and materials, reduction manually sentence the uncertainty of knowledge with it is inaccurate
Property, meet under burst flood event scene accurately, quickly generate the demand for keeping away big vast transfer figure.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the present invention based on the rapid generation for keeping away big vast transfer figure of GIS；
Fig. 2 is that the present invention keeps away the flow chart that flood transfer key element processes model；
Fig. 3 is that the present invention keeps away the flow chart that flood transfer key element processes model submodule.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the invention will be further described.Following examples are only used for clearly illustrating the present invention
Technical scheme, and can not be limited the scope of the invention with this.
In prior art, big vast transfer figure is kept away based on information such as method for flood submerged area, the depth of waters, will by GIS informationizations means
Flood element, fundamental geological, road and flood control emergency preplan etc. are patterned, symbolic formulation, make to keep away big vast measure more straight
See, efficiently, racing can be answered for flood prevention headquarter rational emergency response pre-planned schemes at different levels, deployment emergency flood fighting, the resistance masses
Move to evacuate to provide and refer to hedging information.
Keeping away the fundamental represented in big vast transfer figure includes：Fundamental Geographic Information System, such as administrative division, residential area, water system, road
The figure layers such as road, dyke；Basic Flood Information, such as the flood inundation on tracks depth of water, submergence ratio；Substantially big vast transinformation is kept away, it is such as dangerous
Area, buanch unit, settlement, transferring route, dangerous spot distribution etc..
A kind of rapid generation for keeping away big vast transfer figure based on GIS of the present invention, as shown in figure 1, comprising the steps：
Step 101, obtains basic geographic elements figure layer, hydraulic engineering key element figure layer and the flood inundation on tracks figure layer in flood inundation on tracks area；
In concrete Practical Project, geographic element figure layer and hydraulic engineering key element figure layer digitize or put key element by paper map
Latitude and longitude coordinates import GIS platform and obtain, and geographic element figure layer includes administrative division, water system, communal facility point and road, can be with
Obtained by digitizing administrative map, drainage map, communal facility distribution map and the communication chart of the area to be protected against floods of papery；Water conservancy
Engineering factor figure layer includes water inlet, hydrometric station, sluice, pumping plant and dyke, can pass through the area to be protected against floods of digitlization papery
Hydraulic engineering distribution map obtain；Flood inundation on tracks figure layer includes depth of the water submerging value, can be obtained by remote sensing aerial survey, and such as flood floods
Do not have figure layer to be the remote sensing landform image grid map acquired in high-resolution satellite, grid cell, raster cell value represents the flat of correspondence earth's surface
Equal water depth value, depth of the water submerging value of this mean depth value as this region.
Step 102, generation includes that the flood of keeping away of hazardous area, placement place, buanch unit and transfer path shifts key element；
In implementing, keep away flood transfer key element by GIS software set up keep away flood transfer key element process model obtain, process
Flow chart such as Fig. 2, comprises the following steps：
Step 201, generates hazardous area：Hazardous area refers to may be inundated with flood or besiege, and needs are taken and keep away big vast transfer measure
Region.In flood inundation on tracks figure layer, a certain water depth value is set, selected more than the water depth value rule of setting based on depth of the water submerging
Region obtains hazardous area figure layer as hazardous area, and such as water depth value may be configured as 0.2 meter, will drown out water depth value and is more than 0.2 meter
Region is referred to as hazardous area, extracts this region figure layer and obtains hazardous area figure layer；
Step 202, selects placement place：Placement place is referred to certain carrying capacity, and can ensure that keeping away big vast personnel pacifies
Entirely with the resettlement area or place of basic living condition.Communal facility point figure layer and hazardous area figure layer are done into overlay operation, this is folded
Put operation and belong to that merging is stacked, concrete operations be point take with face occur simultaneously after negate the new relation on attributes of generation.Will communal facility
Communal facility point key element in point figure layer takes with hazardous area in the figure layer of hazardous area and negated after common factor, extracts not in hazardous area
Communal facility point generates placement place point figure layer as placement place.
Step 203, determines buanch unit：Buanch unit refers in hazardous area, need to take and keep away big vast transfer measure most
Subsection（Such as small towns, administrative village, natural village）.The determination of buanch unit is followed in prior art《Flood risk mapping establishment is led
Then》The principle of regulation：The buanch unit in the regions such as flood storage and detention basin, floodplain is not more than natural village；Area to be protected against floods buanch unit
No more than small towns, such as dangerous area are less than 1000km2, buanch unit is not more than administrative village.It is determined that the single concrete reality of transfer
Existing process flow diagram flow chart is as shown in Figure 3：Communal facility point key element in communal facility point figure layer is entered with key element in administrative division figure layer
Row merges stacked（Take and negated after common factor）, the administrative area cuttings not comprising communal facility point is extracted as middle figure layer one；Will
Hazardous area key element in the figure layer of hazardous area takes common factor with all key elements in administrative division figure layer, extracts the administration in hazardous area
Zoning face is used as middle figure layer two；All key elements in all key elements in middle figure layer one and flood inundation on tracks figure layer are taken into friendship
Collection, extracts and do not include in submergence ratio the administrative area cuttings of communal facility point as middle figure layer three；By in middle figure layer two
All key elements take union with all key elements in middle figure layer three, extract the row not comprising communal facility point in submergence ratio
, used as buanch unit figure layer, transfer is single based on more than in buanch unit figure layer for administrative area cuttings in administrative division cuttings and hazardous area
Whole buanch unit region division is multiple buanch units by the division principle of unit.
Step 204, generates transfer path：Transfer path refers to from buanch unit to the road placement place.In GIS
According to mileage chart layer building road data collection in platform, data set includes path and joint.Path attribute is set during structure, such as
Connectedness, direction, grade and impedance and joint attribute, such as impedance, U-shaped turning strategy；Then carry out path analysis, generate from
Most short transfer path figure layer of the buanch unit to placement place.Path analysis uses Dijkstra algorithms.Prior art
Dijkstra arthmetic statements are as follows：
1）Arcs is made to represent the weights on arc.If arc is not present, arcs is put for ∞.S is the terminal from V for having found
Set, original state is empty set.So, the initial value of the length being likely to be breached to upper remaining each summit Vi of figure from V is D=
Arcs [Locate Vex (G, Vi)], Vi ∈ V；
2）Select Vj so that D [j]=Min D | Vi ∈ V-S }；
3）Change the shortest path length to arbitrary summit Vk in set V-S from V.
Path is the arc defined in algorithm, and the set of joint is the S defined in algorithm.Algorithm will be in the point set that crosses
In search the joint with minimum shortest path valuation repeatedly, joint concentration is then added to, while updating all
The shortest path valuation of but adjacent with joint point is not concentrated in joint.The algorithm is continued executing with, until target crosses
Point is able to be added to joint concentration.
Step 103, drafting keeps away big vast transfer figure.
Basic geographic elements figure layer is superimposed in flood inundation on tracks figure layer, administrative division therein, water system and road is extracted,
For showing the Fundamental Geographic Information System of area to be protected against floods；Hydraulic engineering key element figure layer is superimposed thereon, extracts water inlet therein, water
Literary station, precipitation station, sluice, pumping plant and dyke, for showing the hydraulic engineering information of area to be protected against floods；Superposition is gone up again keeps away big vast transfer
Key element figure layer, extracts placement place therein, buanch unit and transfer path, for showing that the flood transfer that keeps away of area to be protected against floods is believed
Breath.Then according in prior art《Flood risk mapping draughtsmanship is required（It is tentative）》Regulation is charted, will to keeping away flood transfer
Sketch map shows symbolism and addition mark and drawing ornamenting key element.The each figure layer of symbolism, for intuitively showing each figure by figure
The information of key element in layer, such as different colors, shape, size etc., and illustrated by legend；Addition mark and drawing ornamenting
Key element, including the map title, compass, explanatory note, engineer's scale and chart, for improving and expand map content；Arrange and show model
Enclose, scope is set to the central area that submergence ratio occupies the size of drawing about 1/4.Most all flood inundation on tracks figure layers, basis at last
Geographic element, hydraulic engineering key element, keep away flood transfer key element and drawing ornamenting key element be displayed in jointly on drawing, ultimately generate and keep away flood
Transfer figure.
Modularization of the present invention keeps away the drawing flow process of big vast transfer figure, simplifies drawing operation, can significantly mitigate drawing manpower
The uncertain and inaccuracy of knowledge is manually sentenced in material resources, reduction, meet under burst flood event scene accurately, quickly generate
Keep away the demand of big vast transfer figure.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, on the premise of without departing from the technology of the present invention principle, some improvement and modification can also be made, these are improved and modification
Also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of rapid generation for keeping away big vast transfer figure based on GIS, is characterized in that, comprise the steps：
Step 101, obtains basic geographic elements figure layer, hydraulic engineering key element figure layer and the flood inundation on tracks figure layer in flood inundation on tracks area；
Wherein geographic element figure layer includes administrative division, water system, communal facility point and the road of area to be protected against floods；Sketch map is wanted in hydraulic engineering
Layer includes water inlet, hydrometric station, sluice, pumping plant and dyke；Flood inundation on tracks figure layer includes depth of the water submerging value；
Step 102, generation hazardous area figure layer, placement place figure layer, buanch unit figure layer are processed in GIS to keeping away flood transfer key element
With transfer path figure layer；Specifically include following steps：
201, extract hazardous area：In flood inundation on tracks figure layer, selected more than the water depth value rule of setting based on depth of the water submerging
Region obtains hazardous area figure layer as hazardous area；
202, select placement place：Communal facility point key element in communal facility point figure layer and hazardous area in the figure layer of hazardous area are entered
Row merges stacked, extracts the communal facility point not in hazardous area as placement place, generates placement place point figure layer；
203, determine buanch unit：Communal facility point key element in communal facility point figure layer is carried out with key element in administrative division figure layer
Merge stacked, extract the administrative division not comprising communal facility point as middle figure layer one；By the danger in the figure layer of hazardous area
Area's key element takes common factor with all key elements in administrative division figure layer, extracts the administrative division in hazardous area as middle figure layer
Two；All key elements in all key elements in middle figure layer one and flood inundation on tracks figure layer are taken into common factor, is extracted in submergence ratio
Administrative division not comprising communal facility point is used as middle figure layer three；By all key elements in middle figure layer two and middle figure layer three
In all key elements take union, extract the row in the administrative division not comprising communal facility point and hazardous area in submergence ratio
Draw as buanch unit face figure layer administrative division；Buanch unit figure layer is divided into into multiple buanch units；
204, generate transfer path：The road data of path and joint is included according to mileage chart layer building in GIS platforms
Collection, calculates the shortest path from buanch unit to placement place, generates the most short transfer path from buanch unit to placement place
Figure layer；
Step 103, drafting keeps away big vast transfer figure：Flood inundation on tracks figure layer, basic geographic elements figure layer, water conservancy are sequentially overlapped from top to bottom
Engineering factor figure layer shifts key element figure layer with flood is kept away, and each figure layer of symbolism, the addition in the superiors is marked and drawing ornamenting key element, raw
Into keeping away big vast transfer figure.
2. a kind of rapid generation for keeping away big vast transfer figure based on GIS according to claim 1, is characterized in that, calculate
Shortest path from buanch unit to placement place uses Dijkstra algorithms.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111259527A (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2020-06-09 | 深圳震有科技股份有限公司 | Inundation analysis method based on GIS (geographic information System), intelligent terminal and storage medium |
| CN113505928A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-10-15 | 浙江大禹信息技术有限公司 | Risk avoiding transfer method |
| CN113554214A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-10-26 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Method for setting emergency transfer route of city flood response |
| CN116401473A (en) * | 2023-06-07 | 2023-07-07 | 上海维智卓新信息科技有限公司 | Evacuation location information recommendation method, electronic device and storage medium |
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| CN111259527A (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2020-06-09 | 深圳震有科技股份有限公司 | Inundation analysis method based on GIS (geographic information System), intelligent terminal and storage medium |
| CN113554214A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-10-26 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Method for setting emergency transfer route of city flood response |
| CN113505928A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-10-15 | 浙江大禹信息技术有限公司 | Risk avoiding transfer method |
| CN116401473A (en) * | 2023-06-07 | 2023-07-07 | 上海维智卓新信息科技有限公司 | Evacuation location information recommendation method, electronic device and storage medium |
| CN116401473B (en) * | 2023-06-07 | 2023-08-15 | 上海维智卓新信息科技有限公司 | Evacuation location information recommendation method, electronic device and storage medium |
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