CN106597572B - Double-handle meteorological balloon and high-altitude detection combined balloon - Google Patents
Double-handle meteorological balloon and high-altitude detection combined balloon Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-altitude detection combined balloon, which comprises: the balls are connected in series and communicated through a connecting pipe; wherein, at least one spheroid is two handle balloons, and two ball handles are located balloon top and bottom respectively. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the two ball handles of the double-handle balloon are one big and one small, can be matched with two balance charging connectors of different sizes in the world to discharge the balloon, and has wider application range. By adopting the double-handle balloon combined release, the instrument weight and the inflation quantity can be shared by a plurality of serially connected spheres, the ground inflation volume of the meteorological balloon is integrally reduced, the lift-off height of the meteorological balloon can be effectively improved through calculation of an adiabatic equation, and the lift-off height identical to that of the single-sphere release of the meteorological balloon with a larger specification is achieved. Two weather balloons with smaller specifications are adopted, the production process is relatively mature, the product qualification rate is high, and the discharge cost is low. The smaller the meteorological balloon specification is, the lower the omission factor is, and the higher the discharge reliability is.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of meteorological detection equipment, in particular to a meteorological balloon and an aerial detection combined balloon.
background
The meteorological balloon is a commonly used carrying tool for detecting meteorological elements in the air. The method is not only used for meteorological element detection by meteorological departments and providing meteorological guarantee conditions, but also is an essential meteorological test means for troops to perform national defense scientific research and military operation tasks such as spaceflight, aviation, navigation and battle. In recent years, as the industrial development is rapid, the geographical environment changes greatly, the global climate is warmed, and the meteorological elements of all regions change, the meteorological balloon is adapted to the complex meteorological elements which change constantly in the atmosphere. Along with the development of science and technology, the popularization of novel electronic sondes and the application of novel radars put forward higher requirements on the levitation height of the sounding balloons. At present, the sounding altitude of a single weather balloon can only realize the altitude from the ground to 40km, and the weather detection with the altitude of 40km to 50km is mainly realized by launching a weather rocket, a laser radar or satellite remote sensing.
In the prior art, only one ball handle is usually arranged on a ball body of a meteorological balloon, the production process of the meteorological balloon mainly comprises a coagulant dipping method and a rotary forming method, the diameter of the ball handle of the meteorological balloon produced by the rotary forming method is less than or equal to 32mm, a small-caliber inflation balance nozzle matched with the meteorological balloon is required when the meteorological balloon is applied, the balloon is produced by adopting the coagulant dipping method, the balloon is difficult to demould due to the limitation of a mould handle part, namely the diameter of the handle part is too small, so that the diameter of the ball handle of the meteorological balloon produced by the method is generally more than or equal to 52mm, and a large-caliber inflation balance nozzle matched with the meteorological balloon is required when. In order to adapt to the application of the meteorological balloons with the two specifications, the conventional balance inflating nozzles in various countries in the world are mainly the two specifications, such as small-diameter balance inflating nozzles used in Japan and European and American countries, and large-diameter balance inflating nozzles used in China and south-east Asia countries. This situation results in a restriction of the adaptability of meteorological balloons in different regions.
The common method for meteorological balloons is as follows: a certain amount of hydrogen is filled into the ball body from the ball handle of the meteorological balloon, so that the meteorological balloon has buoyancy and carries a radar receiver to perform high-altitude meteorological detection. During the flight of the meteorological balloon, the atmospheric density is sharply reduced along with the increase of the altitude and the reduction of the atmospheric pressure (figure 1), the expansion diameter and the expansion volume of the meteorological balloon are gradually increased, and the thickness of the skin of the meteorological balloon is reduced (table 1).
TABLE 1 balloon skin stretching ratio at different altitudes
Note: in the table, D is the thickness of the balloon skin, V is the balloon volume, D is the balloon diameter, subscript 1 is the ground, and subscript 2 is the altitude.
However, the expansion of the weather balloon is limited due to the influence of the natural latex as the main material, for example, when 750g of the balloon is lifted to 30km, the front and back expansion volume is 65 times, the diameter of the balloon gradually expands from about 1.6 m on the ground, the maximum diameter of the balloon can reach more than 6 m at high altitude, and the thickness of the balloon is changed from 0.14-0.16 mm on the ground to 0.008-0.01 mm. When the balloon is inflated to a certain volume, the meteorological balloon will burst and cannot fly continuously. In order to make the meteorological balloon fly higher and raise the lift-off height, the specification of the meteorological balloon must be increased, that is, the length and weight of the balloon are increased, but the method is limited by the following disadvantages: 1. the large-size meteorological balloon needs to be manufactured by a large die, and the die is difficult to process; 2. the large-size weather balloon is difficult to form in the manufacturing process, the defects of scratching, uneven thickness and the like are easy to generate, and the product percent of pass is low; 3. the large-specification meteorological balloons are difficult to shape, in the prior art, the shaping is carried out in a special shaping room, the height of the shaping room needs to meet the requirement of the shaping diameter of the large-specification meteorological balloons, and the condition requirement is too high; 4. the large-size meteorological balloons are difficult to inspect, the large-size meteorological balloons are large in length and weight, and the phenomenon of missing inspection is easy to occur in manual inspection; 5. the launching height of the large-size meteorological balloons is unstable, and problems and other reasons easily occur in the production process and the inspection process of the large-size meteorological balloons, so that the launching height of part of the large-size meteorological balloons in the actual launching process cannot reach the expected target, the effect of the method for improving the launching height by simply increasing the specification of the meteorological balloons is limited, the launching cost is too high, and the stability is difficult to guarantee.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a double-handle meteorological balloon and a high-altitude detection combined balloon formed by combining the double-handle meteorological balloon.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for using a high altitude sounding combination balloon.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the invention provides a double-handle meteorological balloon, a high-altitude detection combined balloon formed by combining the double-handle meteorological balloon and a using method of the combined balloon.
The utility model provides a two handle meteorological balloons, includes spheroid and ball handle, the quantity of ball handle is two, and two ball handles symmetry set up.
As a further improvement of the invention, the diameters of the two ball handles are respectively not more than 32mm or not less than 52 mm.
the high-altitude detection combined balloon comprises more than two serially-connected spheres, and the two serially-connected spheres are communicated through a connecting pipe; wherein, at least comprises a double-handle meteorological balloon.
As a further improvement of the invention, the number of the balls connected in series is 2.
As a further improvement of the invention, the connecting pipe is a middle through hose or a hard pipe which is difficult to bend, and two end surfaces of the connecting pipe are smooth and flat.
As a further improvement of the invention, the inner diameter of the connecting pipe is 1-5 cm.
As a further improvement of the invention, a sphere with two knobs is arranged at the bottom.
According to the using method of the high-altitude detection combined balloon, during inflation operation, hydrogen is filled into the topmost sphere, and the bottom sphere is not inflated.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, the provided double-handle meteorological balloon is provided with two symmetrical ball handles, the two ball handles can have different diameters and can be matched with inflation balance nozzles with two sizes and specifications, the limitation that the existing meteorological balloon can not adapt to application tools with different specifications is overcome, and the meteorological balloon with the structure provides possibility for the serial connection of a plurality of meteorological balloons. The high-altitude detection combined balloon is formed by connecting two meteorological balloons with relatively small specifications in series, in the process of lifting the high-altitude detection combined balloon, the weight and the air inflation quantity of a carried instrument are shared by a plurality of balls connected in series, the ground inflation volume of the meteorological balloons is integrally reduced, and the high-altitude detection combined balloon can effectively improve the lifting height of the meteorological balloons, can obviously improve the lifting height compared with the single balloon release and achieves the same lifting height as the single balloon release of the meteorological balloons with relatively large specifications through theoretical calculation of an adiabatic equation and actual release verification.
On the basis, the invention can also obviously reduce the overall cost of the meteorological balloon application. And moreover, the advantages of mature production process, high product qualification rate and low omission factor of the meteorological balloons with relatively small specifications in the conventional meteorological balloon types can be fully exerted, the release stability is ensured, the reliability is improved, and the aim of completing high-altitude detection at low cost is fulfilled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of atmospheric density as a function of altitude.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a two-handled meteorological balloon provided by the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the high-altitude detection combined balloon provided by the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-altitude detection combined balloon provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The invention provides a double-handle meteorological balloon, which comprises a sphere 3 and two sphere handles, wherein the two sphere handles are symmetrically arranged, and in the embodiment, the diameter of one sphere handle is not more than 32mm, and the diameter of the other sphere handle is not less than 52 mm.
The invention also provides a high-altitude detection combined balloon, please refer to fig. 3, which comprises two or more than two spheres connected in series, wherein the bottom and middle spheres are double-handle balloons consisting of a sphere handle (a sphere handle 1 and a sphere handle 2) and a sphere 3, the top sphere can be a double-handle balloon with the same structure as the bottom or middle sphere or a single-handle balloon with only one sphere handle, and when the spheres are combined, the spheres are communicated through a connecting pipe 4. This connecting pipe 4 is the difficult well logical hose or the hard tube of buckling of internal diameter 1 ~ 5cm, just the both ends of connecting pipe are smooth tip. When in connection, the ball handle 1 of the double-handle ball body I is tightened, one end of a first connecting pipe is sleeved into the ball handle 2 of the double-handle ball body I, the other end of the connecting pipe is sleeved into the ball handle 1 of the ball body II, and the connecting pipes are tightened respectively; by analogy, more connecting pipes are adopted to sequentially connect the ball handle 2 of the previous sphere with the ball handle 1 of the next sphere, finally, after the sphere at the top is inflated, the ball handle 1 is sleeved into the other end of the connecting pipe connected with the ball handle 2 of the previous sphere, the connecting pipe is tightened (if the sphere at the top is also a double-handle balloon, the ball handle 2 needs to be tightened in advance to prevent air leakage), and the spheres are connected in series to form the high-altitude detection combined balloon through the operation. The high-altitude detection combined balloon body can be freely combined by different specifications (750g, 1600g, 3000g and the like). For example: two or more balloons with the same specification of 750g or 1600g are connected in series to form a detection combined balloon; or one or more than one 750g balloons are connected with balloons with other specifications in series to form a detection combined balloon. Or one or more 1600 balloons connected in series with other specifications to form a sounding combination balloon, and the like. Generally, the number of sphere combinations is preferably 2, as shown in fig. 4.
The following takes 750g balloon and 1600g balloon single-balloon release and combination as an example of high altitude detection combination balloon release, and explains the beneficial effects of the high altitude detection combination balloon in the aspects of raising the altitude, and the like.
(1)750g balloon single-balloon release and combined high-altitude detection combined balloon release:
mode A (single ball application):
The load weight is 500g (comprising a sonde, a battery, a rope and the like), the actual weight of the balloon is 780g, and the net lifting force is about 2000g, so that the total buoyancy is 3.28 kg.
Because: air density 1.29kg/m3Hydrogen density 0.09kg/m3；
This is done: the lift force of the hydrogen is 1.2kg/m3；
Then: balloon ground volume VGround＝3.28/1.2＝2.73m3。
According to 750g long-term service operation, the lift-off height is about 30km, the air pressure at the height is about 10hPa, and the ground air pressure can be taken as 1000 hPa. Then from the adiabatic equation:
Then the balloonHigh-altitude ball frying volume: vHeight of＝27.47×2.73＝75.00m3。
B mode (two 750g meteorological balloons are connected in series to form a high-altitude detection combined balloon to be discharged):
The load weight 500+780 equals 1280g (including sonde, battery, rope, bottom balloon, etc.), the actual weight of the top balloon 780g, and the net lifting force 2000g, so the total buoyancy 3280+780 equals 4.06 kg.
Because: air density 1.29kg/m3Hydrogen density 0.09kg/m3；
This is done: the lift force of the hydrogen is 1.2kg/m3；
Then: balloon ground volume VGround＝3.38m3。
Because the two balloons are connected through the straight connecting pipe, hydrogen can freely flow in the two balloons to reach balance, namely the two balloons reach the same balloon frying volume (75.00 m) during the balloon frying3) The total available frying volume of the balloon is 150.00m3And then:
The air pressure of the high-altitude balloon is as follows: pHeight of1000/194.79-5.13 hPa, 35km higher than single balloon, and basically consistent with the levitation height achieved by a single balloon with 1600g, i.e. 750g balloons with smaller specification reach the levitation height achieved by a single balloon with 1600g balloon with larger specification through the combined high altitude detection combination balloon.
(2)1600g balloon single ball application and combined application:
mode A (single ball application):
The load weight is 500g (comprising a sonde, a battery, a rope and the like), the actual weight of the balloon is 1700g, and the net lifting force is about 2200g, so that the total buoyancy is 4.4 kg.
Because: air density 1.29kg/m3hydrogen density 0.09kg/m3；
this is done: the lift force of the hydrogen is 1.2kg/m3；
Then: balloon ground volume VGround＝4.4/1.2＝3.67m3。
According to 1600g long-term service operation, the lift-off height is about 35km, the air pressure at the height is about 5hPa, and the ground air pressure can be 1000 hPa. Then from the adiabatic equation:
The balloon high-altitude balloon frying volume is as follows: vHeight of＝45.23×3.67＝165.99m3。
b mode (two 1600g balloons are combined in series to form high-altitude detection combined balloon release):
The load weight 500+1700 is 2200g (including sonde, battery, rope, bottom balloon, etc.), the actual weight of the top balloon is 1700g, and the net lifting force is 2200g, so the total buoyancy is 6.1 kg.
because: air density 1.29kg/m3Hydrogen density 0.09kg/m3；
This is done: the lift force of the hydrogen is 1.2kg/m3；
Then: balloon ground volume VGround＝5.08m3。
because the two balloons are connected through the straight connecting pipe, hydrogen can freely flow in the two balloons to reach the balance, namely, the two balloons reach the same balloon frying volume (165.99 m) during the balloon frying3) The balloon can provide 331.98m of frying volume3And then:
The air pressure of the high-altitude balloon is as follows: pHeight of1000/333.57-2.998 hPa, which is equivalent to 40km in height, is 5km higher than that of single balloon application, and is basically consistent with the lift-off height achieved by applying 3000g balloons singly, i.e. 1600g balloons with smaller specification reach the lift-off height achieved by applying 3000g balloons with larger specification.
according to the double-handle meteorological balloon provided by the invention, the diameters of the two ball handles can be set to be one big and one small, the double-handle meteorological balloon can be matched with two balance inflating nozzles of different specifications in the world to discharge the balloon, and the application range is wider.
In the traditional meteorological balloon technology, in order to improve the levitation height of the meteorological balloon, the atmospheric balloon specification needs to be made, namely, a balloon with a larger specification needs to be adopted to realize higher levitation height. The double-handle meteorological balloon provided by the invention can be combined in series to form a high-altitude detection combined balloon, the weight and the air inflation quantity of the instrument are shared by a plurality of series-connected spheres, the ground inflation volume of the meteorological balloon is integrally reduced, and the levitation height of the meteorological balloon can be effectively improved. In addition, the high-altitude detection combined balloon also has the following advantages: because the combination adopts the balloons with relatively small specifications, the production process is more mature, the product yield is higher (shown in table 2), and the application cost is low (shown in table 3). And the missing inspection rate of the meteorological balloon is smaller, and the release reliability is higher.
TABLE 2 comparison of the percent of pass of three specifications of balloons produced in the last 4 years
TABLE 3 comparison of cost of deployment for balloons of several specifications
Example 1:
Two 750g double-handle balloons are combined into a high altitude detection combined balloon for deployment, as shown in figure 4. The specific application data is as follows: the actual weight of the top balloon is 726g, and the actual weight of the bottom balloon is 771 g; the weight of the instrument is 500 g; the top balloon is inflated with 2721g of tension, the bottom balloon is not inflated, the overall net lifting force is 1450g, and the lift-off height is 36394 m.
Example 2:
Two 750g double-handle balloons are combined into a high-altitude detection combined balloon to be released. The specific application data is as follows: 754g for top balloon and 760g for bottom balloon; the weight of the instrument is 500 g; the top balloon is inflated with a pulling force of 3260g, the bottom balloon is not inflated, the overall net lifting force is 2000g, and the lift-off height is 36077 m.
Example 3:
Two 750g double-handle balloons are combined into a high-altitude detection combined balloon to be released. The specific application data is as follows: 783g of actual weight of the top balloon and 767g of actual weight of the bottom balloon; the weight of the instrument is 500 g; the top balloon is inflated with 3767g of pulling force, the bottom balloon is not inflated, the overall net lifting force is 2500g, and the lifting height is 34354 m.
example 4:
One 750g double-handle balloon and one 1600g double-handle balloon are combined into a high-altitude detection combined balloon to be released. The specific application data is as follows: the actual weight of the top balloon is 760g, and the actual weight of the bottom balloon is 1750 g; the weight of the instrument is 500 g; 4250g of inflation tension of the top balloon, no inflation of the bottom balloon, 2000g of overall net lifting force and 38007 meters of lift-off height.
Example 5:
Two 1600g double-handle balloons are combined into a high-altitude detection combined balloon to be released. The specific application data is as follows: the actual weight of the top balloon is 1675g, and the actual weight of the bottom balloon is 1710 g; the weight of the instrument is 500 g; the top balloon inflation tension 4410g, the bottom balloon not inflated, the overall net lift force 2200g, and the levitation height 40355 m.
Example 6:
A750 g double-handled balloon is applied in a single balloon. The actual weight of the balloon is 768g, a 52mm ball handle is tightened, and a small-sized inflation balance nozzle is sleeved at the end of the 32mm ball handle for inflation. The weight of the carried sonde is 500g, the net lifting force is 2000g, and the lift-off height is 29976 m.
example 7
A750 g double-handled balloon is applied in a single balloon. The actual weight of the balloon is 770g, a 32mm ball handle is fastened, and a 52mm ball handle end is sleeved with a large-size inflation balance nozzle for inflation. The weight of the carried sonde is 500g, the net lifting force is 2000g, and the lift-off height is 30231 m.
Comparative example 1:
750g single-handle balloon single-ball application. The specific application data is as follows: the actual weight of the balloon is 780 g; the weight of the instrument is 500 g; the balloon inflation tension is 2500g, namely the net lifting force is 2000g, and the lift-off height is 29925 m. Comparative example 2:
1600g single handle balloon single ball is applied. The specific application data is as follows: the actual weight of the balloon is 1700 g; the weight of the instrument is 500 g; the balloon inflation tension is 2700g, namely 2200g of net lifting force, and the lift-off height is 35430 meters. Comparative example 3:
3000g single-handle balloon single-ball application. The specific application data is as follows: the actual weight of the balloon is 3200 g; the weight of the instrument is 500 g; the balloon inflation tension is 3000g, namely the net lifting force is 2500g, and the lift-off height is 40698 m.
As can be seen from the above examples, in each of examples 1 to 3, two 750g balloons are combined to form a high altitude detection combined balloon for discharge, and compared with comparative example 1(750g balloon single-balloon discharge), the lift-off altitude is obviously improved, and the smaller the overall net lifting force is, the larger the altitude lift is; compared with the comparative example 2(1600g balloon single ball application), two 750g balloons are combined into a high altitude probe combination balloon for application, and the application height is equivalent to that of a 1600g balloon single ball application height.
example 4 is to use a 750g balloon and a 1600g balloon to combine into a high altitude detection combination balloon to discharge, example 5 is to use two 1600g balloons to combine into a high altitude detection combination balloon to discharge, both compared with comparative example 2, the lift-off height is obviously larger than that of comparative example 2, and the lift-off height is increased along with the increase of the balloon specification of the high altitude detection combination balloon, the lift-off height of example 5 is equivalent to that of comparative example 3 (a 3000g balloon is discharged), namely two 1600g balloons are combined into a high altitude detection combination balloon to discharge, and the discharge height can reach the lift-off height of a 3000g balloon single balloon.
In examples 6 and 7, 750g of double-handle balloons are respectively delivered by adopting the inflatable balance nozzles with two sizes, and because the double-handle balloons are provided with the two sizes of the two handles, the inflatable balance nozzles with the two sizes can be conveniently sleeved, the delivery operation is convenient, and compared with the comparative example 1, the three are basically consistent in the lifting height.
In conclusion, the two ball handles of the double-handle balloon with two sizes can be matched with the two inflatable balance nozzles with two sizes in the world at present, the difference between the two discharging heights is not large, and the normal ascending level of the balloon can be achieved. The double-handle balloon with the structure can realize the series combination of two balloons to form a high-altitude detection combined balloon, the combined balloon can obviously improve the levitation height of the balloon to reach the levitation height of a balloon with a larger specification, and if two 750g balloons are combined into the high-altitude detection combined balloon to be discharged, the levitation height of one 1600g balloon for single-balloon discharge is reached; the two 1600g balloons are combined into a high-altitude detection combined balloon to be discharged, and the levitation height of 3000g balloon single-balloon discharge is achieved.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A high-altitude detection combined balloon is characterized by comprising more than two spheres connected in series, wherein the two spheres connected in series are communicated through a straight connecting pipe, so that hydrogen can freely flow in the more than two spheres connected in series to achieve balance; the double-handle meteorological balloon comprises a sphere and two sphere handles, wherein the two sphere handles are symmetrically arranged; the diameters of the two ball handles are respectively not more than 32mm or not less than 52 mm.
2. The combined high altitude exploration balloon according to claim 1, wherein the number of said spheres in series is 2.
3. The combined high-altitude detection balloon as claimed in claim 2, wherein the connecting pipe is a hard pipe which is difficult to bend, and two end faces of the connecting pipe are smooth and flat.
4. the high altitude detection combination balloon of claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the connecting pipe is 1 ~ 5 cm.
5. A combined high altitude sounding balloon as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 wherein a sphere with two knobs is provided at the base.
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| CN108345311B (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2020-10-02 | 中国气象局气象探测中心 | Method for releasing expansion type flat floating sounding balloon |
| CN109001844B (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2021-02-12 | 中国人民解放军63653部队 | Reciprocating meteorological sounding balloon |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2360089A1 (en) * | 1976-07-30 | 1978-02-24 | Montgolfiere Moderne | Vertical piloting device for stratospheric research balloons - comprises conventional gas filled balloon linked to solar hot air balloon via manoeuvring valve allowing repeated ascent and descent |
| WO1998001774A1 (en) * | 1996-07-10 | 1998-01-15 | Societe Nouvelle D'aerostats Stabilises | Multipurpose anchoring piece for meteorological balloons |
| CN204962075U (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2016-01-13 | 中国化工株洲橡胶研究设计院有限公司 | Balanced mouth of two balloon inflations |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3567812A (en) * | 1969-07-08 | 1971-03-02 | Us Army | Streamline balloon fabrication |
| US20080283659A1 (en) * | 2007-05-16 | 2008-11-20 | Jared Scott Hornbaker | Buoyancy launch vehicle |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2360089A1 (en) * | 1976-07-30 | 1978-02-24 | Montgolfiere Moderne | Vertical piloting device for stratospheric research balloons - comprises conventional gas filled balloon linked to solar hot air balloon via manoeuvring valve allowing repeated ascent and descent |
| WO1998001774A1 (en) * | 1996-07-10 | 1998-01-15 | Societe Nouvelle D'aerostats Stabilises | Multipurpose anchoring piece for meteorological balloons |
| CN204962075U (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2016-01-13 | 中国化工株洲橡胶研究设计院有限公司 | Balanced mouth of two balloon inflations |
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