CN106596715A - Array type transient electromagnetic method multi-layer pipe column damage detection system and array type transient electromagnetic method multi-layer pipe column damage detection method - Google Patents
Array type transient electromagnetic method multi-layer pipe column damage detection system and array type transient electromagnetic method multi-layer pipe column damage detection method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the technical field of electromagnetic detection, more particularly to an array type transient electromagnetic method multi-layer pipe column damage detection system and a detection method based on the array type transient electromagnetic method multi-layer pipe column damage detection system. The detection system comprises: a downhole detection module for detecting and collecting the detection data of a bushing to be detected, wherein the downhole detection module comprises a plurality of sequentially connected detection pipe nipples; a remote transmission pipe nipple connected to the downhole detection module and used for receiving the control command of a master computer, collecting the detection data of each detection pipe nipple, and transmitting the detection date to the master computer; and the master computer for receiving the detection data transmitted by the remote transmission pipe nipple. With the detection system of the present invention, the stability and the correctness of the detection result can be ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of electromagnetic detection, in particular to an array transient electromagnetic method multilayer pipe column damage detection system and a detection method based on the array transient electromagnetic method multilayer pipe column damage detection system.
Background
At present, most oil fields in China enter the middle and later stages, and in the long-term production process, the production well casing pipe is damaged in different degrees due to formation stress, chemical corrosion and the like, such as hole shrinkage, perforation, corrosion, fracture and the like, so that the well wall collapses, the injection and production of the oil fields are unbalanced, the production increase is limited, and the normal production of each oil field is seriously influenced.
The sleeve damage detection by the transient electromagnetic method is a method for effectively detecting the damage of a pipe column. The principle of the method is that a bipolar excitation signal is transmitted to an electromagnetic probe, a primary magnetic field is formed around the probe, the primary magnetic field generates an eddy current ring when meeting surrounding media, so that a secondary magnetic field is formed, the attenuated secondary magnetic field in the stratum is received during a gap period of transmitting the excitation signal, the received secondary magnetic field is an attenuated voltage signal, and stratum conductivity information is inverted by analyzing the attenuation rule of the received signal. Compared with the common electromagnetic method, the method is hardly interfered by a primary magnetic field, so the transient electromagnetic detection method is paid more and more attention by people,
however, the existing transient electromagnetic casing loss detection technology mainly depends on the time characteristic of an eddy current signal to realize casing loss analysis of different radial distances when detecting the damage of the multi-layer tubular column. The patent 'multifunctional downhole electromagnetic flaw detector' 200910254664.X, and the paper Fu Y, Yu R, Peng X, et al. investigation of the damage of the drilling through tubular construction with pulsed current [ J ]. Nondestructive testing and Evaluation, 2012, 27(4):353-374. the method for detecting the damage of the outer sleeve of the oil pipe through the oil pipe is provided, and mainly adopts the time domain characteristic of the eddy current to analyze by selecting proper time slices, thereby completing the damage detection of the two-layer pipe column. The advantage of this method is that the instrument structure is relatively simple, but the disadvantage is that the detection performance of the multi-layer string damage is somewhat affected.
A novel electromagnetic flaw detection MID-S well logging technology casing damage detection research [ J ] is introduced in a paper 'Li Ming, Qiu jin Right, Jinxin, and the like' published in 'Petroleum instruments' [ J ] Petroleum instruments, 2012 and 26(4):4-6 ], and a latest generation MID-S transient electromagnetic flaw detector of Russia is introduced, and the flaw detector realizes the damage detection of an oil pipe and a casing pipe by arranging 2 longitudinal probes (parallel to the axis of the casing pipe). However, 2 longitudinal probes designed by the MID-S only have the capability of distinguishing damage conditions of 2 layers of pipe columns at most, and in well conditions with more than 2 layers of pipe columns (such well conditions are frequently found in oil fields with well depths of more than 4000 meters, such as oil fields in Yumen, Qinghai, Xinjiang and other places in China), the damage conditions cannot be effectively and accurately detected by the method.
It is to be noted that the information disclosed in the above background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and thus may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The present disclosure is directed to an array transient electromagnetic method multilayer string damage detection system and a detection method based on the array transient electromagnetic method multilayer string damage detection system, so as to overcome one or more problems caused by limitations and defects of related technologies at least to a certain extent.
Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows, or in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the disclosure.
According to a first aspect of the invention, an array type transient electromagnetic method multilayer pipe column damage detection system is provided, which comprises:
the underground detection module is used for detecting and acquiring detection data of the casing pipe to be detected; the underground detection module comprises a plurality of detection short sections which are connected in sequence;
the remote transmission short sections are connected with the underground detection module and used for receiving a control instruction of an upper computer, collecting detection data of each detection short section and sending the detection data to the upper computer;
and the upper computer is used for receiving the detection data sent by the telemetry nipple.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the probe sub includes a housing, and a lateral probe unit and a longitudinal probe unit disposed in the housing;
the transverse detection unit comprises two transverse electromagnetic probes which are perpendicular to each other and are perpendicular to the axial direction of the shell;
the longitudinal detection unit comprises a longitudinal electromagnetic probe axially arranged in parallel with the shell.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a mechanical skeleton for fixing the transverse electromagnetic probe and the longitudinal electromagnetic probe is disposed in the probing pup joint housing.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, joint positioning keys and positioning key slots matched with the joint positioning keys are respectively disposed at two ends of the detection nipple housing.
In an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, the joint positioning key and the positioning key groove are provided with an included angle along the axial direction of the housing.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the telemetry sub comprises:
the remote transmission information processing module is used for receiving a control instruction of the upper computer, sending the control instruction to the detection short sections, collecting and storing detection data of the detection short sections, and sending the detection data to the upper computer;
the temperature monitoring module is used for monitoring underground temperature information in real time;
the real-time positioning module is used for determining the real-time position of the detection short section;
and the underground power supply module is used for providing electric energy for the underground detection module and the remote transmission short joint.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the downhole power supply module includes a voltage stabilizing unit and two DC-DC power supply units connected thereto.
In an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, the flaw detection system further includes a transmission device, configured to convey the downhole detection module and the telemetry sub into a casing to be tested downhole; the transmission device includes: the device comprises a logging winch, a single-core cable and a bridle;
the logging winch is connected with the bridle, the telemetry nipple and the underground detection module in sequence through the single-core cable and is used for sending the telemetry nipple and the underground detection module into the sleeve to be detected underground.
In an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, an upper centralizer is arranged between the upper end of the remote sensing short joint and the bridle, and a lower centralizer is arranged at the lower end of the underground detection module.
In an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, the logging winch is in communication with the upper computer through a surface acquisition chassis.
According to a second aspect of the invention, the invention provides an array type transient electromagnetic method multilayer pipe column damage detection method, which comprises the following steps:
receiving detection data of each detection short section, and establishing a multilayer pipe column medium model according to the detection data; the multilayer pipe column medium model comprises the electric conductivity, the magnetic permeability and the dielectric constant of each layer of pipe column and medium; recording the radius of each layer as r and the actual thickness of each layer of pipe column as d;
acquiring an electromagnetic field of an active region of an electromagnetic probe transmitting coil in each detection nipple based on the pipe column medium model so as to acquire the electric field intensity and the magnetic field intensity of a non-edge region of a receiving coil of the electromagnetic probe;
carrying out inverse Laplace transform according to the internal magnetic field of the receiving coil of the electromagnetic probe to obtain the time domain induced electromotive force received by the receiving coil:
wherein: n is a radical ofRIndicating the number of turns of the receiving coil, UiRepresenting the time domain induced electromotive force received by the receiving coil of the ith probe;
and adopting a theoretical model of induced electromotive force in a winding coil in a very small time slice as the basis of the thickness scale of the tubular column, thereby obtaining the thickness of the tubular column.
In an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, the damage condition of each layer of pipe column is jointly judged according to the pipe column thickness value calibrated by the induced electromotive force of the receiving coil measured by each longitudinal electromagnetic probe and the actual thickness of each layer of pipe column.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the obtaining the thickness of the tubular string by using a theoretical model of induced electromotive force in a receiving coil in a very small time slice as a basis for a scale of the thickness of the tubular string includes:
empirical range of values (0, x) based on nth layer of tubular column thicknessn)，By successive substitutionIs approximated to the measured induced electromotive force UnValue of (A)So thatAnd UnWithin a set error threshold, i.e. betweenFurther obtaining the thickness of the nearest nth layer of pipe column
In an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, the multi-layer tubular column medium model uses a central point of a transmitting coil of the detection short section as a coordinate origin, and a receiving coil of the detection short section is located in the positive direction of a z axis.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the magnetic field inside the receiving coil of the electromagnetic probe is:
wherein: c1Undetermined coefficient representing the innermost layer, z0Representing the distance between the transmitter coil and the receiver coil, NTDenotes the number of turns of the transmitting coil, ITDenotes the emission current, r0Representing the radius of the transmitting coil, I0(. and K)0(. cndot.) represents the first and second class of modified Bezier functions of order 0.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the detection range of each longitudinal electromagnetic probe is adjusted by setting the size, frequency and emission current of each longitudinal electromagnetic probe.
The detection system that provides among the technical scheme of this disclosed embodiment utilizes the control command of teletransmission nipple joint receipt host computer to with control command send each detection nipple joint in the module of surveying in the pit, utilize each to survey the nipple joint and treat the casing pipe and survey, and with survey data transmission that obtains after surveying to the teletransmission nipple joint is integrated the back by the detection data that the telemetry nipple joint produced and is sent to the host computer. During detection, on one hand, the number of the detection short sections can be set according to the layer number condition of the tubular column, so that the stability and the correctness of a detection result are ensured; on the other hand, the use and the assembly are convenient.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure. It is to be understood that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary of the disclosure, and that other drawings may be derived from those drawings by one of ordinary skill in the art without the exercise of inventive faculty.
FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a block diagram of the components of an arrayed multi-component downhole transient electromagnetic inspection system in an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a structural diagram of an array type multi-component downhole transient electromagnetic inspection system in an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a probe sub according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 schematically illustrates a cross-sectional view of a probe sub in an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 5 schematically illustrates a cross-sectional view of a transverse electromagnetic probe assembly in an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure;
fig. 6 schematically illustrates a longitudinal electromagnetic probe detection range diagram with different electromagnetic parameters in an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure.
FIG. 7 schematically illustrates a block diagram of a telemetry sub in an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 8 schematically illustrates a downhole radial three-layer string media model in an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 9 schematically illustrates an overall framework diagram of a detection system in an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of longitudinal probe distribution and probe range in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 11 is a flow chart illustrating a wall thickness calibration of a tubular body in a method of detecting according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 12 schematically illustrates a hierarchical decision flow diagram of a detection method in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
Furthermore, the drawings are merely schematic illustrations of the present disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts, and thus their repetitive description will be omitted. Some of the block diagrams shown in the figures are functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically or logically separate entities. These functional entities may be implemented in the form of software, or in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different networks and/or processor devices and/or microcontroller devices.
The embodiment of the example firstly provides an array type multi-component downhole transient electromagnetic flaw detection system, and the system method can be applied to the fields of casing and oil pipe abnormity detection, metal mineral and petroleum resource and underground water engineering investigation and the like. Referring to FIG. 1, the array type multi-component downhole transient electromagnetic inspection system may include:
the underground detection module 101 is used for detecting and acquiring detection data of the casing to be detected; the underground detection module 101 comprises a plurality of detection short sections which are connected in sequence;
the remote transmission short joints 102 are connected with the underground detection module 101 and used for receiving control instructions of the upper computer 20, collecting detection data of the detection short joints and sending the detection data to the upper computer 20;
and the upper computer 20 is used for receiving the detection data sent by the telemetry nipple 102.
In the exemplary embodiment, a control instruction of the upper computer 20 is received by using the telemetry sub 102, the control instruction is sent to each detection sub in the downhole detection module 101, the casing to be detected is detected by using each detection sub, detection data generated after detection is sent to the telemetry sub 102, and the detection data generated by each detection sub is integrated by the telemetry sub 102 and then sent to the upper computer 20. During detection, on one hand, the number of the detection short sections can be set according to the layer number condition of the tubular column, so that the stability and the correctness of a detection result are ensured; on the other hand, the downhole detection module 101 is convenient to use and assemble.
Referring now to fig. 2-7, the various components of the array-type multi-component downhole transient electromagnetic inspection system of the present exemplary embodiment will be described in greater detail.
Specifically, in the present exemplary embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the downhole detection module described above may include a plurality of detection nipples connected in sequence, such as: a first detecting short section 4, a second detecting short section, and an nth detecting short section 5.
In this exemplary embodiment, referring to fig. 2,3, and 4, the probe sub described above may include a housing 301, and a lateral probe unit and a longitudinal probe unit disposed in the housing 301.
Referring to fig. 2, the transverse detection unit may include two transverse electromagnetic probes perpendicular to each other and to the axis of the housing 301, a first transverse electromagnetic probe 21 and a second transverse electromagnetic probe 11, where the planes of the first transverse electromagnetic probe 21 and the second transverse electromagnetic probe 11 are perpendicular to the axis of the housing 301. The longitudinal detection unit may comprise a longitudinal electromagnetic probe 12 arranged axially parallel to the housing 301.
The electromagnetic probe adopts the mode that the transmission is received at the skin receiving and dispatching in the inlayer under the condition that does not influence the detection performance, can shorten the length of surveying the nipple joint to effectively shorten the holistic total length of instrument. Each electromagnetic probe may be connected to an excitation transmitting circuit for providing a bipolar excitation signal to the electromagnetic probe. Meanwhile, a receiving circuit can be arranged to amplify, filter and the like received signals of the three electromagnetic probes, and then codes are stored to wait for an uploading control instruction of the telemetry information processing module.
In order to further optimize the structure of the detection nipple, referring to fig. 4, in this exemplary embodiment, a mechanical skeleton 304 is disposed in a housing 301 of the detection nipple, and the longitudinal electromagnetic probe 12, the first transverse electromagnetic probe 21, and the second transverse electromagnetic probe 11 are mounted and fixed on the mechanical skeleton 304, so as to ensure stability and safety of each electromagnetic probe during operation.
In the present exemplary embodiment, two ends of the housing 301 of the probe sub may be respectively provided with a joint positioning key 302 and a positioning key slot 303 matching with the joint positioning key 302. Through setting up joint navigation key 302 and navigation key way 303, can make each survey nipple joint more convenient connect and assemble.
And, joint navigation key and location keyway can set up a fixed contained angle along the casing axial. After combination, each longitudinal electromagnetic probe is arranged at equal angular intervals, an axial section view of each transverse electromagnetic probe in the instrument is shown in fig. 5, after the transverse probes in the two sections of detection short sections are combined, the horizontal plane is divided into eight detection sectors, after the four sections of detection short sections are combined, the horizontal plane is divided into sixteen detection sectors, and as the transverse electromagnetic probes are sensitive to metal abnormality in the axial direction of the transverse electromagnetic probes compared with metal abnormality in the radial direction, abnormal conditions in any direction in the horizontal direction cannot be missed in the combined detection. Referring to fig. 6, the length, the diameter and the number of turns of the coil of the vertical electromagnetic probe on each detection short section can be different, the detection ranges are also different, the detection ranges of the longitudinal probes after the four short sections are combined are outwards expanded layer by layer, and the columnar layered detection capability of the instrument can be greatly improved after combination.
In this exemplary embodiment, referring to fig. 7, the telemetry sub 102 may include: a telemetry information processing module 1021, a temperature monitoring module 1022, a real-time location module 1023, and a downhole power supply module 1024. Wherein:
the telemetry information processing module 1021 is used for receiving a control instruction of the upper computer 20, sending the control instruction to the detection short sections, collecting and storing detection data of the detection short sections, and sending the detection data to the upper computer 20.
The temperature monitoring module 1022 is used for monitoring downhole temperature information in real time. The temperature acquisition module 1022 may be composed of a temperature sensor and a peripheral circuit.
The real-time positioning module 1023 is used for determining the real-time position of the probe sub. The real-time positioning module 1023 may be composed of a gravity acceleration sensor and a peripheral circuit, and is used to position the real-time position of each probe sub for subsequent explanation. The temperature data and the real-time positioning data may be uploaded together after the probe data.
The downhole power supply module 1024 is used for supplying electric energy to the downhole detection module and the telemetry sub. The downhole power supply module may comprise a voltage stabilizing unit and two DC-DC power supply units connected thereto. The power supply bus of the instrument supplies power to each short section, and the power supply module 1024 can provide enough power to meet the requirements of the underground detection module 101, and control the current not to exceed a rated value so as to prevent part of devices from being burnt.
And the telemetry information processing module 1021 acquires the detection information of each detection short section in a time-sharing manner by sending a control instruction, and uploads the detection information to the ground system through the single-core cable 1 in a centralized manner during the interval of receiving the detection information after storage. The uploading process can be realized through power carrier waves, signals are uploaded after being coupled with the power supply voltage through a transformer underground, and the signals are separated from the power supply voltage through the transformer and then processed on the ground. If some detection nipples are out of order and send erroneous detection data to telemetry nipple 102 even when telemetry nipple 102 does not send data, telemetry information processing module 1021 can send ten restart instructions to such detection nipples, the detection nipples stop sending restart instructions if working normally, if the telemetry nipples still can not work normally, the data of such nipples are no longer received, only the detection data of the detection nipples working normally are received, and thus the instrument can be ensured to work continuously when some nipples are out of order.
In the present exemplary embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the array type multi-component downhole transient electromagnetic inspection system described above may further include:
the transmission device is used for conveying the underground detection module and the telemetry nipple 102 into a casing to be tested in the well 8; the transmission device includes: the device comprises a logging winch 15, a single-core cable 1 and a headstall 2; an upper centralizer 3 is arranged between the upper end of the remote sensing short joint 102 and the headstall 2, and a lower centralizer 7 is arranged at the lower end of the underground detection module.
Specifically, the upper centralizer 3 and the lower centralizer 7 enable the instrument to be always kept at the axis position of the borehole during detection, namely each electromagnetic probe is located at the axis position of the borehole, so that the distance from a primary magnetic field generated by a transmitting coil of the detection short section to the borehole wall is constant, and detection errors caused by shaking of the instrument in the borehole are avoided. The two centralizers can be replaced according to the diameter of the borehole, and the operation is simple and convenient. The bridle 2 is a device for connecting the single-core cable 1 and the underground detection module 101, and can resist water and pressure. The casing of the whole underground detection system is made of nonmagnetic titanium alloy, so that the electromagnetic probe cannot be interfered.
And the logging winch 15 is used for sending the telemetry sub and the underground detection module into the underground casing pipe to be detected. The logging winch 15 is sequentially connected with the headstall 2, the upper centralizer 3, the telemetry nipple 102, the underground detection module and the lower connected centralizer 7 through the single-core cable 1. The single-core cable 1 in the logging winch 15 and the ground acquisition case 14 can be connected through a downhole power supply line 16, and the depth counter in the logging winch and the ground acquisition case 14 can be connected through a depth data line 17 for data transmission. Meanwhile, the logging winch 15 can also be in communication connection with the upper computer 20 through a ground acquisition case 14; the ground acquisition case 14 can be connected with the upper computer 20 through a first USB line 9 and a second USB line 13 for data communication.
In the solution of the present disclosure the downhole tool is connected and lowered into the well 8 by a monocable 1 on the logging winch 20. Through set up the display software on host computer 20, the display software has the real-time demonstration of the detection data, temperature data, the azimuth data of all detection nipple joints and stores the function, still including the spectral intensity map of detection curve, has improved real-time supervision's intuitionistic.
Under the condition that the conductivity and the magnetic permeability of a surrounding medium are certain, namely metal substances are uniformly distributed and the total amount is certain, the voltage signal value received by each electromagnetic probe is unchanged, a curve which is approximately vertical is displayed on the display software of the upper computer 20 along with the depth, if metal abnormality, namely casing damage and a metal ore bed, occurs, the signal attenuation time received by the longitudinal electromagnetic probe of each detection short section is changed, the voltage amplitude of each sampling point corresponding to the signal attenuation time is changed, the display curve on the display software of the upper computer 20 deviates from a stable value, and the stable value is recovered until the abnormality disappears. But also the transverse electromagnetic probe axially facing the metal abnormal part can be obviously changed. The shape and size of the metal abnormity can be obtained after the detection curves of the plurality of electromagnetic probes are combined and interpreted, and then the specific orientation of the metal abnormity is calculated according to the parameters of the real-time orientation monitoring system and the depth data of the depth counter.
When the number of layers of the tubular column is small, one or two sections of detection short sections can be added to meet the detection requirement; when the condition of multilayer tubular column is met, a plurality of sections of detecting short sections can be added, the detecting short sections can also be replaced, and the dismounting is simple and easy to operate.
The embodiment of the example also provides a detection method of the array type transient electromagnetic method multilayer pipe column damage detection system, and the detection method can be applied to the fields of casing and oil pipe abnormity detection, metal mineral and petroleum resource and underground water engineering investigation and the like. The monitoring method may comprise the steps of:
s1, receiving detection data of each detection short section, and establishing a multilayer pipe column medium model according to the detection data; the multilayer pipe column medium model comprises the electric conductivity, the magnetic permeability and the dielectric constant of each layer of pipe column and medium; recording the radius of each layer as r and the actual thickness of each layer of pipe column as d;
s2, acquiring an electromagnetic field of an active area of an electromagnetic probe transmitting coil in each detection nipple based on the pipe column medium model, and acquiring the electric field intensity and the magnetic field intensity of a non-edge area of an electromagnetic probe receiving coil;
s3, performing Gaver-stepfest inverse Laplace transform according to the internal magnetic field of the receiving coil of the electromagnetic probe to obtain the time domain induced electromotive force received by the receiving coil:
wherein: n is a radical ofRIndicating the number of turns of the receiving coil, UiRepresenting the time domain induced electromotive force received by the receiving coil of the ith probe; .
And S4, taking a theoretical model of induced electromotive force in the winding coil in a very small time slice as the basis of the thickness scale of the pipe column, thereby obtaining the thickness of the pipe column.
Based on the above, in the present exemplary embodiment, the detection method may further include:
and S5, jointly judging the damage condition of each layer of pipe column according to the pipe column thickness value which is scaled by the induced electromotive force of the receiving coil and measured by each longitudinal electromagnetic probe and the actual thickness of each layer of pipe column.
According to the detection method provided by the disclosure, the plurality of detection short sections can be arranged, the plurality of electromagnetic probes can be further arranged, and the electromagnetic probes are arranged in different detection ranges, so that the damage condition of the multilayer tubular column can be accurately judged, and the detection method has higher accuracy.
Next, referring to fig. 8 to 12 and the examples, the respective steps of the detection method in the above-described exemplary embodiment will be described in more detail.
In this exemplary embodiment, the above theoretical model of induced electromotive force in the winding coil in the extremely small time slice is used as a basis for the calibration of the thickness of the tubular column, so as to obtain the thickness of the tubular column includes:
empirical range of values (0, x) based on nth layer of tubular column thicknessn)，By successive substitutionIs approximated to the measured induced electromotive force UnValue of (A)So thatAnd UnWithin a set error threshold, i.e. betweenFurther obtaining the thickness of the nearest nth layer of pipe column
In the present exemplary embodiment, the above-described detection method is described in detail by taking a three-layer column as an example.
After the telemetry information processing module receives the detection data uploaded by each longitudinal probe, under the condition of assuming that the stratum permeability is unchanged, the time domain induced electromotive force of the receiving coil needs to be calculated according to the detection range of each longitudinal electromagnetic probe and the boundary conditions of each layer of medium, and then the wall thickness information of each layer of pipe column is scaled, so that the damage condition of the pipe column is jointly judged. For convenience of description, the signals measured by each longitudinal probe are respectively defined as a first longitudinal electromagnetic probe, a second longitudinal electromagnetic probe and a third longitudinal electromagnetic probe.
Referring to fig. 8, a radial three-layer pipe column medium model is first established, each layer of medium is respectively an iron core, air, a first pipe column, a first cement sheath, a second pipe column, a second cement sheath, a third pipe column, a third cement sheath and a stratum, and the corresponding conductivity, permeability and permittivity are respectively (μ:)1,1,σ1)，(μ2,2,σ2)，(μ3,3,σ3)，(μ4,4,σ4)，(μ5,5,σ5)，(μ6,6,σ6)，(μ7,7,σ7)，(μ8,8,σ8)，(μ9,9,σ9) Each layer having a radius r1，r2，r3，r4，r5，r6，r7，r8，r9The radius of the stratum is infinite, and the actual thickness of each layer of pipe column is recorded as d1，d2And d3. The overall structural framework of the system is shown with reference to fig. 9.
The stratum is regarded as a uniform medium because the difference between the conductivity of the pipe column and the conductivity of the stratum medium is large; the radius of the transmitting coil is determined by the coil system of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil wound on the iron coreIs r0The central point is located at the coordinate origin, and the receiving coil is located in the positive direction of the z axis. According to the Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction and the law of total current in the frequency domain, and introducing a variable xjAnd λjSatisfy xj 2＝λj 2+kj 2，kjFor the wavenumber, the electromagnetic field of the active region is found:
in the formula, NTRepresenting the number of turns of the transmitting coil; i isTDenotes the emission current, K1(. cndot.) represents a second class of 1-order complex-valued Bessel functions; i is0(. and K)0(. cndot.) represents a modified Bessel function of order 0 of the first and second classes; c2And D2Representing the undetermined coefficients of the second layer;
the magnetic field inside the receiving coil is:
in the formula, C1Undetermined coefficient representing the innermost layer, z0Representing the distance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil.
According to the vector magnetic potential component expression in each layer of medium, the vector magnetic potential and field quantity relational expression and the differential property of complex quantity Bessel function are combined to obtain the passive regionThe field strength in the direction and the field strength in the z direction are:
in the formula I1(. cndot.) represents a first class modified Bessel function of order 1; cjAnd DjRepresenting the undetermined coefficient of the j layer;
depending on the boundary conditions of the magnetic field, where r is rj(j ═ 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9), the tangential electric field and the normal magnetic field are continuous:
Hzj＝Hz(j+1)(6)
according to the conditions, the coefficient recurrence relation between two adjacent layers of media can be deduced and written into a matrix form as follows:
wherein,
the above formula can be further simplified as follows:
wherein,
Pj11＝-μj+1xjK0(xjrj)I1(xj+1rj)-μjxj+1K1(xjrj)I0(xj+1rj) (10)
Pj12＝-μj+1xjK0(xjrj)K1(xj+1rj)+μjxj+1K1(xjrj)K0(xj+1rj) (11)
Pj21＝-μj+1xjI0(xjrj)I1(xj+1rj)+μjxj+1I1(xjrj)I0(xj+1rj) (12)
Pj22＝-μj+1xjI0(xjrj)K1(xj+1rj)-μjxj+1I1(xjrj)K0(xj+1rj) (13)
qj1＝[-xjμj+1K0(xjrj)I1(xj+1rj)-μjxj+1K1(xjrj)I0(xj+1rj)]K1(xj+1r0) (14)
qj2＝[-μj+1xjI0(xjrj)I1(xj+1rj)+μjxj+1I1(xjrj)I0(xj+1rj)]K1(xj+1r0) (15)
in the first medium (iron core), when r → 0, K0(xr),K1(xr) tends to be infinite, but the magnetic field strength should be finite, so D1Should be 0. In the formation, when rn→ ∞ time, I0(xr),I1(xr) tends to infinity but the magnetic field strength tends to 0, so the coefficient C in the expression of the quadratic field in the formationnShould be 0.
Referring to fig. 10, by adjusting the size of the probe and the emission current, the detection ranges of the first, second, and third longitudinal electromagnetic probes are respectively set as: r is3＜r1'<r4、r5＜r2'<r6And r7＜r3'<r8。
Therefore, when a first longitudinal electromagnetic probe is adopted for detection, the region outside the first cement sheath is equivalent to the stratum, and the medium coefficient relation of each layer is as follows:
in the formula, C11Representing the coefficients of the innermost layer when probed with the first longitudinal electromagnetic probe.
When a second longitudinal electromagnetic probe is adopted for detection, the region outside the second cement sheath is equivalent to the stratum, and the medium coefficient relation of each layer is as follows:
C21representing the coefficients of the innermost layer when probed with the second longitudinal electromagnetic probe.
When a third longitudinal electromagnetic probe is adopted for detection, the coefficient relation of each layer of medium is as follows:
C31representing the coefficients of the innermost layer when probed with the third longitudinal electromagnetic probe.
By solving the equations (16), (17) and (18)C11、C21And C31And substituting the magnetic field intensity into the formula (2) to obtain the magnetic field intensity of the receiving coil in the z direction measured by the first, second and third longitudinal electromagnetic probes, which is respectively marked as Hz11，Hz21And Hz31。
Converting the frequency domain signal to the time domain signal by using a Gaver-stepfest inverse laplace transform mode in the formula (2), wherein the calculation formulas of the time domain induced electromotive force received by the receiving coil are respectively as follows:
in the formula, NRIndicating the number of turns of the receiving coil, UiRepresenting the time domain induced electromotive force received by the receiving coil of the ith probe.
Measuring the magnetic field intensity H of the receiving coil by the first, the second and the third longitudinal electromagnetic probesz11，Hz21And Hz31And (19) further calculating the time domain induced electromotive forces of the receiving coil measured by the first, second and third longitudinal electromagnetic probes respectively:
it has been proved that the thickness of the metal pipe column and the time domain induced electromotive force in the receiving coil have a certain relation, but at present, a calculation formula for directly solving the thickness of the metal pipe column by the induced electromotive force is not provided, and the theoretical relation between the induced electromotive force in the minimum time slice and the thickness of the metal pipe column under an ideal condition is combined, namely, in any minimum time slice, the thickness of the metal pipe column is monotonically increased along with the increase of the amplitude of the induced electromotive force, so that a theoretical model of the induced electromotive force in the receiving coil in the minimum time slice is used as the basis of the thickness scale of the metal pipe column, and the thickness of the metal pipe column is obtained. (wherein, is a set error threshold.)
(1) Empirical range of values (0, x) based on first zone string thickness1)，By successive substitutionIs approximated to the measured induced electromotive force U1Value of (A)So thatAnd U1Within a set error threshold, i.e. betweenThereby obtaining the thickness of the closest first layer of pipe column
(2) The thickness of the obtained first layer of pipe columnInduced electromotive force model U substituted into longitudinal probe 22And according to the empirical value range (0, x) of the thickness of the second layer of the pipe column2)，Successive substitutionIs approximated to the measured induced electromotive force U2Value of (A)So thatAnd U2Within a set error threshold, i.e. betweenObtaining the thickness of the second layer of the pipe column which is closest to the first layer
(3) The thickness of the obtained first layer and second layer of tubular columnAndinduced electromotive force model U substituted into longitudinal probe 33And based on the empirical range of the third layer string thickness (0, x)3)，Successive substitutionIs approximated to the measured induced electromotive force U3Value of (A)So thatAnd U3Within a set error threshold, i.e. betweenObtaining the thickness of the nearest third layer of pipe columnThe specific scaling process is shown with reference to fig. 11.
Referring to fig. 12, in the exemplary embodiment, the detection method may perform layered judgment on the tube body, and after the sleeve detection is completed at the current depth, the tube body enters the next depth for detection, so that the detection efficiency can be effectively improved.
Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.
Claims (13)
1. The utility model provides an array transition electromagnetic method multilayer tubular column damage detecting system which characterized in that includes:
the underground detection module is used for detecting and acquiring detection data of the casing pipe to be detected; the underground detection module comprises a plurality of detection short sections which are connected in sequence;
the remote transmission short sections are connected with the underground detection module and used for receiving a control instruction of an upper computer, collecting detection data of each detection short section and sending the detection data to the upper computer;
and the upper computer is used for receiving the detection data sent by the telemetry nipple.
2. The array type transient electromagnetic method multilayer tubular column damage detection system of claim 1, wherein the detection nipple comprises a housing, and a transverse detection unit and a longitudinal detection unit arranged in the housing;
the transverse detection unit comprises two transverse electromagnetic probes which are perpendicular to each other and are perpendicular to the axial direction of the shell;
the longitudinal detection unit comprises a longitudinal electromagnetic probe axially arranged in parallel with the shell.
3. The array type transient electromagnetic method multilayer tubular column damage detection system of claim 2,
and a mechanical framework for fixing the transverse electromagnetic probe and the longitudinal electromagnetic probe is arranged in the detection nipple shell.
4. The array type transient electromagnetic method multilayer tubular column damage detection system of claim 2,
and joint positioning keys and positioning key grooves matched with the joint positioning keys are respectively arranged at two ends of the detection nipple shell.
5. The array type transient electromagnetic method multilayer tubular column damage detection system of claim 4,
and an included angle is formed between the joint positioning key and the positioning key groove along the axial direction of the shell.
6. The array type transient electromagnetic method multilayer tubular column damage detection system of claim 1, wherein the telemetry sub comprises:
the remote transmission information processing module is used for receiving a control instruction of the upper computer, sending the control instruction to the detection short sections, collecting and storing detection data of the detection short sections, and sending the detection data to the upper computer;
the temperature monitoring module is used for monitoring underground temperature information in real time;
the real-time positioning module is used for determining the real-time position of the detection short section;
and the underground power supply module is used for providing electric energy for the underground detection module and the remote transmission short joint.
7. The array type transient electromagnetic method multilayer tubular column damage detection system of claim 6,
the underground power supply module comprises a voltage stabilizing unit and two DC-DC power supply units connected with the voltage stabilizing unit.
8. The array type transient electromagnetic method multilayer tubular column damage detection system of claim 1, wherein the flaw detection system further comprises a transmission device for conveying the downhole detection module and the telemetry sub into a casing to be tested downhole; the transmission device includes: the device comprises a logging winch, a single-core cable and a bridle;
the logging winch is connected with the bridle, the telemetry nipple and the underground detection module in sequence through the single-core cable and is used for sending the telemetry nipple and the underground detection module into the sleeve to be detected underground.
9. The array type transient electromagnetic method multilayer tubular column damage detection system of claim 8, wherein an upper centralizer is arranged between the upper end of the remote sensing nipple and the bridle, and a lower centralizer is arranged at the lower end of the downhole detection module.
10. An array type transient electromagnetic method multilayer pipe column damage detection method is applied to an array type transient electromagnetic method multilayer pipe column damage detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and comprises the following steps:
receiving detection data of each detection short section, and establishing a multilayer pipe column medium model according to the detection data; the multilayer pipe column medium model comprises the electric conductivity, the magnetic permeability and the dielectric constant of each layer of pipe column and medium; recording the radius of each layer as r and the actual thickness of each layer of pipe column as d;
acquiring an electromagnetic field of an active region of an electromagnetic probe transmitting coil in each detection nipple based on the pipe column medium model so as to acquire the electric field intensity and the magnetic field intensity of a non-edge region of a receiving coil of the electromagnetic probe;
carrying out Gaver-stepfest inverse Laplace transform according to the internal magnetic field of the receiving coil of the electromagnetic probe to obtain the time domain induced electromotive force received by the receiving coil:
wherein: n is a radical ofRIndicating the number of turns of the receiving coil, UiRepresenting the time domain induced electromotive force received by the receiving coil of the ith probe;
and adopting a theoretical model of induced electromotive force in a winding coil in a very small time slice as the basis of the thickness scale of the tubular column, thereby obtaining the thickness of the tubular column.
11. The array type transient electromagnetic method multilayer pipe column damage detection method of claim 10,
the theoretical model of induced electromotive force in the take-up coil in the minimum time slice is used as the basis of the thickness scale of the tubular column, so that the thickness of the tubular column is obtained, and the theoretical model comprises the following steps:
empirical range of values (0, x) based on nth layer of tubular column thicknessn)，By successive substitutionIs approximated to the measured induced electromotive force UnValue of (A)So thatAnd UnWithin a set error threshold, i.e. betweenFurther obtaining the thickness of the nearest nth layer of pipe column
12. The array type transient electromagnetic method multilayer pipe column damage detection method of claim 10,
the multi-layer tubular column medium model takes the central point of the transmitting coil of the detection short section as the origin of coordinates, and the receiving coil of the detection short section is positioned in the positive direction of the z axis.
13. The array type transient electromagnetic method multilayer pipe column damage detection method according to claim 10, wherein the magnetic field inside the receiving coil of the electromagnetic probe is as follows:
wherein: c1Undetermined coefficient representing the innermost layer, z0Representing the distance between the transmitter coil and the receiver coil, NTDenotes the number of turns of the transmitting coil, ITDenotes the emission current, r0Representing the radius of the transmitting coil, I0(. and K)0(. cndot.) represents the first and second class of modified Bezier functions of order 0.
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| CN113503154B (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2024-01-30 | 西安石油大学 | Eccentric error correction method, device and storage medium for underground transient electromagnetic detection |
| CN114216840A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-03-22 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Distributed real-time monitoring system for casing corrosion |
| CN114216840B (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2024-04-23 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Distributed casing corrosion real-time monitoring system |
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