CN207215005U - A kind of subsurface three-dimensional displacement measuring device based on more mutual inductance mechanism - Google Patents
A kind of subsurface three-dimensional displacement measuring device based on more mutual inductance mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN207215005U CN207215005U CN201721124261.XU CN201721124261U CN207215005U CN 207215005 U CN207215005 U CN 207215005U CN 201721124261 U CN201721124261 U CN 201721124261U CN 207215005 U CN207215005 U CN 207215005U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of subsurface three-dimensional displacement measuring device based on more mutual inductance mechanism.Made contacts high and low composition including main frame and cylindrical type integral measuring unit, cylindrical type integral measuring unit is embedded in inside the ground of underground, and main frame is connected to after cylindrical type integral measuring unit concatenation；Each cylindrical type integral measuring unit includes PVC hollow tube and peripheral coil, mutual inductor and circuit board, to be formed a measurement group per neighbouring two each cylindrical type integral measuring units, undesirable mutual electromagnetic inductance between each measurement group inner peripheral coil and mutual inductor is measured to the relative vertical displacement between two adjacent column type integral measuring units and relative horizontal displacement, as displacement at list；The displacement and total displacement amount for calculating and obtaining at the ground different depth of underground are accumulated again.The utility model can realize that three-dimensional measurement is realized in the deformation triggered to a variety of causes below earth's surface, realize the continuous three-dimensional measurement to underground deformation that other devices can not be realized at present.
Description
Technical field
A kind of underground displacement measurement apparatus is the utility model is related to, more particularly, to a kind of underground based on more mutual inductance mechanism
Displacement three-dimensional measurement apparatus.
Background technology
The generation of geological disaster causes expendable destruction to human life, environment, and hinders the hair of human society
Exhibition and economic construction.Surface deformation monitoring, through being used for Geological Hazards Monitoring frequently as routine monitoring technology, and it is pre- as the condition of a disaster
Survey the important evidence of forecast.And surface deformation monitoring can only hold the misalignment of earth's surface, it is impossible to pair carried out with the deformation of underground
Measurement, this is in the needs that can not many times meet stability analysis and early warning to disaster.If any a kind of method to that may send out
The internal displacement of the disaster bodie on raw landslide measures, understand slide surface position and depth, and surface subsidence in not
Concrete numerical value is settled with ground under depth, the early-warning and predicting of this disaster has great significance.By the inside shape for grasping disaster bodie
Situations such as change and dynamic, the analysis and prediction and improvement of formation mechenism, stability to similar geological disaster, which provide, more to be had
Effect, foundation more comprehensively, more scientific, it is also therefore effective to reduce loss caused when disaster occurs.
Monitoring underground displacement main method is at present：Inclinometer, tens(i)ometer, sedimentometer, TDR and BOTDR, these methods
Cut both ways.The underground horizontal displacement that borehole inclinometer (a kind of method in inclinometer) is widely used in gliding mass at present is surveyed
Amount, but this monitoring method efficiency is low, and test every time needs staff to record mass data, easily causes dangerous situation and fails to report.Extend
Mainly lower vertical displacement is monitored instrument over the ground with sedimentometer, it is impossible to the error that elimination of level displacement is brought.For TDR and
The most important problem of BOTDR measuring methods is amount of tension deficiency, as optical fiber itself maximum tension amount only has 6mm/m, often should
In terms of Light deformation monitoring, it will be pulled off for optical fiber such as the larger ground deformation of deflection.This several method suffers from him
The limitation of itself, it is impossible to realize the three-dimensional measurement of deflection.
Utility model content
In order to solve immeasurable problem in background technology, the purpose of this utility model is to provide one kind based on how mutual
Feel the underground displacement three-dimensional measuring apparatus of mechanism.
The technical solution adopted in the utility model is：
Mainly by be placed in ground main frame and 1~n structure identical cylindrical type integral measuring units by power line and
485 buses are made contacts high and low composition, and cylindrical type integral measuring unit is embedded in inside the ground of underground and along the side of embedded underground ground
Arranged to concatenation, main frame is connected to after cylindrical type integral measuring unit concatenation；
Each cylindrical type integral measuring unit mainly by PVC hollow tube and the peripheral coil in PVC hollow tube,
Three parts of an at least mutual inductor and circuit board form, peripheral coil be close to be wound on PVC hollow tube inwall it is close around
Spiral winding, mutual inductor are located in the four small coils of top half circumferentially uniformly at intervals, circuit board in PVC hollow tube
Installed in PVC hollow tube bosom.
To be formed a measurement group per neighbouring two each cylindrical type integral measuring units.
It is divided into two groups of coil measurement groups, often with symmetrical two for one group in four small coils of described mutual inductor
Two coils in group coil measurement group are arranged symmetrically.
The utility model arranges structure as the identical small coil of mutual inductance of a circle, guarantee in cylindrical type integral measuring unit
No matter system underground ground after underground is put into that direction deformation, can utilize the symmetry of measuring unit to carry out underground
The measurement of displacement.
Described circuit board includes as the MCU circuits of central processing element and its being connected to MCU circuits using STM32 chips
Sine wave generating circuit, mutual voltage Acquisition Circuit and RS485 telecommunication circuits；Sine wave generating circuit produces 50Khz, peak-to-peak value
Be passed through peripheral coil for 2.5V sinusoidal ac, each small coil in mutual inductor with by amplifying, filtering, rectification forms
Mutual voltage Acquisition Circuit be connected, the AD that the output of mutual voltage Acquisition Circuit is connected to STM32 chips in MCU circuits is adopted
Sample pin connects, and peripheral coil produces electromagnetic field and generates electric current in mutual inductor by electromagnetic induction, by STM32 chips to mutual inductance
The voltage signal at coil both ends is acquired, and calculates relative vertical displacement and relative level using the voltage signal collected
The displacement of displacement；MCU circuit outputs are connected with 485 communicating circuits, and obtained displacement is passed through communication by 485 communicating circuits
Line sends the main frame to ground.
Circuit board may also include azimuth determination circuit in specific implementation, and azimuth determination circuit is to be used to obtain by earth magnetism
Obtain the azimuth of cylindrical type integral measuring unit.
Underground ground deforms upon, and drives each cylindrical type integral measuring unit being embedded in the ground of underground to occur
Displacement, in the following manner measurement obtain subsurface three-dimensional displacement：In cylindrical type integral measuring unit series connection structure, with per up and down
Each the cylindrical type integral measuring unit of adjacent two forms a measurement group, to ith measurement group inner peripheral coil and mutually
Undesirable mutual electromagnetic inductance between sense coil is come to the relative vertical displacement Δ z between two adjacent column type integral measuring unitsiAnd phase
To horizontal displacement Δ xiMeasure, cylindrical type integral measuring unit is represented as displacement at list, i=1,2,3 ..., n-1, i
Ordinal number, n represent cylindrical type integral measuring unit sum；According to each cylindrical type integral measuring unit size and
Displacement at the list of each measurement group obtained is measured, accumulates to calculate obtaining at the ground different depth of underground by simple mathematical
Vertical displacement amount and horizontal displacement and the generally lower vertical displacement amount S added up from ground to undergroundzGenerally descend horizontal position
Shifting amount Sx, so as to complete subsurface three-dimensional displacement measurement.
In specific implementation, the measurement data of each group measurement group delivers to ground host machine by 485 buses, main frame will by wired and
Long-range server is wirelessly sent to, the data that each measuring unit is observed by the interface of server may know that ground
Vertical displacement at lower different depth with level is and total displacement.
When the three-dimension measuring system is per task, two cylindrical type integral measuring units of a measurement group are only opened
Work, remaining cylindrical type integral measuring unit are turned off not working.
In measurement group in two cylindrical type integral measuring units, the peripheral coil of one of cylindrical type integral measuring unit
With the mutual inductor energization work of another cylindrical type integral measuring unit, electromagnetic field is produced through electromagnetic induction by peripheral coil
Electric current is produced in mutual inductor, detects the respective magnitude of voltage of four small coil in a mutual inductor.
The utility model has an advantageous effect in that：
The utility model is a kind of device for going deep into disaster bodie and displacement monitoring being carried out to its inside, to various below earth's surface
The deformation that reason triggers is implemented for three-dimensional measurement, realizes the company to underground deformation that other devices can not be realized at present
Continuous three-dimensional measurement, has the advantage accurately measured.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is total schematic diagram of the utility model measuring system；
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of cylindrical measurement unit；
Four small coil arrangement schematic diagram when Fig. 3 is the measurement of cylindrical measurement unit；
Fig. 4 is the composition schematic diagram of the utility model circuit board；
Fig. 5 is measurement process figure when not being subjected to displacement；
Fig. 6 is measurement process figure when being subjected to displacement；
Fig. 7 is the flow chart of the specific measurement process of the utility model.
In figure：PVC hollow tube 1, peripheral coil 2, mutual inductor 3, a coils 31, b coils 32, c coils 33, d coils 34,
Circuit board 4, main frame 5, order wire 6.
Embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in figure 1, the utility model specific implementation is mainly justified by the main frame 5 and 1~n structures identical that are placed in ground
Column type integral measuring unit is made contacts high and low composition by power line and 485 buses, and cylindrical type integral measuring unit is embedded in underground
Arranged inside ground and along the direction concatenation of embedded underground ground to carry out the measurement of displacement, cylindrical type integral measuring unit concatenation
After be connected to main frame 5.
As shown in Fig. 2 each cylindrical type integral measuring unit is mainly by PVC hollow tube 1 and installed in PVC hollow tube 1
In three of peripheral coil 2, at least a mutual inductor 3 and circuit board parts form, peripheral coil 2 is to be close to be wound on PVC
The inwall of hollow pipe 1 it is close around spiral winding.As shown in figure 3, mutual inductor 3 is located in top half edge circle in PVC hollow tube 1
The uniform four small coil 31,32,33,34 of weekly interval, the coiling of small coil and the close coiling all same around spiral winding are
Arranged along the helix of PVC hollow tube axial direction, the top half of peripheral coil 2 be located at mutual inductor 3 and the wall of PVC hollow tube 1 it
Between, circuit board is arranged on the bosom of PVC hollow tube 1.
To be formed a measurement group per neighbouring two each cylindrical type integral measuring units.
It is divided into two groups of coil measurement groups, every group of coil with symmetrical two for one group in four small coils of mutual inductor 3
Two coils in measurement group are arranged symmetrically.
As shown in figure 4, electricity occurs for MCU circuits, sine wave that circuit board includes using STM32 chips as central processing element
Road, azimuth determination circuit, mutual voltage Acquisition Circuit and RS485 telecommunication circuits；Azimuth determination circuit is obtained by earth magnetism
Obtain the azimuth of cylindrical type integral measuring unit, then the vertical displacement measured with azimuth with reference to peripheral coil 2 and mutual inductor 3
Position and cylindrical type integral measuring unit string of each cylindrical type integral measuring unit in the ground of underground are obtained with horizontal displacement
Connect embedded trend；The sinusoidal ac that sine wave generating circuit produces 50Khz, peak-to-peak value is 2.5V is passed through peripheral coil 2, mutually
Each small coil in sense coil 3 with by amplifying, filtering, the mutual voltage Acquisition Circuit that rectification forms is connected, mutual electrification
The output of pressure Acquisition Circuit is connected to the AD sampling pin connections of STM32 chips in MCU circuits, and peripheral coil 2 produces electromagnetic field
Electric current is generated in mutual inductor 3 by electromagnetic induction, the voltage signal at the both ends of mutual inductor 3 is acquired by STM32 chips,
And the displacement of relative vertical displacement and relative horizontal displacement is calculated using the voltage signal collected；MCU circuit outputs with
485 communicating circuits are connected, and obtained displacement is sent the main frame 5 to ground by order wire 6 by 485 communicating circuits.
Embodiment and its implementation process of the present utility model are as follows：
1st, underground displacement measurement is device：
As shown in figure 1, it is No. 1 measuring unit that each measuring unit is numbered from bottom to up in system, No. 2 measurements are single
Member ... ..., m measuring units, one shares m measuring unit.It is embedded in nethermost 1 measuring unit and is integrally fixed at basement rock (this
Layer is thought to move under normal circumstances), and the adjacent measuring unit of each two forms a measurement group such as No. 1 from bottom to up
It is No. 1 measurement group with No. 2 measuring unit compositions, No. 2 and No. 3 are combined into No. 2 measurement groups ... ..., No. m-1 and No. m composition m-1
Number measurement group, common m-1 measurement group, as shown in fig. 1.The measurement thinking of system is after measurement group is formed, in group two
Relative vertical displacement Δ z between individual measuring unitiWith relative horizontal displacement Δ xiMeasure (i=1,2,3 ..., m-1).
2nd, measuring unit structure：
As shown in Fig. 2 the overall dimension for the cylindrical type integral measuring unit implemented is high 80mm, and internal diameter 60mm, external diameter
70mm。
The utility model is in specific implementation, and top half places 12 small coils along pipe circumference in PVC hollow tube,
It is one group, totally three groups that 4 coils among 12 small coils are only used when measurement uses.Three groups of mutual inductors are respectively used to measure
The displacement in different angle direction so that result is more accurate.
As shown in figure 3, when actually measuring every time only using 4 coils among 12.When underground, ground deforms upon
When, using azimuth determination deformation orientation, in four small coils of mutual inductor 3, take two of which pair in deformation horizontal direction
Claim the coil of arrangement to be named as a coils and c coils, then take on a coils and c coil perpendicular bisectors direction what two other was arranged symmetrically
Coil is named as b coils and d coils.
3rd, the measuring unit course of work：
As shown in figure 4, to be formed a measurement group per neighbouring two each cylindrical type integral measuring units.Survey
In amount group in two cylindrical type integral measuring units, the peripheral coil 2 and cylindrical type of cylindrical type integral measuring unit II are integrated to be surveyed
Measure the energization work of mutual inductor 3 of unit I, the mutual inductor 3 and cylindrical type integral measuring list of cylindrical type integral measuring unit II
The no power of peripheral coil 2 work of member I, electromagnetic field is produced by peripheral coil 2, through electromagnetic induction in mutual inductance line after generation displacement
Circle 3 produces electric current, detects the respective magnitude of voltage of four small coil in a mutual inductor 3.
The specific measurement signal of relative displacement between two measuring units is as shown in Figure 5,6.
Initial measured target body does not deform upon, and two measuring units are not also subjected to displacement shape when keeping being put into underground
State, relative vertical displacement z0, as shown in Figure 5.
When measured target body deforms upon, between two measuring units relative displacement also change therewith, such as Fig. 6 institutes
Show.
Fig. 7 show system job order figure in measurement process, and the peripheral coil in measuring unit II is passed through frequency and electricity
The all fixed sinusoidal voltage of pressure value, while centering coil both ends disconnect the collection without magnitude of voltage.The object-line of measuring unit I
Circle disconnects no power also without collection, and only the mutual voltage of four centering coils in measuring unit I is acquired.
In general the mutual inductance between the peripheral coil of measuring unit II and the centering coil of measuring unit I, measured mutual electrification is utilized
Pressure value measures to the relative horizontal displacement between two units and relative vertical displacement.
It should be noted that in systems the same moment only have a measurement group working, after being measured for one group
Carry out next group of measurement.This avoid magnetic field between measurement group to influence each other.Due to the measuring unit of system bottom
It is fixed, so the measuring sequence of whole system is to measure from bottom to up.
There is different mutual voltages to export using different relative positions, a coils, c coils, b coils and d coils gather respectively
To magnitude of voltage ua、ub、ucAnd ud.Specific implementation is drawn in experimentation using MATLAB softwares, a coils, c coils, b coils and d
Four coil voltage values of coil and the graphics of corresponding displacement.
Because the size dimension of each measuring unit determines, each group of displacement is measured again, then by simple
Under mathematical computations are with regard to that can draw vertical displacement amount at different depth and horizontal displacement and add up generally from ground to underground
Vertical displacement amount SzGenerally descend horizontal displacement SxIt is respectively：
Wherein, Δ ziRepresent vertical displacement, Δ xiRelative horizontal displacement is represented, i represents measurement group sequence number, and m represents measurement group
Sum.
As can be seen here, the utility model can realize the continuous three-dimensional measurement to underground deformation, can realize to earth's surface
Three-dimensional measurement is realized in the deformation that following a variety of causes triggers.
Claims (3)
- A kind of 1. subsurface three-dimensional displacement measuring device based on more mutual inductance mechanism, it is characterised in that：Mainly by being placed in the master on ground Machine (5) and 1~n structure identical cylindrical type integral measuring units are made contacts high and low composition by power line and 485 buses, cylinder Type integral measuring unit is embedded in inside the ground of underground and concatenates arrangement, cylindrical type integral measuring along the direction of embedded underground ground Main frame (5) is connected to after unit concatenation.
- A kind of 2. subsurface three-dimensional displacement measuring device based on more mutual inductance mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterised in that： Each cylindrical type integral measuring unit is mainly by PVC hollow tube (1) and the peripheral coil in PVC hollow tube (1) (2), three parts of an at least mutual inductor (3) and circuit board form, and peripheral coil (2) is to be close to be wound on PVC hollow tube (1) inwall is close around spiral winding, and mutual inductor (3) is located in PVC hollow tube (1) interior top half circumferentially uniformly at intervals Four small coil (31,32,33,34), circuit board is arranged on PVC hollow tube (1) bosom.
- A kind of 3. subsurface three-dimensional displacement measuring device based on more mutual inductance mechanism according to claim 2, it is characterised in that： Described circuit board includes using STM32 chips as the MCU circuits of central processing element and its is connected to the sine wave hair of MCU circuits Raw circuit, mutual voltage Acquisition Circuit and RS485 telecommunication circuits；Sine wave generating circuit produces 50Khz, peak-to-peak value is 2.5V's Sinusoidal ac is passed through peripheral coil (2), and mutual inductor (3) mutual voltage Acquisition Circuit is connected, mutual voltage Acquisition Circuit Output be connected to STM32 chips in MCU circuits AD sampling pin connection, peripheral coil (2) produce electromagnetic field pass through electromagnetism Sensing generates electric current in mutual inductor (3), and the voltage signal at mutual inductor (3) both ends is acquired by STM32 chips, and profit The displacement of relative vertical displacement and relative horizontal displacement is calculated with the voltage signal collected；MCU circuit outputs are logical with 485 News circuit is connected, and 485 communicating circuits send obtained displacement to the main frame (5) on ground by order wire (6).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721124261.XU CN207215005U (en) | 2017-09-04 | 2017-09-04 | A kind of subsurface three-dimensional displacement measuring device based on more mutual inductance mechanism |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201721124261.XU CN207215005U (en) | 2017-09-04 | 2017-09-04 | A kind of subsurface three-dimensional displacement measuring device based on more mutual inductance mechanism |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107462146A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2017-12-12 | 中国计量大学 | Subsurface three-dimensional displacement measurement system and method based on more mutual inductance mechanism |
| CN108631422A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-10-09 | 中国计量大学 | The wireless electric energy transmission device and method of integrated sensor are measured for underground displacement |
| CN112097633A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-12-18 | 中国计量大学 | Underground three-dimensional displacement measurement system and method based on double-mutual-inductance equivalent voltage |
-
2017
- 2017-09-04 CN CN201721124261.XU patent/CN207215005U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107462146A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2017-12-12 | 中国计量大学 | Subsurface three-dimensional displacement measurement system and method based on more mutual inductance mechanism |
| CN108631422A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-10-09 | 中国计量大学 | The wireless electric energy transmission device and method of integrated sensor are measured for underground displacement |
| CN108631422B (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2023-09-05 | 中国计量大学 | Wireless power transmission device and method for underground displacement measurement integrated sensor |
| CN112097633A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-12-18 | 中国计量大学 | Underground three-dimensional displacement measurement system and method based on double-mutual-inductance equivalent voltage |
| WO2022053073A1 (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2022-03-17 | 中国计量大学 | Underground three-dimensional displacement measurement system and method based on double mutual inductance equivalent voltage |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20180410 Termination date: 20180904 |