CN106596708A - Method and device for quickly detecting carbonitriding network structure on surface of steel part - Google Patents
Method and device for quickly detecting carbonitriding network structure on surface of steel part Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005256 carbonitriding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 2
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种快速检测钢件表面碳氮共渗网状组织的方法及装置。本发明巧妙地利用了电磁感应的原理，使磁路铁芯与试样之间构成一个完整的回路，采用特定电势电流大小及频率的交流电使发射线圈产生的磁场在通过磁路铁芯及零件表层后再经接收线圈产生感应电流，将该感应电流放大后用表头进行显示，通过与标准电流对比，即可方便快捷地检测出含有碳氮共渗网状组织的钢件样品，这样的方式无需使用复杂的设备，而且也不会对钢件造成破坏，在生产现场即可进行检测，为提高产品质量和生产效率起到重要作用。本发明简单易行，成本低廉，使用效果好。
The invention discloses a method and a device for quickly detecting the carbonitriding network structure on the surface of a steel piece. The invention cleverly utilizes the principle of electromagnetic induction to form a complete loop between the magnetic circuit iron core and the sample, and uses alternating current with a specific potential current size and frequency to make the magnetic field generated by the transmitting coil pass through the magnetic circuit iron core and parts. After the surface layer, the induction current is generated by the receiving coil, and the induction current is amplified and displayed on the meter. By comparing with the standard current, the steel sample containing the carbonitriding network structure can be detected conveniently and quickly. The method does not need to use complicated equipment, and it will not cause damage to the steel parts. It can be tested at the production site, which plays an important role in improving product quality and production efficiency. The invention is simple and easy to implement, low in cost and good in use effect.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及检测技术领域，尤其是一种快速检测钢件表面碳氮共渗网状组织的方法及装置。The invention relates to the technical field of detection, in particular to a method and a device for rapidly detecting the carbonitriding network structure on the surface of a steel piece.
背景技术Background technique
众所周知，在工业产品中都要大量地使用金属材料，而许多的钢铁零部件在服役过程中由于特定的性能要求，其表面必须进行强化热处理，碳氮共渗就是其中的一种，它是将活性氮原子及氮原子渗入钢表面，从而提高零件的表面硬度、耐磨性、抗蚀性和抗疲劳强度，通常碳氮共渗后的渗层组织中不允许出现网状化合物组织(如图2所示)，它会使渗层的塑性降低，脆性增大，且对碳氮共渗工件的疲劳强度有不利影响，因此，简便快捷地检测出网状组织对正确制定工艺，提高钢件的渗层质量及产品的生产效率都具有十分重要的实际意义。As we all know, a large amount of metal materials are used in industrial products, and the surface of many steel parts must be strengthened due to specific performance requirements during service. Carbonitriding is one of them. Active nitrogen atoms and nitrogen atoms penetrate into the steel surface, thereby improving the surface hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance of the parts. Usually, the network compound structure is not allowed to appear in the carburized layer structure after carbonitriding (as shown in the figure 2), it will reduce the plasticity of the carburized layer, increase the brittleness, and have an adverse effect on the fatigue strength of the carbonitriding workpiece. The quality of the seepage layer and the production efficiency of the product have very important practical significance.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是：提供一种快速检测钢件表面碳氮共渗网状组织的方法及装置，它能快速的检出钢件表面是否含有碳氮共渗网状组织，且方法简单，成本低廉，以克服现有技术的不足。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and device for quickly detecting carbonitriding network structure on the surface of steel parts, which can quickly detect whether the surface of steel parts contains carbonitriding network structure, and the method is simple and low cost. Inexpensive to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art.
本发明是这样实现的：快速检测钢件表面碳氮共渗网状组织的方法，包括如下步骤：The present invention is achieved in that the method for quickly detecting the carbonitriding network structure on the surface of a steel piece comprises the following steps:
1)将一块没有碳氮共渗网状组织的标准试样与磁路铁芯构成一个完整的回路，并在磁路铁芯上分别设置一组发射线圈及接收线圈，向发射线圈通电使其产生磁场，所产生的磁场通过标准试样和磁路铁芯再穿过接收线圈，使接收线圈中产生一个对应的感应电流I0，将感应电流I0通过交流放大器进行放大后，再从交流表头上直接显示读出数据，即为标准电流I1；1) A standard sample without carbonitriding network structure and the magnetic circuit iron core form a complete circuit, and a set of transmitting coils and receiving coils are respectively arranged on the magnetic circuit iron core, and the transmitting coil is energized to make it Generate a magnetic field, the generated magnetic field passes through the standard sample and the magnetic circuit core and then passes through the receiving coil, so that a corresponding induced current I 0 is generated in the receiving coil, and the induced current I 0 is amplified by the AC amplifier, and then from the AC The readout data is directly displayed on the meter head, which is the standard current I 1 ;
2)将待测试样采用步骤1)的方法进行操作，获得测量电流I2；2) Operate the sample to be tested by the method of step 1) to obtain the measurement current I 2 ;
3)比较测量电流I2与标准电流I1，若测量电流I2与标准电流I1相同，则表示待测试样的检测表面没有碳氮共渗网状组织，若测量电流I2小于标准电流I1 15％以上，则说明待测试样的检测表面存在碳氮共渗网状组织；3) Compare the measured current I 2 with the standard current I 1 , if the measured current I 2 is the same as the standard current I 1 , it means that there is no carbonitriding network on the detection surface of the sample to be tested, if the measured current I 2 is less than the standard current I 1 If the current I 1 is more than 15%, it means that there is a carbonitriding network structure on the detection surface of the sample to be tested;
步骤1)及步骤2)中所述的向发射线圈通电的电流为交流电，其电势为8-12V、电流大小为1-1.5A，其频率为2000-2500HZ。The current energized to the transmitting coil described in step 1) and step 2) is alternating current, its potential is 8-12V, its current magnitude is 1-1.5A, and its frequency is 2000-2500HZ.
快速检测钢件表面碳氮共渗网状组织的装置，包括磁路铁芯，所述的磁路铁芯为倒U字形结构，在磁路铁芯的一侧绕有发射线圈，发射线圈与电源连接；在磁路铁芯的另一侧绕有接收线圈，接收线圈通过交流放大器与表头连接。The device for quickly detecting the carbonitriding network structure on the surface of steel parts includes a magnetic circuit iron core. The magnetic circuit iron core is an inverted U-shaped structure, and a transmitting coil is wound on one side of the magnetic circuit iron core. The transmitting coil and the Power supply connection; on the other side of the iron core of the magnetic circuit, there is a receiving coil, which is connected to the meter head through an AC amplifier.
所述的电源为调频电源。The power supply described is a frequency modulation power supply.
发射线圈与接收线圈的匝数相同。The transmitting coil has the same number of turns as the receiving coil.
本发明的原理是：如果样品表面存在碳氮共渗网状组织，则发射线圈产生的交变磁场通过该试样时因其碳氮共渗网状组织对磁场的阻碍减弱了磁通量，进而在接收线圈中产生的感应电势也随之减小，所以在表头上显示的感应电流I2也小于标准试样的电流I1，排出检测可能存在的干扰，小于15％以上则认定为存在不可接受的缺陷。The principle of the present invention is: if there is a carbonitriding network structure on the surface of the sample, the alternating magnetic field generated by the transmitting coil will weaken the magnetic flux because of the obstruction of the carbonitriding network structure to the magnetic field when the alternating magnetic field generated by the transmitting coil passes through the sample. The induced potential generated in the receiving coil also decreases accordingly, so the induced current I 2 displayed on the meter head is also smaller than the current I 1 of the standard sample, and the interference that may exist in the detection is eliminated. If it is less than 15%, it is considered to be impossible Accepted flaws.
由于采用了上述技术方案，与现有技术相比，本发明巧妙地利用了电磁感应的原理，使磁路铁芯与试样之间构成一个完整的回路，采用特定电势电流大小及频率的交流电使发射线圈产生的磁场在通过磁路铁芯及零件表层后再经接收线圈产生感应电流，将该感应电流放大后用表头进行显示，通过与标准电流对比，即可方便快捷地检测出含有碳氮共渗网状组织的钢件样品，这样的方式无需使用复杂的设备，而且也不会对钢件造成破坏，在生产现场即可进行检测，为提高产品质量和生产效率起到重要作用。本发明简单易行，成本低廉，使用效果好。Due to the adoption of the above-mentioned technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the present invention skillfully utilizes the principle of electromagnetic induction to form a complete loop between the magnetic circuit iron core and the sample, and adopts alternating current with specific potential current size and frequency. Make the magnetic field generated by the transmitting coil pass through the magnetic circuit iron core and the surface of the parts, and then generate an induced current through the receiving coil. The induced current is amplified and displayed on the meter. By comparing it with the standard current, it is convenient and quick to detect the presence of Steel samples with carbonitriding network structure, this method does not need to use complicated equipment, and will not cause damage to the steel parts, and can be tested at the production site, which plays an important role in improving product quality and production efficiency . The invention is simple and easy to implement, low in cost and good in use effect.
附图说明Description of drawings
附图1为本发明的结构示意图；Accompanying drawing 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
附图2为钢件表面的网状碳化物组织。Accompanying drawing 2 is the network carbide structure on the surface of the steel piece.
具体实施方式detailed description
本发明的实施例：快速检测钢件表面碳氮共渗网状组织的方法，包括如下步骤：Embodiments of the present invention: a method for rapidly detecting the carbonitriding network structure on the surface of a steel piece, comprising the steps of:
1)将一块没有碳氮共渗网状组织的标准试样与磁路铁芯构成一个完整的回路，并在磁路铁芯上分别设置一组发射线圈及接收线圈，向发射线圈通电使其产生磁场，所产生的磁场通过标准试样和磁路铁芯再穿过接收线圈，使接收线圈中产生一个对应的感应电流I0，将感应电流I0通过交流放大器进行放大后，再从交流表头上直接显示读出数据，即为标准电流I1；1) A standard sample without carbonitriding network structure and the magnetic circuit iron core form a complete circuit, and a set of transmitting coils and receiving coils are respectively arranged on the magnetic circuit iron core, and the transmitting coil is energized to make it Generate a magnetic field, the generated magnetic field passes through the standard sample and the magnetic circuit core and then passes through the receiving coil, so that a corresponding induced current I 0 is generated in the receiving coil, and the induced current I 0 is amplified by the AC amplifier, and then from the AC The readout data is directly displayed on the meter head, which is the standard current I 1 ;
2)将待测试样采用步骤1)的方法进行操作，获得测量电流I2；2) Operate the sample to be tested by the method of step 1) to obtain the measurement current I 2 ;
3)比较测量电流I2与标准电流I1，若测量电流I2与标准电流I1相同，则表示待测试样的检测表面没有碳氮共渗网状组织，若测量电流I2小于标准电流I1，则说明待测试样的检测表面存在碳氮共渗网状组织；3) Compare the measured current I 2 with the standard current I 1 , if the measured current I 2 is the same as the standard current I 1 , it means that there is no carbonitriding network on the detection surface of the sample to be tested, if the measured current I 2 is less than the standard current I 1 The current I 1 indicates that there is a carbonitriding network structure on the detection surface of the sample to be tested;
步骤1)及步骤2)中所述的向发射线圈通电的电流为交流电，其电势为12V、电流大小为1.2A，其频率为2000HZ。The current energized to the transmitting coil described in step 1) and step 2) is an alternating current with a potential of 12V, a current of 1.2A, and a frequency of 2000HZ.
快速检测钢件表面碳氮共渗网状组织的装置，包括磁路铁芯1，所述的磁路铁芯1为倒U字形结构，在磁路铁芯1的一侧绕有发射线圈2，发射线圈2与调频电源3连接；在磁路铁芯1的另一侧绕有接收线圈4，接收线圈4通过交流放大器5与表头6连接；发射线圈2与接收线圈4的匝数相同。The device for quickly detecting the carbonitriding network structure on the surface of steel parts includes a magnetic circuit iron core 1, the magnetic circuit iron core 1 is an inverted U-shaped structure, and a transmitting coil 2 is wound on one side of the magnetic circuit iron core 1 , the transmitting coil 2 is connected to the frequency modulation power supply 3; on the other side of the magnetic circuit core 1 is wound a receiving coil 4, and the receiving coil 4 is connected to the meter head 6 through an AC amplifier 5; the number of turns of the transmitting coil 2 and the receiving coil 4 is the same .
使用过程中，将标准试样或待测试样放置在检测区7的位置，使试样的测试面8与磁路铁芯1的底端良好接触。During use, the standard sample or the sample to be tested is placed in the detection area 7 so that the test surface 8 of the sample is in good contact with the bottom end of the magnetic circuit core 1 .
发明人采用上述方案，对安大锻造厂2015年生产的冷作模具进行检测。The inventor adopted the above-mentioned scheme to detect the cold working die produced by Anda Forging Plant in 2015.
发明人从2015年1月-12月，从每个月的同一批次生产的冷作模具为一组，总共取样12组，每组取样5个。采用上述方法进行检测，首先获得的标准电流I1为0.78A，而对样品的检测结果中，1-11月所有样品的测量电流I2均与标准电流I1相差不超过3％；但是，12月的样品检测结果，其检测电流I2的大小分别为0.47A、0.49A、0.51A、0.51A及0.52A，其所有样品的检测电流I2均超过标准电流I1 15％以上，再将所有检测样品经过光学显微镜检测，结果发现，1-11月的样品全部不存在碳氮共渗网状组织，而12月的5个样品均存在碳氮共渗网状组织，这与本发明的检测结论完全一致。From January to December, 2015, the inventor made a group of cold-working molds produced in the same batch every month, and took a total of 12 samples, each with 5 samples. Using the above method for detection, the standard current I1 obtained first is 0.78A, and in the test results of the samples, the measured current I2 of all samples from January to November is not more than 3% different from the standard current I1 ; however, The test results of samples in December show that the detection current I 2 is 0.47A, 0.49A, 0.51A, 0.51A and 0.52A, and the detection current I 2 of all samples exceeds the standard current I 1 by more than 15%. All the test samples were detected by optical microscope, and it was found that all the samples from January to November did not have a carbonitriding network structure, but all the 5 samples in December had a carbonitriding network structure, which is consistent with the present invention. The detection conclusions are completely consistent.
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| CN102422153A (en) * | 2009-02-25 | 2012-04-18 | 住友金属工业株式会社 | Carburization detection method |
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Application publication date: 20170426 |