CN106596623A - Self-adaptive photoelectric detection device and method for asphalt softening point tester - Google Patents
Self-adaptive photoelectric detection device and method for asphalt softening point tester Download PDFInfo
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- CN106596623A CN106596623A CN201710028727.4A CN201710028727A CN106596623A CN 106596623 A CN106596623 A CN 106596623A CN 201710028727 A CN201710028727 A CN 201710028727A CN 106596623 A CN106596623 A CN 106596623A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/02—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating changes of state or changes of phase; by investigating sintering
- G01N25/04—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating changes of state or changes of phase; by investigating sintering of melting point; of freezing point; of softening point
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Abstract
The invention discloses a self-adaptive photoelectric detection device for an asphalt softening point tester. The device comprises a casing, wherein a transmitting tube and receiving tube support frame is arranged above the casing, the bottom of the transmitting tube and receiving tube support frame is fixed on the casing, a heating tube is arranged in the transmitting tube and receiving tube support frame, a beaker lid is arranged above the transmitting tube and receiving tube support frame, an electrode cap, an insulation cap and a temperature sensor are arranged at the top of the beaker lid, a stirring motor and a test piece frame are arranged below the beaker lid, a speed adjusting switch is arranged above the casing, and a display screen is arranged on the outer side of the casing. The self-adaptive photoelectric detection device has the benefits as follows: the asphalt softening point tester can judge falling of a ball more accurately, influences of change of outside ambient light, photosensitive tube ageing caused by temperatures, water bubbles and the like on the detection result are reduced, the softening point test accuracy is improved, and the instrument application range is enlarged.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to highway laboratory apparatus technical field, and in particular to a kind of adaptive optical of asphalt softening point tester
Electric detection means and its method.
Background technology
The adaptive optical electric detection means of asphalt softening point tester of the prior art, softening point test is typically from 5 DEG C
Or 36 DEG C start heating, maximum operating temperature is respectively 90 DEG C (aqueous mediums) and 180 DEG C (glycerol medium), with the liter of water temperature
Height, the sensitivity of phototriode is increased, and circuit approaches to saturation, and final output voltage Uo can be caused also to increase.
This elevated voltage for gradually changing, can make fixation judge that the method for thresholding produces more serious problem.If setting is fixed
Judgement threshold voltage Vrel, when bead does not fall, voltage be V1 (value be a constant, lock is recorded at on-test
It is fixed), after bead falls, voltage is V2.When detecting V2-V1>During Vrel, program thinks that bead falls.But, problem exists
In, under normal conditions, Vrel can be set to a fixed value, if during experiment, due to intensification phototriode
Change of sensitivity, causes V1 and V2 values all to change during test, when bead falls, V2-V1>The bar of Vrel
Part, it is most likely that cannot meet, so as to cause can not correctly to judge whether bead falls.
In low-temperature space (50 DEG C) once, bubble interference is less, and the voltage of photosensitive tube is slowly varying with the rising of temperature, this
Region belongs to weak jamming area.In temperature 50 C between 100 DEG C, the sensitivity of phototriode there occurs large change, also,
Because water vapor bubbles increase, interference is incrementally increased, and the phototriode voltage pulsation that bubble is caused is even up to more than 0.5V, and this is
Jing has exceeded bead and has not fallen and the voltage difference between bead falls, and this can cause common bead whereabouts evaluation algorithm to judge to lose
By mistake.This region belongs to strong jamming area.Start to fall in bead, fall this section of region being in the light, photosensitive three pole completely to bead
The voltage of pipe is in obvious ascendant trend, and the duration is about 5-20 second.After the completion of bead falls, light is blocked substantially,
High 0.3-1.5V before the output voltage amplitude of phototriode tends towards stability, but global voltage about falls than bead.Due to
Bead does not fall the voltage change amplitude fallen with bead simultaneously less, and period is accompanied by substantial amounts of interference spurious signal (gas
The interference signal that bubble is produced), conventional fixed threshold comparative approach, when processing such case, the bit error rate is higher.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the adaptive optical electric detection means and its method of a kind of asphalt softening point tester,
Propose in solve the problems, such as above-mentioned background technology.
For achieving the above object, the present invention provides following technical scheme：A kind of adaptive optical of asphalt softening point tester
Electric detection means, including casing, the casing top is provided with transmitting tube and reception pipe bracing frame, the transmitting tube and reception pipe
Bracing frame bottom is fixed on casing, and the transmitting tube is provided with beaker cover, the beaker caping with reception pipe bracing frame top
Portion is provided with electrode cap, insulator cap and temperature sensor, and the beaker cover lower section is provided with heating tube, and heating tube top and burning
Bowl cover bottom is fixedly connected, and the beaker cover lower section is provided with stirring motor and test-piece stand, and the casing top is provided with speed governing
Switch, the casing outside is provided with display screen, and the display screen lower section is provided with setting+key and setting-key, the display screen
Right side is provided with start button and function button, and the transmitting tube is provided with glass beaker with reception pipe bracing frame top, described
Glass beaker side is provided with transmitting tube, and glass beaker opposite side is provided with reception pipe, in the glass beaker steel ball is provided with
Pallet, the steel ball pallet top is provided with two groups of sample rings, and the sample ring central authorities are provided with steel ball.
Preferably, the transmitting tube and reception pipe are provided with two groups, and the transmitting tube in left side, the steel ball on right side and right side
Reception pipe on same straight line, the reception pipe of the transmitting tube on right side, the steel ball in left side and right side is on same straight line.
Preferably, the reception pipe outside is provided with bearing, and in the embedded bearing of reception pipe, the transmitting tube front end is provided with
LED.
A kind of adaptive optical electric detection means method of asphalt softening point tester that the present invention is provided, including following step
Suddenly：
S1：The magnitude of voltage of continuous sampling phototriode as environment value, using environment value as steel ball do not fall when electricity
Pressure value V1, to avoid the continuous increase of V1, causes V2-V1>The condition of Vrel can not meet, the value of environment value and it is delayed when
Between T1 be that, through strict calculating, time T1 have to be larger than steel ball 19 from starting to fall, to completing duration t1
2 times；
S2：Judge that threshold voltage Vrel is changed to variable value, set up linear function, Vrel reduces with the increase of V1,
Weakest environment light (dark surrounds) and most strong ambient light (are faced before the window in south, apart from window during the high noon in Northern Hemisphere Summer July
The position of 30cm place softening point apparatus) measure under two kinds of extreme environment light, steel ball fall when not falling and fall gear
The level of light time is respectively (0.3V, 5V) and (1.5V, 3.5V), judges that threshold voltage is only needed in theory less than (3.5-1.5)
=2V falls it may determine that going out steel ball, but the actual discreteness in view of photosensitive tube parameter, and occur in Long-Time Service
Problem of aging, we take and judge the 75% of door limiting；
S3：Limit filtration is carried out to the magnitude of voltage of present sample to filter, because bubble causes the voltage that light refraction causes
Change, amplitude limit value adopts standard deviation computational methods, when certain sampled value and this entirely filter statistical average in queue difference it is big
When standard deviation K times, the data are rejected, and remaining data is averaged again；
S4：Current photosensitive tube voltage is carried out carrying out continuous sampling one end time T2 with fixed intervals, only in this section
The voltage V2 of sampling is above V1+Vrel in time T2, is just judged to that steel ball falls, as long as there is a value to be less than V1+Vrel, then
This judgement terminates, the value of T2 be necessary to ensure that more than any bubble move across that photoelectricity sampling area experienced from the bottom up when
Between t2.
Preferably, in S1, the time for touching lower shoe to whereabouts completely when steel ball starts to fall is average time t1
For 30 seconds, so the time value of T1 is 2 times of t1, it is 60 seconds, it is ensured that have time enough surplus, in this time range
Interior, steel ball can complete drop action, also can guarantee that the changing sensitivity that ambient light is detected.
The technique effect and advantage of the present invention：The adaptive optical electric detection means of the asphalt softening point tester and its side
Method, it is 30 seconds that the time for touching lower shoe to whereabouts completely when bead starts to fall is average time t1.So the time of T1
Value is 2 times of t1, is 60 seconds.Time enough surplus is ensure that, in this time range, bead can complete dynamic
Make, also can guarantee that the changing sensitivity that ambient light is detected.
In weakest environment light (dark surrounds) and most strong ambient light (faces the window in south during the high noon in Northern Hemisphere Summer July
Before, place softening point apparatus apart from the position of window 30cm) measure under two kinds of extreme environment light, what bead fell does not fall
When and the level that falls when being in the light be respectively (0.3V, 5V) and (1.5V, 3.5V), judge that threshold voltage only needs to be less than in theory
(3.5-1.5)=2V falls it may determine that going out bead, but the actual discreteness in view of photosensitive tube parameter, and makes for a long time
With the problem of aging for occurring, we take and judge the 75% of door limiting.
The adaptive optical electric detection means of the asphalt softening point tester and its method, during asphalt softening point instrument can be improved
The accurate judgement fallen to bead, reduces the change of external environment light, and photosensitive tube is aging caused by temperature, and water vapor bubbles etc. are right
The impact of testing result, improves the precision of softening point test and the scope of application of instrument.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of Photoelectric Detection of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is radiating circuit figure of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is receiving circuit figure of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the photosensitive tube output voltage-temperature profile of the present invention.
In figure：1 electrode cap, 2 insulator caps, 3 temperature sensors, 4 beaker covers, 5 heating tubes, 6 stirring motors, 7 test-piece stands, 8
Transmitting tube starts with reception pipe bracing frame, 9 speed-regulating switch, 10 casings, 11 display screens, 12 setting+keys, 13 setting-keys, 14 to be pressed
Key, 15 function buttons, 16 glass beakers, 17 steel ball pallets, 18 sample rings, 19 steel balls, 20 bearings, 21 transmitting tubes, 22LED lamps,
23 reception pipes.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation is described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than the embodiment of whole.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
A kind of adaptive optical electric detection means of asphalt softening point tester, including casing 10, the top of the casing 10 sets
Transmitting tube and reception pipe bracing frame 8 are equipped with, the transmitting tube is fixed on casing 10 with the bottom of reception pipe bracing frame 8, described
Penetrate pipe and the top of reception pipe bracing frame 8 is provided with beaker cover 4, the top of the beaker cover 4 is provided with electrode cap 1, insulator cap 2 and temperature
Degree sensor 3, the lower section of the beaker cover 4 is provided with heating tube 5, and the top of heating tube 5 is fixedly connected with the bottom of beaker cover 4, institute
State the lower section of beaker cover 4 and be provided with stirring motor 6 and test-piece stand 7, the top of the casing 10 is provided with speed-regulating switch 9, the casing
10 outsides are provided with display screen 11, and the lower section of the display screen 11 is provided with setting+key 12 and setting-key 13, the display screen 11
Right side is provided with start button 14 and function button 15, and the transmitting tube is provided with glass beaker with the top of reception pipe bracing frame 8
16, the side of the glass beaker 16 is provided with transmitting tube 21, and the opposite side of glass beaker 16 is provided with reception pipe 23, and the glass burns
Steel ball pallet 17 is provided with cup 16, the top of the steel ball pallet 17 is provided with two groups of sample rings 18, and the sample ring 18 is central
It is provided with steel ball 19.
Further, the transmitting tube 21 and reception pipe 23 are provided with two groups, and the steel ball of the transmitting tube 21, right side in left side
19 and right side reception pipe 23 on same straight line, the steel ball 19 of the transmitting tube 21, left side on right side and the reception pipe 23 on right side
On same straight line, the outside of the reception pipe 23 is provided with bearing 20, and reception pipe 23 is embedded in bearing 20, the transmitting tube 21
Front end is provided with LED 22.
A kind of adaptive optical electric detection means method of asphalt softening point tester that the present invention is provided, including following step
Suddenly：
S1：The magnitude of voltage of continuous sampling phototriode as environment value, using environment value as steel ball (19) do not fall when
Magnitude of voltage V1, to avoid the continuous increase of V1, cause V2-V1>The condition of Vrel can not meet, the value of environment value and delayed
Time T1 is that, through strict calculating, time T1 have to be larger than steel ball 19 from starting to fall, to completing duration
2 times of t1；
S2：Judge that threshold voltage Vrel is changed to variable value, set up linear function, Vrel reduces with the increase of V1,
Weakest environment light (dark surrounds) and most strong ambient light (are faced before the window in south, apart from window during the high noon in Northern Hemisphere Summer July
The position of 30cm place softening point apparatus) measure under two kinds of extreme environment light, steel ball 19 fall when not falling and fall
Level when being in the light is respectively (0.3V, 5V) and (1.5V, 3.5V), judges that threshold voltage is only needed in theory less than (3.5-
1.5)=2V falls it may determine that going out steel ball 19, but the actual discreteness in view of photosensitive tube parameter, and in Long-Time Service
The problem of aging of appearance, we take and judge the 75% of door limiting, so,
Maximum judges that thresholding is
(5-0.3) * 0.75=3.5V
Minimum judges that thresholding is
(3.5-1.5) * 0.75=1.5V
Thus linear functions of the judgement thresholding Vrel with ambient light V1 is set up out：
If to judge thresholding, x is ambient light to y, then have：
Y=a*x+b
By x=0.3, y=3.5；X=1.5, y=1.5 substitute into above formula, try to achieve：A=-1.67；B=4.0
Through computing above, we establish the linear function for judging thresholding Vrel and ambient light V1：
Vrel=-1.67*V1+4.0 (0.3<V1<1.5)；
S3：Limit filtration is carried out to the magnitude of voltage of present sample to filter, because bubble causes the voltage that light refraction causes
Change, amplitude limit value adopts standard deviation computational methods, when certain sampled value and this entirely filter statistical average in queue difference it is big
When standard deviation K times, the data are rejected, and remaining data is averaged again, and the value of K is determined by number of samples.According to ginseng
Examine《Highway engineering pitch and Asphalt Mixture Experiment code JTG E20-2011》Specified in universal test data handling requirements：
When number is sampled 3,4,5,6, the value of K is respectively 1.15,1.46,1.67,1.82；
S4：Current photosensitive tube voltage is carried out carrying out continuous sampling one end time T2 with fixed intervals, only in this section
The voltage V2 of sampling is above V1+Vrel in time T2, is just judged to that steel ball 19 falls, as long as having a value less than V1+Vrel,
Then this judgement terminates, and the value of T2 to be necessary to ensure that and move across what photoelectricity sampling area was experienced from the bottom up more than any bubble
Time t2, through substantial amounts of measurement data, bubble by the sample area of bead (this region height is 25.4mm, the value by《It is public
Road engineering pitch and Asphalt Mixture Experiment code JTG E20-2011》Regulation, i.e. softening point sample ring lower plane distance is held
The lower shoe of bead highly be 25.4mm) time t2 be respectively less than 100ms, it is contemplated that design margin, we are true by the value of T2
It is set to 200ms.
Further, in S1, the time for touching lower shoe to whereabouts completely when steel ball 19 starts to fall is average time
T1 is 30 seconds, so the time value of T1 is 2 times of t1, it is 60 seconds, it is ensured that have time enough surplus, in this time model
In enclosing, steel ball 19 can complete drop action, also can guarantee that the changing sensitivity that ambient light is detected.
The technique effect and advantage of the present invention：The adaptive optical electric detection means of the asphalt softening point tester and its side
Method, it is 30 seconds that the time for touching lower shoe to whereabouts completely when bead starts to fall is average time t1.So the time of T1
Value is 2 times of t1, is 60 seconds.Time enough surplus is ensure that, in this time range, bead can complete dynamic
Make, also can guarantee that the changing sensitivity that ambient light is detected.
In weakest environment light (dark surrounds) and most strong ambient light (faces the window in south during the high noon in Northern Hemisphere Summer July
Before, place softening point apparatus apart from the position of window 30cm) measure under two kinds of extreme environment light, what bead fell does not fall
When and the level that falls when being in the light be respectively (0.3V, 5V) and (1.5V, 3.5V), judge that threshold voltage only needs to be less than in theory
(3.5-1.5)=2V falls it may determine that going out bead, but the actual discreteness in view of photosensitive tube parameter, and makes for a long time
With the problem of aging for occurring, we take and judge the 75% of door limiting.
The adaptive optical electric detection means of the asphalt softening point tester and its method, during asphalt softening point instrument can be improved
The accurate judgement fallen to bead, reduces the change of external environment light, and photosensitive tube is aging caused by temperature, and water vapor bubbles etc. are right
The impact of testing result, improves the precision of softening point test and the scope of application of instrument.
Finally it should be noted that：The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, the present invention is not limited to,
Although being described in detail to the present invention with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for a person skilled in the art, it still may be used
To modify to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or equivalent is carried out to which part technical characteristic,
All any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements within the spirit and principles in the present invention, made etc., should be included in the present invention's
Within protection domain.
Claims (5)
1. the adaptive optical electric detection means of a kind of asphalt softening point tester, including casing (10), it is characterised in that：The machine
Shell (10) top is provided with transmitting tube and reception pipe bracing frame (8), and the transmitting tube is fixed on reception pipe bracing frame (8) bottom
On casing (10), the transmitting tube is provided with beaker cover (4) with reception pipe bracing frame (8) top, and beaker cover (4) top sets
Electrode cap (1), insulator cap (2) and temperature sensor (3) are equipped with, beaker cover (4) lower section is provided with heating tube (5), and adds
Heat pipe (5) top is fixedly connected with beaker cover (4) bottom, and beaker cover (4) lower section is provided with stirring motor (6) and test-piece stand
(7), casing (10) top is provided with speed-regulating switch (9), and casing (10) outside is provided with display screen (11), described aobvious
Display screen (11) lower section is provided with setting+key (12) and setting-key (13), and display screen (11) right side is provided with start button
(14) and function button (15), the transmitting tube is provided with glass beaker (16), the glass with reception pipe bracing frame (8) top
Beaker (16) side is provided with transmitting tube (21), and glass beaker (16) opposite side is provided with reception pipe (23), the glass beaker
(16) steel ball pallet (17) is provided with, steel ball pallet (17) top is provided with two groups of sample rings (18), the sample ring
(18) central authorities are provided with steel ball (19).
2. the adaptive optical electric detection means of a kind of asphalt softening point tester according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The transmitting tube (21) and reception pipe (23) are provided with two groups, and the transmitting tube (21) in left side, the steel ball (19) on right side and the right side
The reception pipe (23) of side on same straight line, the transmitting tube (21) on right side, the steel ball (19) in left side and the reception pipe on right side
(23) on same straight line.
3. the adaptive optical electric detection means of a kind of asphalt softening point tester according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Reception pipe (23) outside is provided with bearing (20), in the embedded bearing (20) of reception pipe (23), transmitting tube (21) front end
It is provided with LED (22).
4. a kind of self adaptation photoelectric detecting method of asphalt softening point tester according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Comprise the following steps：
S1：The magnitude of voltage of continuous sampling phototriode as environment value, using environment value as steel ball (19) do not fall when electricity
Pressure value V1, to avoid the continuous increase of V1, causes V2-V1>The condition of Vrel can not meet, the value of environment value and lag time
T1 is that, through strict calculating, time T1 have to be larger than steel ball (19) from starting to fall, to completing duration t1
2 times；
S2：Judge that threshold voltage Vrel is changed to variable value, set up linear function, Vrel reduces with the increase of V1, most weak
Ambient light (dark surrounds) and most strong ambient light (are faced before the window in south, apart from window 30cm during the high noon in Northern Hemisphere Summer July
Position place softening point apparatus) measure under two kinds of extreme environment light, steel ball (19) fall when not falling and fall gear
The level of light time is respectively (0.3V, 5V) and (1.5V, 3.5V), judges that threshold voltage is only needed in theory less than (3.5-1.5)
=2V falls it may determine that going out steel ball (19), but the actual discreteness in view of photosensitive tube parameter, and goes out in Long-Time Service
Existing problem of aging, we take and judge the 75% of door limiting；
S3：Limit filtration is carried out to the magnitude of voltage of present sample to filter, because bubble causes the voltage change that light refraction causes,
Amplitude limit value adopts standard deviation computational methods, when the difference of the statistical average in certain sampled value and this whole filtering queue is more than standard
When poor K times, the data are rejected, and remaining data is averaged again；
S4：Current photosensitive tube voltage is carried out carrying out continuous sampling one end time T2 with fixed intervals, only in this period of time
The voltage V2 of sampling is above V1+Vrel in T2, is just judged to that steel ball (19) falls, as long as there is a value to be less than V1+Vrel, then
This judgement terminates, the value of T2 be necessary to ensure that more than any bubble move across that photoelectricity sampling area experienced from the bottom up when
Between t2.
5. the self adaptation photoelectric detecting method of a kind of asphalt softening point tester according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：
In S1, it is 30 seconds that the time for touching lower shoe to whereabouts completely when steel ball (19) starts to fall is average time t1, so
The time value of T1 is 2 times of t1, is 60 seconds, it is ensured that have time enough surplus, in this time range, steel ball (19)
Drop action can be completed, the changing sensitivity that ambient light is detected also is can guarantee that.
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| CN108333210A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-07-27 | 黄晓萍 | A kind of automatic detection system of afforestation product softening point |
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