CN106596548B - 一种棕榈藤材藤皮藤芯的区分方法 - Google Patents

一种棕榈藤材藤皮藤芯的区分方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN106596548B
CN106596548B CN201611121561.2A CN201611121561A CN106596548B CN 106596548 B CN106596548 B CN 106596548B CN 201611121561 A CN201611121561 A CN 201611121561A CN 106596548 B CN106596548 B CN 106596548B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
rattan
peel
core
proportion
windmill palm
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CN201611121561.2A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN106596548A (zh
Inventor
汪佑宏
张菲菲
李担
季必超
薛夏
任伟
徐斌
涂道伍
张利萍
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Anhui Agricultural University AHAU
Original Assignee
Anhui Agricultural University AHAU
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Anhui Agricultural University AHAU filed Critical Anhui Agricultural University AHAU
Priority to CN201611121561.2A priority Critical patent/CN106596548B/zh
Publication of CN106596548A publication Critical patent/CN106596548A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN106596548B publication Critical patent/CN106596548B/zh
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N2021/8466Investigation of vegetal material, e.g. leaves, plants, fruits

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种棕榈藤材藤皮藤芯的区分方法,该方法采用生物解剖方法,每隔一固定距离对藤茎径向的藤材纤维比量、维管束密度、导管比量和薄壁组织比量进行系统测试、计算、分析和研究,根据藤材上述解剖构造特征的径向变化规律,引入藤皮指数的概念,探索棕榈藤材的藤皮和藤芯差异,实现藤皮藤芯的精准区分,为棕榈藤材性的全面研究和加工利用提供理论基础。

Description

一种棕榈藤材藤皮藤芯的区分方法
技术领域
本发明涉及的是木材加工的技术领域,尤其涉及的是一种棕榈藤材藤皮藤芯的区分方法。
背景技术
棕榈藤(rattan)属棕榈科(PALMAE)省藤亚科(Calamoideae)省藤族(Calameae)类植物,是热带森林宝库中重要的、具有多用途的、仅次于木材和竹材的可再生、非木材资源,为单子叶植物,不具有形成层,因此藤茎一般不再长粗。藤茎俗称藤条,表皮呈奶黄、乳白、灰褐、黄褐等颜色,因透气、柔韧、轻巧、坚固、热传导性低,是可生物降解的健康环保材料,被广泛用于制造桌、椅、凳、墩、鼓墩、架、柜、茶几、沙发、屏风、床等藤制家具,以及各种藤编小饰品如果篮、灯笼、花架、吊篮等。
特别是当棕榈藤材需要加工成藤皮及藤芯、用以生产编织品或直接作为半制品出售时,藤皮藤芯必须要严格分开使用。藤皮有多种规格,要求抗拉强度大,一般按用途将藤皮分为五类:笪丝、席丝、合丝、车皮、沙丝;藤芯即原藤经刨藤机或手工开出藤皮后的剩余物,有圆芯、扁芯、有角芯等之分,因藤芯柔韧、易弯曲、纤维表面光滑、无毛刺感,主要用于藤织件编织、家具的骨织类及装饰等。目前棕榈藤市场及生产企业,一般都是主观将藤茎部外1~2mm厚的部分作为藤皮出售或使用,往往导致产品在生产或使用过程中出现质量问题,更有甚者因导致经济上纠纷而诉诸法律,严重损害棕榈藤行业的发展。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足,提供了一种棕榈藤材藤皮藤芯的区分方法,以解决主观方法无法准确将藤皮藤芯区分的技术问题。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
本发明提供了一种棕榈藤材藤皮藤芯的区分方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)制样:取待测棕榈藤材,若有藤鞘则剥去藤鞘,从藤茎节间中部截取一段圆段试块,作为试样备用;
(2)临时切片制作:将试样浸没在水中,用微波处理至藤皮软化后,用碳蜡浸渍包埋,最后切取20-30μm厚的横切面切片待用;
(3)典型解剖特征测量:利用数码显微成像系统,从藤芯至藤皮或从藤皮至藤芯沿径向每隔一固定距离测量一次切片的典型解剖特征,所述典型解剖特征包括纤维比量PF、维管束密度VBF、导管比量PV、薄壁组织比量PP
(4)计算藤皮指数DC
绘制藤皮指数径向变异曲线,曲线剧烈变化处即为藤皮藤芯交界处。
本发明的原理是:棕榈藤材藤茎即中柱,是由维管束散生于基本组织之中,其外部是藤皮、内部是藤芯,由藤芯至藤皮的径向变化是:纤维比量及维管束密度逐渐增多、而导管与薄壁组织比量却渐渐减少;但由于棕榈藤材的生物学特性,单独依靠某一个指标如纤维比量,很难能从径向区分出藤皮与藤芯。因此,基于这个原因,本发明专利首次引入“藤皮指数”这一概念,并应用这一被放大的数值作为区分藤皮与藤芯的指标。从藤皮指数DC可以发现,从藤芯至藤皮,因纤维比量、维管束密度逐渐增多,则二者的积即分子必然增大;反之,导管比量与薄壁组织比量逐渐减少,其乘积即分母必然减小,所以一个增大的分子除以一个减小的分母,其值也必然更大。则在藤皮指数径向变化曲线上表现为:藤芯向外虽有增加趋势但较为平缓且值较小、而至藤皮处产生剧烈增大的现象,即在曲线变化平缓且值较小处为棕榈藤藤芯、值较大处为藤皮、而剧烈变化处即为棕榈藤藤皮与藤芯交界处了。
进一步地,所述步骤(1)中,还包括测定藤茎的直径。
进一步地,所述步骤(3)中,由藤芯至藤皮或由藤皮至藤芯沿径向每隔0.5mm或更小的距离测定一次切片的典型解剖特征。由多次试验结果可知,藤皮大多为藤茎外侧0.5mm厚部分,而其内部均为藤芯,因此,为了保证结果的准确性,间距的选取不宜大于0.5mm。
本发明相比现有技术具有以下优点:本发明提供了一种棕榈藤材藤皮藤芯的区分方法,该方法采用生物解剖方法,对藤茎的径向每隔一固定距离分别对藤材纤维比量、维管束密度、导管比量和薄壁组织比量等进行系统测试、计算、分析和研究,根据藤材上述解剖构造特征的径向变化规律,探索棕榈藤材的藤皮和藤芯差异,实现藤皮藤芯的精准区分,为棕榈藤材性的全面研究和加工利用提供理论基础。
附图说明
图1为实施例1的藤皮指数径向变异曲线。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的实施例作详细说明,本实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施,给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程,但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。
实施例1
1、材料
本实施例所用方法如无特别说明均为本领域的技术人员所知晓的常规方法,所用的试剂等材料,如无特别说明,均为市售购买产品。
2、方法
2.1制样
选取生长健康的棕榈藤藤株、齐根砍伐后剥去藤鞘(或直接从市场购置棕榈藤藤茎),测量待测棕榈藤藤茎的直径;然后从对应节中间截取1长1.5cm的圆段试块、编号,供测试纤维比量、导管比量、薄壁组织比量和维管束密度用。
2.2临时切片制作
将试样放置在盛有水的烧杯中并浸没在水面下,经微波炉处理至藤皮软化充分后,再经炭蜡(即聚乙二醇)浸渍包埋,切取20~30μm厚的横切面切片待用。
2.3典型解剖特征测量
应用Nikon DS-Fi2数码显微成像系统,从藤芯至藤皮每0.5mm依次分别测量维管束密度VBF、纤维比量PF、导管比量PV及薄壁组织比量PP四种典型解剖特征。
2.4计算藤皮指数DC
以纤维比量(PF)、维管束密度(VBF)的乘积为分子,以导管比量(PV)、薄壁组织比量(PP)的乘积为分母,引入藤皮指数DC概念,以藤皮指数为纵坐标,以切片上藤茎对应的轴心至待测点的距离为横坐标,绘制藤皮指数径向变异曲线,获得如图1所示的结果。
藤皮指数:
2.5结论
从图1中可以看出,藤芯向外虽有增加趋势但较为平缓且值较小、而至藤皮处产生剧烈增大的现象,即在曲线变化平缓且值较小处为棕榈藤藤芯、值较大处为藤皮,而剧烈增大处即为棕榈藤藤皮藤芯分界处了,即8mm处即为藤皮藤芯的分界。
3应用
利用上述方法分别测定小径藤如小白藤(藤茎直径6mm),中径藤如西加省藤(藤茎直径12mm)、黄藤(藤茎直径16mm)、单叶省藤(藤茎直径17mm),以及大径藤如越南粉藤(藤茎直径22mm)、缅甸藤(藤茎直径24mm)等,通过藤皮指数的计算,其藤皮均为藤茎外侧0.5mm厚部分,而其内部均为藤芯。
以上为本发明一种详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程,是以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施,但本发明的保护范围不限于上述的实施例。

Claims (3)

1.一种棕榈藤材藤皮藤芯的区分方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)制样:取待测棕榈藤材,若有藤鞘则剥去藤鞘,从藤茎节间中部截取一段圆段试块,作为试样备用;
(2)临时切片制作:将试样浸没在水中,用微波处理至藤皮软化后,用碳蜡浸渍包埋,最后切取20-30μm厚的横切面切片待用;
(3)典型解剖特征测量:利用数码显微成像系统,从藤芯至藤皮或从藤皮至藤芯沿径向每隔一固定距离测量一次切片的典型解剖特征,所述典型解剖特征包括纤维比量PF、维管束密度VBF、导管比量PV、薄壁组织比量PP
(4)计算藤皮指数DC
绘制藤皮指数径向变异曲线,曲线剧烈变化处即为藤皮藤芯交界处。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种棕榈藤材藤皮藤芯的区分方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中,还包括测定藤茎的直径。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种棕榈藤材藤皮藤芯的区分方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(3)中,由藤芯至藤皮或由藤皮至藤芯沿径向每隔0.5mm或更小的距离测定一次切片的典型解剖特征。
CN201611121561.2A 2016-12-08 2016-12-08 一种棕榈藤材藤皮藤芯的区分方法 Expired - Fee Related CN106596548B (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201611121561.2A CN106596548B (zh) 2016-12-08 2016-12-08 一种棕榈藤材藤皮藤芯的区分方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201611121561.2A CN106596548B (zh) 2016-12-08 2016-12-08 一种棕榈藤材藤皮藤芯的区分方法

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN106596548A CN106596548A (zh) 2017-04-26
CN106596548B true CN106596548B (zh) 2019-03-29

Family

ID=58598544

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201611121561.2A Expired - Fee Related CN106596548B (zh) 2016-12-08 2016-12-08 一种棕榈藤材藤皮藤芯的区分方法

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN106596548B (zh)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110006894A (zh) * 2018-12-13 2019-07-12 康美药业股份有限公司 一种海风藤和石南藤的区分方法
CN110646286B (zh) * 2019-10-10 2022-04-26 安徽农业大学 一种半分式测定棕榈藤材顺纹抗拉强度的方法

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103115924A (zh) * 2013-02-25 2013-05-22 安徽农业大学 棕榈藤材藤龄的判断方法
CN103512884A (zh) * 2013-09-29 2014-01-15 安徽农业大学 一种界定竹黄与竹肉界线的方法

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103115924A (zh) * 2013-02-25 2013-05-22 安徽农业大学 棕榈藤材藤龄的判断方法
CN103512884A (zh) * 2013-09-29 2014-01-15 安徽农业大学 一种界定竹黄与竹肉界线的方法

Non-Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Variation in some anatomical and physical properties of stems of five rattan palm species of Ghana;E.EBANYENLE et al.;《J.Bamboo and Rattan》;20051231;第4卷(第2期);125-142
马尾松材树脂含量与其解剖特征的关系;汪佑宏等;《林业实用技术》;20081231(第11期);第6页,2.3节
高地钩叶藤与钩叶藤组织比量的变异研究;刘杏娥等;《安徽农业大学学报》;20141225;第42卷(第1期);27-30
黄藤发育过程中组织比量的变化;汪佑宏等;《东北林业大学学报》;20100531;第38卷(第5期);第51-52页,1 材料和方法,2 结果与分析
黄藤材发育过程中维管束的变化;刘杏娥等;《西北林学院学报》;20101231;第25卷(第2期);152-155

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN106596548A (zh) 2017-04-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN106596548B (zh) 一种棕榈藤材藤皮藤芯的区分方法
Hu et al. Investigation of the multilayered structure and microfibril angle of different types of bamboo cell walls at the micro/nano level using a LC-PolScope imaging system
CN100542758C (zh) 竹木互补复合材料制造方法
Hamdi et al. X-ray computed microtomography and 2D image analysis for morphological characterization of short lignocellulosic fibers raw materials: a benchmark survey
Wright et al. New evidence for jute (Corchorus capsularis L.) in the Indus civilization
Darwis et al. Morphological Characteristics of Bambusa vulgaris and the Distribution and Shape of Vascular Bundles therein
CN106003331A (zh) 一种藤编工艺品用藤条的防褪色处理工艺
Quilhó et al. Within-tree variation in wood fibre biometry and basic density of the urograndis eucalypt hybrid (Eucalyptus grandis× E. urophylla)
Sheng-zuo et al. Variation of microfibril angle and its correlation to wood properties in poplars
CN103940738B (zh) 一种快速鉴别人参年龄的方法
Jiang et al. Effect of stand and tree attributes on growth and wood quality characteristics from a spacing trial with Populus xiaohei
Ahmed et al. Anatomical, physical, chemical, and biological durability properties of two rattan species of different diameter classes
CN105628466A (zh) 玉米茎秆Micro-CT扫描样品及其制备方法与应用
Wang et al. Variations in fiber morphology and chemical components of Dendrocalamus giganteus
da Conceicao et al. Micromorphology and fractal evaluation of Dinizia excelsa Ducke wood under three different cut conditions by atomic force microscopy
Buonamici et al. Bamboo’s bio-inspired material design through additive manufacturing technologies
Zhang et al. Unraveling the inhibition of bamboo node on dry shrinkage: insights from the specific vascular structure of bamboo node
CN102880138B (zh) 滤棒生产过程能力及企业生产过程能力的测评方法
Sseremba et al. Within-tree and tree-age variation of selected anatomical properties of the wood of Ugandan-grown Eucalyptus grandis
Yu et al. Anatomical and Microstructural Features of Rattan (Calamus caesius).
Magellan et al. Stem anatomy in the spiny American palm Bactris (Arecaceae-Bactridinae)
WILLIAMS et al. Development of the banana fruit and occurrence of the maturity bronzing disorder
Xia Drying and heat treatment process of bamboo strips
Liu et al. A preliminary study of three Chinese wood species for traditional Chinese furniture
Hakim et al. Longitudinal and Radial Variability of Anatomical Properties, Fiber Morphology, and Mechanical Properties of Fibrovascular Bundle from Indonesian Arenga Longipes Mogea. Sp. Nov Frond

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
CB03 Change of inventor or designer information
CB03 Change of inventor or designer information

Inventor after: Wang Youhong

Inventor after: Zhang Feifei

Inventor after: Li Dan

Inventor after: Ji Bichao

Inventor after: Xue Xia

Inventor after: Ren Wei

Inventor after: Xu Bin

Inventor after: Tu Daowu

Inventor after: Zhang Liping

Inventor before: Zhang Feifei

Inventor before: Li Dan

Inventor before: Wang Youhong

Inventor before: Ji Bichao

Inventor before: Xue Xia

Inventor before: Ren Wei

Inventor before: Xu Bin

Inventor before: Tu Daowu

Inventor before: Zhang Liping

GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20190329

Termination date: 20211208