CN106596336B - Visco-elastic polymer elastic turbulence characteristic in porous media determines device and method - Google Patents
Visco-elastic polymer elastic turbulence characteristic in porous media determines device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to visco-elastic polymer, elastic turbulence characteristic determines device and method in porous media, the fluorescence microscope interface of leaning to one side that visco-elastic polymer therein elastic turbulence characteristic in porous media determines device is connected in CCD camera, the saline container connected with oil/water container, polymer solution reservoir, synthesis oil vessel is connected in parallel between the entrance of Micro-metering Pumps Micro-metering Pumps and two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic, two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic is provided with inlet pressure transducer and outlet pressure sensor, the light-conducting arm of micro- visual field particle image speed-measuring system is in the surface of two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic；Micro- visual field particle image speed-measuring system, fluorescence microscope, inlet pressure transducer, outlet pressure sensor are all connected with datagraphic work station.Effectively elastic turbulence phenomenon of the viscous-elastic polymer solution in percolation in porous medium can be identified by the present invention, and to the qualitative and quantitative description of elastic turbulence characteristic.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the experimental provision studied visco-elastic polymer, and in particular to visco-elastic polymer is porous
Elastic turbulence characteristic determines device and method in medium.
Background technology
Oil recovery factor improves in China（EOR）Potential Evaluation and it was verified that chemical flooding be increase recoverable reserves it is main
Method and research direction, account for more than 70% in all EOR methods cover reserves, and wherein driven with visco-elastic polymer
It is most widely used.It is believed that " improve oil and water mobility ratio, and then expand sweep efficiency " is enhancing oil recovery in polymer flooding
Key, " to ' draw, drag ' of silk noil under elastic behavior effect, ' stripping ' to oil film " is then the another of enhancing oil recovery in polymer flooding
One contribution.With polymer flooding target reservoir type gradually from high permeability sandstone oil reservoir to middle-low permeability sandstone oil reservoir,
Conglomerate Reservoir and Complex Fault Block Oil Reservoir are expanded, in addition to the new polymers exploitation that high salt, high-temperature oil reservoir are can adapt to except being conceived to,
To viscous-elastic polymer solution, comprehensive description of micro-flow characteristics also enjoys challenge in porous media, largely makes
About further development of the polymer displacement of reservoir oil method in heterogeneous High water cut saturation degree oil reservoir with application.
For Newtonian fluid, when flow process has larger Reynolds number, according to N-S equations, caused by fluid inertia
Nonlinear effect will strengthen, flowing very universal turbulent phenomenon just occurs（Yang Shuren（Willow people）, Wang
Zhiming（Wang Zhiming）, He Guangyu（He Guangyu）, Cui Haiqing（Cui Haiqing）,Engineering Fluid Mechanics（Engineering fluid mechanics）, 2006）.It is the model that flow of fluid has strong nonlinearity effect to be based on turbulent flow, is closed
It is same with this in the existing nearly 30 years history of understanding of the nonlinear mechanics performance to its shear flow stability influence of non-newtonian fluid
When, the nonlinear mechanics performance of polymer solution has big tensile viscosity and Wei Senboge effects from its high-speed stretch
Aspect has obtained preferable proof, also already uses flowing chaotic on polymeric liquid surface the call of " elastic turbulence "
（Giesekus H. W.,Rheologica Acta, 1968,7:127~138）, but until 2000, just have to elastic turbulence
The authority of flow phenomenon and play-by-play（Groisman A., Steinberg V.,Nature, 2000,405（6782）：53~
55）.But, the discovery and its announcement of this phenomenon are to make use of the rotational flow between two parallel disks, by designing between disk
High curvature ratio, provides the disturbance of original shear flow under more low shear rate, and develops secondary vortex flowing, to show and take off
Show elastic turbulence flow phenomenon.
However, for viscous-elastic polymer solution in any low flow velocity, any many more than polymer coils size
The possibility and its characteristic description that turbulent flow is formed in the medium of hole are not concerned also at present, and well-known polymerization thing drives
Microscopic seepage mechanism and the key of oil displacement efficiency research are the double complexity for considering porous media and non-newtonian fluid, and this is
Because viscous-elastic polymer solution appearance of Complex Phenomena in Vertical Bell Jar in the various shear flows of reservoir pore medium will affect its stream
The distribution of artery line and stability, meanwhile, the relaxation of viscous-elastic polymer solution seepage flow in reservoir pore medium also by
The distribution, change and overlapping of fluidised form between pore cell are formed on, these behaviors undoubtedly can also act on fluid in oil in the displacement of reservoir oil
Seepage flow characteristics and final Flooding Efficiency in Tibetan.Therefore, in view of the percolation flow velocity of oil reservoir is exactly relevant to less flowing Reynolds
Number and the presence of nonlinear elasticity stress can cause viscous-elastic polymer solution it is low flowing Reynolds number under produce elastic turbulence
This property of coincideing, realizes that visco-elastic polymer announcement of elastic turbulence characteristic in porous media has important scientific meaning.
But it is more scarce at present on not accounting for this special flow phenomenon in the research of Polymer Flooding Reservoirs porous media microscopic seepage still
Less to this flow phenomenon and its assay method and device of characteristic, so, a set of visco-elastic polymer is formed in porous media
The assay method of middle elastic turbulence characteristic, and set up corresponding measure device, it has also become tertiary oil recovery, which is significantly taped the latent power, improves oil
The problem of further developing and urgently tackled using one in visco-elastic polymer technology of reservoir sweep under the recovery ratio background of field.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide visco-elastic polymer, elastic turbulence characteristic determines device in porous media, this
Kind of the visco-elastic polymer elastic turbulence characteristic in porous media, which determines device, to be used to solving to ooze existing polymer displacement of reservoir oil is microcosmic
This special flow phenomenon is not considered in the description of stream feature and the explanation of polymer molecule viscoelastic behavior, is especially the absence of means pair
The problem of this flow phenomenon and its characteristic in porous media are sufficiently reproduced with qualitative and quantitative description, of the invention is another
One purpose is to provide the assay method that this visco-elastic polymer elastic turbulence characteristic in porous media determines device.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：This visco-elastic polymer is hit by a bullet in porous media
Property turbulence characteristic determine device include micro- visual field particle image speed-measuring system, two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic, fluorescence microscope,
Micro-metering Pumps, collector, datagraphic work station, fluorescence microscope interface of leaning to one side are connected in CCD camera, with oil/water container
The saline container that connects, polymer solution reservoir, synthesis oil vessel are connected in parallel in Micro-metering Pumps Micro-metering Pumps and two dimension
Between the entrance of netted simulation model of microscopic, two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic is provided with inlet pressure transducer and outlet pressure
Sensor, two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic is arranged on the objective table of fluorescence microscope, micro- visual field particle image speed-measuring system
Light-conducting arm be in two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic surface；Micro- visual field particle image speed-measuring system, fluorescence microscope, enter
Mouth pressure sensor, outlet pressure sensor are all connected with datagraphic work station；
Two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic includes die body and pressure-bearing cover glass, and pressure-bearing cover glass is transparent, pressure-bearing
Cover glass is covered on die body, and die body is the two-dimension netted body that lucite is etched into, and one end of die body is set
There is an entrance, entrance and the entrance in the die body chamber that confluxes are connected, the entrance chamber that confluxes is communicated with multiple entrance channels；Die body
A series of square net of deckle length is formed to simulate the duct of " hole ", random width a series of to simulate " venturi ", wherein
Any one square net is connected the two-dimension netted series of channels of composition with adjacent duct, and any one square net with
Any one duct is designed with entrance channel in 45° angle, and the square net of initiating terminal is connected with corresponding entrance channel, end
The square net at end is connected with corresponding outlet flow, and outlet flow is corresponded with entrance channel, and each outlet flow is equal
Communicated with the outlet chamber that confluxes, conflux chamber connection outlet for outlet.
Die body plane width etches the runners of 1.5 times of quantity of throat radius and entered to be equally spaced in such scheme
Row design, plane length is 3~4 times of plane width；The depth for the two-dimension netted series of channels that " hole " and " venturi " is constituted
Between 98-102 μm；1.5 times of quantity of throat radius are meant that venturi width is random, but by venturi width（Without width
Unit is spent, 1.5 times of numerical value of width is runner quantity）To limit runner quantity, that is, model plane width, otherwise this
Individual micromodel must much just not constrained.
The light-conducting arm of micro- visual field particle image speed-measuring system is universal adjustment formula light-conducting arm, micro- visual field particle in such scheme
Image speed measurement system shoots imaging in 150 μ m, 150 μm of regions；The shooting direction of CCD camera is perpendicular to micro- visual field particle figure
As the pulse sheet laser of velocity-measuring system formation, the combined system of fluorescence microscope and CCD camera constitutes micro-imaging unit, meets
The need for resolving power and wavelength are excited in micro flow.
The above-mentioned visco-elastic polymer assay method that elastic turbulence characteristic determines device in porous media includes：
（One）The geometric parameter of two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic is obtained based on conventional meanses：Cross-sectional area, feature it is long
Degree；Ooze parameter in hole：Absolute permeability, porosity；
（Two）Polymer solution shear flow characteristic parameter in porous media is associated：Pass through inverting power-law fluid seepage flow darcy
Equation is associated to shear flow characteristic parameter, wherein flow（Speed）Correlation with shear rate is：
The correlation of barometric gradient and apparent viscosity is：
In above formula：For apparent shear rate, s-1；For flow, m3/s；For model cross-sectional area, m2；For
Model absolute permeability, m2；For model porosity, %；For constant, obtained from the rheogram of polymer solution, value is 1
Between~15, definite value 2 is taken as；For apparent viscosity, Pa.s；For barometric gradient, Pa/m；
The Reynolds number distribution of reflection nonlinear of the fluid characteristic and its viscous dissipation relation is then determined as the following formula：
In formula,For flowing Reynolds number；For flow velocity, m/s,For flow performance length, m；For dynamic viscosity, m2/
s；
Thus the association to polymer solution shear flow characteristic parameter in porous media is completed；
（Three）Porous media low reynolds number single phase fluid flow：Trace particle is added into prepared certain molecular weight, finite concentration
Polymer solution in, wider flow or flow rates are adjusted by Micro-metering Pumps, from low discharge or flow velocity to high flow capacity
Or flow velocity carries out the single-phase microcosmic of polymer solution in the two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic of external non-contact measurement unit
Seepage flow, under every kind of flow or flow velocity, is regarded using being realized with the micro-imaging unit of micro- visual field particle image speed-measuring system to micro-
The shooting imaging of field, while micro- visual field flowing arteries and veins line under obtaining different amplification, by contrasting under each flow or flow velocity
The flowing arteries and veins line distribution of micro- visual field, intuitively reproduces polymer solution under each Reynolds number " mixed on different time and space scale
It is random " and " disturbance " effect, recognize the presence of elastic turbulence and its corresponding relation with Reynolds number, qualitative description bullet in pore media
The characteristic of property turbulent flow；Auto-correlation or computing cross-correlation are carried out to image array by datagraphic work station, concomitant polymerization is obtained
The trace particle speed of thing solution motion, quantitative response elastic turbulence flow field characteristic；
Meanwhile, using two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic inlet pressure transducer, outlet pressure sensor, in each flow or
Pressure is gathered in flow velocity single phase fluid flow, functional relation of the barometric gradient on flow or flow velocity is set up, based on step（Two）, set up
Reynolds numberWith apparent viscosityBetween relation, or set up apparent shear rateWith apparent viscosityBetween relation, with reference to obtained micro- visual field flowing arteries and veins line distribution characteristics and trace particle velocity perturbation amplitude with it is apparent
ViscosityCorrespondence between changing, sets up turbulent flow formation opportunity and Polymer Solutions In Porous Media is " apparent
The contact that thickening " behavior occurs；
（Four）Repeat step（Three）, determine another molecular weight, the single-phase elasticity in porous media of concentration polymer solution
Turbulence characteristic；
（Five）Repeat step（Three）, the flowing arteries and veins line and flow field velocity of the pure stickiness xanthans of reference substance are determined, is contrasted single-phase
In seepage flow with identical zero shear viscosity visco-elastic polymer on different time, space scale in " confusion " and " disturbance " effect
Difference, completes single phase fluid flow of the polymer solution in porous media under low reynolds number.
The visco-elastic polymer assay method that elastic turbulence characteristic determines device in porous media is also wrapped in such scheme
Include：
Step（Six）Porous media low reynolds number two phase fluid flow：To two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic saturated oils, one is prepared
Molecular weight, certain density polymer solution are determined, using Micro-metering Pumps with step（Three）Wide flow or flow velocity in single phase fluid flow
Narrow flow amount or flow rates under scope under institute's identification elastic turbulence correspondence Reynolds number, from relative low discharge or flow velocity to relatively high
Flow or flow velocity carry out the two of polymer solution-oil in the two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic of external non-contact measurement unit
Phase microscopic seepage, obtains the flowing arteries and veins line image of micro- visual field, by oil droplet color in the micro- visual field of porous media in two phase fluid flow and
The feedback of form recognizes the flow stability of polymer solution in the presence of oil phase, it was demonstrated that the generation of turbulent flow fluidised form, sets up fluidised form
Transformation and the corresponding relation of Reynolds number, further describe elastic turbulence flow field characteristic；
（Seven）Repeat step（Six）, another molecular weight, concentration polymer solution and oily two-phase are determined in porous media
Elastic turbulence characteristic；
（Eight）Repeat step（Six）, carry out the pure stickiness xanthans of reference substance and oily two-phase microscopic seepage, contrast is when different
Between and space scale on " confusion " and " disturbance " effect difference, completion low reynolds number under polymer solution in porous media
Two phase fluid flow.
In such scheme in porous media low reynolds number single phase fluid flow, by methanol and salt solution alternately come to microscopic simulation mould
Type carries out pre-flush and avoids flow process from producing foaming；The trace particle added into polymer solution is 1 μm of average grain diameter
Polystyrene particle.
In such scheme in porous media low reynolds number single phase fluid flow, the adjusting range of micro-measurement pump discharge or flow velocity exists
The μ L/min of 5 μ L/min~80, and the flow by 3~5 μ L/min or flow velocity increase interval.
In such scheme in porous media low reynolds number two phase fluid flow, by methanol and salt solution alternately come to microscopic simulation mould
Type carries out pre-flush and avoids flow process from producing foaming, and also simulation model of microscopic is soaked by silicone oil and salt solution mixing
Property pretreatment, to form dalmatian wettability, build and reservoir pore medium more approximate surface characteristic.
In such scheme in porous media low reynolds number two phase fluid flow, saturated oils in two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic hole
Phase medium in light color, low adhesion dyed into oil, and using oil red egn to it.
Porous media low reynolds number is single-phase in such scheme and two phase fluid flow in, prepare polymer solution for viscoelasticity HPAM
With pure stickiness xanthans for reference, with identical zero shear viscosity, all polymer solutions are all filled before injection
Hydrotropy and the multistage filtering pretreatment divided.
The invention has the advantages that：
（One）The present invention is designed as two-dimensional network structure to simulation model of microscopic, ensure that to the full extent and prototype hole
The similitude of medium, and constitute the grid layout of square hole to be not parallel to sprue regularly arranged, but set in 45° angle
Meter, the influence of the complicated connectivity pair seepage flow of reservoir of porous medium can be reflected as far as possible in model application, meanwhile, the company of runner
Logical design general layout can realize approximate consistent inlet flow rate in pore network, based on the average pore-throat ratio of specific reservoir pore medium
Moulded dimension design, be both beneficial to the elimination of " end effect ", again ensure single-phase and two phase fluid flow during steady flow believe
The acquisition of breath.
（Two）The present invention is based on power-law fluid seepage flow Darcy's equation inverting formula to the shear flow characteristic parameter in porous media
It is associated, is being easy to determine that the low reynolds number matched with flow through oil reservoir speed is interval, and carry out elastic turbulence flowing arteries and veins line
While reproduction, additionally it is possible to set up turbulent flow formation opportunity and the contact of polymer " apparent thickening " behavior appearance in porous media,
It is beneficial to from viscous-elastic polymer solution itself molecule knot in microscopic seepage flowing state transition and elongational flow in pore media
The double angle of structure explains the viscoelastic behavior of molecule, that is, " apparent thickening " induction.
（Three）The feedback of stream field information of the present invention is surveyed using the micro- visual field particle picture for belonging to external non-contact measurement
Speed system, breaks through the limitation of spot measurement and large scale, and micro- visual field PIV pulsed laser light source passes through spherical mirror and cylindrical anamorph
Into pulse sheet laser, so that illuminating needs the flow region of measurement in porous media flow field, so, when two or more instantaneous
Between the flowing of trace particle in tiny flow region is recorded with the high-speed CCD camera shot with sheet laser vertical direction on point
These digitized images are sent into data, graphics workstation, auto-correlation or cross-correlation can be carried out to image array by arteries and veins line image
Computing, obtains the displacement of trace particle in specified time interval, can analyze any in micro- visual field under each time step of acquisition
Square intrapore fluid average speed, obtains the time variation feature of flow field velocity, can be effectively to viscous-elastic polymer solution
Elastic turbulence phenomenon in percolation in porous medium is identified, and ensures the qualitative and quantitative description to elastic turbulence characteristic.
（Four）The present invention determines viscous-elastic polymer solution from porous media low reynolds number single phase fluid flow to two phase fluid flow
Elastic turbulence characteristic, both effectively reduced measure scheme, the measure cycle saved, it is further contemplated that the Consistent Rings with true oil displacement process
Border, is not only able to from identification of the flowing arteries and veins line distribution realization to elastic turbulence fluidised form, and can combine flow field velocity realization pair
Description and sign of the elastic turbulence characteristic from qualitative to quantitative, are also work of the analysis seepage flow fluid stable degree to oil droplet in hole
With mechanism, that is, explain influence of the elastic turbulence to microscopic oil displacement efficiency provide may and means.Meanwhile, single-phase and two
In phase seepage flow, using pure stickiness xanthans as reference substance, it is more conducive to visco-elastic polymer that elasticity is rapid in pore media
The identification of contrasting of stream is described with its characteristic, and the explanation to molecule viscoelastic behavior.
（Five）The present invention is according to occurring some by elastic instability in flow through oil reservoir speed and Viscoelastic Fluid Flow
There is the correlation of Reynolds number when causing special flow phenomenon, reproduce and disclose Polymer Solutions In Porous Media elastic turbulence
Formation and characteristic, methodological science is definite principle, feasible, rational in infrastructure, technical parameter specification, adjustable, can break through tradition to poly-
Compound displacement of reservoir oil micro-flow characteristics describe and polymer molecule viscoelastic behavior are explained the office for being only conceived to molecular structure aspect
Limit, effectively provides the assay method and device of a kind of visco-elastic polymer elastic turbulence characteristic in porous media, scientific, can
It is operational and practical.
（Six）The present invention, which has been filled up in visco-elastic polymer displacement of reservoir oil theory and method foundation, does not consider nonlinear elasticity stress
Can induce in porous media produce elastic turbulence flow behavior and without technology to this it is special flowing behavioural trait carry out reproduce with
The blank of description, can improve for oil field and polymer flooding microscopic seepage images feature is described more fully with oil recovery factor, enriches poly-
Compound mechanism of oil displacement provides beneficial scientific method, means and foundation, the seepage force except can be applied to visco-elastic polymer drive
Outside field, it can also be applied to microscopic seepage and the drive of other chemical displacement of reservoir oil technologies such as binary combination flooding, ternary composite driving
Oily mechanism description is with disclosing field.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of device in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of die body in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is that visco-elastic polymer elastic turbulent flow state in porous media front and rear flowing arteries and veins line occurs；
Fig. 4 is the time variation measurement result of the micro- field of view flow field velocity of square hole；
Fig. 5 is visco-elastic polymer apparent viscosity in porous mediaWith the Reynolds number of flowingChange.
In figure：1 micro- two-dimension netted fluorescence microscope 4 of simulation model of microscopic 3 of visual field particle image speed-measuring system 2
The polymer solution reservoir of 8 saline container of CCD camera 5 inlet pressure transducer, 6 Micro-metering Pumps, 7 oil/water container 9
The workbench 16 of 10 14 light-conducting arm of synthesis oil vessel 11 datagraphic work station, 12 collector, 13 objective table 15 goes out
The entrance of 17 entrance of mouthful pressure sensor 18 confluxes the duct 22 of 19 entrance channel of chamber, 20 square net 21 outlet stream
Road 23 exports the chamber 24 that confluxes and exported.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
As shown in figure 1, this visco-elastic polymer elastic turbulence characteristic in porous media determines device and includes workbench
15th, micro- visual field particle image speed-measuring system 1, two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic 2, fluorescence microscope 3, Micro-metering Pumps 6, collection
Device 12, datagraphic work station 11, micro- visual field particle image speed-measuring system 1 are placed on workbench 15, and fluorescence microscope 3 leans to one side to connect
Mouthful CCD camera 4 is connected in, the saline container 8 that connects with oil/water container 7, polymer solution reservoir 9, synthesis oil vessel 10 are in parallel
Between the entrance for being connected to Micro-metering Pumps 6 and two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic 2, collectively as driving system and driving power
Source；Two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic 2 is provided with inlet pressure transducer 5 and outlet pressure sensor 16, two-dimension netted microcosmic
Simulation model 2 is arranged on the objective table 13 of fluorescence microscope 3, and the light-conducting arm 14 of micro- visual field particle image speed-measuring system 1 is in
The surface of two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic 2；Micro- visual field particle image speed-measuring system 1, fluorescence microscope 3, inlet pressure are passed
Sensor 5, outlet pressure sensor 16 are all connected with datagraphic work station 11, realize data, flow the real-time collection of arteries and veins line image
And the computing of image array, collector 12 accepts the outlet effluent of two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic 2.
The light-conducting arm 14 of micro- visual field particle image speed-measuring system 1 is universal adjustment formula light-conducting arm, and micro- visual field particle picture is surveyed
Speed system 1 shoots imaging in 150 μ m, 150 μm of regions；The shooting direction of CCD camera 4 is surveyed perpendicular to micro- visual field particle picture
The pulse sheet laser of the formation of speed system 1, fluorescence microscope 3 and the combined system of CCD camera 4 constitute micro-imaging unit, meet
The need for resolving power and wavelength are excited in micro flow.
Two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic 2 includes die body and pressure-bearing cover glass, and pressure-bearing cover glass is transparent, pressure-bearing
Cover glass is covered on die body, as shown in Fig. 2 die body is the two-dimension netted body being etched into using lucite, model
One end of main body is provided with entrance 17, and entrance 17 and the entrance in the die body chamber 18 that confluxes are connected, entrance conflux chamber 18 with it is many
Individual entrance channel 19 is communicated；Die body forms a series of square net 20 of deckle length to simulate " hole ", a series of random
The duct 21 of width is to simulate " venturi ", and wherein any one square net 20 is connected with adjacent duct 21 constitutes two dimension
Netted series of channels, and any one square net 20 and any one duct 21 with entrance channel 19 in 45° angle design, rise
The square net 20 at top is connected with corresponding entrance channel 19, the square net 20 of end and the corresponding phase of outlet flow 22
Connection, outlet flow 22 corresponded with entrance channel 19, and each outlet flow 22 chamber 23 that confluxes with outlet is communicated, outlet remittance
Flow the connection outlet 24 of chamber 23.
Two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic 2 using specific reservoir pore medium as prototype, using lucite etch it is microcosmic
Die body is a series of square space structure of deckle length of simulation " hole " and a series of random width of simulation " venturi "
Square space connected unit, these netted " holes " and " venturi " constitute depth in 100 μm or so of series of channels, square opening
Grid layout and the sprue of gap are designed in 45° angle, can reflect reservoir of porous medium complexity in being applied in model as far as possible even
Influence of the general character to seepage flow, depth is connected on model arrival end and port of export single channel institute in 100 μm or so of series of channels
The series of parallel runner of insertion, to ensure in pore network approximate consistent inlet flow rate, meanwhile, die body plane width with
It can be equally spaced and etch the runners of 1.5 times of quantity of throat radius and be designed, die body plane length is taken as plane
3~4 times of width, to ensure in flow event the elimination of " end effect " and the acquisition of steady flow information.
Viscous-elastic polymer solution different flow is monitored by high-precision pressure sensor in the present invention（Speed）Microscopic seepage
In the two-dimension netted two ends of simulation model of microscopic 2 barometric gradient, using power-law fluid seepage flow Darcy's equation inverting formula obtain it is porous
The apparent viscosity of viscous-elastic polymer solution in medium.
It is used as piston by Micro-metering Pumps 6 by containing white oil in oil/water container 7 in the present invention and drives aqueous phase or polymer
Solution, by contain deionized water be used as piston by Micro-metering Pumps 6 drive in oil phase, and polymer solution reservoir 9 add
The polystyrene that 1 μm of average grain diameter synthesizes and oil red egn is added in oil vessel 10 to the progress of light artificial oil as trace particle
Dyeing.
The method that the present invention determines visco-elastic polymer elastic turbulence characteristic in porous media：
（One）Using known average pore radius, average pore-throat ratio specific reservoir pore medium as prototype, using organic glass
Glass is etched in two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic 2, etching, and die body forms a series of square space structure of deckle length with mould
Intend " hole ", a series of square space connected unit of random width to simulate " venturi ", these netted " holes " and " venturi "
Just the series of channels of certain certain depth is constituted.The series of channels being made up of pore network is connected on and model arrival end and outlet
The series of parallel runner of single channel institute insertion is held, meanwhile, grid layout and the sprue of square hole are designed in 45° angle, model
Plane width etches the runners of 1.5 times of quantity of throat radius and is designed that can be equally spaced, and plane length is then taken as
3~4 times of plane width, afterwards, are sealed using the pressure-bearing cover glass of same material, and the several of model are obtained based on conventional meanses
What parameter（Cross-sectional area, characteristic length）Parameter is oozed with hole（Absolute permeability；Porosity）, and then working as has fluid to exist
When being flowed in the two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic 2 of the visualization, flow field just can be realized by means of external non-contact measurement means
Digitalized image and fluidal texture information feedback.Thus the structure design of two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic 2 is completed.
（Two）Shear flow characteristic parameter is associated by inverting power-law fluid seepage flow Darcy's equation, wherein flow（Speed）
Correlation with shear rate is：
The correlation of barometric gradient and apparent viscosity is：
In above formula：For apparent shear rate, s-1；For flow, m3/s；For model cross-sectional area, m2；For mould
Type absolute permeability, m2；For model porosity, %；For constant, it can be obtained from the rheogram of polymer solution, value is 1
Between~15, definite value 2 is typically taken as；For apparent viscosity, Pa.s；For barometric gradient, Pa/m.
The Reynolds number distribution of reflection nonlinear of the fluid characteristic and its viscous dissipation relation is then determined as the following formula：
In formula,For flowing Reynolds number；For flow velocity, m/s,For flow performance length, m；For dynamic viscosity, m2/
s。
Thus the efficient association to polymer solution shear flow characteristic parameter in porous media is completed.
（Three）The two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic 2 for completing structure design is placed on objective table 13, and in its entrance stream
High-precision pressure sensor is connected on road 19, outlet flow 22, trace particle prepared certain molecular weight is added to, certain
In the polymer solution that the abundant hydrotropy of process of concentration, filtering are pre-processed, it is added in polymer solution reservoir 9, switches jointly
Device valve group, check device flow, according to the polymer solution Reynolds number that seepage flow is likely to occur in actual reservoir pore medium
Scope, the white oil contained using in oil/water container 7 adjusts corresponding wider flow as piston by Micro-metering Pumps 6（Speed）Model
Enclose, from low discharge（Speed）To high flow capacity（Speed）It is enterprising in the two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic 2 of external non-contact measurement unit
The single-phase microscopic seepage of row polymer solution, turn-on data graphics workstation 11, in every kind of flow（Speed）Under, using with it is external micro-
The fluorescence microscope 3 and high-speed CCD camera 4 that visual field PIV 1 is assembled realize that the shooting to micro- visual field is imaged, and are obtaining different amplifications
Under multiple while micro- visual field flowing arteries and veins line, by contrasting each flow（Speed）Under micro- visual field the distribution of flowing arteries and veins line, it is directly perceived to reproduce
In " confusion " and " disturbance " effect of polymer solution on different time and space scale under each Reynolds number, identification pore media
The presence of elastic turbulence and its corresponding relation with Reynolds number, the characteristic of qualitative description elastic turbulence；Worked by datagraphic
11 pairs of image arrays of standing carry out auto-correlation or computing cross-correlation, obtain the trace particle speed of concomitant polymerization thing solution motion, fixed
Amount reflection elastic turbulence flow field characteristic.The outlet effluent of two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic 2 is received using collector 12.
Meanwhile, gather each flow using datagraphic work station 11（Speed）Two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic in single phase fluid flow
The pressure signal of 2 entrance channels 19, the high-precision pressure sensor of outlet flow 22, obtains pressure data data, sets up pressure ladder
Degree is on flow（Speed）Functional relation, based on step（Two）, just can set up Reynolds number（Or apparent shear rate）
With apparent viscosityBetween relation, with reference to obtained micro- visual field flowing arteries and veins line distribution characteristics and trace particle velocity perturbation amplitude
With apparent viscosityCorrespondence between changing, you can set up turbulent flow formation opportunity and polymer in porous media
The contact that solution " apparent thickening " behavior occurs.
（Four）Repeat step（Three）, the single-phase bullet in porous media of another molecular weight, concentration polymer solution can be determined
Property turbulence characteristic.
（Five）Repeat step（Three）, the flowing arteries and veins line and flow field velocity of the pure stickiness xanthans of reference substance are determined, is contrasted single-phase
In seepage flow with identical zero shear viscosity visco-elastic polymer on different time, space scale in " confusion " and " disturbance " effect
Difference.
Thus single phase fluid flow of the polymer solution in porous media under low reynolds number is completed.
（Six）It is added to after being dyed using oil red egn to light artificial oil in synthesis oil vessel 10, switching device
Valve group, check device flow, the deionized water contained using in oil/water container 7 is piston, by Micro-metering Pumps 6 with low discharge
（Speed）Driving, saturated oils is carried out to two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic 2；Prepare and pre-processed certain molecular weight, finite concentration
Polymer solution, in polymer solution reservoir 9 is added to after adding trace particle, using Micro-metering Pumps 6 with step
（Three）Wide flow in single phase fluid flow（Speed）Narrow flow amount under scope under institute's identification elastic turbulence correspondence Reynolds number（Speed）Scope, slave phase
To low discharge（Speed）To relative high flow capacity（Speed）It is equipped with outside in the two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic 2 of non-contact measurement unit
The two-phase microscopic seepage of polymer solution-oil is carried out, step is same as（Three）, it is aobvious by micro- visual field PIV 1 and its fluorescence assembled
Micro mirror 3 and high-speed CCD camera 4 obtain the flowing arteries and veins line image of micro- visual field, by oily in the micro- visual field of porous media in two phase fluid flow
The feedback of pearl color and form recognizes the flow stability of polymer solution in the presence of oil phase, and supplement confirms the production of turbulent flow fluidised form
It is raw, the corresponding relation of flowing state transition and Reynolds number is set up, elastic turbulence flow field characteristic is further described.Received using collector 12
The outlet effluent of two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic 2 in two phase fluid flow.
（Seven）Repeat step（Six）, another molecular weight, concentration polymer solution and oily two-phase can be determined in porous media
Elastic turbulence characteristic.
（Eight）Repeat step（Six）, carry out the pure stickiness xanthans of reference substance and oily two-phase microscopic seepage, contrast is when different
Between and space scale on " confusion " and " disturbance " effect difference.
Thus two phase fluid flow of the polymer solution in porous media under low reynolds number is completed.
This invention is relevant to less flowing Reynolds number for the percolation flow velocity of actual oil reservoir, and nonlinear elasticity stress
In the presence of this agreeing with property that viscoelastic fluid can be caused to produce elastic turbulence under low flowing Reynolds number, the first step is flow field flow
The feedback of structural information is founded cuts in the micromodel similar in appearance to oil reservoir prototype pore media, second step efficient association porous media
The various features parameter of stream is cut, the 3rd step is to include the interval interior flowing arteries and veins line imaging of low reynolds number, flow field velocity and apparent viscosity
Quantification and qualification parameter acquiring inside, is to carry out special flow phenomenon discovery, description and the key characterized, the 4th step is
Confirmation and work supplement to the 3rd step, are achieved in the survey to visco-elastic polymer elastic turbulence characteristic in porous media
It is fixed.
Confidentiality is tested：
Entered using elastic turbulence characteristic measurement method and device of the visco-elastic polymer of the present invention in porous media
Confidentiality experiment is gone：With absolute permeability 2000 × 10-3µm2, porosity 28% reservoir pore medium be prototype, design side
The two-dimension netted microscopic simulation that shape " hole " length of side is 200 μm, porosity communication unit venturi random distribution width is 60~100 μm
Model（Long 130mm × wide 40mm）, its network structure " hole " and " venturi " constitute the runner that depth is 100 μm；Using molecule
19,000,000, concentration 1400mg/L viscoelasticity HPAM solution is measured, and it is 1 μm of polystyrene spike grain to add particle diameter thereto
Son.
In the wide flow of low reynolds number（Speed）In the range of clearly have identified elasticity of the visco-elastic polymer in porous media
Turbulent flow fluidised form, while directly perceived reproduced from steady flow to the transformation to " confusion " and " disturbance ", micro- visual field stream as shown in Figure 3
Artery line：
Flow field velocity measurement result such as Fig. 4 of quantitative description elastic turbulence characteristic, meanwhile, by testing collection microscopic seepage
In barometric gradient change and the association to shear flow characteristic parameter, obtained such as Fig. 5 Reynolds numbersWith apparent viscosityBetween relation.
Two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic 2 carries out alternately flushing using methanol and salt solution in advance in above-mentioned confidentiality experiment.
Viscoelasticity HPAM solution is prepared for salinity 468.7mg/L clear water in the experiment of above-mentioned confidentiality, 25 DEG C of temperature,
10s-1Viscosity under shearing rate is 90.6mPa.s, and filtering pretreatment is carried out using G3 sand core funnels before injection.
Fig. 3 obtained from the experiment of above-mentioned confidentiality, in flowQ=10 μ L/min, Reynolds numberRe=1.62×10-3When,
Flowing arteries and veins line stabilization of the viscous-elastic polymer solution in microscopic seepage, belongs to the steady seepage dominated with polymer stickiness, and
Work as flowQ=30 μ L/min, Reynolds numberRe=4.86×10-3When, it is a certain degree of mixed that disturbance, alternation sum substantially occurs in flowing arteries and veins line
Disorderly, the polymer solution turbulent flow fluidised form induced with nonlinear elasticity stress is formed, and showing can be effective with technical solution of the present invention
The elastic turbulence flow behavior that identification viscous-elastic polymer solution is produced in pore media, and it is low from qualitative aspect directviewing description
Elastic turbulence characteristic of the visco-elastic polymer in porous media under Reynolds number；The Fig. 4 obtained from the experiment of above-mentioned confidentiality,
There is viscous-elastic polymer solution corresponding flow field velocity time variation during stationary flow artery line can ignore in microscopic seepage, and
There is significant time variation feature after turbulent flow fluidised form is changed into, showing can be from flow field velocity angle of distribution with technical solution of the present invention
Degree realizes the quantitative description to visco-elastic polymer elastic turbulence characteristic in porous media.Meanwhile, from the experiment of above-mentioned confidentiality
Obtained Fig. 5 is combined visible, Polymer Solutions In Porous Media apparent viscosity with Fig. 3, Fig. 4Increase opportunity,
Be exactly so-called " apparent thickening " in opportunity, with its flow event the formation of elastic turbulence there is correspondence, producing, elasticity is rapid
The low reynolds number of stream is interval, and " the apparent thickening " of polymer solution is accordingly induced, and shows to be drawn with technical solution of the present invention
Stretch in flowing on the basis of polymer book molecular structure feature, further polymerize from the transformation interpretation of microscopic seepage fluidised form
The viscoelastic behavior of thing molecule.
In a word, above-mentioned confidentiality experiment shows that technical solution of the present invention can solve viscous-elastic polymer solution in pore media
In produced by elastic turbulence flow behavior identification with reproducing problem, can qualitative, quantitatively be combined to determine viscoelasticity polymerization
Elastic turbulence characteristic of the thing in porous media, so that help to expand Polymer Flooding Reservoirs porous media microscopic seepage theory,
The abundant explanation to polymer flood, promotes the further development and application of visco-elastic polymer technology of reservoir sweep.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of visco-elastic polymer elastic turbulence characteristic in porous media determines device, including micro- visual field particle image velocimetry
System（1）, two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic（2）, fluorescence microscope（3）, Micro-metering Pumps（6）, collector（12）, datagram
Shape work station（11）, fluorescence microscope（3）Interface of leaning to one side is connected in CCD camera（4）, with oil/water container（7）The salt water capacity connected
Device（8）, polymer solution reservoir（9）, synthesis oil vessel（10）It is connected in parallel in Micro-metering Pumps（6）With it is two-dimension netted microcosmic imitative
True mode（2）Entrance（17）Between, fluorescence microscope（3）Connect datagraphic work station（11）, it is characterised in that：Described
Two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic（2）It is provided with inlet pressure transducer（5）And outlet pressure sensor（16）, it is two-dimension netted micro-
See simulation model（2）It is arranged on fluorescence microscope（3）Objective table（13）On, micro- visual field particle image speed-measuring system（1）Lead
Light arm（14）In two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic（2）Surface；Micro- visual field particle image speed-measuring system（1）, entrance pressure
Force snesor（5）, outlet pressure sensor（16）It is all connected with datagraphic work station（11）；
Two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic includes die body and pressure-bearing cover glass, and pressure-bearing cover glass is transparent, pressure cap glass
Piece is covered on die body, and die body is the two-dimension netted body that is etched into of lucite, one end of die body be provided with into
Mouthful（17）, entrance（17）Conflux chamber with the entrance in die body（18）Connection, entrance confluxes chamber（18）With multiple entrance channels
（19）Communicate；Die body forms a series of square net of deckle length（20）To simulate " hole ", a series of random width
Duct（21）To simulate " venturi ", wherein any one square net（20）With adjacent duct（21）The composition that is connected two dimension
Netted series of channels, and any one square net（20）With any one duct（21）And entrance channel（19）In 45° angle
Design, the square net of initiating terminal（20）With corresponding entrance channel（19）It is connected, the square net of end（20）With it is corresponding
Outlet flow（22）It is connected, outlet flow（22）With entrance channel（19）Correspond, each outlet flow（22）With
Conflux chamber for outlet（23）Communicate, conflux chamber for outlet（23）Connection outlet（24）.
2. visco-elastic polymer according to claim 1 elastic turbulence characteristic in porous media determines device, its feature
It is：Described die body plane width etches the runners of 1.5 times of quantity of throat radius and is designed to be equally spaced,
Plane length is 3~4 times of plane width；The depth for the two-dimension netted series of channels that " hole " and " venturi " is constituted is in 98-102
Between μm.
3. visco-elastic polymer according to claim 2 elastic turbulence characteristic in porous media determines device, its feature
It is：Described micro- visual field particle image speed-measuring system（1）Light-conducting arm（14）For universal adjustment formula light-conducting arm, micro- visual field particle
Image speed measurement system（1）Imaging is shot in 150 μ m, 150 μm of regions；CCD camera（4）Shooting direction perpendicular to micro- visual field
Particle image speed-measuring system（1）The pulse sheet laser of formation, fluorescence microscope（3）With CCD camera（4）Combined system constitute it is aobvious
Micro- imaging unit.
4. a kind of elastic turbulence characteristic in porous media of the visco-elastic polymer described in claim 3 determines the measure side of device
Method, it is characterised in that：This visco-elastic polymer assay method that elastic turbulence characteristic determines device in porous media includes：
（One）The geometric parameter of two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic is obtained based on conventional meanses：Cross-sectional area, characteristic length
；Ooze parameter in hole：Absolute permeability, porosity；
（Two）Polymer solution shear flow characteristic parameter in porous media is associated：Pass through inverting power-law fluid seepage flow Darcy's equation
Shear flow characteristic parameter is associated, wherein flow or flow velocity and the correlation of shear rate is：
The correlation of barometric gradient and apparent viscosity is：
In above formula：For apparent shear rate, s-1；For flow, m3/s；For model cross-sectional area, m2；It is exhausted for model
To permeability, m2；For model porosity, %；For constant, obtained from the rheogram of polymer solution, value 1~15 it
Between, it is taken as definite value 2；For apparent viscosity, Pa.s；For barometric gradient, Pa/m；
The Reynolds number distribution of reflection nonlinear of the fluid characteristic and its viscous dissipation relation is then determined as the following formula：
In formula,For flowing Reynolds number；For flow velocity, m/s,For flow performance length, m；For dynamic viscosity, m2/s；
Thus the association to polymer solution shear flow characteristic parameter in porous media is completed；
（Three）Porous media low reynolds number single phase fluid flow：Trace particle is added into prepared certain molecular weight, it is certain density poly-
In polymer solution, pass through Micro-metering Pumps（6）The wider flow of adjustment or flow rates, from low discharge or flow velocity to high flow capacity or
Two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic of the flow velocity in external non-contact measurement unit（2）It is upper to carry out the single-phase microcosmic of polymer solution
Seepage flow, under every kind of flow or flow velocity, using with micro- visual field particle image speed-measuring system（1）Micro-imaging unit realize to micro-
The shooting imaging of visual field, while micro- visual field flowing arteries and veins line under obtaining different amplification, by contrasting each flow or flow velocity
Under micro- visual field the distribution of flowing arteries and veins line, intuitively reproduce under each Reynolds number polymer solution on different time and space scale
The presence of elastic turbulence and its corresponding relation with Reynolds number, qualitative to retouch in " confusion " and " disturbance " effect, identification pore media
State the characteristic of elastic turbulence；Pass through datagraphic work station（11）Auto-correlation or computing cross-correlation are carried out to image array, obtained
The trace particle speed of concomitant polymerization thing solution motion, quantitative response elastic turbulence flow field characteristic；
Meanwhile, utilize two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic（2）Inlet pressure transducer（5）, outlet pressure sensor（16）, each
Pressure is gathered in flow or flow velocity single phase fluid flow, functional relation of the barometric gradient on flow or flow velocity is set up, based on step
（Two）, set up Reynolds numberWith apparent viscosityBetween relation, or set up apparent shear rateWith it is apparent
ViscosityBetween relation, with reference to obtained micro- visual field flowing arteries and veins line distribution characteristics and trace particle velocity perturbation amplitude
With apparent viscosityCorrespondence between changing, sets up turbulent flow formation opportunity and polymer in porous media is molten
The contact that liquid " apparent thickening " behavior occurs；
（Four）Repeat step（Three）, determine another molecular weight, the single-phase elastic turbulence in porous media of concentration polymer solution
Characteristic；
（Five）Repeat step（Three）, the flowing arteries and veins line and flow field velocity of the pure stickiness xanthans of reference substance are determined, single phase fluid flow is contrasted
In difference with identical zero shear viscosity visco-elastic polymer on different time, space scale in " confusion " and " disturbance " effect
Not, single phase fluid flow of the polymer solution in porous media under low reynolds number is completed.
5. visco-elastic polymer according to claim 4 elastic turbulence characteristic in porous media determines the measure side of device
Method, it is characterised in that：Described visco-elastic polymer elastic turbulence characteristic in porous media determines the assay method of device also
Including：
Step（Six）Porous media low reynolds number two phase fluid flow：To two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic（2）Saturated oils, is prepared certain
Molecular weight, certain density polymer solution, utilize Micro-metering Pumps（6）With step（Three）Wide flow or flow velocity in single phase fluid flow
Narrow flow amount or flow rates under scope under institute's identification elastic turbulence correspondence Reynolds number, from relative low discharge or flow velocity to relatively high
The two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic of flow or flow velocity in external non-contact measurement unit（2）Upper progress polymer solution-oil
Two-phase microscopic seepage, obtain the flowing arteries and veins line image of micro- visual field, pass through oil droplet face in the micro- visual field of porous media in two phase fluid flow
The feedback of color and form recognizes the flow stability of polymer solution in the presence of oil phase, it was demonstrated that the generation of turbulent flow fluidised form, sets up
The corresponding relation of flowing state transition and Reynolds number, further describes elastic turbulence flow field characteristic；
（Seven）Repeat step（Six）, determine the elasticity of another molecular weight, concentration polymer solution with oily two-phase in porous media
Turbulence characteristic；
（Eight）Repeat step（Six）, carry out the pure stickiness xanthans of reference substance and oily two-phase microscopic seepage, contrast in different time and
" confusion " and " disturbance " effect difference on space scale, completes two-phase of the polymer solution in porous media under low reynolds number
Seepage flow.
6. visco-elastic polymer according to claim 5 elastic turbulence characteristic in porous media determines the measure side of device
Method, it is characterised in that：In described porous media low reynolds number single phase fluid flow, by methanol and salt solution alternately come to microscopic simulation
Model carries out pre-flush and avoids flow process from producing foaming；The trace particle added into polymer solution is the μ of average grain diameter 1
M polystyrene particle.
7. visco-elastic polymer according to claim 6 elastic turbulence characteristic in porous media determines the measure side of device
Method, it is characterised in that：In described porous media low reynolds number single phase fluid flow, the adjusting range of micro-measurement pump discharge or flow velocity
In the μ L/min of 5 μ L/min~80, and the flow by 3~5 μ L/min or flow velocity increase interval.
8. visco-elastic polymer according to claim 7 elastic turbulence characteristic in porous media determines the measure side of device
Method, it is characterised in that：In described porous media low reynolds number two phase fluid flow, by methanol and salt solution alternately come to microscopic simulation
Model carries out pre-flush and avoids flow process from producing foaming, and also simulation model of microscopic is moistened by silicone oil and salt solution mixing
Moist pretreatment, to form dalmatian wettability, builds and reservoir pore medium more approximate surface characteristic.
9. visco-elastic polymer according to claim 8 elastic turbulence characteristic in porous media determines the measure side of device
Method, it is characterised in that：In described porous media low reynolds number two phase fluid flow, two-dimension netted simulation model of microscopic（2）In hole
Saturation oil-phase medium in light color, low adhesion dyed into oil, and using oil red egn to it.
10. visco-elastic polymer according to claim 9 elastic turbulence characteristic in porous media determines the measure of device
Method, it is characterised in that：Described porous media low reynolds number is single-phase and two phase fluid flow in, prepare polymer solution for viscoelasticity
HPAM and for reference, pure stickiness xanthans with identical zero shear viscosity, all polymer solutions all enter before injection
The sufficient hydrotropy of row and multistage filtering pretreatment.
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