CN106596100B - A kind of four-step machine tool chief axis elasticity modulus lossless detection method and device - Google Patents
A kind of four-step machine tool chief axis elasticity modulus lossless detection method and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种四阶梯机床主轴弹性模量无损检测方法及装置。通过有限元分析和响应面分析法得到四阶梯机床主轴脉冲激振检测弹性模量的经验公式，建立四阶梯机床主轴弹性模量、几何尺寸和弯曲频率的关系，进而通过力锤在四阶梯机床主轴一端激励，另一端用加速度传感器拾取加速度信号，通过快速傅里叶变换获得一阶弯曲共振频率，与待检测四阶梯机床主轴的几何尺寸作为经验公式的输入，最后计算出弹性模量。本发明能克经典脉冲激振检测弹性模量标准方法需要制备矩形截面样件的缺点，适合于实际工作状况下四阶梯机床主轴弹性模量无损检测；只需要通过简单的力锤激振实验，并只依据一个公式，快速给出四阶梯机床主轴弹性模量值。
The invention relates to a method and device for non-destructive testing of the elastic modulus of a main shaft of a four-step machine tool. Through the finite element analysis and response surface analysis method, the empirical formula for the elastic modulus of the spindle pulse excitation of the four-step machine tool is obtained, and the relationship between the elastic modulus, the geometric size and the bending frequency of the four-step machine tool spindle is established, and then the force hammer is used on the four-step machine tool. One end of the spindle is excited, and the other end uses an acceleration sensor to pick up the acceleration signal. The first-order bending resonance frequency is obtained through the fast Fourier transform, and the geometric dimensions of the four-step machine tool spindle to be tested are used as the input of the empirical formula, and finally the elastic modulus is calculated. The present invention can overcome the shortcomings of the standard method of classical pulse excitation detection elastic modulus that requires the preparation of a rectangular section sample, and is suitable for the non-destructive detection of the elastic modulus of the main shaft of the four-step machine tool under actual working conditions; only through a simple hammer excitation test, And based on only one formula, the elastic modulus value of the four-step machine tool spindle is quickly given.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于机械结构无损检测技术领域，涉及一种四阶梯机床主轴弹性模量无损检测方法及装置。The invention belongs to the technical field of non-destructive testing of mechanical structures, and relates to a method and device for non-destructive testing of elastic modulus of a main shaft of a four-step machine tool.
背景技术Background technique
目前，随着国家经济的飞速发展，社会对装备的需求日益扩大。作为装备关键核心部件设计制造，数值模拟成为一种日臻成熟的设计制造过程分析手段。然而，目前普遍存在仿而不真的瓶颈问题，迫切需要真实结构件力学参数，而弹性模量是关键的力学参数。若能通过无损检测方法，获得特定结构的弹性模量，将为其数值模拟提供可靠的力学参数，具有非常重要的意义。At present, with the rapid development of the national economy, the society's demand for equipment is expanding day by day. As the design and manufacture of key core components of equipment, numerical simulation has become an increasingly mature analysis method for the design and manufacture process. However, at present, the bottleneck problem of incomplete simulation is common, and the mechanical parameters of real structural parts are urgently needed, and the elastic modulus is a key mechanical parameter. If the elastic modulus of a specific structure can be obtained through non-destructive testing methods, it will provide reliable mechanical parameters for its numerical simulation, which is of great significance.
脉冲激振法是一种号称无损检测方法，通过试样(矩形截面标准试样)固有频率、尺寸和质量来获取材料杨氏模量、剪切模量、泊松比的一种方法。脉冲激振法(ImpulseExcitation Technique)是指通过合适的外力给定试样某一特定位置一个连续的脉冲激振信号，当激振信号中的某一频率与试样的固有频率相一致时，产生共振，此时振幅最大，延时最长，通过测量传感器接收该振动信号，然后通过数据的分析处理获得试样的固有频率，该固有频率依据试样的振动方式不同而获得不同类型的频率，如弯曲频率、扭曲频率等，然后由标准试样的经验公式计算得出其杨氏模量E、剪切模量G、泊松比及阻尼比等。目前脉冲激振法已被广泛应用于研究与质量控制领域，适用于各种固体材料，如金属、合金、陶瓷、玻璃、耐火材料、石墨等等，是目前世界上公认的先进的非接触测定各种材料弹性模量的一种理想检测方法。The pulse excitation method is a so-called non-destructive testing method. It is a method to obtain the Young's modulus, shear modulus and Poisson's ratio of the material through the natural frequency, size and quality of the sample (rectangular cross-section standard sample). Impulse Excitation Technique (Impulse Excitation Technique) refers to a continuous pulse excitation signal given to a specific position of the sample by an appropriate external force. When a certain frequency in the excitation signal is consistent with the natural frequency of the sample, a Resonance, at this time, the amplitude is the largest and the delay is the longest. The vibration signal is received by the measuring sensor, and then the natural frequency of the sample is obtained through data analysis and processing. The natural frequency obtains different types of frequencies depending on the vibration mode of the sample. Such as bending frequency, twisting frequency, etc., and then calculate its Young's modulus E, shear modulus G, Poisson's ratio and damping ratio by the empirical formula of the standard sample. At present, the pulse excitation method has been widely used in the field of research and quality control, and is suitable for various solid materials, such as metals, alloys, ceramics, glass, refractory materials, graphite, etc., and is currently recognized as an advanced non-contact measurement in the world. An ideal test method for elastic modulus of various materials.
然而，脉冲激振法并非严格意义上的无损检测方法，仅适合矩形截面标准试样，标准试样本身具有特定的几何尺寸要求。针对工作条件恶劣、环境振动噪声大、并且运行中的四阶梯机床主轴，几何形状并非标准试样，不可能用现有的脉冲激振法进行快速检测，因此，目前尚无报道。However, the pulse excitation method is not a non-destructive testing method in the strict sense, it is only suitable for standard specimens with rectangular cross-sections, and the standard specimens themselves have specific geometric requirements. For the four-step machine tool spindle with harsh working conditions, high environmental vibration and noise, and running, the geometric shape is not a standard sample, and it is impossible to use the existing pulse excitation method for rapid detection. Therefore, there is no report yet.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了克服以上的技术不足，本发明提供一种四阶梯机床主轴弹性模量无损检测方法及装置。In order to overcome the above technical deficiencies, the present invention provides a non-destructive testing method and device for elastic modulus of the main shaft of a four-step machine tool.
本发明提供一种四阶梯机床主轴弹性模量无损检测方法，其步骤如下：The invention provides a method for non-destructive testing of the elastic modulus of a four-step machine tool spindle, the steps of which are as follows:
1)通过有限元分析和响应面分析法得到四阶梯机床主轴脉冲激振检测弹性模量的经验公式，建立四阶梯机床主轴弹性模量、几何尺寸和第一阶弯曲固有频率的关系；1) Obtain the empirical formula for the elastic modulus of the four-step machine tool spindle pulse excitation detection through finite element analysis and response surface analysis, and establish the relationship between the four-step machine tool spindle elastic modulus, geometric dimensions and the first-order bending natural frequency;
2)在距离两端面均为0.224L处用用弹性金属线悬吊起四阶梯机床主轴，其中L＝l1+l2+l3+l4为主轴总长度，l1，l2，l3，l4分别为四阶梯轴长度；2) Suspend the spindle of the four-step machine tool with elastic metal wire at a distance of 0.224L from both ends, where L=l 1 +l 2 +l 3 +l 4 is the total length of the spindle, l 1 , l 2 , l 3 , l 4 are the lengths of the four-step axis respectively;
3)通过力锤在四阶梯机床主轴右端激励，而在左端用加速度传感器拾取加速度信号，并通过快速傅里叶变换获得第一阶弯曲固有频率f；3) Excite the right end of the main shaft of the four-step machine tool through a force hammer, and pick up the acceleration signal with an acceleration sensor at the left end, and obtain the first-order bending natural frequency f through fast Fourier transform;
4)将第一阶弯曲固有频率f与待检测四阶梯机床主轴的几何尺寸R1，R2，R3，R4，通过步骤1)中的关系，获得弹性模量E*。4) The elastic modulus E* is obtained through the relationship between the first-order bending natural frequency f and the geometric dimensions R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 of the spindle of the four-step machine tool to be tested in step 1).
步骤1)中的步骤如下：对模拟的四阶梯机床主轴进行多次模态频率计算，获得第一阶弯曲固有频率f，并对获得第一阶弯曲固有频率f进行BBD响应面分析，获得弹性模量预测值E*与几何尺寸R1、R2、R3、R4和第一阶弯曲固有频率f的关系，The steps in step 1) are as follows: Perform multiple modal frequency calculations on the simulated four-step machine tool spindle to obtain the first-order bending natural frequency f, and perform BBD response surface analysis on the first-order bending natural frequency f to obtain the elastic The relationship between the predicted modulus E* and the geometric dimensions R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and the first-order bending natural frequency f,
E*＝2.15196×1011-2.15307×1013R1-2.02443×1013R2-1.70041×1012R3+6.24694×1012R4+3835003975f-9.04594×1014R1R2-67759500560R1f-4.07318×1014R2R4-82762415004R2f-9.40012×1013R3R4-15201689270R3f+32685835169R4f+1.1947×1015R1 2+1.11873×1015R2 2+1.15113×1014R3 2+6.08567×1013R4 2+2536349.853f2，E*＝2.15196×10 11 -2.15307×10 13 R 1 -2.02443×10 13 R 2 -1.70041×10 12 R 3 +6.24694×10 12 R 4 +3835003975f-9.04594×10 14 R 1 R 2 -67750R 10 14 -4.07318×10 14 R 2 R 4 -82762415004R 2 f-9.40012×10 13 R 3 R 4 -15201689270R 3 f+32685835169R 4 f+1.1947×10 15 R 1 2 +1.11873×10 15 R 10 1 2 +3 14 R 3 2 +6.08567×10 13 R 4 2 +2536349.853f 2 ,
其中R1，R2，R3，R4分别为四阶梯轴半径。Among them, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are respectively the radius of the four-step shaft.
步骤3)中将拾取的加速度信号经过信号调理器放大、数字采样、滤波处理，并将得到数字信号输入到计算机，通过计算机进行快速傅里叶变化。In step 3), the picked-up acceleration signal is amplified by a signal conditioner, digitally sampled, and filtered, and the obtained digital signal is input to a computer for fast Fourier transformation.
一种基于四阶梯机床主轴弹性模量无损检测方法的装置，其包括：A device based on a non-destructive testing method for elastic modulus of a four-step machine tool spindle, which includes:
若干根弹性金属线，用于固定待测四阶梯机床主轴，且所固定位置分别为离两端面0.224L的位置；A number of elastic metal wires are used to fix the spindle of the four-step machine tool to be tested, and the fixed positions are respectively 0.224L from the two ends;
施力物，用于在待测四阶梯机床主轴任意一端提供激励，使待测四阶梯机床主轴激振；The force-applying object is used to provide excitation at any end of the main shaft of the four-step machine tool to be tested, so as to excite the main shaft of the four-step machine tool to be tested;
加速度传感器，沿待测四阶梯机床主轴的轴向设置，用于采集四阶梯机床主轴的脉冲激振数据；The acceleration sensor is arranged along the axial direction of the main shaft of the four-step machine tool to be tested, and is used to collect the pulse excitation data of the main shaft of the four-step machine tool;
测试系统，用于获取脉冲激振数据，并进行弹性模量的获得。The test system is used to obtain the pulse excitation data and obtain the elastic modulus.
所述施力物为力锤。The force applying object is a hammer.
所述测试系统包括依次相连的A/D转换放大电路、控制器以及显示器，其中A/D转换放大电路与加速度传感器连接。The test system includes an A/D conversion amplifying circuit, a controller and a display connected in sequence, wherein the A/D converting amplifying circuit is connected with the acceleration sensor.
所述测试系统还设有力传感器，所述力传感器与A/D转换放大电路连接。The test system is also provided with a force sensor, and the force sensor is connected with an A/D conversion amplifier circuit.
所述测试系统还设有存储机构。The test system is also provided with a storage mechanism.
本发明的有益效果：能克经典脉冲激振检测弹性模量标准方法需要制备矩形截面样件的缺点，适合于实际工作状况下四阶梯机床主轴弹性模量无损检测；只需要通过简单的力锤激振实验，并只依据一个公式，快速给出四阶梯机床主轴弹性模量值。Beneficial effects of the present invention: it can overcome the shortcomings of the standard method of elastic modulus detection by pulse excitation, which requires the preparation of rectangular cross-section samples, and is suitable for the non-destructive detection of the elastic modulus of the spindle of the four-step machine tool under actual working conditions; only through a simple force hammer Vibration experiments, and based on only one formula, quickly give the value of the elastic modulus of the spindle of the four-step machine tool.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为四阶梯机床主轴简化模型图。Figure 1 is a simplified model diagram of a four-step machine tool spindle.
图2为四阶梯机床主轴悬吊支撑位置。Figure 2 shows the suspension support position of the spindle of the four-step machine tool.
图3为公式(1)计算出的弹性模量E预测值与真实值吻合程度图。Figure 3 is a graph showing the degree of agreement between the predicted value of the elastic modulus E calculated by the formula (1) and the actual value.
图4为四阶梯机床主轴弹性模量无损检测仪器框图。Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a non-destructive testing instrument for elastic modulus of a four-step machine tool spindle.
图5为工况1的测试时域信号及其频谱，其中a为测试时域信号，b为频谱。Figure 5 shows the test time-domain signal and its spectrum in working condition 1, where a is the test time-domain signal and b is the spectrum.
图6为工况2的测试时域信号及其频谱，其中a为测试时域信号，b为频谱。Figure 6 shows the test time-domain signal and its spectrum in working condition 2, where a is the test time-domain signal and b is the spectrum.
图7为BBD响应面法的五因素三水平表。Figure 7 is the five-factor three-level table of the BBD response surface method.
图8为BBD响应面法的五因素三水平46次实验组合的表。Fig. 8 is a table of 46 experimental combinations of five factors and three levels of BBD response surface method.
图9为两种尺寸的四阶梯机床主轴的表。Figure 9 is a table of two sizes of four-step machine tool spindles.
图10为实验检测弹性模量结果及误差的表Fig. 10 is the table of experimental detection modulus of elasticity result and error
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明实施例作进一步说明：Embodiments of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawings:
如图所示，本发明包括通过有限元分析和响应面分析法得到四阶梯机床主轴脉冲激振检测弹性模量的经验公式，建立四阶梯机床主轴弹性模量、几何尺寸和弯曲频率的关系，进而通过力锤在四阶梯机床主轴一端激励，另一端用加速度传感器拾取加速度信号，通过快速傅里叶变换获得一阶弯曲共振频率，与待检测四阶梯机床主轴的几何尺寸作为经验公式的输入，最后计算出弹性模量。基于本发明检测方法，采用DSP开发板，构建四阶梯机床主轴弹性模量无损检测装置。包括以下步骤：As shown in the figure, the present invention includes obtaining the empirical formula of the elastic modulus of the four-step machine tool spindle pulse excitation detection through finite element analysis and response surface analysis, and establishing the relationship between the four-step machine tool spindle elastic modulus, geometric dimensions and bending frequency, Then, the hammer is used to excite one end of the main shaft of the four-step machine tool, and the acceleration signal is picked up by the acceleration sensor at the other end, and the first-order bending resonance frequency is obtained through the fast Fourier transform, and the geometric dimensions of the main shaft of the four-step machine tool to be tested are used as the input of the empirical formula. Finally, the modulus of elasticity is calculated. Based on the detection method of the present invention, a DSP development board is used to construct a non-destructive detection device for the elastic modulus of a four-step machine tool spindle. Include the following steps:
1、四阶梯机床主轴脉冲激振检测弹性模量的经验公式。1. Empirical formula for detecting elastic modulus by pulse excitation of four-step machine tool spindle.
图1所示为四阶梯机床主轴简化模型图，为典型的阶梯轴结构，其中l1，l2，l3，l4分别为四阶梯轴长度；R1，R2，R3，R4分别为四阶梯轴半径。图2所示为四阶梯机床主轴悬吊支撑位置，距离两端面均为0.224L(L＝l1+l2+l3+l4为主轴总长度),通过有限元分析和响应面分析法得到四阶梯机床主轴脉冲激振检测弹性模量的经验公式，建立四阶梯机床主轴弹性模量、几何尺寸和弯曲频率的关系。具体实施流程：Figure 1 shows a simplified model diagram of the main shaft of a four-step machine tool, which is a typical stepped shaft structure, where l 1 , l 2 , l 3 , and l 4 are the lengths of the four-stepped shaft; R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 are the four-step axis radii, respectively. Figure 2 shows the suspension support position of the spindle of the four-step machine tool, the distance from both ends is 0.224L (L=l 1 +l 2 +l 3 +l 4 is the total length of the spindle), through finite element analysis and response surface analysis The empirical formula for measuring the elastic modulus of the four-step machine tool spindle by pulse excitation is obtained, and the relationship among the four-step machine tool spindle's elastic modulus, geometric dimensions and bending frequency is established. Specific implementation process:
首先，利用响应面分析法中方法之一——基于Box-Behnkendesign(BBD)的响应面法进行实验设计。图7所示为BBD响应面法的五因素三水平表。Firstly, one of the methods in the response surface analysis method—Box-Behnkendesign (BBD)-based response surface method is used to design the experiment. Figure 7 shows the five-factor three-level table of the BBD response surface method.
BBD响应面法的五因素三水平需做46次实验，如图8所示。在BBD响应面法中的每一次实验，运用有限元分析软件ANSYS，采用实体单元“Solid 186”，四阶梯机床主轴材料参数为泊松比μ＝0.3，材料密度ρ＝7860kg/m3，约束位置在0.224L(如图2所示)处，假定l1＝0.4m，l2＝0.3m，l3＝0.2m，l4＝0.1m，进行模态频率计算，获得第一阶弯曲固有频率f，其值如图8所示。The five-factor and three-level BBD response surface method requires 46 experiments, as shown in Figure 8. For each experiment in the BBD response surface method, the finite element analysis software ANSYS is used, and the solid element "Solid 186" is adopted. The material parameters of the spindle of the four-step machine tool are Poisson's ratio μ = 0.3, the material density ρ = 7860kg/m 3 , and the constraint The position is at 0.224L (as shown in Figure 2), assuming that l 1 =0.4m, l 2 =0.3m, l 3 =0.2m, l 4 =0.1m, and calculate the modal frequency to obtain the first-order bending intrinsic Frequency f, its value is shown in Fig. 8.
对图8所示数据进行BBD响应面法分析，可得到弹性模量E的经验公式：The data shown in Fig. 8 are analyzed by BBD response surface method, and the empirical formula of elastic modulus E can be obtained:
E*＝2.15196×1011-2.15307×1013R1-2.02443×1013R2-1.70041×1012R3+6.24694×1012R4+3835003975f-9.04594×1014R1R2-67759500560R1f-4.07318×1014R2R4-82762415004R2f-9.40012×1013R3R4-15201689270R3f+32685835169R4f+1.1947×1015R1 2+1.11873×1015R2 2+1.15113×1014R3 2+6.08567×1013R4 2+2536349.853f2 (1)E*＝2.15196×10 11 -2.15307×10 13 R 1 -2.02443×10 13 R 2 -1.70041×10 12 R 3 +6.24694×10 12 R 4 +3835003975f-9.04594×10 14 R 1 R 2 -67750R 10 14 -4.07318×10 14 R 2 R 4 -82762415004R 2 f-9.40012×10 13 R 3 R 4 -15201689270R 3 f+32685835169R 4 f+1.1947×10 15 R 1 2 +1.11873×10 15 R 10 1 2 +3 14 R 3 2 +6.08567×10 13 R 4 2 +2536349.853f 2 (1)
式(1)即为四阶梯机床主轴脉冲激振检测弹性模量的经验公式，该公式建立起了四阶梯机床主轴弹性模量预测值E*、几何尺寸R1，R2，R3，R4和一阶弯曲频率f的关系。该关系式准确度检验用图8中46次实验条件下，用公式(1)计算得到的弹性模量与图8中真实的弹性模量170GPa，190GPa，210GPa的吻合程度描述，结果见图3所示，可见，吻合程度非常好。Equation ( 1 ) is the empirical formula for detecting the elastic modulus of the four -step machine tool spindle by pulse excitation. 4 and the relationship between the first-order bending frequency f. Under the 46 experimental conditions in Fig. 8, the elastic modulus calculated by formula (1) and the true elastic modulus 170GPa, 190GPa, and 210GPa in Fig. 8 are described by the coincidence degree of the relational expression accuracy test, and the results are shown in Fig. 3 As shown, it can be seen that the degree of agreement is very good.
2、四阶梯机床主轴弹性模量无损检测方法。2. Non-destructive testing method for elastic modulus of four-step machine tool spindle.
四阶梯机床主轴弹性模量无损检测方法操作流程：The operation flow of the non-destructive testing method for the elastic modulus of the four-step machine tool spindle:
首先按图2所示，距离两端面均为0.224L处用用弹性金属线悬吊起四阶梯机床主轴；First, as shown in Figure 2, suspend the spindle of the four-step machine tool with an elastic metal wire at a distance of 0.224L from both ends;
然后如图3所示，通过力锤在四阶梯机床主轴右端激励，而在左端用加速度传感器拾取加速度信号，经过信号调理器放大、数字采样、滤波等处理，得到数字信号输入到计算机，通过快速傅里叶变换获得一阶弯曲共振频率f；Then, as shown in Figure 3, the hammer is used to excite the right end of the main shaft of the four-step machine tool, and the acceleration signal is picked up by the acceleration sensor at the left end. After processing by the signal conditioner, digital sampling, and filtering, the digital signal is input to the computer. Fourier transform to obtain the first-order bending resonance frequency f;
最后将一阶弯曲共振频率f与图3所示的待检测四阶梯机床主轴的几何尺寸R1，R2，R3，R4，代入经验公式(1)，计算出弹性模量E*。Finally, the first-order bending resonance frequency f and the geometric dimensions R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 of the four-step machine tool spindle to be tested shown in Figure 3 are substituted into the empirical formula (1) to calculate the elastic modulus E*.
3、所述检测装置。3. The detection device.
采用DSP开发板，构建四阶梯机床主轴弹性模量无损检测装置，如图4所示。具体实施流程：Using the DSP development board, build a four-step machine tool spindle elastic modulus non-destructive testing device, as shown in Figure 4. Specific implementation process:
所述传感器为加速度传感器，并沿传动轴轴向设置，即沿着尽量靠近右端顶部设置，用于采集四阶梯机床主轴的脉冲激振原始数据。The sensor is an acceleration sensor and is arranged along the axial direction of the transmission shaft, that is, arranged along the top of the right end as far as possible, and is used to collect the original pulse excitation data of the main shaft of the four-step machine tool.
所述测试系统还设有力传感器，所述力传感器与A/D转换放大电路连接。该力传感器可扩展为求解频率响应函数，进而测出材料阻尼。The test system is also provided with a force sensor, and the force sensor is connected with an A/D conversion amplifier circuit. The force sensor can be extended to solve the frequency response function, and then measure the material damping.
所述控制器还与存储装置连接，可以将坚持数据通过存储装置进行存储，也可以与设定的数值进行比较，同时也能调用查看以往的检测数据。The controller is also connected to the storage device, and the persistence data can be stored through the storage device, and can also be compared with the set value, and at the same time, the past detection data can also be called to view.
其上还可以设置液晶显示屏，用于直接观察数据。A liquid crystal display can also be set on it for direct observation of data.
实施案例1：为验证本发明方法的有效性，本实施案例给出两种尺寸的四阶梯机床主轴，如图9所示。图5和图6分别工况1和工况2的测试时域信号及其频谱。图10给出了实验检测弹性模量结果及相对误差ε＝(E*-E)/E×100％。由图10可见，对于工况1，相对误差仅为0.87％，而对于工况2，误差亦只有1.82％，因此，是一种准确度较高的无损检测方法。标准脉冲激振法，由于其公式仅仅对矩形截面标准试样有效，而标准试样本身具有特定的矩形截面几何尺寸要求，因此，并非严格意义上的无损检测方法，不能针对几何形状并非标准试样的四阶梯机床主轴。而本发明方法则不需要制作矩形截面试件，具有针对四阶梯机床主轴的快速和准确性。Implementation Case 1: In order to verify the effectiveness of the method of the present invention, this implementation case provides four-step machine tool spindles of two sizes, as shown in FIG. 9 . Figure 5 and Figure 6 are the test time-domain signal and its spectrum of working condition 1 and working condition 2 respectively. Fig. 10 shows the results of the elastic modulus of the experiment and the relative error ε=(E*-E)/E×100%. It can be seen from Fig. 10 that for working condition 1, the relative error is only 0.87%, and for working condition 2, the error is only 1.82%. Therefore, it is a non-destructive testing method with high accuracy. The standard pulse excitation method is not a non-destructive testing method in the strict sense because its formula is only valid for standard specimens with rectangular cross-sections, and the standard specimens themselves have specific requirements for the geometric dimensions of rectangular cross-sections. A typical four-step machine tool spindle. However, the method of the present invention does not need to make a rectangular cross-section test piece, and has the quickness and accuracy for the spindle of a four-step machine tool.
实施例不应视为对本发明的限制，任何基于本发明的精神所作的改进，都应在本发明的保护范围之内。The embodiment should not be regarded as limiting the present invention, and any improvement based on the spirit of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.
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Application publication date: 20170426 Assignee: Guowang Technology (Zhejiang) Co.,Ltd. Assignor: Wenzhou University Contract record no.: X2023330000103 Denomination of invention: A nondestructive testing method and device for the elastic modulus of the spindle of a four step machine tool Granted publication date: 20181030 License type: Common License Record date: 20230311 |