CN106595731B - A kind of fibrous composite hot moulding curing deformation optical fiber monitoring device and method - Google Patents
A kind of fibrous composite hot moulding curing deformation optical fiber monitoring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106595731B CN106595731B CN201611146925.2A CN201611146925A CN106595731B CN 106595731 B CN106595731 B CN 106595731B CN 201611146925 A CN201611146925 A CN 201611146925A CN 106595731 B CN106595731 B CN 106595731B
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
- G01D5/35306—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement
- G01D5/35309—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement using multiple waves interferometer
- G01D5/35316—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement using multiple waves interferometer using a Bragg gratings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
- G01B11/18—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge using photoelastic elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D3/00—Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups
- G01D3/028—Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups mitigating undesired influences, e.g. temperature, pressure
- G01D3/036—Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups mitigating undesired influences, e.g. temperature, pressure on measuring arrangements themselves
- G01D3/0365—Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups mitigating undesired influences, e.g. temperature, pressure on measuring arrangements themselves the undesired influence being measured using a separate sensor, which produces an influence related signal
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
- G01K11/3206—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres at discrete locations in the fibre, e.g. using Bragg scattering
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
- Optical Transform (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fibrous composite hot moulding curing deformation optical fiber monitoring device and method, (1) the different multiple optical fiber Bragg rasters of write-in centre wavelength are spaced on single high-temperature resistant optical fiber using phase masks, grating string is made, and grid region is coated using high temperature resistant composite；(2) the temperature compensation grating string in relaxed state is inserted in stainless steel capillary, ensure it influences during composite material curing molding from strain；(3) fiber-optic wire is protected using high temperature resistance super teflon tube, and welding is carried out with optical fiber connector；(4) laying of optical fiber Bragg raster is carried out according to pre-designed scheme, and fiber-optic wire is drawn from the lead groove of corresponding mould side wall deckle board；(5) signal transmission fiber is connected on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, monitors the temperature in solidification process and the change of strain in real time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the FBG monitoring field of fibrous composite curing deformation, and in particular to a kind of advance heeling-in
The real-time prison of the fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material structural member of optical fiber Bragg raster curing deformation in hot moulding manufacturing process
Survey device and be implanted into pretreatment and the laying method of grating.
Background technology
Fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material has excellent specific strength, specific stiffness, anti-fatigue performance and good sets
Meter property, is used widely in fields such as aerospace, automobile, buildings.However, in the curing molding mistake of composite material structural member
Cheng Zhong, due to mutual between material heat expansion or pyrocondensation effect, the chemical shrinkage effect of resin matrix, composite material and mould
The synergy of the factors such as effect, often produces the internal stress of complexity inside composite material structural member, causes the knot after the demoulding
Component is cured metaboly.This phenomenon has seriously affected the performance of structural member, reduces the qualification rate of product.Therefore,
Heat cure shaping and internal stress evolution process in the mould of fiber composite structure part are analyzed, and then the demoulding of adjusted and controlled part becomes
Shape, has important scientific meaning and engineering application value.
Early stage, which is used to detecting composite material solidification process method, mainly Dynamic Spring method, differential scanning calorimetry and infrared
Spectrum Method, it limits to be limited print can only to be put together in be detected, then measurement result is empirically pushed away
Extensively into produce reality, the near real-time quantitative monitoring in curing process can not be realized.The dynamic dielectric analysis method developed later
Can be with the viscosity change of on-line checking numerical value, but cost is higher.
The content of the invention
The present invention, can in order to solve optical fiber Bragg grating sensor to temperature and strain while sensitive issue
The deformation of the accurate temperature change measured during composite material curing molding and material, discloses a kind of fiber composite material
Expect hot moulding curing deformation optical fiber monitoring device and method, realize real-time with straining to composite material curing deformation process temperature
Monitoring, can be effectively to hot moulding solidification process of the fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material in full rigidity closed molds and solid
The life cycle management monitoring of composite material structural member stand under load usage process, enables researcher to the micro- of curing deformation after the completion of change
Seeing mechanism and stress transfer has relatively sharp understanding, effective control of material property is realized, so that advanced resin base is compound
Material structure part safer can be to reliably applied to more fields.
A kind of fibrous composite hot moulding curing deformation optical fiber monitoring device, including the lower template of releasing agent is coated in advance
The die cavity surrounded with the side wall deckle board of advance overlay film, is successively equipped with the fiber prepreg cut in advance in the die cavity
Material；Strain optical fiber Bragg raster string is equipped with along machine direction on each layer of fiber prepreg material, and in strain optical fiber
The sides of Bragg grating strings it is parallel be equipped with the temperature-compensating grating string equal with its quantity, strain optical fiber Bragg raster string
Lead drawn from the lead groove of corresponding mould side wall deckle board, be connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, to sensor network
The data gathered are monitored in real time.
The networking mode composition sensor network that the strain optical fiber Bragg raster string is combined using parallel connection and serial connection
Network, the gratings in series of different wave length form grating string on an optical fiber, and multifiber grating gangs up overcoupling device and is connected in parallel on one
Rise.
High temperature resistant composite is coated with the strain optical fiber Bragg raster string and temperature-compensating grating string.
It is sleeved on each grid region of the temperature-compensating grating string in stainless steel capillary, both ends GD-4 two-components
Glue is sealed.
The temperature-compensating grating string is entirely sleeved in stainless steel capillary, and one end is sealed with GD-4 two components,
The other end is in free state.
Optical fiber outside fiber prepreg material is inserted in high temperature resistance super teflon tube, and welding is carried out with optical fiber connector.
When temperature compensation grating string is being laid with along different directions, multilayer prepreg is spaced, and avoid stainless steel wool as far as possible
The intersection of tubule, while the prepreg with top below capillary stainless steel tube is handled, and ensures the thickness of material after shaping
Unanimously.
Compared with conventional curing monitoring device, fibre optical sensor is small, high sensitivity, pliability are strong, can be more square
Just have in embedding material, in terms of the parameter such as temperature, strain in real-time dynamic monitoring composite material solidification process special
Obvious advantage.In addition, optical fiber is small to the Effect on Mechanical Properties of composite material after shaping.
The production method of described device is as follows：
The making of step 1 optical fiber Bragg grating sensor
(1-1) makes fiber grating string：
It is spaced using the method for phase mask on simple optical fiber and writes the different fiber Bragg light of multiple centre wavelengths
Grid；
The protection of (1-2) temperature compensation grating string：
Stainless steel capillary is intercepted, is sleeved on one by one on each grid region of temperature compensation grating string, both ends are sealed, room temperature
It is fully cured after the time of setting；
Or grating string is all inserted in using stainless steel capillary of the length more than material prepreg length, one end
Sealing, the other end be in free state so that temperature compensation grating can be movable in capillary and from composite material deformation to it
Influence；
The protection processing of (1-3) fiber-optic wire：
The optical fiber of material outer leaves and takes the length of setting, for the transmission of signal, is inserted in high temperature resistance super teflon tube pair
Fiber-optic wire is protected, and then carries out welding with optical fiber connector, easy to the connection of grating and high speed (FBG) demodulator；
Step 2 is implanted into optical fiber Bragg grating sensor in the composite
The fiber prepreg material cut in advance is successively routed to by the lower template that coats releasing agent in advance and in advance by (2-1)
In the die cavity that the side wall deckle board of overlay film surrounds, in process of deployment, as requested, it is laid with and strains along machine direction in n-th layer
Sensor grating string, and parallel laid temperature-compensating grating string beside it；
(2-2) draws the lead of optical fiber Bragg grating sensor from the lead groove of corresponding mould side wall deckle board；
It should ensure that teflon pipe enters prepreg overlay 10mm during laying；
(2-3) is covered coats the cope plate of releasing agent in advance, and Guan Bi mould, is inserted in hot press, from mould side wall frame
The networking mode composition sensing that the optical fiber Bragg grating sensor drawn in the lead groove of plate is combined using parallel connection and serial connection
Signal transmission fiber, is finally connected on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator by device network, and commissioning device is with gathered data；Heating pressurization,
Make prepreg hot-forming in full rigidity closed molds, realize the curing of composite material, monitor the temperature in solidification process in real time
Degree and the change of strain.
Further, the step (2-1) should be spaced multilayer prepreg when being laid with the temperature compensation grating string of different directions,
And the intersection of stainless steel capillary is avoided as far as possible, while the prepreg with top below capillary stainless steel tube is handled, and is protected
The consistency of thickness of material after card shaping.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
Using optical fiber Bragg raster string to the key parameter such as the temperature in composite material solidification process and strain in the present invention
Monitored in real time.Since temperature and strain can make the centre wavelength of optical fiber Bragg raster reflectance spectrum change,
It is same to temperature and strain sensitive, so need to be laid with while being embedded to strain grating in the composite in its beside same
Etc. the temperature-compensating grating of quantity, and ensure it completely from strain influence.Therefore, the present invention can both be incited somebody to action by temperature compensation grating
Temperature is separated with influence of the strain to reflected spectrum wavelengths, and can monitor the temperature change of each point of composite inner in real time
Situation, is truly realized the real-time monitoring to composite material structural member internal temperature and strain.Simultaneously as optical fiber is anti-shearing
Poor-performing, is subject to shearing force, it is appropriate that fiber-optic wire is also required to carry out when optical fiber is drawn from full rigidity closed mould in order to prevent
Protection.
Meanwhile fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator is expensive, the popularization and application of the technology are seriously affected, the present invention uses optical fiber
High power built in grating demodulation instrument stablizes wideband light source, and the centre wavelength of fiber grating is located at the edge of wideband light source, optical fiber light
Grid be subject to temperature with strain influence centre wavelength change when, photodetector receive light intensity change, and then realize
The fast demodulation of temperature and strain signal.Optical signal is after opto-electronic conversion and enhanced processing with obtained by oscillograph, that is, observable
Electric signal.Sample frequency can reach 1000KHz, have the wavelength resolution of 3nm.At the same time greatly reduce Acquisition Instrument into
This.
Strain grating string and corresponding temperature-compensating grating string, strain grating string is strained and the dual shadow of temperature change
Ring, the change of temperature-compensating grating string monitoring temperature corresponds to the influence for becoming grating string so as to compensate temperature；
Temperature compensation grating is protected using capillary tubing, and steel pipe both ends are sealed with high temperature resistant colloid, and grating string
In relaxed state；
Grating lead is protected with heat safe teflon pipe, and since teflon material cannot be bonded with colloid,
Roughening treatment is carried out to teflon pipe；
Two kinds of grating strings need to be spaced 2-5mm parallel laids when being laid with, and can prevent that it from interfering with each other and can guarantee that two
The temperature that grid region monitors is consistent with the change of strain；
High power built in fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator stablizes wideband light source, and temperature can be realized with quickly being solved while strain signal
Adjust, sample frequency can reach 1000KHz, wavelength resolution 3nm.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 are that the pretreatment of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG string and paving mode show in the embodiment of the present invention
It is intended to；
Fig. 5 is fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator operation principle schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is fibrous composite hot moulding curing deformation optical fiber monitoring device schematic diagram；
Fig. 7, Fig. 8 are the reflectance spectrum figure of optical fiber Bragg raster during the composite material curing molding that (FBG) demodulator obtains；
Fig. 9 is the temperature of composite material structural member during the hot moulding curing molding that optical fiber Bragg raster string monitors
Degree and time curve；
In figure：1. carbon fiber prepreg, 2. stainless steel capillaries, 3. strain optical fiber Bragg raster strings, 4. temperature-compensating light
Grid string.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further elaborated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.It should be noted that the description below is merely to solution
The present invention is released, its content is not defined.
A kind of fibrous composite hot moulding curing deformation optical fiber monitoring device, including the lower die of releasing agent is coated in advance
The die cavity that the side wall deckle board of plate, lower template and advance overlay film surrounds, is successively equipped with what is cut in advance in the die cavity
Fiber prepreg material 1；Strain optical fiber Bragg raster string 3 is laid with along machine direction on each layer of fiber prepreg material, is being strained
The parallel laying temperature-compensating grating string 4 in the side of optical fiber Bragg raster string, the lead slave phase of strain optical fiber Bragg raster string 3
Drawn in the lead groove for the mould side wall deckle board answered, optical fiber Bragg grating sensor uses the group that parallel connection and serial connection is combined
Net mode forms sensor network, and the Transmission Fibers of optical fiber Bragg grating sensor are connected on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator.
High temperature resistant composite is coated with strain optical fiber Bragg raster string 3 and temperature-compensating grating string 4.
Be sleeved on each grid region of temperature-compensating grating string 4 in stainless steel capillary 2, both ends with GD-4 two components into
Row sealing.
Temperature-compensating grating string 4 is entirely sleeved in Stainless Steel Capillary 2, and one end is sealed with GD-4 two components, the other end
In free state.
Optical fiber outside fiber prepreg material is inserted in high temperature resistance super teflon tube, and welding is carried out with optical fiber connector.
When temperature compensation grating string is being laid with along different directions, multilayer prepreg is spaced, and avoid stainless steel wool as far as possible
The intersection of tubule, while the prepreg with top below capillary stainless steel tube is handled, and ensures the thickness of material after shaping
Unanimously.
Using optical fiber Bragg raster string to the key parameter such as the temperature in composite material solidification process and strain in the present invention
Monitored in real time.Since temperature and strain can make the centre wavelength of optical fiber Bragg raster reflectance spectrum change,
It is same to temperature and strain sensitive, so need to be laid with while being embedded to strain grating in the composite in its beside same
Etc. the temperature-compensating grating of quantity, and ensure it completely from strain influence.Therefore, the present invention can both be incited somebody to action by temperature compensation grating
Temperature is separated with influence of the strain to reflected spectrum wavelengths, and can monitor the temperature change of each point of composite inner in real time
Situation, is truly realized the real-time monitoring to composite material structural member internal temperature and strain.Simultaneously as optical fiber is anti-shearing
Poor-performing, is subject to shearing force, it is appropriate that fiber-optic wire is also required to carry out when optical fiber is drawn from full rigidity closed mould in order to prevent
Protection.
Meanwhile fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator is expensive, the popularization and application of the technology are seriously affected, the present invention uses optical fiber
High power built in grating demodulation instrument stablizes wideband light source, and the centre wavelength of fiber grating is located at the edge of wideband light source, optical fiber light
Grid be subject to temperature with strain influence centre wavelength change when, photodetector receive light intensity change, and then realize
The fast demodulation of temperature and strain signal.Optical signal is after opto-electronic conversion and enhanced processing with obtained by oscillograph, that is, observable
Electric signal.Sample frequency can reach 1000KHz, have the wavelength resolution of 3nm.At the same time greatly reduce Acquisition Instrument into
This.
The manufacturing process of the present invention is as follows：
The making of step 1 optical fiber Bragg grating sensor
(1-1) makes fiber grating string：The multiple middle cardiac waves of write-in are spaced on simple optical fiber using the method for phase mask
Long different optical fiber Bragg raster, to meet long range measurements or multimetering needs, is not required to welding, position is accurate, improves
The reliability and stability of measuring system, and the number and spacing that grid region can be arbitrarily determined according to being actually needed.Due to strain
Grating string needs directly to be embedded to composite inner and exposed grid region fragility is easily broken, multiple if not taking any safeguard measure
Internal stress during condensation material heat-pressure curing will easily cause the broken of one or more grid regions in strain grating string
It is bad, so as to lose the function of monitoring, while to adapt to the requirement of long term high temperature monitoring, darkening is corresponded to using high temperature resistant composite
Grid string and the grid region of temperature grating string are coated, and the optical fiber for inscribing grating string is also high temperature resistant grating.
The protection of (1-2) temperature compensation grating string：Intercept suitable length (such as 30mm) outside diameter 0.7mm, wall thickness 0.2mm it is stainless
Steel wool tubule, is sleeved on each grid region of temperature compensation grating string one by one, and both ends are sealed with GD-4 two components, room temperature 24
Hour it is fully cured, so can to avoid embedment grating string composite material in heating process is cured resin inflow capillary
It is even inaccurate to cause that the centre wavelength of temperature compensation grating reflection spectral occurs to fluctuate inside pipe.Need to ensure in operation
Grid region is in unstressed state, prevents grating from producing error because being subject to prestressing force.Composite wood can also be more than using length
Grating string is all inserted in by the stainless steel capillary of material prepreg length, and one end is sealed with GD-4 two components, and the other end is in
Free state so that temperature compensation grating in capillary can activity and from influence of the composite material deformation to it.
The protection processing of (1-3) fiber-optic wire：The optical fiber of material outer leaves and takes certain length (such as 2m), for signal
Transmission, is inserted in high temperature resistance super teflon tube and fiber-optic wire is protected, and avoids FBG sensor from being molded and add in composite material
It is broken during work, then carries out welding with optical fiber connector, easy to the connection of grating and high speed (FBG) demodulator.But by
It is difficult to bond with colloid in teflon material, roughening treatment need to be carried out to teflon pipe.
Comprising the following steps that for optical fiber Bragg grating sensor is implanted into the composite：
The fiber prepreg material cut in advance is successively routed to by the lower template that coats releasing agent in advance and in advance by (2-1)
In the die cavity that the side wall deckle board of overlay film surrounds, for example, ply sequence is [09/909]., can be according to design in process of deployment
N-th layer is laid with strain transducer grating string along machine direction, and in parallel laid temperature-compensating grating at 2-5mm beside it
String.Due to being cased with the stainless steel capillary that outside diameter is 0.7mm outside temperature compensation grating string, and the thickness of one layer of prepreg is only 125 μ
M, so different interlayer capillaries influence each other in order to prevent, is being laid with the temperature of different directions (such as perpendicular to machine direction)
Multilayer prepreg should be spaced during light filling grid string, and avoids the intersection of stainless steel capillary as far as possible, while under capillary stainless steel tube
The prepreg of side and top is handled, and ensures the consistency of thickness of material after shaping.
(2-2) draws the lead of optical fiber Bragg grating sensor from the lead groove of corresponding mould side wall deckle board.
In order to protect fiber pigtail not to be damaged and composite material shaping after it is not easily to fall off, Teflon is should ensure that during laying
Pipe enters prepreg overlay 10mm.
(2-3) covers the cope plate for coating releasing agent in advance, and Guan Bi mould, inserts the hot presses such as vulcanizer, extrusion press
In, the optical fiber Bragg grating sensor drawn from the lead groove of mould side wall deckle board is combined using parallel connection and serial connection
Networking mode composition sensor network, finally signal transmission fiber is connected on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, commissioning device with
Gathered data；Heating pressurization, makes prepreg hot-forming in full rigidity closed molds, realizes the curing of composite material, in real time
Monitor the temperature in solidification process and the change of strain.High power built in the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator that the present invention uses stablizes broadband
Light source, the centre wavelength of fiber grating are located at the edge of wideband light source, and fiber grating is subject to temperature to influence centre wavelength with strain
When changing, the light intensity that photodetector receives changes, and then realizes the fast demodulation of temperature and strain signal.Light is believed
With the obtained electric signal of oscillograph, that is, observable number after opto-electronic conversion and enhanced processing.Sample frequency can reach
1000KHz, has the wavelength resolution of 3nm.
Particular content is as follows:
(1) the optical fiber Bragg raster string used is determined：Customization has 5 grid regions, centre wavelength be respectively 1530nm,
1540nm, 1550nm, 1560nm and 1570nm, by acrylate-coated, spacing is respectively that 40mm and 60mm answers darkening
Grid string, and the temperature-compensating grating string by polyimide coating of same parameter.Wherein, spacing is the temperature compensation grating of 60mm
String does not inscribe centrally located grid region.
(2) pretreatment of temperature compensation grating string：Carrying out protection to temperature compensation grating using stainless steel capillary has two schemes.
Scheme one：The stainless steel capillary of outside diameter 0.7mm, wall thickness 0.2mm are truncated into 400mm and 300mm long, and by grating
String is all inserted in, and one end is sealed with GD-4 two components, and the other end is in free state so that temperature compensation grating can in capillary
With activity from influence of the composite material deformation to it.Since Stainless Steel Capillary pipe outside diameter is 0.7mm, it is far longer than one layer of fibre
125 μm of the thickness of prepreg is tieed up, in order to avoid the stainless steel capillary that different directions are laid with intersects and seriously affects composite material
Performance, the capillary in one of direction need to be interrupted, the position that has marked in advance is nested into respectively from the both ends of grating string
It is and fixed.This scheme is simple to operation, but the bad assurance in position of the grating in capillary, need to shift to an earlier date and be carried out on fiber-optic wire
Mark, and it is noted that the protection of the interface of capillary and fiber-optic wire, is heated after can entangling interface with heat-shrink tube, can avoid
The fracture of Interface Fiber.
Scheme two：The stainless steel capillary of outside diameter 0.7mm, wall thickness 0.2mm are truncated into the segment of 30mm long, are sleeved on temperature one by one
On each grid region of light filling grid string, both ends are sealed with GD-4 two components, it is fully cured when small in room temperature 24, this
Sample inside resin inflow capillary and can cause temperature compensation light to avoid the composite material of embedment grating string in heating process is cured
It is even inaccurate that fluctuation occurs for the centre wavelength of grid reflectance spectrum.Need to ensure that grid region is in the shape not stressed in operation
State, prevents grating from producing error because being subject to prestressing force.Though this scheme is more slightly more complex than scheme one, easily determine each
Position of the grid region in grating string.
(3) prepreg cut in advance is successively routed to as requested by the lower template that coats releasing agent in advance and pre-
In the die cavity that the side wall deckle board of first overlay film surrounds, ply sequence is [909/09].In process of deployment, on demand at the 10th layer
Strain grating string is laid with along fibre axis direction, in grating string of the parallel laid as temperature-compensating at 10mm beside it.
14th layer is accordingly laid with strain transducer and temperature compensation sensor along 45 ° of directions of fiber.
(4) lead of FBG sensor is drawn from the lead groove of corresponding mould side wall deckle board.
(5) cover and coat the cope plate of releasing agent in advance, Guan Bi mould, is inserted in vulcanizer, from mould side wall deckle board
Lead groove in the lead of FBG sensor drawn be connected to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, then commissioning device is with gathered data；
Heating pressurization, makes prepreg hot-forming in full rigidity closed molds, realizes the curing of composite material, while monitor and cured
The change of temperature and strain in journey.
The heat pressing process of use keeps the temperature 30min first from room temperature to 80 DEG C, then heats to 130 DEG C, keeps the temperature 60min；
The pressure in two stages is 0.5Mpa.
(6) vulcanizer is opened, composite material structural member is separated with upper and lower metal form first, then pass through multi-layered polyester
The sliding at interface makes composite material structural member and mould side wall deckle board separate and (be included in point at lead groove position between film and film
From), while dynamic realtime collecting temperature and strain data, finally obtain the internal polymer matrix composites for being embedded with FBG sensor
Structural member.
As shown in figure 5, it is fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator operation principle schematic diagram.The centre wavelength of fiber grating is in broadband light
At the bevel edge in source, therefore when the center wavelength with temperature of fiber grating or strain change, the light intensity of photodetector detection
It can change, and then cause the change of curtage signal, realize the demodulation of temperature or strain.
As shown in fig. 6, it is fibrous composite hot moulding curing deformation optical fiber monitoring device schematic diagram.The light of different wave length
Fine gratings in series together, and can be connected in parallel by coupler, and the present invention is using the group for wanting to combine in parallel and serial
Net mode, constitutes more grating monitoring networks.
As shown in fig. 7, during the composite material curing molding obtained for (FBG) demodulator optical fiber Bragg raster reflectance spectrum
Figure.It can be seen from the figure that in the cured overall process of composite material is monitored, the reflectance spectrum shape of optical fiber Bragg raster is not
The bad phenomenon such as generation broadening or bimodal distortion, it was demonstrated that coat plays a very good protection grid region.
As shown in figure 8, composite structure during the hot moulding curing molding monitored for optical fiber Bragg raster string
The temperature and time relation curve of part；By curve as can be seen that temperature and strain trend and actual conditions that grating string measures
Comply fully with, the temperature display value that temperature compensation grating measures also does not fluctuate during die sinking, it was demonstrated that stainless steel capillary
Protective effect causes the not strained influence of temperature compensation grating, and only monitors and cure whole temperature change.
Using optical fiber Bragg raster string to the key parameter such as the temperature in composite material solidification process and strain in the present invention
Monitored in real time.Since temperature and strain can make the centre wavelength of optical fiber Bragg raster reflectance spectrum change,
It is same to temperature and strain sensitive, so need to be laid with while being embedded to strain grating in the composite in same position equal
The temperature-compensating grating of quantity, and ensure that it is influenced from strain completely by handling accordingly.Therefore, the present invention can both lead to
Excess temperature light filling grid separate temperature with influence of the strain to reflected spectrum wavelengths, and it is each to monitor composite inner in real time
The temperature variations of point, are truly realized the real-time monitoring to composite material structural member internal temperature and strain.Simultaneously as
The anti-shear performance of optical fiber is poor, is subject to shearing force, fiber-optic wire when optical fiber is drawn from full rigidity closed mould in order to prevent
Need to carry out appropriate protection.
Meanwhile fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator is expensive, the popularization and application of the technology are seriously affected, the present invention uses optical fiber
High power built in grating demodulation instrument stablizes wideband light source, and the centre wavelength of fiber grating is located at the edge of wideband light source, optical fiber light
Grid be subject to temperature with strain influence centre wavelength change when, photodetector receive light intensity change, and then realize
The fast demodulation of temperature and strain signal.Optical signal is after opto-electronic conversion and enhanced processing with obtained by oscillograph, that is, observable
Electric signal.Sample frequency can reach 1000KHz, have the wavelength resolution of 3nm.At the same time greatly reduce Acquisition Instrument into
This.
Although above-mentioned be described the embodiment of the present invention with reference to attached drawing, model not is protected to the present invention
The limitation enclosed, those skilled in the art should understand that, on the basis of technical scheme, those skilled in the art are not
Need to make the creative labor the various modifications that can be made or deformation still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
- A kind of 1. fibrous composite hot moulding curing deformation optical fiber monitoring device, it is characterised in that：Including coating the demoulding in advance The die cavity that the side wall deckle board of the lower template of agent and advance overlay film surrounds, is successively equipped with what is cut in advance in the die cavity Fiber prepreg material；Strain optical fiber Bragg raster string is equipped with along machine direction on each layer of fiber prepreg material, and is being answered Become optical fiber Bragg raster string side it is parallel be equipped with the temperature-compensating grating string equal with its quantity, two kinds of grating strings exist 2-5mm parallel laids in interval during laying, strain the lead of optical fiber Bragg raster string from the lead ditch of corresponding mould side wall deckle board Draw in groove, be connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, the data gathered to sensor network are monitored in real time；The networking mode composition sensor network that the strain optical fiber Bragg raster string is combined using parallel connection and serial connection, no The gratings in series of co-wavelength forms grating string on an optical fiber, and multifiber grating gangs up overcoupling device and is connected in parallel；High temperature resistant composite is coated with the strain optical fiber Bragg raster string and temperature-compensating grating string；The temperature-compensating grating string has two kinds of protected modes：It is sleeved on each grid region in stainless steel capillary, both ends are used GD-4 two components are sealed or are entirely sleeved in stainless steel capillary, and one end is sealed with GD-4 two components, the other end In free state；Optical fiber outside fiber prepreg material is inserted in the teflon pipe of high temperature resistant and roughened processing, with optical fiber connector into Row welding；High power built in the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator stablizes wideband light source.
- 2. fibrous composite hot moulding curing deformation optical fiber monitoring device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：In temperature Light filling grid string is spaced multilayer prepreg when being laid with along different directions, and stainless steel capillary cannot intersect, while to hair Prepreg below thin stainless steel tube with top is handled, and ensures the consistency of thickness of material after shaping.
- 3. the production method of the described device as described in claim 1-2, it is characterised in that as follows：The making of step 1 optical fiber Bragg grating sensor(1-1) makes fiber grating string：It is spaced using the method for phase mask on simple optical fiber and writes the different optical fiber Bragg raster of multiple centre wavelengths；The protection of (1-2) temperature compensation grating string：Stainless steel capillary is intercepted, is sleeved on one by one on each grid region of temperature compensation grating string, both ends are sealed, room temperature setting Time after it is fully cured；Or it is more than the stainless steel capillary of material prepreg length by grating string using length All be inserted in, one end sealing, the other end be in free state so that temperature compensation grating can be movable in capillary and from compound Influence of the material deformation to it；The protection processing of (1-3) fiber-optic wire：The optical fiber of material outer leaves and takes the length of setting, for the transmission of signal, is inserted in high temperature resistance super teflon tube to optical fiber Lead is protected, and then carries out welding with optical fiber connector, easy to the connection of grating and high speed (FBG) demodulator；Step 2 is implanted into optical fiber Bragg grating sensor in the compositeThe fiber prepreg material cut in advance is successively routed to lower template and advance overlay film by coating releasing agent in advance by (2-1) The die cavity that surrounds of side wall deckle board in, in process of deployment, as requested, strain sensing is laid with along machine direction in n-th layer Device grating string, and parallel laid temperature-compensating grating string beside it；(2-2) draws the lead of optical fiber Bragg grating sensor from the lead groove of corresponding mould side wall deckle board；Spreading It should ensure that teflon pipe enters prepreg overlay 10mm during if；(2-3) is covered coats the cope plate of releasing agent in advance, and Guan Bi mould, is inserted in hot press, from mould side wall deckle board The networking mode composition sensor network that the optical fiber Bragg grating sensor drawn in lead groove is combined using parallel connection and serial connection Signal transmission fiber, is finally connected on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator by network, and commissioning device is with gathered data；Heating pressurization, makes pre- Leaching material it is hot-forming in full rigidity closed molds, realize the curing of composite material, in real time monitor solidification process in temperature and The change of strain.
- 4. the production method of described device as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that as follows：The step (2-1) is being spread If multilayer prepreg should be spaced during the temperature compensation grating string of different directions, and the intersection of stainless steel capillary is avoided as far as possible, at the same it is right Prepreg below capillary stainless steel tube with top is handled, and ensures the consistency of thickness of material after shaping.
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| CN113155162B (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2023-07-04 | 武汉理工大学 | Hot-press forming monitoring method for embedded fiber bragg grating composite annular member |
| CN113418463A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-09-21 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Deformation test assembly, device and system |
| CN114046898B (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2024-09-13 | 天津航空机电有限公司 | Aircraft bleed air leakage overheat detector, system and aircraft |
| CN115431556A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-12-06 | 上海第二工业大学 | Composite material curing deformation detection device and detection method used in vacuum environment |
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