CN106595466B - The test method and device of a kind of seat or the recessed value in sofa surface - Google Patents
The test method and device of a kind of seat or the recessed value in sofa surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN106595466B CN106595466B CN201610994920.9A CN201610994920A CN106595466B CN 106595466 B CN106595466 B CN 106595466B CN 201610994920 A CN201610994920 A CN 201610994920A CN 106595466 B CN106595466 B CN 106595466B
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- strain
- seat
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- sofa
- chip arrays
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge
- G01B7/18—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge using change in resistance
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
- G01M5/0041—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by determining deflection or stress
- G01M5/005—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by determining deflection or stress by means of external apparatus, e.g. test benches or portable test systems
Abstract
The invention discloses the test method and device of the recessed value of a kind of seat or sofa surface, strain chip arrays the following steps are included: is attached to the surface of PVC cushion by test method；Strain chip arrays are connect with statical strain indicator by conducting wire；PVC cushion is layered on soft cushion to be tested, and all statical strain indicators are returned to zero；People is seated on soft cushion, and strain chip arrays are tested, and statical strain indicator records the strain of each foil gauge and preservation；The strain of foil gauge solved based on finite difference calculus and overdetermined linear system, the lower valley of soft cushion surface is obtained.The present invention accurately measures the recessed value of seat or sofa surface under human body effect, so that carrying out the design of different elasticity or reasonable radian curved surface to the cushion of upholstered furniture；The present disclosure applies equally to the measurements that people leans against valley under seat, sofa backrest, and chair, the stool for hard carry out reasonable radian design and provide foundation, it is made more to be able to satisfy personal comfort level demand.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of displacement measurement methods, belong to field of measuring technique more particularly to a kind of seat or sofa table
The test method and device of valley under face.
Background technique
When buying automobile, seat comfort degree is also increasingly valued；The upholstered furnitures such as seat, sofa are bought, it is comfortable
Degree is even more the primary factor whether buyer can buy.Manufacturer and designer must constantly bring forth new ideas, improve comfort level could be
It occupies a tiny space in the keen competition in market.
Measurement people is sitting in valley under seat, the surface on sofa, has outstanding meaning to the design of seat, sofa, this
Sample can be sitting in concave curved surface under the surface on certain material according to human body, and the cushion and backrest to upholstered furniture carry out subregion and set
Different elasticity and rigidity Design are carried out in meter, such as the zone of action different with leg to back, buttocks.In addition, to hard
Chair, stool (such as: plastics, timber, metal, stone material) carry out reasonable radian design, it is made more to be able to satisfy the comfortable of individual
Degree demand.It is varied with each individual using the comfort level of seat, sofa, continuous development and mature, seat, sofa in view of 3D printing technique
It can be come out by 3D printing by quick Fabrication, the customized trend that can become future development of the individual of these commodity.
There are two main classes for measurement amount of deflection technology: one kind is directly measured using amesdial, displacement meter, and another kind of is by light
Principle camera work is learned, then amount of deflection is obtained by image procossing.Measure the displacement of hard objects (such as steel construction, concrete structure)
It can be measured by amesdial, displacement meter, and the displacement measurement of soft objects can be slightly difficult.Due to seat, the material of sofa
Mostly soft cushion, not only rigidity is smaller, and is it is more tired to measure seat, the lower valley of sofa under the covering of human body
It is difficult.If being internally embedded displacement sensor device in seat, sofa, the overall structure of seat, sofa will certainly be destroyed.Currently, surveying
The device and method for measuring upholstered furnitures valleys under the surface that human body is seated such as seat, sofa are considerably less.The exploitation of Custom8 company
The displacement of a measurement softness cushion sensing pad Idoshape sensing pad, Idoshape sensing pad is with flexible print circuit
Plate measures, and provides the information of human body various forms of sleep systems and seating systems, this invention obtains 2013
Furniture ingredient exhibition prize: intellectual material and design.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome shortcoming and deficiency of the existing technology, the present invention provides a kind of seat or the recessed value in sofa surface
Test method and device can accurately measure seat, the recessed value in sofa surface under human body effect, so that accurately to cushion
The cushion of furniture carries out the design of different elasticity or reasonable radian curved surface.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a kind of seat or sofa surface recessed value
Test method, comprising the following steps:
S1, the surface that strain chip arrays are attached to PVC cushion；
S2, strain chip arrays are connect with statical strain indicator by conducting wire；
S3, PVC cushion is layered on soft cushion to be tested, and all statical strain indicators is returned to zero；People is seated at softness
On cushion, strain chip arrays are tested, and statical strain indicator records the strain of each foil gauge and preservation；
S4, the strain of foil gauge solved based on finite difference calculus and overdetermined linear system, obtain soft cushion
The lower valley on surface.
Further, the step S1 specifically: foil gauge is attached to the displacement same position of sensing pad respectively along the direction x, y
The upper and lower surfaces set, foil gauge is equidistant along the direction x, y, and foil gauge is numbered.
Further, the step S4, specific steps are as follows:
1) curvature of the amount of deflection curved surface on sensing pad surface in the plane of xoz plane parallel is calculated first
Wherein, εxIt is strain, αxIt is sectional twisting angle in the x-direction, rxIt is radius of curvature in the x-direction, seat or sofa
With a thickness of t；
According to strain stressx, calculate x directional curvatureAre as follows:
It can similarly obtain, curvature of the amount of deflection curved surface on sensing pad surface in the plane of yoz plane parallel is
2) by Plate Mechanics it is found that in the case where rectangular slab, obtain amount of deflection curved surface xoz plane and with yoz plane
Curvature estimation formula in parallel plane, they are respectively as follows:
Wherein, w is lower valley；
3) according to Taylor theorem, if lower valley w is four continuously differentiables:
Here x- Δ x < c2< x < c1They are added cancellation first derivative item and obtained by < x+ Δ x:
4) according to general mean value theorem: setting valley w is the continuous function on section [a, b], x1,…xnIt is in [a, b]
Point, and a1,…an> 0, then there are number c to make in a, between b:
(a1+…+an) w (c)=a1w(x1)+…+anw(xn) (9)
Error term in formula (6) and formula (7) is combined, and both sides are all divided by Δ x2Obtain 3 points of second dervative
Central-difference formula:
Wherein, cx∈[x-Δx,x+Δx]；
It can similarly obtain, three dot center's difference formulas in the direction y are as follows:
Wherein, cy∈[y-Δy,y+Δy]；
5) joint type (2)-(5) and formula (10)-(11), and ignore high-order error term, lower valley w and strain stressxRelationship
Are as follows:
6) it since the number of equation in equation group (12) is more than the number of variable, is acquired using overdetermined linear system method
The generalized solution of equation group (12) obtains the lower valley w of soft cushion surface.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the test device of a kind of seat or the recessed value in sofa surface, including displacement sensing pad
With static strain testing instrument, the displacement sensing pad includes PVC cushion and strain chip arrays, and the strain chip arrays foil gauge is viscous
It is attached to PVC cushion surface, the strain chip arrays are connect by conducting wire with static strain testing instrument, wherein
The PVC cushion is as testing cushion；
The strain chip arrays pass to static strain testing by electric wire as testing appliance, by the strain signal of test
Instrument；
The static strain testing instrument is used to read the data of strain chip arrays feedback.
Further, the strain chip arrays include several foil gauges, and the distance between described any two foil gauge is
80mm。
After adopting the above technical scheme, the present invention at least has the following beneficial effects:
(1) not only the cushion to upholstered furnitures such as seat, sofas and backrest progress zoning design have outstanding meaning to the present invention
Justice, and reasonable radian design is carried out to the chair of hard, stool (such as: plastics, timber, metal, stone material), so that it more can
Meet personal comfort level demand；
(2) present invention has stronger innovative and important industrial value and application prospect, it is anticipated that people
Living standard be continuously improved, the comfort demand of the upholstered furnitures such as seat, sofa is also increasingly improved, however, using seat
Chair, sofa comfort level vary with each individual, continuous development in view of 3D printing technique and mature, seat, sofa can pass through 3D
It prints and is come out by quick Fabrication, the customized trend that can become future development of the individual of these commodity；
(3) present invention will generate huge economic benefit and business valence in the design and its manufacturing field of seat, sofa
Value.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the step flow chart of the test method of a kind of seat of the present invention or the recessed value in sofa surface；
Fig. 2 is the structural map of the test device of a kind of seat of the present invention or the recessed value in sofa surface；
Fig. 3 is the foil gauge of the test device of a kind of seat of the present invention or the recessed value in sofa surface on displacement sensing pad surface
On patch method schematic diagram；
When Fig. 4 is that pure bending occurs for the displacement sensing pad of the test device of a kind of seat of the present invention or the recessed value in sofa surface
Strain；
Fig. 5 is foil gauge number and void in the embodiment of the test device of a kind of seat of the present invention or the recessed value in sofa surface
The calculating point schematic diagram of structure；
Fig. 6 is the soft cushion that measures in the embodiment of the test device of a kind of seat of the present invention or the recessed value in sofa surface
Valley under surface.
Specific embodiment
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments and the embodiments of the present application can phase
It mutually combines, the application is described in further detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides the test method of a kind of seat or the recessed value in sofa surface, specific testing procedure
Are as follows:
1) valley foil gauge is attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the same position of PVC cushion, foil gauge edge along the direction x, y respectively under
X, the direction y is equidistant, and foil gauge is numbered；
2) valley uses diameter very little under, and foil gauge is connect by the wiring of resistance very little with statical strain indicator；
3) valley is layered on PVC cushion on soft cushion under, and all statical strain indicators are returned to zero, and people is seated at thereon, strain
Chip arrays are tested, and statical strain indicator records the strain of each foil gauge and preservation；
4) valley is based on finite difference calculus and solves overdetermined linear system theory under, asks the strain of foil gauge
Solution, obtains the lower valley of soft cushion surface.
The principle of the present invention is as follows:
Measured with displacement sensing mattress system seat, sofa lower valley needs make it is assumed hereinafter that:
A) sensing pad, which remains, is close to seat, sofa, i.e. seat, the lower valley (shift value) of sofa upper surface and sensing
That pads is equal；
B) under the gravity of human body, the relative displacement very little occurred in sensing pad and seat, sofa face can be ignored
Disregard；
C) sensing pad and seat, sofa are under human bady gravitational effect, recessed (displacement) very little of generation, straight normal hypothesis according to
So it is applicable in.
D) elasticity modulus of sensing pad is larger, and under human bady gravitational effect, sensing pad is negligible along the deformation of gravity direction
Disregard；And it is shear-deformable smaller, i.e., the upper absolute value strained is equal in the same direction for the upper and lower surfaces of sensing pad.
Displacement induction mattress system consists of two parts: strain chip arrays and static strain testing instrument.What foil gauge was fed back
Strain signal passes to static strain testing instrument by electric wire, and reads data from static strain testing instrument.
For seat, sofa a length of a, the width b of test, with a thickness of h, sensing pad and seat, sofa are isometric wide, thickness
For t.As shown in figure 4, the neutral surface in figure is the plane that should be become zero, since pure bending deformation occurs for sensor pad, neutral surface is
The mid-plane in vertical thickness direction；According to mechanics of materials relevant knowledge, the amount of deflection curved surface on sensing pad surface is equal in xoz plane
Curvature in capable planeSolution mode be
Wherein, αxIt is sectional twisting angle in the x-direction, rxIt is radius of curvature in the x-direction.
By formula (1) it is found that x directional curvatureFor
It can similarly obtain, curvature of the amount of deflection curved surface on sensing pad surface in the plane of yoz plane parallel is
By Plate Mechanics it is found that in the case where rectangular slab, can be derived from similar amount of deflection curved surface xoz plane and with
Curvature estimation formula in the plane of yoz plane parallel, they are respectively
So-called finite difference calculus is exactly that one kind of the differential equation and corresponding boundary condition is replaced with one group of finite difference equations
Numerical solution.It makes the boundary value problem for the differential equation for being difficult to solve be converted to the Algebraic Equation set problem for being easy to solve.Therefore,
It has important practical significance, and application is very extensive.
According to Taylor theorem, if lower valley w is four continuously differentiables,
Here x- Δ x < c2< x < c1They are added cancellation first derivative item and obtained by < x+ Δ x
According to general mean value theorem: setting w is the continuous function on section [a, b], x1,…xnIt is the point in [a, b], and
a1,…an> 0, then there are number c to make in a, between b
(a1+…+an) w (c)=a1w(x1)+…+anw(xn) (9)
Error term in formula (6) and formula (7) is combined, and both sides are all divided by Δ x2Obtain 3 points of second dervative
Central-difference formula
Wherein, cx∈[x-Δx,x+Δx]。
It can similarly obtain, three dot center's difference formulas in the direction y
Wherein, cy∈[y-Δy,y+Δy]。
Joint type (2)-(5) and formula (10)-(11), and ignore high-order error term, the relationship of lower valley and strain is
If equation number is more than the number of variable, referred to as overdetermined linear system in equation group.This equation group one
As without accurate solution, its generalized solution can only be sought under various defined meanings.
As shown in Fig. 2, the present invention provides the test device of a kind of seat or the recessed value in sofa surface, including displacement sensing pad
With static strain testing instrument, being displaced sensing pad 2 includes PVC cushion and strain chip arrays, strains chip arrays by a series of foil gauges 1
It constitutes, displacement sensing pad 2 is placed on above a flexible material 3；PVC cushion is sitting in it as simulation seat or the cushion of sofa, people
On；Chip arrays are strained as testing appliance, the strain signal of test is passed into static strain testing instrument by electric wire；Static state is answered
Become tester and read the data of strain chip arrays feedback, and shows experimental data.
Embodiment one
It is displaced sensing pad 2 and uses layer of transparent flexible PVC, this material has good flexibility, and displacement sensing pad is put
It is placed in above some flexible materials 3 such as tested seat or sofa, seat can be close to, sofa deforms, in its table
Face paste foil gauge 1, the patch method of foil gauge 1 is as shown in figure 3, test its deformation.Foil gauge is attached to transparent flexible along the direction x, y respectively
The upper and lower surfaces of the same position PVC.120.0 ± 1.0 Ω of resistance value of foil gauge, correction factor are 2.04 ± 1.0%,
Size is 8.0mm*3.0mm.Wiring is very thin, and diameter is only 0.45mm.Under human body effect under flexible material surface valley tool
Body testing procedure is as follows:
1) valley foil gauge is attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the same position transparent flexible PVC along the direction x, y respectively under, strain
Spacing of the piece along the direction x, y is respectively Δ x=80mm, Δ y=80mm, and (solid dot is foil gauge in figure, hollow as shown in Figure 5
Point is to fabricate the point come out for finite difference calculus calculating), the every row of single side pastes 9 to foil gauge in the x-direction here, single in the y-direction
Face paste 7,9 × 7 × 2=126 of foil gauge piece is pasted altogether.
2) valley only has 0.45mm using diameter under, and the wiring of resistance very little is by foil gauge and statical strain indicator
DH3818-2 (Jiangsu Dong Hua measuring technology limited liability company) connection；
3) valley is layered on testing cushion on cushion made of Arenga engleri Beccari material under, and all statical strain indicators are returned to zero, height
1.65m, weight 53.8kg people be seated at thereon, start recording data, and saving；
4) valley is based on finite difference calculus and solves overdetermined linear system theory under, is simply compiled using Matlab
Journey handles experimental data, obtains the lower valley of soft cushion surface, as shown in Figure 6.
From fig. 5, it can be seen that the lower valley of buttocks is larger, the lower valley at thigh is also high-visible, and symmetry is very
It is good, and up protrusion is obvious around buttocks, the region between thigh is also slightly convex.It can be seen that this method can be well
Measurement seat, the recessed value in sofa surface under human body effect, and reasonable design seat, sofa.
Illustrated by above-described embodiment, the specific steps that the present invention is implemented by it, can be measured well under human body effect
Seat, the recessed value in sofa surface, this carries out zoning design to the cushion and backrest of upholstered furniture, to the chair of hard, stool into
The reasonable radian design of row, makes it more be able to satisfy personal comfort level demand.
It although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with
Understand, these embodiments can be carried out with a variety of equivalent changes without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention
Change, modification, replacement and variant, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of test method of the recessed value of seat or sofa surface, which comprises the following steps:
S1, the surface that strain chip arrays are attached to PVC cushion；
S2, strain chip arrays are connect with statical strain indicator by conducting wire；
S3, PVC cushion is layered on soft cushion to be tested, and all statical strain indicators is returned to zero；People is seated at soft cushion
On, strain chip arrays are tested, and statical strain indicator records the strain of each foil gauge and preservation；
S4, the strain of foil gauge solved based on finite difference calculus and overdetermined linear system, obtain soft cushion surface
Lower valley；
Specific steps are as follows:
1) curvature of the amount of deflection curved surface on sensing pad surface in the plane of xoz plane parallel is calculated first
Wherein, εxIt is strain, αxIt is sectional twisting angle in the x-direction, rxIt is radius of curvature in the x-direction, the thickness of seat or sofa
For t；
According to strain stressx, calculate x directional curvatureAre as follows:
It can similarly obtain, curvature of the amount of deflection curved surface on sensing pad surface in the plane of yoz plane parallel is
2) by Plate Mechanics it is found that in the case where rectangular slab, amount of deflection curved surface is obtained in xoz plane and equal with yoz plane
Curvature estimation formula in capable plane, they are respectively as follows:
Wherein, w is lower valley；
3) according to Taylor theorem, if lower valley w is four continuously differentiables:
Here x- Δ x < c2< x < c1They are added cancellation first derivative item and obtained by < x+ Δ x:
4) according to general mean value theorem: setting valley w is the continuous function on section [a, b], x1,…xnIt is the point in [a, b],
And a1,…an> 0, then there are number c to make in a, between b:
(a1+…+an) w (c)=a1w(x1)+…+anw(xn) (9)
Error term in formula (6) and formula (7) is combined, and both sides are all divided by Δ x2Obtain three dot center of second dervative
Difference formula:
Wherein, cx∈[x-Δx,x+Δx]；
It can similarly obtain, three dot center's difference formulas in the direction y are as follows:
Wherein, cy∈[y-Δy,y+Δy]；
5) joint type (2)-(5) and formula (10)-(11), and ignore high-order error term, lower valley w and strain stressxRelationship are as follows:
6) since the number of equation in equation group (12) is more than the number of variable, equation is acquired using overdetermined linear system method
The generalized solution of group (12) obtains the lower valley w of soft cushion surface.
2. the test method of a kind of seat as described in claim 1 or the recessed value in sofa surface, which is characterized in that the step
S1 specifically: foil gauge is attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the displacement same position of sensing pad respectively along the direction x, y, foil gauge is along x, y
Direction is equidistant, and foil gauge is numbered.
3. for realizing a kind of seat of any of claims 1 or 2 or a kind of seat of the test method of the recessed value in sofa surface
Or the test device of the recessed value in sofa surface, which is characterized in that including displacement sensing pad and static strain testing instrument, the displacement
Sensing pad includes PVC cushion and strain chip arrays, and the strain chip arrays are pasted onto PVC cushion surface, the strain chip arrays
It is connect by conducting wire with static strain testing instrument, wherein
The PVC cushion is as testing cushion；
The strain chip arrays pass to static strain testing instrument by electric wire as testing appliance, by the strain signal of test；
The static strain testing instrument is used to read the data of strain chip arrays feedback.
4. the test device of a kind of seat as claimed in claim 3 or the recessed value in sofa surface, which is characterized in that the strain
Chip arrays include several foil gauges, and the distance between described any two foil gauge is 80mm.
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| CN201610994920.9A CN106595466B (en) | 2016-11-11 | 2016-11-11 | The test method and device of a kind of seat or the recessed value in sofa surface |
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| CN201610994920.9A CN106595466B (en) | 2016-11-11 | 2016-11-11 | The test method and device of a kind of seat or the recessed value in sofa surface |
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| CN201096577Y (en) * | 2007-07-26 | 2008-08-06 | 宁波柯力电气制造有限公司 | Spherical face point contact type pressing sensor device possessing base |
| CN102359774A (en) * | 2011-07-18 | 2012-02-22 | 扬州大学 | Real-time strain measurement apparatus for stamping and forming and test method thereof |
| BE1019297A5 (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2012-05-08 | Custom8 Nv | A FLEXIBLE SENSOR MAT FOR MEASURING ONE OR MORE PARAMETERS. |
| CN102783955A (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2012-11-21 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Pressure distribution detection device |
| CN204705555U (en) * | 2015-01-07 | 2015-10-14 | 海隆防腐技术工程(太仓)有限公司 | Crooked test instrument |
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2016
- 2016-11-11 CN CN201610994920.9A patent/CN106595466B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201096577Y (en) * | 2007-07-26 | 2008-08-06 | 宁波柯力电气制造有限公司 | Spherical face point contact type pressing sensor device possessing base |
| BE1019297A5 (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2012-05-08 | Custom8 Nv | A FLEXIBLE SENSOR MAT FOR MEASURING ONE OR MORE PARAMETERS. |
| CN102359774A (en) * | 2011-07-18 | 2012-02-22 | 扬州大学 | Real-time strain measurement apparatus for stamping and forming and test method thereof |
| CN102783955A (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2012-11-21 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Pressure distribution detection device |
| CN204705555U (en) * | 2015-01-07 | 2015-10-14 | 海隆防腐技术工程(太仓)有限公司 | Crooked test instrument |
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