CN106593578B - A kind of automobile noise Active Control Method and device - Google Patents

A kind of automobile noise Active Control Method and device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106593578B
CN106593578B CN201611071415.3A CN201611071415A CN106593578B CN 106593578 B CN106593578 B CN 106593578B CN 201611071415 A CN201611071415 A CN 201611071415A CN 106593578 B CN106593578 B CN 106593578B
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China
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reference signal
unit
filter
transmission function
operating condition
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CN106593578A (en
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齐松明
郑四发
王宇
柳仲达
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China (suzhou) Automotive Technology Co Ltd
Suzhou Automotive Research Institute of Tsinghua University
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China (suzhou) Automotive Technology Co Ltd
Suzhou Automotive Research Institute of Tsinghua University
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/06Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using interference effect
    • F01N1/065Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using interference effect by using an active noise source, e.g. speakers

Abstract

The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of automobile noise active control device and method.Wherein, device includes: control unit and the executing agency that is connected with control unit;Control unit includes reference signal acquiring unit, operating condition judging unit, by calibrated filter;Reference signal acquiring unit, for obtaining reference signal relevant to automobile noise, reference signal is obtained according to engine speed and load information;Operating condition judging unit, for determining current working according to reference signal and selecting corresponding filter;Filter, for generating pumping signal according to reference signal and exporting to executing agency after chosen;Structure is executed, for generating secondary voice output according to pumping signal.The master that apparatus of the present invention can simplify in conventional muffler disappears part, reduces exhaust system and takes up space and complexity, and to different automobile types, need to only be re-scaled, update control unit, the development cycle is obviously shortened, suitable Development of Modular.

Description

A kind of automobile noise Active Control Method and device
Technical field
The invention belongs to eliminate field of noise more particularly to a kind of automobile noise removing method and dress based on active control It sets.
Background technique
Existing automotive muffler mostly uses passive type to eliminate the noise, and volume is big, and space hold is excessive, designs and develops the period It is long.And it is directed to the silencer of variety classes such as different displacements, layout, form of silencer etc. all need to redesign.
And the feedforward active noise control device of subsequent development, it is input in filter by acquiring reference signal, and tie It closes the error signal at control point and then obtains the elimination that secondary signal output carries out noise.In this device, reference signal with Error signal generallys use microphone acquisition, since exhaust system working environment is complicated, severe, thus to the durable of microphone Property, reliability requirement are very high, increase system cost.And feed-forward signal takes acoustic signal, can generate secondary acoustic feedback, shadow Acoustic system stability.In addition, exhaust sound quality is often fixed after muffler desing molding, it is not able to satisfy different drivers couple The preference of sound quality.
Summary of the invention
It is in the prior art to solve the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of automobile noise Active Control Method and device Muffler volume is big, and needs using the various problems of microphone bring.
The invention discloses a kind of automobile noise active control device, described device includes:
Control unit and the executing agency being connected with described control unit;
Described control unit includes reference signal acquiring unit, operating condition judging unit, by calibrated filter;
The reference signal acquiring unit, it is described with reference to letter for obtaining reference signal relevant to the automobile noise It number is obtained according to engine speed and load information;
The operating condition judging unit, for determining current working according to the reference signal and selecting corresponding filter;
The filter, for generating pumping signal according to the reference signal and exporting to the execution after chosen Mechanism;
The execution structure, for generating secondary voice output according to the pumping signal.
Preferably, parameter of the filter under different operating conditions passes through to primary channel transmission function and secondary channel biography The preparatory calibration of delivery function determines.
Preferably, described device further includes calibration unit, and the calibration unit includes:
Operating condition selecting unit, primary channel calibration unit, secondary channel calibration unit, filter parameter determination unit and Error microphone:
The operating condition selecting unit, for selecting a certain operating condition as calibration environment;
The primary channel demarcates unit, for establishing reference signal model relevant to engine speed and load information And the parameter of reference signal model is determined to obtain primary channel transmission function according to experimental result;
The primary channel demarcates unit, for according to the signal obtained from the execution structure and from the error wheat The error signal that gram wind obtains obtains secondary channel transmission function;
Filter parameter determination unit, for according to the primary channel transmission function and the secondary channel transmission function Determine the filter parameter under corresponding operating condition.
Preferably, described device further includes Properties Control weight filter, for combining the first control target pair of setting The error signal carries out frequency-domain shaping control.
Preferably, described device further includes robust weighting filter, for combining the second control target of setting to secondary Channel transfer function is modified.
Another aspect of the present invention also discloses a kind of automobile noise Active Control Method, applies in above-mentioned device, institute The method of stating includes:
The reference signal acquiring unit obtains reference signal relevant to the automobile noise, the reference signal according to Engine speed and load information obtain;
The operating condition judging unit determines current working according to the reference signal and selects corresponding filter;
The filter generates pumping signal according to the reference signal and exports to the executing agency after chosen;
The execution structure generates secondary voice output according to the pumping signal.
Preferably, parameter of the filter under different operating conditions is by primary channel transmission function and secondary channel The preparatory calibration of transmission function determines.
Preferably, described device further includes calibration unit, and the calibration unit includes: operating condition selecting unit, primary channel Demarcate unit, secondary channel calibration unit, filter parameter determination unit and error microphone:
The operating condition selecting unit selects a certain operating condition as calibration environment;
The primary channel calibration unit establishes reference signal model relevant to engine speed and load information and root The parameter of reference signal model is determined according to experimental result to obtain primary channel transmission function;
Primary channel calibration unit executes signal that structure obtains and from the error microphone according to from described The error signal of acquisition obtains secondary channel transmission function;
The filter parameter determination unit is according to the primary channel transmission function and the secondary channel transmission function Determine the filter parameter under corresponding operating condition.
Preferably, described device further includes Properties Control weight filter;
The first control target that can control weight filter combination setting carries out frequency-domain shaping to the error signal Control.
Preferably, described device further includes robust weighting filter;
The robust weighting filter combines the second control target of setting to be modified secondary channel transmission function.
The part the utility model has the advantages that master that can be simplified in conventional muffler using control device of the invention is disappeared, reduces exhaust system System takes up space and manufacture craft difficulty.
It to the vehicle of different displacements, need to only be re-scaled, update control unit, therefore active silencer has Certain versatility, development cycle are obviously shortened, and are suitble to Development of Modular.
The error microphone in traditional active noise control system is removed, solves microphone in exhaust system harsh Bad adaptability and the problems such as poor durability in environment, saves the cost of whole system component, ensure that the stabilization of system is lasting Work, the popularization of suitable system.
Reference signal chooses the engine speed and load information of ECU, rather than acoustic sensor picks up, and can effectively eliminate The influence of secondary acoustic feedback.It avoids having used with reference to microphone simultaneously, solves microphone in exhaust system harsh environments The disadvantages of middle bad adaptability and poor durability.
Further, by increasing Properties Control weight filter W1(n) and control target z1(n), residual signals are carried out Frequency-domain shaping meets the needs of different clients and vehicle attribute to design preferred exhaust tail voice quality.By increasing by one A robust weighting filter W2(n) and control target z2(n), it can control the influence of secondary channel modeling error, it is non-adaptive to meet The robust stability of system under the conditions of answering.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this The some embodiments recorded in invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, in the premise of not making the creative labor property Under, it is also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is automobile noise active control device schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is automobile noise active control device structure chart of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the calibration schematic diagram of primary channel transmission function of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the calibration schematic diagram of secondary channel transmission function in the present invention;
Fig. 5 is that feedforward control device shows structure chart in the present invention;
Fig. 6 is feedforward control augmentation structure drawing of device in the present invention;
Fig. 7 is automobile noise active control flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the working condition calibration flow diagram before automobile noise active control of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution in order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, below in conjunction with of the invention real The attached drawing in example is applied, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described implementation Example is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, this field is common Technical staff's every other embodiment obtained without creative efforts, all should belong to protection of the present invention Range.
The invention discloses a kind of automobile noise active control device, described device includes the control increased in exhaust system Unit 1 processed and executing agency 2, as shown in Figure 1.Control unit determines current fortune by reading engine speed and load information Row operating condition, the filter stored after calibration in selection control memory, and then calculate the executing agency at each moment (secondary is raised Sound device) pumping signal, so that it is generated secondary sound at control point and be superimposed with primary noise, to reach the mesh for reducing exhaust noise , frequency of noise elimination is mainly in 100-500Hz.
As shown in Fig. 2, the control unit includes reference signal acquiring unit 11, operating condition judging unit 12, warp
Cross calibrated filter 13;
The reference signal acquiring unit 11, for obtaining reference signal relevant to the automobile noise, the reference Signal is obtained according to engine speed and load information;
The operating condition judging unit 12, for determining current working according to the reference signal and selecting corresponding filtering Device;
The filter 13, for being exported according to reference signal generation pumping signal to described and being held after chosen Row mechanism;
The execution structure, for generating secondary voice output according to the pumping signal.
The present invention is feed-forward type active noise controlling scheme, and feed-forward signal uses engine speed and load information, is replaced Acoustic sensor traditionally picks up, not only can be to avoid using microphone, but also can effectively eliminate the influence of secondary acoustic feedback.? It in specific implementation, needs to carry out working condition calibration, and in the working condition calibration stage, increases additional error microphone at control point, Carry out the filter optimal design under specific operation.Working condition calibration designs specific as follows with filter:
1, working condition calibration
Working condition calibration refers to that vehicle measures under main operating condition and obtains the transmission function of primary channel and secondary channel, shows It is intended to as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.It needs to place an error microphone at control point position in calibration process, when due to calibration Between short and concern eliminate the noise generally too not high in the temperature tail mouth of point, therefore do not need to have the performance of microphone too high It is required that.Primary channel refers to reference signal sensor (engine rotational speed signal that ECU is read) at control point (error microphone) Between channel, secondary channel refers to the channel in executing agency between sub-loudspeaker to control point, defines primary channel and pass Delivery function is Sre(n), secondary channel transmission function is Sye(n)。
The calibration of 1.1 primary channels
When primary channel is demarcated, synthesized reference signal first is needed, by testing the result with theory analysis it is found that exhaust tail The noise of mouth is mainly contributed by engine and transmission system, and frequency and engine speed at engine noise major peaks It is directly related, therefore by acquisition engine rotational speed signal, reference signal can be constructed.By Fourier space it is found that with reference to Signal has following citation form:
X (t)=A1cos(2πf1t)+A2cos(2πf2t)+A3cos(2πf3t)+…+Ancos(2πfnt)+…
T refers to time series in formula, can be time zero, f by engine start moment definitioni, i=1,2 ..., n refers to Harmonic frequency, Ai, i=1,2 ..., n refers to the amplitude of nth harmonic.For different displacements engine, n takes different value, such as four Cylinder engine, engine noise are mainly contributed by its second order, quadravalence and six order harmonics, higher than the high-order harmonic wave contribution amount of six ranks It is very small, therefore above formula can only get first three items, i.e., it is believed that:
X (t)=A1cos(2πf1t)+A2cos(2πf2t)+A3cos(2πf3t)
Wherein A1、A2And A3Value can by experiment determine.
After above-mentioned parameter is selected, primary channel transmission function can be demarcated.Error microphone is placed on control point, it is desirable that The ratio between both reference signal sensor and error microphone sample simultaneously, and gained sample sequence is asked spectral density function, then carry out Inverse Fourier transform seeks time domain filtering.Reference signal is synthesized by engine rotational speed signal, in order to obtain the transmitting of entire frequency band Function, engine acceleration as even as possible under specific load when needing to demarcate, sub-loudspeaker not sounding when demarcating primary channel, There was only engine in system is leading primary sound source.The even acceleration of engine is equivalent to swept-frequency signal, as driving source, i.e., Primary channel transmission function S can be acquiredre(n).The collected engine rotational speed signal of ECU is x (n) in Fig. 3, demarcates microphone Response signal is e (n).
The calibration of 1.2 secondary channels
Engine does not work when secondary channel is demarcated, and there was only secondary sound source (the secondary loudspeaking in executing agency in system Device).Secondary sound source white-noise excitation signal is given, the transmission function of secondary channel is obtained using the method for adaptive channel identification Sye(n).As shown in figure 4, wherein u (t) is a white Gaussian noise signal, x ' (n) is received its functional block diagram for sub-loudspeaker Signal, d ' (n) be the received desired signal of error microphone.Then the weight of sef-adapting filter is realized using LMS algorithm Coefficient update may make that error signal e ' (n) energy is minimum, sef-adapting filter weight coefficient stops if algorithmic statement It updates, using at this timeAs the transfer-function coefficient of secondary channel, wherein L is previously selected Secondary channel transmission function order.
According to the description of above-mentioned calibration process it is found that described device further includes calibration unit, the calibration unit includes:
Operating condition selecting unit, primary channel calibration unit, secondary channel calibration unit, filter parameter determination unit and Error microphone.
The operating condition selecting unit, for selecting a certain operating condition as calibration environment.The primary channel demarcates unit, uses In foundation reference signal model relevant to engine speed and load information and reference signal model is determined according to experimental result Parameter to obtain primary channel transmission function.The primary channel demarcates unit, for obtaining according to from the execution structure Signal and from the error microphone obtain error signal obtain secondary channel transmission function.Filter parameter determines single Member, for determining that the filter under corresponding operating condition is joined according to the primary channel transmission function and the secondary channel transmission function Number.
2, the design of optimal filter
Feed-forward type active noise control system proposed by the present invention is as shown in figure 5, with traditional active noise control system phase Than eliminating reference microphone and error microphone.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, system shown in Figure 5 can be converted into augmented system shown in fig. 6.The augmented system Increase a Properties Control weight filter W1(n) and control target z1(n) and a robust weighting filter W2(n) it and controls Target z processed2(n).Properties Control weight filter W1(n) and control target z1(n) whole for carrying out frequency domain to systematic error signal Shape control by carrying out shaping to filter, and then controls exhaust tail voice quality, not only meets overall sound pressure level requirement, may be used also To adjust specific gravity shared by order etc., to meet the needs of different clients are to vehicle.It is different according to control target, such as difference It is required that sound quality, different W may be selected1(n), W is selected here1It (n) is the equal of the power spectral density of A weighted sound pressure level disturbance Root value can make the A weighted sound pressure level of residual noise signal minimum in this way, more meet the auditory properties of people.Certainly, W1 (n) it also can choose the control filter of other acoustics index such as loudness, speech articulation, roughness.It should be noted that property Can control weight filter and control target be all it is virtual, be only used for design controller Wopt(n), in systems in practice simultaneously, do not have There is corresponding signal.Robust weighting filter W2(n) it is built with control target for the controllable secondary channel of Design of Robustness Stability The influence of mould error, with meet it is non-adaptive under the conditions of system robust stability.Obtaining primary channel transmission function Sre(n) With secondary channel transmission function Sre(n) after, optimal controller W can be carried out with robust control theoryopt(n) design.
In above scheme of the present invention, due to reducing the use of reference microphone and error microphone, exhaust master is increased Reliability, the realizability of moving noise, the complicated severe working environment of exhaust system can not be adapted to by solving microphone, and be avoided The influence of secondary acoustic feedback in conventional feed forward active noise control device.And which simplify the structure of conventional muffler, To reduce the back pressure loss as caused by silencer, and then improve engine performance.In addition, the reduction of component leads exhaust Moving noise control device cost reduces.
The application of exhaust active noise control device reduces the occupied space of exhaust system, easily facilitates chassis and sets Meter.The quality of exhaust system is reduced simultaneously, is designed convenient for automotive light weight technology.
The device has stronger adaptability, for different model engine, need to only be re-scaled, it is single to update control First parameter, thus the achievable modularized production of the device reduce design research and development cost.
Corresponding above-mentioned apparatus, another aspect of the present invention also disclose a kind of automobile noise Active Control Method, apply upper In the device stated, as shown in Figure 7, which comprises
After process starts, vehicle operation carries out the pickup of ECU signal, and determines accordingly operating condition, such as determines Operating condition then filter is selected accordingly in the operating condition of storage, and generate corresponding corresponding signal and executing agency sent out Sound.If the operating condition of judgement is before without calibrated, then EP (end of program).
The present invention is feed-forward type active noise controlling scheme, and feed-forward signal uses engine speed and load information, is replaced Acoustic sensor traditionally picks up, not only can be to avoid using microphone, but also can effectively eliminate the influence of secondary acoustic feedback.? It in specific implementation, needs to carry out working condition calibration, and in the working condition calibration stage, increases additional error microphone at control point, Carry out the filter optimal design under specific operation.Working condition calibration is with filter design procedure as shown in figure 8, detailed description can join See Installation practice, details are not described herein again.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it can also increase Properties Control and robust stability control.
Specifically, described device further includes Properties Control weight filter and robust weighting filter.It is described to can control power First control target of value filter combination setting carries out frequency-domain shaping control to the error signal.The robust weighted filtering Device combines the second control target of setting to be modified secondary channel transmission function.
Although depicting the present invention by embodiment, it will be appreciated by the skilled addressee that the present invention there are many deformation and Variation is without departing from spirit of the invention, it is desirable to which the attached claims include these deformations and change without departing from of the invention Spirit.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of automobile noise active control device, which is characterized in that described device includes:
Control unit, the executing agency being connected with described control unit, calibration unit;
Described control unit includes reference signal acquiring unit, operating condition judging unit, by calibrated filter;
The reference signal acquiring unit, for obtaining reference signal relevant to the automobile noise, the reference signal root It is obtained according to engine speed and load information;
The operating condition judging unit, for determining current working according to the reference signal and selecting corresponding filter;
The filter, for generating pumping signal according to the reference signal and exporting to the executing agency after chosen, Parameter of the filter under different operating conditions passes through the preparatory mark to primary channel transmission function and secondary channel transmission function It is fixed to determine;
The execution structure, for generating secondary voice output according to the pumping signal;
The calibration unit includes operating condition selecting unit, primary channel calibration unit, secondary channel calibration unit, filter parameter Determination unit and error microphone,
The operating condition selecting unit, for selecting a certain operating condition as calibration environment;
The primary channel demarcates unit, for establishing reference signal model relevant to engine speed and load information and root The parameter of reference signal model is determined according to experimental result to obtain primary channel transmission function;
The primary channel demarcates unit, for according to the signal obtained from the execution structure and from the error microphone The error signal of acquisition obtains secondary channel transmission function;
Filter parameter determination unit, for being determined according to the primary channel transmission function and the secondary channel transmission function Filter parameter under corresponding operating condition.
2. automobile noise active control device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described device further includes Properties Control Weight filter carries out frequency-domain shaping control to the error signal for the first control target in conjunction with setting.
3. automobile noise active control device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described device further includes robust weighting Filter, for combining the second control target of setting to be modified secondary channel transmission function.
4. a kind of automobile noise Active Control Method, is applied in device as claimed in any one of claims 1-3, feature It is, which comprises
The reference signal acquiring unit obtains reference signal relevant to the automobile noise, and the reference signal is according to starting Machine revolving speed and load information obtain;
The operating condition judging unit determines current working according to the reference signal and selects corresponding filter;
The filter generates pumping signal according to the reference signal and exports to the executing agency after chosen;
The execution structure generates secondary voice output according to the pumping signal.
5. automobile noise Active Control Method as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the filter is under different operating conditions Parameter be to be determined by preparatory calibration to primary channel transmission function and secondary channel transmission function.
6. automobile noise Active Control Method as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that described device further includes that calibration is single Member, the calibration unit include: operating condition selecting unit, primary channel calibration unit, secondary channel calibration unit, filter parameter Determination unit and error microphone;
The operating condition selecting unit selects a certain operating condition as calibration environment;
The primary channel calibration unit establishes reference signal model relevant to engine speed and load information and according to reality It tests result and determines the parameter of reference signal model to obtain primary channel transmission function;
The primary channel calibration unit is obtained according to the signal obtained from the execution structure and from the error microphone Error signal obtain secondary channel transmission function;
The filter parameter determination unit is determined according to the primary channel transmission function and the secondary channel transmission function Filter parameter under corresponding operating condition.
7. automobile noise Active Control Method as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that described device further includes Properties Control Weight filter;
The first control target that can control weight filter combination setting carries out frequency-domain shaping control to the error signal.
8. automobile noise Active Control Method as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that described device further includes robust weighting Filter;
The robust weighting filter combines the second control target of setting to be modified secondary channel transmission function.
CN201611071415.3A 2016-11-29 2016-11-29 A kind of automobile noise Active Control Method and device Active CN106593578B (en)

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CN108538304B (en) * 2018-03-09 2021-10-01 华侨大学 Active control system for noise in vehicle
CN109994098B (en) * 2019-01-11 2021-02-02 同济大学 Weighted noise active control method based on off-line reconstruction of secondary path
CN111128111B (en) * 2019-12-18 2022-06-03 清华大学苏州汽车研究院(相城) Variable step length feedforward control system and control method for engine active noise control
CN113077778B (en) * 2020-01-03 2023-01-10 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 Active noise reduction system of motor train unit
CN112319846B (en) * 2020-09-25 2022-07-19 中国航空工业集团公司上海航空测控技术研究所 Parameter calibration method for aircraft engine parameter acquisition equipment
CN115370503B (en) * 2022-08-30 2024-01-23 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 Engine active suspension control method based on rotation speed prediction
CN117690404A (en) * 2024-02-04 2024-03-12 清华大学苏州汽车研究院(相城) Active control method and device for engine noise of automobile

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