CN106593578A - Active control method and device for automobile noise - Google Patents
Active control method and device for automobile noise Download PDFInfo
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- CN106593578A CN106593578A CN201611071415.3A CN201611071415A CN106593578A CN 106593578 A CN106593578 A CN 106593578A CN 201611071415 A CN201611071415 A CN 201611071415A CN 106593578 A CN106593578 A CN 106593578A
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- reference signal
- transmission function
- wave filter
- automobile noise
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
- F01N1/06—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using interference effect
- F01N1/065—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using interference effect by using an active noise source, e.g. speakers
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides an active control device and method for automobile noise. The device comprises a control unit and an execution mechanism connected with the control unit. The control unit comprises a reference signal acquisition unit, a working condition determination unit and a calibrated filter. The reference signal acquisition unit is used for acquiring a reference signal related to the automobile noise. The reference signal is obtained based on the engine rotation speed and the load information. The condition determination unit is used for determining a current working condition based on the reference signal and selecting the corresponding filter. The filter is used for generating an excitation signal based on the reference signal after being selected and outputting the excitation signal to the execution mechanism. The execution mechanism is used for generating secondary sound output based on the excitation signal. By the adoption of the active control device and method for the automobile noise, a main muffing part in a traditional muffler can be simplified, the occupied space and complexity of an exhaust system are lowered, only re-calibration is needed and the control unit needs to be updated for different vehicle models, the development cycle is shortened remarkably, and the active control device and method are suitable for modular development.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of noise is eliminated, more particularly to a kind of automobile noise removing method and dress based on active control
Put.
Background technology
Eliminated the noise using passive type more than existing automotive muffler, its volume is big, and space hold is excessive, designs and develops the cycle
It is long.And all need to redesign for the acoustic filter of variety classes such as different displacements, layout, form of acoustic filter etc..
And the feedforward active noise control device of subsequent development, it is input in wave filter by gathering reference signal, and tie
Closing the error signal at control point and then obtaining secondary signal output carries out the elimination of noise.In this device, reference signal with
Error signal is generally gathered using mike, because gas extraction system working environment is complicated, severe, thus to the durable of mike
Property, reliability requirement are very high, increased system cost.And feed-forward signal takes acoustic signal, secondary acoustic feedback, shadow can be produced
Acoustic system stability.In addition, after muffler desing molding, aerofluxuss sound quality is often fixed, it is impossible to meet different drivers couple
The preference of sound quality.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of automobile noise Active Control Method and device, of the prior art to solve
Muffler volume is big, and needs the various problems brought using mike.
The invention discloses a kind of automobile noise active control device, described device includes:
Control unit and the actuator being connected with described control unit;
Described control unit is including reference signal acquiring unit, operating mode identifying unit, through calibrated wave filter;
The reference signal acquiring unit, it is described with reference to letter for obtaining the reference signal related to the automobile noise
Number obtained according to engine speed and load information;
The operating mode identifying unit, for determining current working according to the reference signal and selecting corresponding wave filter;
The wave filter, for after chosen, generating pumping signal according to the reference signal and exporting to the execution
Mechanism;
The execution structure, for generating secondary voice output according to the pumping signal.
Preferably, parameter of the wave filter under different operating modes to primary channel transmission function and secondary channel by passing
The advance demarcation of delivery function determines.
Preferably, described device also includes demarcating unit, and the demarcation unit includes:
Operating mode select unit, primary channel demarcate unit, secondary channel demarcate unit, filter parameter determining unit and
Error microphone:
The operating mode select unit, for selecting a certain operating mode as demarcation environment;
The primary channel demarcates unit, for setting up the reference signal model related to engine speed and load information
And determine the parameter of reference signal model to obtain primary channel transmission function according to experimental result;
The primary channel demarcates unit, the signal that obtains from the execution structure for basis and from the error wheat
The error signal that gram wind is obtained obtains secondary channel transmission function;
Filter parameter determining unit, for according to the primary channel transmission function and the secondary channel transmission function
It is determined that the filter parameter under correspondence operating mode.
Preferably, described device also includes performance weight wave filter, for combining the first control targe pair of setting
The error signal carries out frequency-domain shaping control.
Preferably, described device also includes robust weighting filter, for combining the second control targe of setting to secondary
Channel transfer function is modified.
Another aspect of the present invention also discloses a kind of automobile noise Active Control Method, applies in above-mentioned device, institute
The method of stating includes:
The reference signal acquiring unit obtains the reference signal related to the automobile noise, the reference signal according to
Engine speed and load information are obtained;
The operating mode identifying unit determines current working and selects corresponding wave filter according to the reference signal;
The wave filter generates pumping signal and exports to the actuator after chosen according to the reference signal;
The execution structure generates secondary voice output according to the pumping signal.
Preferably, parameter of the wave filter under different operating modes is by primary channel transmission function and secondary channel
The advance demarcation of transmission function determines.
Preferably, described device also includes demarcating unit, and the demarcation unit includes:Operating mode select unit, primary channel
Demarcate unit, secondary channel and demarcate unit, filter parameter determining unit and error microphone:
The operating mode select unit selects a certain operating mode as demarcation environment;
The primary channel is demarcated unit and sets up the reference signal model and root related to engine speed and load information
Determine the parameter of reference signal model to obtain primary channel transmission function according to experimental result;
The primary channel demarcates unit according to the signal obtained from the execution structure and from the error microphone
The error signal of acquisition obtains secondary channel transmission function;
The filter parameter determining unit is according to the primary channel transmission function and the secondary channel transmission function
It is determined that the filter parameter under correspondence operating mode.
Preferably, described device also includes performance weight wave filter;
The first control targe that the energy weight wave filter combines setting carries out frequency-domain shaping to the error signal
Control.
Preferably, described device also includes robust weighting filter;
The robust weighting filter combines the second control targe of setting and amendment is transferred function by secondary channel.
Beneficial effect:Disappeared part using the master that can simplify in conventional muffler of control device of the present invention, reduce exhaust system
System takes up space and processing technology difficulty.
Vehicle to different displacements, only need to be re-scaled, and update control unit, therefore active silencer has
Certain versatility, the construction cycle substantially shortens, and is adapted to Development of Modular.
The error microphone in traditional active noise control system is removed, mike is solved in gas extraction system harsh
Bad adaptability and the problems such as poor durability in environment, saves the cost of whole system component, it is ensured that system it is stable lasting
Work, the popularization of suitable system.
Reference signal chooses the engine speed and load information of ECU, rather than acoustic sensor pickup, can effectively eliminate
The impact of secondary acoustic feedback.Avoid having used simultaneously and refer to microphone, solve mike in gas extraction system harsh environments
The shortcomings of middle bad adaptability and poor durability.
Further, by increasing Properties Control weights wave filter W1(n) and control targe z1N residual signals are carried out by ()
Frequency-domain shaping, to design preferred exhaust tail voice quality, meets the demand of different clients and vehicle attribute.By increasing by one
Individual robust weighting filter W2(n) and control targe z2N (), can control the impact of secondary channel modeling error, non-adaptive to meet
The robust stability of system under the conditions of answering.
Description of the drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
The accompanying drawing to be used needed for having technology description is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
Some embodiments described in invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, in the premise for not paying creative labor
Under, can be with according to these other accompanying drawings of accompanying drawings acquisition.
Fig. 1 is automobile noise active control device schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is automobile noise active control device structure chart of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the demarcation schematic diagram of primary channel transmission function of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the demarcation schematic diagram of secondary channel transmission function in the present invention;
Fig. 5 shows structure chart for feedforward control device in the present invention;
Fig. 6 is feedforward augmentation structure drawing of device in the present invention;
Fig. 7 is automobile noise active control flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the working condition calibration schematic flow sheet before automobile noise active control of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order that those skilled in the art more fully understand the technical scheme in the present invention, below in conjunction with of the invention real
The accompanying drawing in example is applied, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described enforcement
Example is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than the embodiment of whole.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, this area is common
The every other embodiment that technical staff is obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, should all belong to protection of the present invention
Scope.
The invention discloses a kind of automobile noise active control device, control of the described device including increase in gas extraction system
Unit processed 1 and actuator 2, as shown in Figure 1.Control unit judges current fortune by reading engine speed and load information
(secondary is raised for row operating mode, the wave filter stored after demarcation in selection control internal memory, and then the actuator at calculating each moment
Sound device) pumping signal so as to secondary sound is produced at control point and is superimposed with primary noise, to reduce the mesh of exhaust noise
, frequency of noise elimination is mainly in 100-500Hz.
As shown in Fig. 2 the control unit includes reference signal acquiring unit 11, operating mode identifying unit 12, Jing
Cross calibrated wave filter 13;
The reference signal acquiring unit 11, for obtaining the reference signal related to the automobile noise, the reference
Signal is obtained according to engine speed and load information;
The operating mode identifying unit 12, for determining current working according to the reference signal and selecting corresponding filtering
Device;
The wave filter 13, for after chosen, being exported to described according to reference signal generation pumping signal and being held
Row mechanism;
The execution structure, for generating secondary voice output according to the pumping signal.
The present invention is feed-forward type active noise controlling scheme, and feed-forward signal is replaced using engine speed and load information
Acoustic sensor pickup traditionally, both can avoid using microphone, and the impact of secondary acoustic feedback can be effectively eliminated again.
In being embodied as, need to carry out working condition calibration, and in the working condition calibration stage, extra error microphone increased at control point,
Carry out the wave filter optimal design under specific operation.Working condition calibration designs specific as follows with wave filter:
1st, working condition calibration
Working condition calibration refers to that vehicle measures the transmission function for obtaining primary channel and secondary channel under main operating condition, shows
It is intended to as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.Need to place an error microphone at the position of control point in calibration process, during due to demarcating
Between it is short and pay close attention to point of eliminating the noise typically in the tail mouth that temperature is not too high, therefore and need not have too high to the performance of mike
Require.Primary channel refers to reference signal sensor (engine rotational speed signal that ECU reads) to control point (error microphone) place
Between passage, secondary channel refers to the passage in actuator between sub-loudspeaker to control point, defines primary channel and pass
Delivery function is SreN (), secondary channel transmission function is Sye(n)。
The demarcation of 1.1 primary channel
When primary channel is demarcated, synthesized reference signal first is needed, from experiment and the result of theory analysis, exhaust tail
The noise of mouth is mainly contributed by electromotor and drive system, and the frequency and engine speed at engine noise major peaks
It is directly related, therefore by gathering engine rotational speed signal, you can construct reference signal.From Fourier space, reference
Signal has following primitive form:
X (t)=A1cos(2πf1t)+A2cos(2πf2t)+A3cos(2πf3t)+…+Ancos(2πfnt)+…
T refers to time serieses in formula, can by engine start moment definition be time zero, fi, i=1,2 ..., n refers to
Harmonic frequency, Ai, i=1,2 ..., n refers to the amplitude of nth harmonic.For different displacements electromotor, n takes different value, such as four
Cylinder engine, engine noise is mainly contributed by its second order, quadravalence and six order harmonicses, higher than the high-order harmonic wave contribution amount of six ranks
It is very little, therefore above formula can only get first three items, you can think:
X (t)=A1cos(2πf1t)+A2cos(2πf2t)+A3cos(2πf3t)
Wherein A1、A2And A3Value can by experiment determine.
After above-mentioned parameter is selected, you can demarcate primary channel transmission function.Error microphone is placed on into control point, it is desirable to
Reference signal sensor and error microphone are sampled simultaneously, and gained sample sequence seeks the ratio of both spectral density functions, then carries out
Inverse Fourier transform seeks time domain filtering.Reference signal is synthesized by engine rotational speed signal, in order to obtain the transmission of whole frequency band
Function, electromotor acceleration as even as possible under specific load when needing to demarcate, sub-loudspeaker not sounding when demarcating primary channel,
Only have electromotor to be leading primary sound source in system.Electromotor is even to be accelerated equivalent to swept-frequency signal, as driving source, i.e.,
Primary channel transmission function S can be tried to achievere(n).The engine rotational speed signal that ECU is collected in Fig. 3 is x (n), demarcates mike
Response signal is e (n).
The demarcation of 1.2 secondary channels
Electromotor does not work when secondary channel is demarcated, and (secondary in actuator is raised one's voice there was only secondary sound source in system
Device).Secondary sound source white-noise excitation signal is given, the transmission function of secondary channel is obtained using the method for adaptive channel identification
Sye(n).As shown in figure 4, wherein u (t) is a white Gaussian noise signal, x ' (n) is received its theory diagram for sub-loudspeaker
Signal, d ' (n) be error microphone receive desired signal.Then the weights of sef-adapting filter are realized using LMS algorithm
Coefficient update, if algorithmic statement, can cause the energy of error signal e ' (n) minimum, the stopping of sef-adapting filter weight coefficient
Update, adopt nowUsed as the transfer-function coefficient of secondary channel, wherein L is previously selected
Secondary channel transmission function exponent number.
Understood according to the description of above-mentioned calibration process, described device also includes demarcating unit, and the demarcation unit includes:
Operating mode select unit, primary channel demarcate unit, secondary channel demarcate unit, filter parameter determining unit and
Error microphone.
The operating mode select unit, for selecting a certain operating mode as demarcation environment.The primary channel demarcates unit, uses
Determine reference signal model in the foundation reference signal model related to engine speed and load information and according to experimental result
Parameter obtaining primary channel transmission function.The primary channel demarcates unit, obtains from the execution structure for basis
Signal and from the error microphone obtain error signal obtain secondary channel transmission function.Filter parameter determines single
Unit, for being joined with the wave filter under the corresponding operating mode of the secondary channel transmission function determination according to the primary channel transmission function
Number.
2nd, the design of optimal filter
Feed-forward type active noise control system proposed by the present invention as shown in figure 5, with traditional active noise control system phase
Than eliminating reference microphone and error microphone.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, system shown in Figure 5 can be converted into the augmented system shown in Fig. 6.The augmented system
Increase a performance weight wave filter W1(n) and control targe z1(n) and robust weighting filter W2(n) and control
Target z processed2(n).Properties Control weights wave filter W1(n) and control targe z1N () is whole for carrying out frequency domain to systematic error signal
Shape is controlled, and by carrying out shaping to wave filter, and then controls exhaust tail voice quality, not only meets overall sound pressure level requirement, may be used also
Meet demand of the different clients to vehicle to adjust the proportion shared by order etc..It is different according to control targe, such as difference
The sound quality of requirement, may be selected different W1N (), selects here W1N () is the equal of the power spectral density of A weighteds sound pressure level disturbance
Root value, can so cause the A weighteds sound pressure level of residual noise signal minimum, more meet the auditory properties of people.Certainly, W1
N () can also select the control wave filter of other acoustics index such as loudness, speech articulation, roughness.It should be noted that property
Energy weight wave filter and control targe are all virtual, are only used for designing controller WoptN (), in systems in practice simultaneously, does not have
There is corresponding signal.Robust weighting filter W2N () and control targe are used for the controllable secondary channel of Design of Robustness Stability and build
The impact of mould error, to meet non-self-adapting under the conditions of system robust stability.Obtaining primary channel transmission function Sre(n)
With secondary channel transmission function SreAfter (n), you can carry out optimal controller W with robust control theoryoptThe design of (n).
In such scheme of the present invention, the use due to reducing reference microphone and error microphone increased exhaust main
The reliability of moving noise, realizability, solving mike cannot adapt to the complicated severe working environment of gas extraction system, and avoid
The impact of the secondary acoustic feedback in conventional feed forward active noise control device.And which simplify the structure of conventional muffler,
So as to reduce the back pressure loss caused by acoustic filter, and then improve engine performance.In addition, the reduction of components and parts makes exhaust main
Moving noise control device cost is reduced.
The application of aerofluxuss active noise control device reduces the space shared by gas extraction system, easily facilitates chassis and sets
Meter.The quality of gas extraction system is reduced simultaneously, is easy to automotive light weight technology to design.
The device has stronger adaptability, for different model electromotor, only need to be re-scaled, and updates control single
First parameter, thus the device can complete modularized production, reduce design R&D costs.
Correspondence said apparatus, another aspect of the present invention also discloses a kind of automobile noise Active Control Method, applies upper
In the device stated, as shown in fig. 7, methods described includes:
After process starts, vehicle operation carries out the pickup of ECU signals, and operating condition judged accordingly, such as judges
Operating mode in the operating mode of storage, then wave filter selected accordingly, and generates corresponding corresponding signal actuator is sent out
Sound.Calibrated before the operating mode for such as judging, then EP (end of program).
The present invention is feed-forward type active noise controlling scheme, and feed-forward signal is replaced using engine speed and load information
Acoustic sensor pickup traditionally, both can avoid using microphone, and the impact of secondary acoustic feedback can be effectively eliminated again.
In being embodied as, need to carry out working condition calibration, and in the working condition calibration stage, extra error microphone increased at control point,
Carry out the wave filter optimal design under specific operation.Working condition calibration can join with wave filter design procedure as shown in figure 8, describing in detail
See device embodiment, here is omitted.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, can also increase Properties Control and robust stability control.
Specifically, described device also includes performance weight wave filter and robust weighting filter.The energy control
Value filter combines the first control targe of setting and carries out frequency-domain shaping control to the error signal.The robust weighted filtering
Device combines the second control targe of setting and amendment is transferred function by secondary channel.
Although depicting the present invention by embodiment, it will be appreciated by the skilled addressee that the present invention have it is many deformation and
Change the spirit without deviating from the present invention, it is desirable to which appended claim includes these deformations and changes without deviating from the present invention's
Spirit.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of automobile noise active control device, it is characterised in that described device includes:
Control unit and the actuator being connected with described control unit;
Described control unit is including reference signal acquiring unit, operating mode identifying unit, through calibrated wave filter;
The reference signal acquiring unit, for obtaining the reference signal related to the automobile noise, the reference signal root
Obtain according to engine speed and load information;
The operating mode identifying unit, for determining current working according to the reference signal and selecting corresponding wave filter;
The wave filter, for after chosen, generating pumping signal according to the reference signal and exporting to the actuator;
The execution structure, for generating secondary voice output according to the pumping signal.
2. automobile noise active control device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the wave filter is under different operating modes
Parameter determined by advance demarcation to primary channel transmission function and secondary channel transmission function.
3. automobile noise active control device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described device also includes demarcating single
Unit, the demarcation unit includes:
Operating mode select unit, primary channel are demarcated unit, secondary channel and demarcate unit, filter parameter determining unit and error
Mike:
The operating mode select unit, for selecting a certain operating mode as demarcation environment;
The primary channel demarcates unit, for setting up the reference signal model and root related to engine speed and load information
Determine the parameter of reference signal model to obtain primary channel transmission function according to experimental result;
The primary channel demarcates unit, the signal that obtains from the execution structure for basis and from the error microphone
The error signal of acquisition obtains secondary channel transmission function;
Filter parameter determining unit, for being determined according to the primary channel transmission function and the secondary channel transmission function
Filter parameter under correspondence operating mode.
4. automobile noise active control device as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described device also includes Properties Control
Weights wave filter, the first control targe for combining setting carries out frequency-domain shaping control to the error signal.
5. automobile noise active control device as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described device is also weighted including robust
Wave filter, the second control targe for combining setting transfers function by amendment to secondary channel.
6. a kind of automobile noise Active Control Method, applies in the device as any one of claim 1-5, its feature
It is that methods described includes:
The reference signal acquiring unit obtains the reference signal related to the automobile noise, and the reference signal is according to starting
Machine rotating speed and load information are obtained;
The operating mode identifying unit determines current working and selects corresponding wave filter according to the reference signal;
The wave filter generates pumping signal and exports to the actuator after chosen according to the reference signal;
The execution structure generates secondary voice output according to the pumping signal.
7. automobile noise Active Control Method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that the wave filter is under different operating modes
Parameter be to be determined by advance demarcation to primary channel transmission function and secondary channel transmission function.
8. automobile noise Active Control Method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that described device also includes demarcating single
Unit, the demarcation unit includes:Operating mode select unit, primary channel are demarcated unit, secondary channel and demarcate unit, filter parameter
Determining unit and error microphone:
The operating mode select unit selects a certain operating mode as demarcation environment;
The primary channel is demarcated unit and sets up the reference signal model related to engine speed and load information and according to reality
Testing result determines the parameter of reference signal model to obtain primary channel transmission function;
The primary channel is demarcated unit and is obtained according to the signal obtained from the execution structure and from the error microphone
Error signal obtain secondary channel transmission function;
The filter parameter determining unit determines according to the primary channel transmission function and the secondary channel transmission function
Filter parameter under correspondence operating mode.
9. automobile noise Active Control Method as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that described device also includes Properties Control
Weights wave filter;
The first control targe that the energy weight wave filter combines setting carries out frequency-domain shaping control to the error signal.
10. automobile noise Active Control Method as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that described device also adds including robust
Power wave filter;
The robust weighting filter combines the second control targe of setting and amendment is transferred function by secondary channel.
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CN108538304A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-09-14 | 华侨大学 | Active Control System for Noise Cancelling in Passenger Compartment of Vehicle |
CN109994098A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2019-07-09 | 同济大学 | A kind of weighted noise Active Control Method reconstructed offline based on secondary path |
CN111128111A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-05-08 | 清华大学苏州汽车研究院(相城) | Variable step length feedforward control system and control method for engine active noise control |
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CN113077778A (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2021-07-06 | 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 | Active noise reduction system of motor train unit |
CN115370503A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-11-22 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | Engine active suspension control method based on rotating speed prediction |
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CN108538304A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-09-14 | 华侨大学 | Active Control System for Noise Cancelling in Passenger Compartment of Vehicle |
CN108538304B (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2021-10-01 | 华侨大学 | Active control system for noise in vehicle |
CN109994098B (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2021-02-02 | 同济大学 | Weighted noise active control method based on off-line reconstruction of secondary path |
CN109994098A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2019-07-09 | 同济大学 | A kind of weighted noise Active Control Method reconstructed offline based on secondary path |
CN111128111A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-05-08 | 清华大学苏州汽车研究院(相城) | Variable step length feedforward control system and control method for engine active noise control |
CN111128111B (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2022-06-03 | 清华大学苏州汽车研究院(相城) | Variable step length feedforward control system and control method for engine active noise control |
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CN113077778B (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2023-01-10 | 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 | Active noise reduction system of motor train unit |
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CN117690404A (en) * | 2024-02-04 | 2024-03-12 | 清华大学苏州汽车研究院(相城) | Active control method and device for engine noise of automobile |
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