CN106591611A - Method improving wear resistance of CuW alloy - Google Patents
Method improving wear resistance of CuW alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN106591611A CN106591611A CN201610999638.XA CN201610999638A CN106591611A CN 106591611 A CN106591611 A CN 106591611A CN 201610999638 A CN201610999638 A CN 201610999638A CN 106591611 A CN106591611 A CN 106591611A
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- powder
- cuw
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/045—Alloys based on refractory metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
- C22C27/04—Alloys based on tungsten or molybdenum
Abstract
The invention discloses a method improving the wear resistance of a CuW alloy. The method comprises the following steps: mechanically mixing W powder and Cu powder, and then bonding, airing and sieving the mixture of the W powder and the Cu powder to obtain mixed powder; compacting the mixed powder with a cold-pressing die into a blank; and putting the blank, a pure Cu billet and a Cu-Al-Ni-Fe alloy into a high-purity graphite crucible together, placing the high-purity graphite crucible in an atmosphere-protection high-temperature sintering furnace, and carrying out sintering and infiltration in a protective atmosphere of hydrogen to obtain the CuW alloy. According to the preparation method improving the wear resistance of the CuW alloy, the Cu-Al-Ni-Fe alloy is utilized to replace part of pure Cu, the CuW alloy prepared by a filtration method is uniform in structure distribution, and Cu, Al and Ni can produce a solution strengthening effect to facilitate sintering of the two phases Cu and W and improve the strength of the alloy. The CuW alloy prepared according to the method is improved in density, hardness and electric conductivity and reduced in friction coefficient, and the wear rate of the alloy is relatively low.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to powder metallurgic method prepares CuW technical field of alloy, and in particular to one kind improves CuW Wear Resistances
Method.
Background technology
CuW alloys with good arc ablation resistance, resistance fusion welding and high intensity due to being widely used in
In various choppers, on-load switch.Because copper, the fusing point of tungsten and density have very big difference, and the two is not sent out under normal condition
Life is dissolved each other, so powder metallurgic method is to prepare the common method that CuW alloys are adopted at present.In recent years, science and technology is quick
Develop the allround promotion development of China's all types of industries, at present, China's economy enters the new normality of rapid growth, and electricity needs is still
In ascent stage, for novel high-pressure contact material, it is desirable to can cut-off lower in high frequency time and not fail, at present, commercial CuW
Alloy can not meet the lower high frequency time of this heat, electricity, mechanical couplings effect and cut-off, and impact electrical contact service life it is main because
Element is the mechanical wear of arc erosion and contact in high frequency time swapping process, therefore, the key of novel contact material development exists
In the arc ablation resistance and friction and abrasion that improve contact.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method for improving CuW Wear Resistances so that the coefficient of friction drop of CuW alloys
Low, the wear rate of alloy is relatively small.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is that a kind of method for improving CuW Wear Resistances is comprised the following steps that：
Step 1, tungsten powder and copper powder are bondd after mechanical mixture, dry, sieve powder, obtain mixed-powder；
Step 2, blank is pressed into by the mixed-powder that step 1 is obtained using cold stamping die；
Step 3, the blank that step 2 is obtained, fine copper block and Cu-Al-Ni-Fe alloys are mounted in together in high purity graphite crucible
In being placed in atmosphere protection high temperature sintering furnace, infiltration is sintered under hydrogen shield atmosphere, obtains CuW alloys.
Of the invention the characteristics of, also resides in,
Tungsten powder is the 70% of CuW alloy gross masses in step 1, and copper powder is the 5%～15% of tungsten powder quality.
Tungsten powder and copper powder are fitted in batch mixer in step 1, by the 1 of powder gross mass:2 add rustless steel abrading-ball, with
The mixed powder 4h of the rotating speed of 100r/min.
Pressing pressure 300KN～700KN in step 2, dwell time 30s～50s.
Cu-Al-Ni-Fe alloys in step 3 are that melting dilution is carried out to CuAl10Ni5Fe5 alloys using fine copper to obtain,
Wherein CuAl10Ni5Fe5 alloys and the mass ratio of fine copper are 1：1～3.
Sintering and infiltration is, with hydrogen as protective gas, with the speed of 900 DEG C/h 1300～1400 DEG C to be warming up in step 3,
1～3h of insulation, furnace cooling.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, the method that the present invention improves CuW Wear Resistances, using Cu-Al-Ni-Fe alloys
Replace part fine copper prepared that CuW alloy structures are evenly distributed by infiltration method, Cu and Al, Ni can produce solution strengthening,
And then the biphase sintering of copper tungsten is promoted, improve the intensity of alloy.The density of CuW alloys for preparing in the present invention, hardness and
Electrical conductivity all increased, and coefficient of friction is reduced, and the wear rate of alloy is relatively small.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is CuW alloy structure patterns prepared by the infiltration cu-Al-Ni-Fe alloys of embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 is the hardness of CuW alloys prepared by the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the coefficient of friction of CuW alloys prepared by the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description the present invention is described in detail.
The method that the present invention improves CuW Wear Resistances, comprises the following steps that：
Step 1, carries out melting dilution to CuAl10Ni5Fe5 alloys and obtains Cu-Al-Ni-Fe alloys using fine copper, wherein
CuAl10Ni5Fe5 alloys are 1 with the mass ratio of fine copper：1～3；
Step 2, tungsten powder and copper powder are fitted in batch mixer, by the 1 of powder gross mass:2 add rustless steel abrading-ball, with
The mixed powder 4h of the rotating speed of 100r/min, then bonds, dries, sieves powder, obtains mixed-powder；Tungsten powder is CuW alloy gross masses
70%, copper powder is the 5%～15% of tungsten powder quality；
Step 3, the powder after step 2 is sieved is suppressed by cold stamping die, pressing pressure 300KN～700KN, pressurize 30
Form blank within～50 seconds, control blank height by pad in pressing process carries out oozing copper to reserve quantitative space；
Step 4, the Cu-Al-Ni-Fe alloys that the blank that step 3 is obtained, fine copper block and step 1 are obtained are mounted in together height
During atmosphere protection high temperature sintering furnace is placed in pure graphite crucible, it is warming up to the speed of 900 DEG C/h under hydrogen shield atmosphere
1300～1400 DEG C, furnace cooling after 1～3h of insulation obtains CuW alloys.
The method that the present invention improves CuW Wear Resistances, replaces part fine copper to pass through infiltration using Cu-Al-Ni-Fe alloys
Method is prepared that CuW alloy structures are evenly distributed, while also keeping higher density, hardness and electrical conductivity, its hardness is reachable
255HB, coefficient of friction can be reduced to 0.090, and coefficient of friction reduces 9%, and which is simple to operate, strengthen effect is significant, green
Colour circle is protected.
Because the phases of γ 2 that have needle-like in Cu-Al-Ni-Fe alloy structures and granular β phases, and the density of copper are much smaller than
The density of tungsten, is penetrated into aluminium bronze in CuW alloys using powder metallurgy and infiltration technique by the lower end of CuW alloys, by fine copper by
Upper end is penetrated into.
Needle-like and gritty texture in Cu-Al-Ni-Fe alloys is inlaid in matrix, can reduce CuW alloys as tactile
The coefficient of friction and wear rate of head material, and the addition of Al, Ni, Fe can put forward heavy alloyed hardness with crystal grain thinning.
Embodiment 1
Quantitative tungsten powder, and the induction Cu powder of the 5% of tungsten powder quality are weighed, in being fitted into batch mixer, by powder gross mass
1:2 add rustless steel abrading-ball, with the mixed powder 4h of the rotating speed of 100r/min, carry out wax spray, dry, sieve powder the powder after mechanical mixture
Process, powder is suppressed by cold stamping die, pressing pressure 300KN, pressurize forms blank in 30 seconds, by green compact and fine copper and composition
It is mounted in high purity graphite crucible for CuAl10Ni5Fe5 alloys and is placed in atmosphere protection high temperature sintering furnace, under hydrogen shield atmosphere
1300 DEG C are warming up to the speed of 900 DEG C/h, furnace cooling after insulation 3h, the hardness of gained CuW alloys is 256HBW, electrical conductivity
13.2MS/m, coefficient of friction is 0.097.
Fig. 1 is to be not added with the CuW alloy structures of Cu-Al-Ni-Fe alloys, wherein there is ball-type W50Granule and production W granules two
Plant W powder；
Fig. 2 is that the hardness of CuW alloys prepared by the present invention changes with the Cu-Al-Ni-Fe alloy addition levels of heterogeneity
Broken line graph, it can be seen that with the increase of Cu contents, the close hardness of CuW alloys is reduced.
Fig. 3 is that the Cu-Al-Ni-Fe alloy addition levels of the friction coefficient heterogeneity of CuW alloys prepared by the present invention become
The broken line graph of change, it can be seen that with the increase of Cu contents, the coefficient of friction of alloy is reduced, and the anti-wear performance of copper-tungsten is got over
It is good.
Embodiment 2
Quantitative tungsten powder, and the induction Cu powder of the 10% of tungsten powder quality are weighed, in being fitted into batch mixer, by powder gross mass
1:2 add rustless steel abrading-ball, with the mixed powder 4h of the rotating speed of 100r/min, carry out wax spray, dry, sieve powder the powder after mechanical mixture
Process, powder is suppressed by cold stamping die, pressing pressure 500KN, pressurize forms blank in 40 seconds, by green compact and fine copper and composition
Be mounted in high purity graphite crucible for CuAl5NiFe alloys and be placed in atmosphere protection high temperature sintering furnace, under hydrogen shield atmosphere with
The speed of 900 DEG C/h is warming up to 1350 DEG C, furnace cooling after insulation 2h, and the hardness of gained CuW alloys is 232HBW, electrical conductivity
15MS/m, coefficient of friction is 0.095.
Embodiment 3
Quantitative tungsten powder, and the induction Cu powder of the 15% of tungsten powder quality are weighed, in being fitted into batch mixer, by powder gross mass
1:2 add rustless steel abrading-ball, with the mixed powder 4h of the rotating speed of 100r/min, carry out wax spray, dry, sieve powder the powder after mechanical mixture
Process, powder is suppressed by cold stamping die, pressing pressure 600KN, pressurize forms blank in 50 seconds, by green compact and fine copper and composition
Be mounted in high purity graphite crucible for CuAl2NiFe alloys and be placed in atmosphere protection high temperature sintering furnace, under hydrogen shield atmosphere with
The speed of 900 DEG C/h is warming up to 1380 DEG C, furnace cooling after insulation 1.5h, and the hardness of gained CuW alloys is 228HBW, electrical conductivity
18.5MS/m, coefficient of friction is 0.092.
Embodiment 4
Quantitative tungsten powder, and the induction Cu powder of the 12% of tungsten powder quality are weighed, in being fitted into batch mixer, by powder gross mass
1:2 add rustless steel abrading-ball, with the mixed powder 4h of the rotating speed of 100r/min, carry out wax spray, dry, sieve powder the powder after mechanical mixture
Process, powder is suppressed by cold stamping die, pressing pressure 700KN, pressurize forms blank in 45 seconds, by green compact and fine copper and composition
Be mounted in high purity graphite crucible for CuAl1NiFe alloys and be placed in atmosphere protection high temperature sintering furnace, under hydrogen shield atmosphere with
The speed of 900 DEG C/h is warming up to 1400 DEG C, furnace cooling after insulation 1h, and the hardness of gained CuW alloys is 225HBW, electrical conductivity
21.5MS/m, coefficient of friction is 0.090.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method for improving CuW Wear Resistances, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps that：
Step 1, tungsten powder and copper powder are bondd after mechanical mixture, dry, sieve powder, obtain mixed-powder；
Step 2, blank is pressed into by the mixed-powder that step 1 is obtained using cold stamping die；
Step 3, the blank that step 2 is obtained, fine copper block and Cu-Al-Ni-Fe alloys are mounted in together in high purity graphite crucible and are placed in
In atmosphere protection high temperature sintering furnace, be sintered under hydrogen shield atmosphere, infiltration, obtain CuW alloys.
2. the method for improving CuW Wear Resistances according to claim 1, it is characterised in that tungsten powder is CuW in step 1
The 70% of alloy gross mass, copper powder is the 5%～15% of tungsten powder quality.
3. the method for improving CuW Wear Resistances according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that by tungsten powder in step 1
It is fitted in batch mixer with copper powder, by the 1 of powder gross mass:2 add rustless steel abrading-ball, with the mixed powder 4h of the rotating speed of 100r/min.
4. the method for improving CuW Wear Resistances according to claim 1, it is characterised in that pressing pressure in step 2
300KN～700KN, dwell time 30s～50s.
5. the method for improving CuW Wear Resistances according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Cu-Al- in step 3
Ni-Fe alloys be using fine copper CuAl10Ni5Fe5 alloys are carried out melting dilution obtain, wherein CuAl10Ni5Fe5 alloys with
The mass ratio of fine copper is 1：1～3.
6. the method for improving CuW Wear Resistances according to claim 1 or 5, it is characterised in that sinter in step 3 molten
It is, with hydrogen as protective gas, with the speed of 900 DEG C/h 1300～1400 DEG C to be warming up to ooze, and is incubated 1～3h, furnace cooling.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610999638.XA CN106591611B (en) | 2016-11-14 | 2016-11-14 | A kind of method for improving CuW Wear Resistances |
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| CN201610999638.XA CN106591611B (en) | 2016-11-14 | 2016-11-14 | A kind of method for improving CuW Wear Resistances |
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| CN106591611A true CN106591611A (en) | 2017-04-26 |
| CN106591611B CN106591611B (en) | 2018-05-29 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107245594A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-10-13 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | The preparation method of powdered metallurgical material |
| CN111299594A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-06-19 | 安徽恒均粉末冶金科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of copper-tungsten petal contact |
| CN113278836A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-08-20 | 西安理工大学 | Method for preparing CuW/low-carbon steel heterogeneous bimetallic material |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101279365A (en) * | 2008-05-16 | 2008-10-08 | 西安理工大学 | Preparation of tungsten copper electric contact material with high electric-abrasion resistance |
| CN101515513A (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2009-08-26 | 西安理工大学 | Method for preparing TiC/CuW alloy contact material |
| CN102312146A (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2012-01-11 | 西安理工大学 | Preparation method of CuW70 contact material |
-
2016
- 2016-11-14 CN CN201610999638.XA patent/CN106591611B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101279365A (en) * | 2008-05-16 | 2008-10-08 | 西安理工大学 | Preparation of tungsten copper electric contact material with high electric-abrasion resistance |
| CN101515513A (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2009-08-26 | 西安理工大学 | Method for preparing TiC/CuW alloy contact material |
| CN102312146A (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2012-01-11 | 西安理工大学 | Preparation method of CuW70 contact material |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 谢青青等: "铜钨基金属陶瓷导板的研制", 《物理测试》 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107245594A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-10-13 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | The preparation method of powdered metallurgical material |
| CN107245594B (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2019-02-26 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | The preparation method of powdered metallurgical material |
| CN111299594A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-06-19 | 安徽恒均粉末冶金科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of copper-tungsten petal contact |
| CN113278836A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-08-20 | 西安理工大学 | Method for preparing CuW/low-carbon steel heterogeneous bimetallic material |
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| CN106591611B (en) | 2018-05-29 |
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