CN101279365A - Preparation of tungsten copper electric contact material with high electric-abrasion resistance - Google Patents
Preparation of tungsten copper electric contact material with high electric-abrasion resistance Download PDFInfo
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- CN101279365A CN101279365A CNA2008100182235A CN200810018223A CN101279365A CN 101279365 A CN101279365 A CN 101279365A CN A2008100182235 A CNA2008100182235 A CN A2008100182235A CN 200810018223 A CN200810018223 A CN 200810018223A CN 101279365 A CN101279365 A CN 101279365A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of tungsten-copper electrical contact material with high arc ablation resistance, the method is carried out according to the following steps: copper powder, tungsten powder and rare earth simple substance lanthanum or cerium are firstly weighted according to the proportion; the mechanical alloying is then carried out in a high-energy ball mill; nickel powder and ethanol are further added to carry out the common mechanical mixing; the press forming is carried out in a mold; a green compact is finally arranged in a sintering furnace with high-temperature protective atmosphere for adopting the infiltration technology for sintering and molding, thus obtaining the tungsten-copper electrical contact with high arc ablation resistance. The method of the invention can effectively solve the problem of premature failure caused by serious ablation of the surface of the contact due to the arc ablation, improve the performance and prolong the service life of the tungsten-copper electrical contact material.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of material, relate to the preparation method of instrument and meter and electric equipment tungsten base electric contact material, be specifically related to the W-Cu electrical contact preparation methods that a kind of high arc resistant is ablated.
Background technology
The W-Cu electrical contact material is the pseudo-alloy that copper constituted by the tungsten of high-melting-point, high rigidity and high conduction, high thermal conductivity.At present, loss in the power system power transmission and transformation process of China is big, utilization rate of electrical is low, the time between overhauls(TBO) is short, accident frequently takes place etc., these problems cause owing to the electrical contact quality is low to a great extent, high speed development along with modernization construction, high voltage power transmission and transforming networking load increases day by day, and device for switching is towards more high voltage, bigger capacity direction develop.Traditional high pressure W-Cu electrical contact material, under high voltage, the big function of current, arc erosion makes contact surface produce serious pit and causes premature failure, can not satisfy the demands.For this reason, seek a kind of preparation method that can obviously improve W-Cu electrical contact material arc resistant ablation property, just seem not only urgently but also very necessary.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the W-Cu electrical contact preparation methods that a kind of high arc resistant is ablated, technology is simple, operation easily, and the W-Cu electrical contact material that obtains according to this method can significantly improve the arc resistant ablation property.
Technical scheme provided by the present invention is, the W-Cu electrical contact preparation methods that a kind of high arc resistant is ablated, and this method is carried out according to the following steps,
Step 1, weighing, get 2.4%～17.6% copper powder and 82.4%～97.6% tungsten powder by weight percentage, the particle diameter of copper powder is 200～250 orders, the particle diameter of tungsten powder is 6～8 μ m, copper powder and tungsten powder gross weight are 100%, in addition by above-mentioned copper powder and tungsten powder gross weight the rare earth simple substance lanthanum of weighing 1%～4% or cerium, 0.05%～0.15% nickel powder and the ethanol of 0.5%～1.5% weight milliliter respectively again
Step 2, mechanical alloying, with claim in the step 1 copper powder and tungsten powder respectively take from 20～40% of body weight, put into high energy ball mill with whole rare earth simple substance of step 1 weighing and carry out mechanical alloying, obtain alloyed powder,
Step 3, batch mixing mix the alloyed powder that obtains in remaining copper powder and tungsten powder in the step 1 and the step 2, and add the nickel powder and the ethanol of weighing in the step 1, and common mechanical mixture 6～20 hours obtains mixed powder,
Step 4, compacting are packed the mixed powder that makes in the step 3 in the mould into, with 6～8 tons/centimetre
2Pressure compression moulding, obtain pressed compact, again pressed compact is deviate from from mould,
Step 5, melting infiltration sintering are put into graphite boat with the pressed compact of step 4 gained, add the high purity aluminium oxide filler on every side; in the high temperature protection atmosphere sintering furnace; 1350 ± 5 ℃～1400 ± 5 ℃ of control temperature are incubated 2～2.5 hours and carry out the melting infiltration sintering moulding, promptly get the tungsten-copper alloy bar.
Preparation method of the present invention, its characteristics also be,
Concentration of alcohol is 55%～65% in the step 1.
The rotational speed of ball-mill of high energy ball mill is 200～400 rev/mins in the step 2, and the ball milling ratio is 20～40: 1, and the ball milling time is 2～4 hours.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows that improved the arc resistant ablation property of electrical contact material, and can increase the service life, technology is simple, and is easy to operate.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in more detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
In the present invention, rare earth simple substance lanthanum that adds or cerium can play the effect that disperses electric arc in the tungsten-copper alloy electrical contact material, make electric arc be evenly distributed in the surface of whole contact, make that the ablation of unit are upper contact head will be seldom, the arc resistant ablation property that improves electrical contact material also can prolong the service life of electrical contact.Add the effect that nickel powder has played activated sintering, can increase the intensity of skeleton, help infiltration.Add ethanol and help mixing powder, make that powder is easier to mix.Copper powder and tungsten powder are added in two steps, getting part copper powder and tungsten powder and rare earth simple substance lanthanum or cerium earlier puts into high energy ball mill and carries out mechanical alloying, be to ooze conveniently for molten, for next step provides a molten passage that oozes, again with the alloyed powder after remaining copper powder and tungsten powder and the mechanical alloying, and adding ingredient prepares mechanical mixture together, then can improve whole relative density, thereby obtain high performance electrical contact material.
Preparation method of the present invention carries out according to the following steps,
Step 1, weighing, get 2.4%～17.6% copper powder and 82.4%～97.6% tungsten powder by weight percentage, the particle diameter of copper powder is 200～250 orders, the particle diameter of tungsten powder is 6～8 μ m, copper powder and tungsten powder gross weight are 100%, in addition by above-mentioned copper powder and tungsten powder gross weight the rare earth simple substance lanthanum of weighing 1%～4% or cerium, 0.05%～0.15% nickel powder and the ethanol of 0.5%～1.5% weight milliliter respectively again, concentration of alcohol is 55%～65%
Step 2, mechanical alloying, with claim in the step 1 copper powder and tungsten powder respectively take from 20～40% of body weight, put into high energy ball mill with whole rare earth simple substance of step 1 weighing and carry out mechanical alloying, rotational speed of ball-mill is 200～400 rev/mins, the ball milling ratio is 20～40: 1, the ball milling time is 2～4 hours, obtains alloyed powder.
Step 3, batch mixing mix the alloyed powder that obtains in remaining copper powder and tungsten powder in the step 1 and the step 2, and add the nickel powder and the ethanol of weighing in the step 1, and common mechanical mixture 6～20 hours obtains mixed powder,
Step 4, compacting are packed the mixed powder that makes in the step 3 in the mould into, with 6～8 tons/centimetre
2Pressure compression moulding, obtain pressed compact, again pressed compact is deviate from from mould,
Step 5, melting infiltration sintering are put into graphite boat with the pressed compact of step 4 gained, add the high purity aluminium oxide filler on every side; in the high temperature protection atmosphere sintering furnace; 1350 ± 5 ℃～1400 ± 5 ℃ of control temperature are incubated 2～2.5 hours and carry out the melting infiltration sintering moulding, promptly get the tungsten-copper alloy bar.
Embodiment 1
Producing diameter is 20 millimeters, and length is 60 millimeters, and the Rare Earth Lanthanum addition is 2%, and percetage by weight is respectively 70 and 30 tungsten-copper alloy W70Cu30La electrical contact material.
Step 1, with particle diameter be 200 purpose copper powders, particle diameter be the tungsten powder of 6 μ m by following weight weighing, the gross weight of copper powder and tungsten powder is 280 grams, again according to 2% weighing lanthanum, 5.6 grams of copper and tungsten powder gross weight.
Copper powder (17.6%) 49.28 gram tungsten powder (82.4%) 230.72 gram
Step 2, with claim in the step 1 copper powder and tungsten powder respectively take from 20% of body weight, put into high energy ball mill with 5.6 gram lanthanums of step 1 weighing and carry out mechanical alloying, the rotating speed of high energy ball mill is 400 rev/mins, the ball milling ratio is 40: 1, the ball milling time is 4 hours, makes alloyed powder 61.6 grams
Copper powder (20%) 9.856 gram tungsten powder (20%) 46.144 gram
Step 3, with the alloyed powder after the mechanical alloying in remaining copper powder and tungsten powder and the step 2 in the step 1, and adding ingredient is by the preparation of following weight, and concentration of ethanol is 55%,
Residue copper powder (80%) 39.424 gram residue tungsten powder (80%) 184.576 gram
Alloyed powder 61.6 grams
(1%) 2.8 milliliter of nickel powder (0.1%) 0.28 gram ethanol
With the common mechanical mixture of above-mentioned powder 6 hours, obtain mixed powder 285.88 grams.
Step 4 is packed mixed powder 285.88 gram of step 3 in 22 millimeters of diameters, long 62 millimeters the mould into, with 6 tons/centimetre
2Pressure compression moulding, again pressed compact is deviate from from mould.
Step 5 is put into graphite boat with above-mentioned pressed compact, adds the high purity aluminium oxide filler on every side, and in high temperature protection atmosphere helium sintering furnace, 1350 ± 5 ℃ of control temperature are incubated 2 hours and carry out the melting infiltration sintering moulding.
At last with about 22 millimeters of the diameter that sinters, being about 62 millimeters tungsten-copper alloy bar, to be processed into required diameter be 20 millimeters, length is 60 millimeters size.
Embodiment 2
Producing diameter is 30 millimeters, and length is 80 millimeters, and rare earth cerium addition is 1%, and percetage by weight is respectively 80 and 20 tungsten-copper alloy W80Cu20Ce electrical contact material.
Step 1 is that 250 purpose copper powders, particle diameter are that the tungsten powder of 8 μ m is by following weight weighing with particle diameter.Gross weight 803 grams, 1% weighing cerium 8.03 according to copper powder and tungsten powder gross weight restrains again.
Copper powder (5.8%) 46.574 gram tungsten powder (94.2%) 756.426 gram
Step 2, with claim in the step 1 copper powder take from 35% i.e. 16.301 grams of body weight, tungsten powder is taken from 25% of body weight and promptly 189.107 is restrained, put into high energy ball mill with 8.03 gram ceriums of step 1 weighing and carry out mechanical alloying, the high energy ball mill rotating speed is 300 rev/mins, the ball milling ratio is 30: 1, and the ball milling time is 3 hours, makes alloyed powder 213.438 grams.
Step 3, with the alloyed powder after the mechanical alloying in remaining copper powder and tungsten powder and the step 2 in the step 1, and adding ingredient is by the preparation of following weight, and concentration of ethanol is 60%,
Residue copper powder (65%) 30.273 gram residue tungsten powder (75%) 567.319 gram
Alloyed powder 213.438 grams
(1.5%) 12.045 milliliter of nickel powder (0.05%) 0.4015 gram ethanol
With the common mechanical mixture of above-mentioned powder 20 hours, obtain mixed powder 823.4765 grams.
Step 4 is with pack into 32 millimeters of diameters of mixed powder 823.4765 gram of step 3, in long 82 millimeters the mould, with 7 tons/centimetre
2Pressure compression moulding, again pressed compact is deviate from from mould.
Step 5 is put into graphite boat with above-mentioned pressed compact, adds the high purity aluminium oxide filler on every side, and in high temperature protection atmosphere hydrogen sintering furnace, 1380 ± 5 ℃ of temperature of control are incubated 2.2 hours and carry out the melting infiltration sintering moulding and obtain the tungsten-copper alloy bar.At last with about 32 millimeters of the diameter that sinters, being about 82 millimeters tungsten-copper alloy bar, to be processed into diameter be 30 millimeters, and length is 80 millimeters size.
Embodiment 3
Producing diameter is 15 millimeters, and length is 60 millimeters, and the Rare Earth Lanthanum addition is 4%, and percetage by weight is respectively 85 and 15 tungsten-copper alloy W85Cu15La electrical contact material.
Step 1 is that 230 purpose copper powders, particle diameter are that the tungsten powder of 7 μ m is by following weight weighing with particle diameter.Gross weight 187 grams, 4% weighing lanthanum 7.48 according to copper powder and tungsten powder gross weight restrains again.
Copper powder (2.4%) 4.488 gram tungsten powder (97.6%) 182.512 gram
Step 2, with claim in the step 1 copper powder take from 40% i.e. 1.795 grams of body weight, tungsten powder is taken from 40% of body weight and promptly 73.0048 is restrained, put into high energy ball mill with 7.48 gram lanthanums of step 1 weighing and carry out mechanical alloying, drum's speed of rotation is 200 rev/mins, the ball milling ratio is 20: 1, and the ball milling time is 2 hours, makes alloyed powder 82.2798 grams.
Step 3, with the alloyed powder after the mechanical alloying in remaining copper powder and tungsten powder and the step 2 in the step 1, and adding ingredient is by the preparation of following weight, and concentration of ethanol is 65%,
Residue copper powder (60%) 2.693 gram residue tungsten powder (60%) 109.5072 gram
Alloyed powder 82.2798 grams
(0.5%) 0.935 milliliter of nickel powder (0.15%) 0.2805 gram ethanol
With the common mechanical mixture of above-mentioned powder 10 hours, obtain mixed powder 194.7605 grams.
Step 4 with pack into 17 millimeters of diameters of mixed powder 194.7605 gram of step 3, in long 62 millimeters the mould, with 8 tons/centimetre 2 pressure compression moulding, is deviate from pressed compact again from mould.
Step 5 is put into graphite boat with above-mentioned pressed compact, adds the high purity aluminium oxide filler on every side, and in high temperature protection atmosphere hydrogen sintering furnace, 1400 ± 5 ℃ of temperature of control are incubated 2.5 hours and carry out the melting infiltration sintering moulding and obtain the tungsten-copper alloy bar.At last with about 17 millimeters of the diameter that sinters, being about 62 millimeters tungsten-copper alloy bar, to be processed into diameter be 15 millimeters, and length is 60 millimeters size.
The present invention adopts activated sintering technology or interpolation " the 3rd constituent element ", not only improve the wellability of tungsten to copper, and the performance of contact material is significantly improved, its high density, high thermal conductivity, high strength and hardness, low-resistivity, low thermal coefficient of expansion, and anti-electrical arc erosion, the advantage of performances such as resistance fusion welding, anti-galvanic corrosion on contact material is used is that other material can't replace in a short time.Weight loss such as following table that the electrical contact of the electrical contact material of interpolation rare earth and conventional method preparation was ablated 20 minutes under electric arc, the W-Cu electrical contact material that demonstrates the inventive method preparation has remarkable advantages.
| The preparation method | Weight loss (mg) |
| Conventional method | 4.6 |
| The embodiment of the invention 1 | 3.3 |
| The embodiment of the invention 2 | 3.0 |
| The embodiment of the invention 3 | 3.5 |
The W-Cu electrical contact material that this method is prepared, can under high voltage, big electric current, open and close the surface that the electric arc that forms is evenly distributed on whole contact, energy on the unit are will be seldom like this, rare earth constituent element that adds and copper form low-melting compound, volatile and move to the surface, also can take away a large amount of heat energy, reach and improve the arc resistant ablation property and prolong contact and even the purpose in whole breaker apparatus life-span.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of W-Cu electrical contact preparation methods of high arc resistant ablation is characterized in that this method is carried out according to the following steps,
Step 1, weighing, get 2.4%～17.6% copper powder and 82.4%～97.6% tungsten powder by weight percentage, the particle diameter of copper powder is 200～250 orders, the particle diameter of tungsten powder is 6～8 μ m, copper powder and tungsten powder gross weight are 100%, in addition by above-mentioned copper powder and tungsten powder gross weight the rare earth simple substance lanthanum of weighing 1%～4% or cerium, 0.05%～0.15% nickel powder and the ethanol of 0.5%～1.5% weight milliliter respectively again
Step 2, mechanical alloying, with claim in the step 1 copper powder and tungsten powder respectively take from 20～40% of body weight, put into high energy ball mill with whole rare earth simple substance of step 1 weighing and carry out mechanical alloying, obtain alloyed powder,
Step 3, batch mixing mix the alloyed powder that obtains in remaining copper powder and tungsten powder in the step 1 and the step 2, and add the nickel powder and the ethanol of weighing in the step 1, and common mechanical mixture 6～20 hours obtains mixed powder,
Step 4, compacting are packed the mixed powder that makes in the step 3 in the mould into, with 6～8 tons/centimetre
2Pressure compression moulding, obtain pressed compact, again pressed compact is deviate from from mould,
Step 5, melting infiltration sintering are put into graphite boat with the pressed compact of step 4 gained, add the high purity aluminium oxide filler on every side; in the high temperature protection atmosphere sintering furnace; 1350 ± 5 ℃～1400 ± 5 ℃ of control temperature are incubated 2～2.5 hours and carry out the melting infiltration sintering moulding, promptly get the tungsten-copper alloy bar.
2, preparation method according to claim 1, its characteristics are that concentration of alcohol is 55%～65% in the described step 1.
3, preparation method according to claim 1, its characteristics are that the rotational speed of ball-mill of high energy ball mill is 200～400 rev/mins in the described step 2, and the ball milling ratio is 20～40: 1, and the ball milling time is 2～4 hours.
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| CN102162055A (en) * | 2011-04-08 | 2011-08-24 | 福州博力达机电有限公司 | Method for preparing a tungsten-copper composite material with high arc ablation resistance |
| CN102225434A (en) * | 2011-04-13 | 2011-10-26 | 陕西理工机电科技有限公司 | Method for preparing tungsten copper alloy wire materials by using hot-swage technology |
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| CN109093111A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2018-12-28 | 靖江市海源新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of copper-tungsten |
| CN110438383A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-11-12 | 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 | A kind of arc resistant ablator and preparation method thereof, application |
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| CN114932222A (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-08-23 | 合肥工业大学智能制造技术研究院 | Method for improving density of tungsten-copper alloy |
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- 2008-05-16 CN CN200810018223A patent/CN100588483C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN102162055A (en) * | 2011-04-08 | 2011-08-24 | 福州博力达机电有限公司 | Method for preparing a tungsten-copper composite material with high arc ablation resistance |
| CN102162055B (en) * | 2011-04-08 | 2012-08-22 | 福州博力达机电有限公司 | Method for preparing a tungsten-copper composite material with high arc ablation resistance |
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| CN102353819A (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2012-02-15 | 南通华达微电子集团有限公司 | Heavy current test pawl |
| CN106591611A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-04-26 | 西安理工大学 | Method improving wear resistance of CuW alloy |
| CN106591611B (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2018-05-29 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of method for improving CuW Wear Resistances |
| CN106702194A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-24 | 福建工程学院 | Preparation method for high-abrasion-resistance carbide composite material of gradient structure |
| CN109093111A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2018-12-28 | 靖江市海源新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of copper-tungsten |
| CN110438383A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-11-12 | 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 | A kind of arc resistant ablator and preparation method thereof, application |
| CN111321316A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-06-23 | 紫金矿业集团黄金冶炼有限公司 | Preparation method of gold-nickel alloy material |
| CN111636023A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-09-08 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method of copper-tungsten gradient material electrical contact |
| CN113070478A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-07-06 | 深圳市注成科技股份有限公司 | Tungsten-copper alloy feed, preparation method, tungsten-copper alloy workpiece and manufacturing method |
| CN113070478B (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2023-08-08 | 深圳市注成科技股份有限公司 | Tungsten-copper alloy feed, preparation method, tungsten-copper alloy workpiece and manufacturing method |
| CN114758840A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-07-15 | 苏州晶讯科技股份有限公司 | Tungsten-copper electrode slurry for high-temperature co-fired ceramic system and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN114758840B (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2023-12-01 | 苏州晶讯科技股份有限公司 | Tungsten copper electrode slurry for high-temperature co-fired ceramic system and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN114932222A (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-08-23 | 合肥工业大学智能制造技术研究院 | Method for improving density of tungsten-copper alloy |
| CN114932222B (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2023-11-07 | 合肥工业大学智能制造技术研究院 | Method for improving density of tungsten-copper alloy |
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