CN106588474A - Tree plantation matrix for decomposing and utilizing fallen leaves, and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a tree plantation matrix for decomposing and utilizing fallen leaves, and a preparation method thereof. The tree plantation matrix is prepared from, by weight, a cellulase preparation, a resin monomer mixture, corn starch, Radix Puerariae, eucalyptus sawdust, straws, vermiculite powder, plant ash, fly ash, bentonite, domestic fungus leftover, amino acid powder and a proper amount of water. The tree matrix has very good water absorption and retention performances; a grafting reaction of resin and starch realizes cellulase coating, so the activity action time of enzymes is prolonged; and the matrix is very practical in regions rich in fallen tree leaves, accelerates the decomposition of the fallen leaves, and allows the fallen leaves to be used after being converted into an organic fertilizer and to become a very good fertilizer.

Description

A kind of planting tree substrate decomposed using fallen leaves and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to the Technology field of plantation, and in particular to a kind of planting tree substrate decomposed using fallen leaves And preparation method thereof.

Background technology

Cellulase is one group of single-minded cellulolytic enzyme, can effective hydrocellulose, but practice process kind finds, The enzymolysis efficiency of cellulose degraded cellulose is relatively low, causes production cost higher, which has limited the hydrolysis production of cellulose. Immobilized enzyme catalysis reaction terminates to have the advantages that to reclaim, easily separated, repeated multiple times use, so cellulose enzyme immobilizatio Research enjoys the concern of people for a long time.Develop that low cost, stability is high, the process for fixation that simplicity is used and new Functional vector material, to expand immobilized cellulase application in the industrial production it is most important.

Starch is cheap and easy to get, with acrylamide etc. Jing after glycerol polymerization, the pelleted substrate of porous is obtained, while It is a kind of super absorbent resin, is a kind of with three-dimensional netted functional high molecule material, and water holding capacity is very high.From 20 Since the sixties in century, super absorbent resin has been widely used for agricultural, gardening, health care, petrochemical industry, daily cosmetic The aspects such as product, building materials.Except starch based graft polymer resin accident, other also have the resin of cellulose family and synthetic class Graft polymers.Wherein starch based because material is renewable, wide material sources, species is more, yield is big, cheap and easy to get, compares latter two And receive much concern.

The plantation of agricultural trees and the most suitable condition of plantation of fruit tree are typically all the damp soil condition with sandy loam, It is ventilative that the soil is porous, a height of optimum of the content of organic matter, and typically：In order to improve the content of the soil organism, heavy dressing Fertilizer, one side soil are extremely difficult to loose purpose, and organic matter is difficult to penetrate into bottom, when being trapped in planting tree always Near Ground, through being easy to be lost in, even if loosing soil, it is also difficult to reach the optimum efficiency of fertilizer, reason is current Organic acid and all kinds of organic principles that fertilizer is produced after decomposing, can produce gum components, and gluing soil makes the soil of chiltern It is bonded together, promotes soil closed airtight, the time one is grown by the airtight crisis that can send out pest and disease damage various, for a lot The problem that seeds can all be present.Further, period in autumn tree deciduous leaf, thick fallen leaves are good fertilizer materials, but often Fallen leaves for many years have been saved bit by bit on the ground on the ground such as the woods, mountain area, and humus layer is extremely thick, are on the one hand susceptible to fire, while affecting fertilizer The administration of material, so substantial amounts of fallen leaves are piled up reason and are：There are no the microorganism species of fast decoupled fallen leaves in soil so that So huge organic matter material quickly can not be utilized.

The content of the invention

The present invention have studied a kind of planting matrix of form of spherical particles to improve the plantation efficiency of trees class crops, Be conducive to improving soil water sorption, water conservation and the capacity of decomposition to cellulose family material, realize particular by following method：

A kind of planting tree substrate decomposed using fallen leaves, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following weight portion：Cellulase Preparation 8 ~ 15, resin monomer mixture 30 ~ 40, corn starch 5 ~ 10, Radix Puerariae 15 ~ 20, Eucalyptuss sawdust 10 ~ 15, Caulis et Folium Oryzae 25 ~ 35, Vermiculite power 6 ~ 12, plant ash 5 ~ 10, flyash 10 ~ 15, bentonite 8 ~ 14, edible fungi leftovers 40 ~ 50,2 ~ 5 He of aminoacid powder Appropriate water；

Described resin monomer mixture be by weight portion be 30 ~ 40 parts of the acrylic monomerss of unit, initiator potassium persulfate 2 ~ 4 0.5 ~ 1.0 part of part and cross-linking agent N,N methylene bis acrylamide are mixed.

A kind of preparation method for decomposing the planting tree substrate using fallen leaves, it is characterised in that including following step：

（1）By corn starch, in water-bath, heating and thermal insulation, to 40 ~ 50 DEG C, is stirred to gelatinizing, and then mixing adds resin monomer Compositionss and cellulase preparation, under heat-retaining condition, shaking table rocks 2 ~ 3h of polyreaction, after the completion of be vacuum dried, ground 60 ~ The micropowder of 80 mesh sieves；

（2）Mixing Radix Puerariae, Eucalyptuss sawdust and Caulis et Folium Oryzae, first soak and boil, and standing is dried, and grinds to form powder, with（1）Described Micropowder is mixed and made into mixed dust formulation；

（3）Mixing plant ash, bentonite, aminoacid powder and other following other compositions being not directed to, add 2 ~ 3 times of its weight portions Water, be milled to homogenate, add（2）Gained mixed dust formulation, obtains thick paste after composition stirring and evenly mixing, disc granulation makes 4 ~ 8mm grains Footpath it is spherical.

The carrier that starch-grafted super absorbent resin polymer is used for immobilized cellulase is now gradually ripe, and has It is most by cellulose substances mostly in the composition of machine thing, except cellulose-decomposing bacterium quasi-microorganism can play certain effect Outward, cellulose itself decomposition rate in soil is slower, and simple use CELLULOLYTIC BACTERIUM or cellulase preparation, in fierceness In the natural environment of competition, all it is difficult to maintain persistent effect, therefore, water-absorbent polymeric of the invention using starch-grafted resin Used as carrier, for the carrier of cellulase, the cellulase activity time under the conditions of coating greatly prolongs thing.

In terms of starch-grafted resinous polymer also has fabulous water suction, water retention characteristic, the substrate for trees simultaneously, effect Really fabulous, with the starch of solubility as glycerol polymerization starch, acrylic monomerss are resin monomer, cross-linking agent N, N- di-2-ethylhexylphosphine oxides third Acrylamide, initiator select potassium peroxydisulfate, first 40 ~ 50 DEG C in starch water-bath are stirred to gelatinizing, and then mixing adds resin Combination of monomers liquid and cellulase preparation, insulation vibration rock 2 ~ 3h of polyreaction, after the completion of distilled water wash, vacuum drying, It is ground into micropowder；And utilize in infrared spectrogram as can be seen that wave number be 3430,1670,1559cm-1 when appearance-OH ,- CO—CH₂With-COO-characteristic absorption peak, show that acrylic acid has successfully been grafted on starch molecule, shone using high power fiber Piece, it is apparent that polymer beads mutually wind it is latticed, illustrate in the presence of microwave, starch and acrylic monomerss What is formed is the fenestral fabric that interaction runs through, and acrylic acid can be coated with cellulose with the starch-grafted fenestral fabric being polymerized Enzyme, there is provided a good protective condition, is unlikely to be disturbed by environmental factorss are too big, and cellulase can also be tieed up for a long time An efficient activity is held, while starch-grafted resin also has a good water absorption character, using this coating enzymatic determination Its vigor, the immobilized enzyme of 0.01g is put in 20ml test tubes, adds the solution of rich cellulose, naturally anti-after preheating Should, after detection reaction, the degraded situation of cellulose, can substantially observe the activity of enzyme.

The water-absorbing resin of this coating enzyme is used as the substrate of planting tree for company, while adding the straw of fibre rich Powder, stone powder, fermentation material, soil etc., are a granulated into spheroidal particle after making thick paste, powder of straw is mainly made up of cellulose, after pelletize The degraded of powder of straw can be accelerated using coated cellulase, hole is formed, virtually increased the specific surface area of granule, The gas permeability of soil is improved, is greatly prolonged by holding time for the coated cellulase activity of graft resin, trees can be decomposed Fallen leaves, improve the fertilizer utilization of organic material, reduce inorganic fertilizer amount of application, and last starch-grafted resinous polymer also has certain Water suction, water holding capacity, it is helpful to improving soil moisture.

Beneficial effects of the present invention：The trees substrate of invention has well water suction, outside water retention property, using resin with form sediment The graft reaction of powder has been coated with cellulase, extends the active function time of enzyme, and abundant for trees class fallen leaves is regional non- Chang Shiyong, can accelerate becoming thoroughly decomposed for fallen leaves, utilize, will become good fertilizer after transformation fertilizer.

Specific embodiment

Embodiment 1：

A kind of planting tree substrate decomposed using fallen leaves, it is characterised in that by following weight portion（Kg）Raw material make：Fiber Plain enzyme preparation 12, resin monomer mixture 35, corn starch 6, Radix Puerariae 18, Eucalyptuss sawdust 14, Caulis et Folium Oryzae 30, vermiculite power 8, plant ash 9th, flyash 12, bentonite 10, edible fungi leftovers 50, aminoacid powder 3 and appropriate water；

Described resin monomer mixture is by weight portion（Kg）For 35 parts of the acrylic monomerss of unit, initiator potassium persulfate 3 0.6 part of part and cross-linking agent N,N methylene bis acrylamide are mixed.

A kind of preparation method for decomposing the planting tree substrate using fallen leaves, it is characterised in that including following step：

（1）By corn starch, in water-bath, heating and thermal insulation, to 40 ~ 50 DEG C, is stirred to gelatinizing, and then mixing adds resin monomer Compositionss and cellulase preparation, under heat-retaining condition, shaking table rocks 2 ~ 3h of polyreaction, after the completion of be vacuum dried, ground 60 ~ The micropowder of 80 mesh sieves；

（2）Mixing Radix Puerariae, Eucalyptuss sawdust and Caulis et Folium Oryzae, first soak and boil, and standing is dried, and grinds to form powder, with（1）Described Micropowder is mixed and made into mixed dust formulation；

（3）Mixing plant ash, bentonite, aminoacid powder and other following other compositions being not directed to, add 2 ~ 3 times of its weight portions Water, be milled to homogenate, add（2）Gained mixed dust formulation, obtains thick paste after composition stirring and evenly mixing, disc granulation makes 4 ~ 8mm grains Footpath it is spherical.

Circular groove is dug when Cercis chinensis seedlings are transplanted or near adult seeds root system, the plantation grafting of the present invention is pressed into 2: 1 ratio and subsoil blended landfill, effect is significant, greatly improve soil moisturizing ability, and soil inorganic fertilizer amount of application is reduced, growing way More preferably.

Claims (2)

1. it is a kind of to decompose using the planting tree substrate fallen leaves, it is characterised in that to be made up of the raw material of following weight portion：Cellulose Enzyme preparation 8 ~ 15, resin monomer mixture 30 ~ 40, corn starch 5 ~ 10, Radix Puerariae 15 ~ 20, Eucalyptuss sawdust 10 ~ 15, Caulis et Folium Oryzae 25 ~ 35th, vermiculite power 6 ~ 12, plant ash 5 ~ 10, flyash 10 ~ 15, bentonite 8 ~ 14, edible fungi leftovers 40 ~ 50, aminoacid powder 2 ~ 5 With appropriate water；

Described resin monomer mixture be by weight portion be 30 ~ 40 parts of the acrylic monomerss of unit, initiator potassium persulfate 2 ~ 4 0.5 ~ 1.0 part of part and cross-linking agent N,N methylene bis acrylamide are mixed.

2. it is a kind of according to claim 1 to decompose the preparation method for utilizing the planting tree substrate fallen leaves, it is characterised in that bag Include following step：

（1）By corn starch, in water-bath, heating and thermal insulation, to 40 ~ 50 DEG C, is stirred to gelatinizing, and then mixing adds resin monomer Compositionss and cellulase preparation, under heat-retaining condition, shaking table rocks 2 ~ 3h of polyreaction, after the completion of be vacuum dried, ground 60 ~ The micropowder of 80 mesh sieves；

（2）Mixing Radix Puerariae, Eucalyptuss sawdust and Caulis et Folium Oryzae, first soak and boil, and standing is dried, and grinds to form powder, with（1）Described Micropowder is mixed and made into mixed dust formulation；

（3）Mixing plant ash, bentonite, aminoacid powder and other following other compositions being not directed to, add 2 ~ 3 times of its weight portions Water, be milled to homogenate, add（2）Gained mixed dust formulation, obtains thick paste after composition stirring and evenly mixing, disc granulation makes 4 ~ 8mm grains Footpath it is spherical.