CN106583889A - Automated aluminum alloy plate welding device with acetone washing unit - Google Patents
Automated aluminum alloy plate welding device with acetone washing unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN106583889A CN106583889A CN201611158968.2A CN201611158968A CN106583889A CN 106583889 A CN106583889 A CN 106583889A CN 201611158968 A CN201611158968 A CN 201611158968A CN 106583889 A CN106583889 A CN 106583889A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/173—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/02—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/09—Arrangements or circuits for arc welding with pulsed current or voltage
- B23K9/091—Arrangements or circuits for arc welding with pulsed current or voltage characterised by the circuits
- B23K9/092—Arrangements or circuits for arc welding with pulsed current or voltage characterised by the circuits characterised by the shape of the pulses produced
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/09—Arrangements or circuits for arc welding with pulsed current or voltage
- B23K9/091—Arrangements or circuits for arc welding with pulsed current or voltage characterised by the circuits
- B23K9/093—Arrangements or circuits for arc welding with pulsed current or voltage characterised by the circuits the frequency of the pulses produced being modulatable
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/095—Monitoring or automatic control of welding parameters
- B23K9/0956—Monitoring or automatic control of welding parameters using sensing means, e.g. optical
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to mechanical washing and welding devices, in particular to an automated aluminum alloy plate welding device with an acetone washing unit. The device consists of a welding piece, an electric arc, a spraying gun, an electric hot air blower, an inert gas pipeline, a CCD camera and the like. The negative pole of a power supply cabinet and control system is connected with the welding piece through welding electric wires, and the power supply cabinet and control system has two superposed pulses; and the CCD camera is a color CCD camera, the pixel is 250 thousand-280 thousand, and the color resolution is 420 lpi. According to the automated aluminum alloy plate welding device, the CCD camera is used for monitoring the conditions of molten pools, welding wires and weld joints when aluminum alloy thick plates are welded, so that the parameters such as pulse current and the forward speed of a welding gun are adjusted in time, and the weld joint quality of an aluminum alloy is greatly improved. Before welding is conducted, acetone is sprayed for washing, mechanical strength of the weld joints is high, and the automated aluminum alloy plate welding device is suitable for the fine machinery manufacturing industry and an aluminum alloy welding occasion with very high welding requirements.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mechanical cleaning and welding equipment, and in particular to carry the aluminium alloy of the automatization of acetone cleaning device
Plate weld equipment.
Background technology
It is well known that the welding of aluminium alloy is different with the welding of general carbon steel, rustless steel etc., there are many problems to need solution
Certainly.The present invention is from the characteristics of aluminum alloy materials are in welding and welding difficulty is asked the weld strength that solves aluminium alloy
Topic.Aluminum alloy heat conductance is very big, about 2 to 4 times of steel, while thermostability is very poor, the equal non-refractory of general aluminium alloy, and expansion
Coefficient is big, easily produces welding deformation, and weld crack tendency is it is also obvious that and thinner aluminum alloy plate materials are more difficult to welding, appearance
Easy burn-through.Pore is easily produced in Welded, is just led because the hydrogen in molten bath can not be discharged before appearance of weld
Cause the presence of pore in weld seam.Aluminum alloy surface is directly exposed in air and is particularly easy to produce the oxidation of one layer of infusibility on surface
Mould (composition is aluminium sesquioxide), the fusing point of this layer of oxide-film is up to 2000 more spends, therefore can produce when argon tungsten-arc welding is carried out
Raw layer of oxidation mould, causes to beat impermeable situations such as cannot weld.The welding point of aluminium alloy softens situation seriously, and weld strength coefficient is equal
Less than mother metal.Aluminum alloy materials are little in melting state lower surface tension force, it is easy to be recessed.It is well known that aluminium alloy is in welding
It is primarily present problems with：1st, oxidability is strong.Aluminum is very big with the affinity of oxygen, easily generates aluminium sesquioxide thin film.The oxygen
The fusing point higher (can be up to 2050 DEG C) of change film, and only 660 DEG C of aluminium alloy fusing point, are difficult to melt during welding, and in addition density is also big,
Therefore easily oxide inclusions are formed in weld seam.Simultaneous oxidation film work function is low, easy launching electronics, causes welding arc unstable,
Therefore, before welding must be clean by the oxidation membrane removal of weld zone.2nd, it is also easy to produce pore.Melting degree of the hydrogen in aluminum is with temperature
Degree rises and increases, but compared with freezing point, the dissolubility of hydrogen declines 20 times, therefore aluminium alloy is in cooled and solidified, will there is a large amount of
Hydrogen is separated out, thus when there are problems that in welding process parameter it is improper or when then easily form gas in weld seam
Hole.3rd, the coefficient of expansion is larger, and hot cracking tendency is high.Its swell increment is about 2 times of steel during welding, and the volume of aluminium alloy subtracts during solidification
A small amount of about 5%, therefore welding deformation is larger, thus when component is rigidly larger or during weld seam existing defects in weld seam, melt run
And heat affected area is also easy to produce crackle.4th, alloying element scaling loss, joint performance declines.Such as Zn, Mg low boiling alloy in aluminium alloy
Element easily evaporates and scaling loss under the high temperature action of electric arc, and making the alloying component of weld seam reduces, and ultimately results in the machinery of joint
Hydraulic performance decline is obvious, there is heat-affected zone softened phenomenon, and this is entirely different with steel plumb joint.So, welding aluminum alloy
Select welding method, correct welding material and welding conditions that heat is concentrated；5th, aluminum heat conduction is fast, and thermal capacity is big.Must adopt
The welding method concentrated with heat, must also preheat (general thickness of slab >=10mm) to thicker aluminium sheet；6th, aluminium alloy is turned by solid-state
For liquid when, without obvious color change, easily cause weldering and collapse and form overlap.Certainly, when the welding of aluminum pipe is carried out, it is
Reach one side welding with back formation, key point during welding be exactly weld seam must have it is appropriate subside, this requires welder in operation
When more it is noted that observation molten bath.
MIG welderings are metal inert gas arc welding (Metal Inert-gas Welding) methods, and it is to use
Solid core welding wire as consumable electrode, and using additional noble gases (Ar or He) as electric arc medium, at the same protect molten drop, molten bath and
Welding region high-temperature metal.Pulse MIC welding (English is Pulsed Metal Inert-gas Welding) is then pulse melts
Pole Heliarc welding method, it is on the basis of metal inert gas arc welding, by the source of welding current
Control, makes welding current that pulsed cyclically-varying is presented, and the welding current in each pulse period presents of different sizes
Peak value of pulse and pulse base value, in the peak value of pulse period, current value is more than spray transfer critical electric current value, its arc shape and
Common spray transfer arc shape is identical, now to welding wire and workpiece heat intensive and is allowed to melt, and promotes at welding wire molten drop
In spray transfer welded condition, while setting up molten bath at workpiece heat；And in the pulse base value period, due to current value very little,
Its effect is mainly pilot arc combustion continuation, and plays pre- heat effect to welding wire, it is not necessary to produce the droplet transfer.So, pulse
MIG welderings can carry out project transfer welding under situation of the average welding current less than spray transfer critical electric current value；And energy
Enough sizes and its persistent period by controlling each Peak of current pulse, you can to efficiently control the welding energy of each pulse
Amount.Pulse MIC is welded with three kinds of mode of metal transfers, drop, the drop form of many arteries and veins one respectively more than one pulse-one droplet, an arteries and veins.Wherein many arteries and veins
One drop can form globular transfer, be unfavorable for welding, should avoid；Drop more than one arteries and veins is spray transfer state, in practice it has proved that be
A kind of preferable welding transition state；One pulse-one droplet is a kind of optimal mode of metal transfer, and its molten drop size is more uniform, transition
It is regular, and high directivity, splashing are less, can effectively improve aluminium alloy high welding quality.The present invention shows through test：To aluminum
Alloy Double Wire Welding droplet transfer, Double Wire Welding molten drop is with sub- jet and penetrates based on drop, supplemented by short circuit, jet and other variant forms
Form transition.
Nearly pulse MIC welding during the last ten years obtains fast-developing and application, especially in building, machinery, electronics, vehicle, aviation
Space flight etc. is in a large number using the field of industrial production of aluminium alloy class light energy conservation material.Especially for adaptation aluminium alloy class lightweight material
The welding of material needs to occur in that synergic-pulsed MIG welding connection technology.The welding method can be with precise control welding wire melting rate and to mother
The welding heat input of material, simultaneously because alternating percussion of the strong and weak pulse current to molten bath, can improve seam organization and
Appearance forming, so, the method is particularly suitable for the special welding procedure such as thin plate class, narrow gap, all positon and high intensity, heat
The welding of sensitive material.The totally digitilized pulse MIG/MAG welding machine-GLC403/603 of German Cruise (CLOOS) company production
QUINTO, its man-machine interactive system uses high-definition large-screen liquid crystal display；Internal memory reserves are big, can accommodate 20,000 welding ginsengs
Number；Its built-in welding expert system, is capable of achieving unified regulation；Pulse parameter all scalable, such as pulse frequency, wire feed speed
Degree, burst length, background current, impulse form, pulse voltage etc.；Possess various digital interfaces, and be easy to welding control with
Automatization, can control ancillary equipment.The experience and wisdom of operator so just can be given full play to, special material is welded,
Corresponding welding parameter can independently be determined.
Welding aluminum alloy needs most clean preparation, and otherwise its resistance to corrosion declines, and easily produces pore.
Welding aluminum alloy should thoroughly be distinguished with the custom of welding steel, welding steel used instrument, forbid to be used during welding aluminum alloy.Clearly
The impurity such as the oxide-film of reason welded seam area, are cleaned as far as possible using stainless steel brush or with acetone.Grinder buffing can not be used, because
It is only to make oxide-film fusion on wlding surface using grinder buffing, without real removal.If using hard grinding wheel,
Impurity therein can enter weld seam, cause fire check.Further, since pellumina can regenerate again within the extremely short time and
Pile up, in order that oxide-film affects as few as possible weld seam, should welding immediately after cleaning out.
In the present invention with regard to CCD camera, CCD is english abbreviation, the English full name of CCD：Charge-coupled
Device, Chinese full name：Charge coupled cell, is properly termed as ccd image sensor.CCD is a kind of semiconductor device, can be
Optical image is converted into digital signal.The small photoactive substance being implanted on CCD is referred to as pixel.If the picture included on one piece of CCD
Prime number is more, and the screen resolution that it is provided is also higher.CCD to act like film the same, but it is that image pixel is turned
Change digital signal into.There is the electric capacity of many marshallings on CCD, light can be sensed, and image is transformed into into digital signal.Via
The electric charge of its band can be given to its adjacent electric capacity by the control of external circuit, each small capacitances.As a kind of light number conversion unit
Part, CCD camera is widely used.Molten bath, welding wire, weld seam feelings when the present invention is welded using CCD camera monitoring aluminium alloy thick plate
Condition, to adjust pulse current, welding gun pace in time, improves weldquality.
The content of the invention
The present invention carries out careful analysis for the difficulties that above-mentioned aluminium alloy thick plate is present, it is proposed that aluminium alloy thick plate is new
Device, new method, the equipment carries the parts such as acetone ejecting gun, stainless steel brush, electrothermal blowing, is shown by test, can make aluminum
Alloy weld strength is significantly lifted, and weld seam tensile strength is more than 280MPa.
Technical solution according to the present invention：
As shown in Figure 1, 2, the aluminium alloy plate welding equipment of the automatization of acetone cleaning device is carried, it is characterised in that：Should
Equipment is by weldment 1, electric arc 2, welding wire 3, wire reel 4, wire pushing roller 5, ignition tip 6, protective cover 7, protective gas 8, molten bath 9, weldering
Seam metal 10, stainless steel brush 21, injection pipe 22, ejecting gun 23, rustless steel container 24, electric-heating air blower 25, inert gas tube
It is road 26, control line 27, welding electric wire 28, earth lead 29, power cabinet and control system 30, electric fuse 31, three-phase knife switch 32, mixed
Close gas cylinder 33, heating wires 34, electromagnetic valve 35, carry manometric air relief valve 36, helium air relief valve 37, helium heater 38,
Helium gas flow meter 39, helium tank 40, gas proportioning device 41, gas flowmeter 42, remote control 43, CCD camera 44 are constituted；As schemed
Shown in 1, described power cabinet and the negative pole of control system 30 is connected by welding electric wire 28 with weldment 1, described power supply
The positive pole of cabinet and control system 30 is connected by welding electric wire 28 with ignition tip 6；Described power cabinet and control system
30 is two superimposed pulses, i.e., a low-frequency pulse welding machine, its high frequency arteries and veins fixed are superimposed on a fixed high-frequency impulse
Rush as 259 hertz；As shown in Fig. 2 described welding wire 3 is 2 root wires (another root wire in dead astern, so not drawing) putting
Put in same torch head, and 2 root wires 3 power cabinet respectively by described in 2 and control system 30 are powered and are controlled
System, the Collaborative Control of 2 root wire 3 replaces make pulse electric current, and its phase contrast is 180 degree；Described wire reel 4 is 2 cloth in front and back
Put, described wire pushing roller 5 is 4, one group is constituted per 2 wire pushing rollers to drive the welding wire 3 described in welding wire 3,2 to walk speed
Degree is different, wherein the speed of a root wire 3 is 10～11 ms/min, in addition the speed of a root wire 3 is 8～9 ms/min；It is described
The bottleneck of helium tank 40 helium gas flow meter 39 is installed, while being also equipped with helium air relief valve 37, helium in the outlet of helium tank 40
Hot-air heater 38；Described mixing gas cylinder 33 and the release noble gases of helium tank 40 through gas proportioning device 41 Proper Match with
And the measurement of gas flowmeter 42, then through the control of electromagnetic valve 35, described gas proportioning device 41, gas flowmeter 42, electricity
Magnet valve 35 is serially connected by inert gas duct 26, is collected to protective cover 7 and is internally formed protective gas 8, described protective cover 7
Cylindrical, protective gas 8 is sprayed to around molten bath 9 from cylindric protective cover 7；Described power cabinet and control system
30 current value is 100～350 amperes, and its magnitude of voltage is 20～24 volts；Described gas proportioning device 41 is using 70% mixing
Argon and oxygen in gas cylinder 33, with the inner helium of 30% helium tank 40 carries out proportioning, in described gas proportioning device 41 again in addition
2 air intake valves are provided with, as the releasing ratio that the soldered thickness increase of weldment 1 progressively increases helium reduces argon simultaneously
Releasing ratio；The described air outlet of electric-heating air blower 25 is provided with temperature sensor, and the temperature for arranging its air-out is 80 DEG C～100
Between DEG C, automatic detection feedback circuitry, i.e. outlet temperature are also equipped with higher than 100 DEG C in the air outlet of electric-heating air blower 25
The autostop of electric-heating air blower 25, when temperature is less than 80 DEG C of Auto Power Ons of electric-heating air blower 25；(the aluminum pair with thickness of slab more than 10mm
When alloy plate is welded, weld preheating will be carried out, to prevent because preheating not enough causes not weld penetration, preheating temperature control
Between 70 DEG C～120 DEG C, interlayer temperature is controlled between 60 DEG C～100 DEG C.Preheating temperature is too high, except working environment it is severe
Outward, it is also possible to which the alloy property of aluminium alloy is impacted, there are the phenomenons such as welding joint softened, weld appearance cob webbing.Layer
Between temperature is too high that the generation probability of aluminum welding heat crackle can also increased).Described weldment 1 is installed on air-actuated jaw, pneumatic
Fixture is in turn mounted on band to band transfer module, and 35 degree of groove is opened up at the soldered place of weldment 1 before welding, and on the side of weldment 1 rotation is provided with
The stainless steel brush 21 for turning, so as to the impurity such as oxide-film in timely trimming region, the side of stainless steel brush 21 is provided with acetone again
Injection pipe 22, injection pipe 22 is serially connected with ejecting gun 23 and rustless steel container 24, and wherein ejecting gun 23 is gone back and air
Compressor is connected, and the air accumulator of cylindrical shape is provided with inside ejecting gun 23, and to increase injection pipe 22 larger pressure is sprayed
Acetone is cleaned to the weldment 1 before welding, is provided with stainless acetone in the lower section of injection pipe 22 and weldment 1 and is reclaimed
Trough, acetone reclaim trough it is suitable for reading be provided with screen size be 0.045mm stainless steel filter screen, acetone reclaim trough outside
Face is provided with the gear pump that internal structure is stainless and power is 1.5 kilowatts, flow is 0.8 l/h, the stainless steel-tooth
The output stainless steel pipes of wheel pump are connected again with rustless steel container 24, and the stainless gear pump is used for the cyclic spray of acetone；Institute
380 volts of the top of three-phase knife switch 32 connection stated, 50 hertz of alternating current, lower section is provided with electric fuse 31, the lower section of electric fuse 31
Power cabinet and control system 30 described in the power cabinet being provided with described in 2 and control system 30,2 is respectively provided with earth lead
29, inert gas duct 26, control line 27 are provided with, electric wire 28 are welded, is added thermal conductivity in described power cabinet and control system 30
Line 34, electromagnetic valve 35, the connection terminal of CCD camera 44；It is also equipped with compiling in described power cabinet and control system 30
Range controller；Described CCD camera 44 is erected at the centimeters of top 80 apart from molten bath 9 and weld metal 10, described CCD
The minimum resolution of photographing unit 44 is 0.06～0.08 square millimeter, and described CCD camera 44 is Color CCD camera, its
Pixel is between 250,000～280,000, colour resolution is 420 lines；Described remote control 43 is 26 key and infrared remote control devices, and band
There is band memory storage module.
Further technical solution is the present invention：
6～7 millimeters of the length of described electric arc 2.
7 a diameter of 19～21 millimeters of described protective cover, 6 a diameter of 6～9 millimeters of described ignition tip.
Equipped with 99% argon and 1% oxygen in described mixing gas cylinder 33, go out during welding throughput be per minute 21～
24 liters.
The described side of weldment 1 is additionally provided with the rustless steel trough that a length is 60～70 centimetres, is placed with groove
Temperature is the salpeter solution that 15 DEG C～20 DEG C mass fractions are 10%.Aluminum alloy welding is cooled to room temperature after connecting, then by weldment
It is put in the salpeter solution that 15～20 DEG C of mass fractions are 10% and embathes 10～20min.
Angle between described ignition tip 6 and weldment 1 is 88～92 degree, and angle is excessive and too small can all cause welding to lack
Fall into.The angle of ignition tip 6 and weldment crosses conference and causes gas shield insufficient and produce pore, angle too small it is also possible to so that
Liquid aluminum reaches electric arc front end, prevents electric arc that incomplete fusion is produced from directly acting on weld seam.
3 a diameter of 1.2～1.6 millimeters of described welding wire.
The described composition of welding wire 3 be silicon for 4.8%～5.8%, ferrum be 0.80%, copper be 0.30%, manganese be 0.05%, magnesium
For 0.05%, zinc be 0.10%, titanium be 0.20%, remaining be aluminum.The selection of welding wire will try one's best close mother metal, select aluminum silicon or aluminum
Magnesium weld line will be determined according to level weld seam requirement.In addition magnalium welding wire can only weld magnalium material, and Al-Si wire can both weld aluminum
Silicon can also weld magnalium material.
Described inert gas duct 26 is the polytetrafluoro that fusing point is 600 Kelvins, density is 2200 kilograms per cubic metre
Ethylene.Politef (Polytetrafluoroethylene is abbreviated as PTFE), english abbreviation is Teflon, Chinese nickname
It is called " Teflon ", " kings of plastics ".This material has excellent chemical stability, corrosion resistance, is resistance in the world today
One of corrosive nature optimal material, there is sealing, high-lubricity, non-stick, electrical insulating property, good ageing resistance, heatproof
Excellent (can the long-term work at a temperature of positive 250 DEG C to minus 180 DEG C).Politef itself does not have toxicity to people.Selecting should
Material is planted as inert gas duct during Welded, is because that politef has resistant to elevated temperatures feature, because aluminum
The thermal conductivity of alloy is very big, about the 3 of carbon steel times, so more it is noted that soldered sheet material scalds inert gas duct.Together
When politef insulating properties very good can prevent welder from getting an electric shock.
Described weldment 1 is aluminum alloy plate materials, and its thickness is 10～35 millimeters.Primary study of the present invention is greater than 10mm
Thicker aluminum alloy plate materials welding.
Beneficial effect of the present invention：
First, molten bath, welding wire, weld seam situation when apparatus of the present invention have used CCD camera monitoring aluminium alloy thick plate to weld, so as to
In time the parameter such as adjustment pulse current, welding gun pace, substantially increases the weldquality of aluminium alloy.Apparatus of the present invention are also adopted
With helium protection, arc power is improve, improve the mobility of weld metal so that appearance of weld smooths attractive in appearance, reinforcement
It is little.Adding 1% oxygen can overcome cathodic drift phenomenon and be conducive to the refinement of metal drop, reduce facing for spray transfer
Boundary's current value.The present invention adopts dipulse welding aluminum alloy, and dipulse is exactly in brief two superimposed pulses, a fixed height
A low-frequency pulse, as high-frequency impulse low frequency modulations are superimposed in frequency pulse.Low-frequency pulse is added to allow on high-frequency impulse double
Pulse current is switched with certain frequency (frequency of low-frequency pulse) between peak point current and background current, can so make weld seam shape
Into the scalelike mark of rule.By the frequency of adjustment low-frequency pulse in welding process, the peak value of low-frequency pulse, background current is changing
Kind appearance of weld, the frequency that low-frequency pulse is adjusted first determines the speed of dipulse peak point current and background current switching, body
It is exactly now the fine and closely woven laminating degree of weld seam scalelike mark on welding effect, low-frequency pulse frequency is low, dipulse peak point current and base
Value current switching speed is slow, and scalelike mark spacing is just big；Conversely, the frequency of low-frequency pulse is high, dipulse peak point current and base value are electric
Stream switch speed is fast, and weld seam scalelike mark spacing is little and fine and closely woven.Peak point current and the big I of background current are adjusted according to sheet metal thickness
To obtain corresponding fusion penetration, molten bath can be effectively stirred in peak point current and the mutual handoff procedure of background current, discharge hydrogen
Gas reduces pore；Reduce the heat to mother metal to be input into, prevent the overheated generation dilatancy of aluminum alloy materials, weld seam group can also be made
Knit granule fine and closely woven so that weld strength is improved.
2nd, present configuration is exquisite, has invented new sine wave modulation pulse MIC welding aluminum alloy device so that weldering
Connect energy input can effectively accuracy controlling, pulse change transition it is steady, welding process is reliable and stable.Had using sinusoidal wave form
The features such as unlimited order derivative seriality, eternal periodicity, few control parameter for having, realize New Sinusoidal ripple modulation pulse MIC
Parameter accurately mate during weldering.Electric current temporal pattern is stably clear in welding process, corresponding voltage and welding energy
Temporal pattern is very stable, and as reproducible, its edge line race is clear, distribution is concentrated, while welding process is steady for electric current, voltage pattern
It is qualitative good, obtain the scalelike mark weld seam of high-quality attractive in appearance.The present invention also adopts before welding acetone jet cleaning aluminium alloy thick plate
Part to be welded.
3rd, the present invention has wide popularizing application prospect, can be widely applied to machining manufacturing enterprise, especially
Be adapted to more than 10 millimeters of aluminium alloy thick plate welding, be more suitable for the very high occasion of Welded prescription, such as accurate machine
The industries such as tool manufacture, vehicle key parts, aviation, sophisticated plant equipment.
Description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is general structure schematic diagram of the invention；
In Fig. 1：Stainless steel brush 21, injection pipe 22, ejecting gun 23, rustless steel container 24, electric-heating air blower 25, indifferent gas
Body pipeline 26, control line 27, welding electric wire 28, earth lead 29, power cabinet and control system 30, electric fuse 31, three-phase knife switch
32nd, gas cylinder 33, heating wires 34, electromagnetic valve 35, the manometric air relief valve 36 of carrying, the heating of helium air relief valve 37, helium are mixed
Device 38, helium gas flow meter 39, helium tank 40, gas proportioning device 41, gas flowmeter 42, remote control 43, CCD camera 44.
Accompanying drawing 2 is the structural representations such as Welded molten bath, welding wire of the invention
In Fig. 2：Weldment 1, electric arc 2, welding wire 3, wire reel 4, wire pushing roller 5, ignition tip 6, protective cover 7, protective gas 8,
Molten bath 9, weld metal 10.
Specific embodiment
As shown in figure 1, the aluminium alloy thick plate weld for preparing welding to be opened up first 35 degree of groove.And by the quilt of weldment 1
It is installed on air-actuated jaw, then the impurity such as the oxide-film with the timely trimming region of stainless steel brush 21, then with the injection of acetone
22 pairs of aluminium alloys for preparing welding of pipeline spray.Described weldment 1 is installed on air-actuated jaw, and air-actuated jaw is installed again
On band to band transfer module, band to band transfer module constantly runs forward, prepares the aluminium alloy of welding just respectively by the timely trimming of stainless steel brush 21
The oxide-film in region, injected acetone, moisture and acetone are dried up by electric-heating air blower 25, be soldered, during welding
Welding fact is taken by CCD camera 44 control system is transferred to by control line 27, then by the adjustment pulse in time of remote control 43
Frequency, the welding gun speed of travel, feed rate of welding wire, welding machine voltage, welding current, welding machine frequency etc..Particularly adjust low frequency arteries and veins
The frequency of punching, the peak value of low-frequency pulse, improve appearance of weld by background current, the frequency of low-frequency pulse is adjusted first, should
Frequency determines the speed of dipulse peak point current and background current switching, and it is exactly weld seam scalelike mark to be embodied on welding effect
Fine and closely woven laminating degree, low-frequency pulse frequency is low, and dipulse peak point current and background current switch speed are slow, and scalelike mark spacing is just
Greatly；Conversely, the frequency of low-frequency pulse is high, dipulse peak point current and background current switch speed are fast, and weld seam scalelike mark spacing is little
And it is fine and closely woven.The described side of weldment 1 is additionally provided with the rustless steel trough that a length is 60～70 centimetres, and temperature is placed with groove
Spend for salpeter solution that 15 DEG C～20 DEG C mass fractions are 10%.Aluminum alloy welding is cooled to room temperature after connecting, then weldment is put
10～20min is embathed in the salpeter solution that 15～20 DEG C of mass fractions are 10%.Between described ignition tip 6 and weldment 1
Angle is 88～92 degree, and angle is excessive and too small can all cause weld defect.Ignition tip 6 crosses conference and causes gas with the angle of weldment
Body protection is insufficient and produce pore, angle too small is it is also possible to so that aluminium liquid reaches electric arc front end, prevent electric arc from directly making
Incomplete fusion is produced for weld seam.
Accompanying drawing 2 is the structural representations such as Welded molten bath, welding wire of the invention.The part is by weldment 1, electric arc 2, weldering
Silk 3, wire reel 4, wire pushing roller 5, ignition tip 6, protective cover 7, protective gas 8, molten bath 9, weld metal 10 are constituted, described weldering
Part 1 is aluminum alloy plate materials, and its thickness is 10～35 millimeters.The thicker aluminium alloy plate for being greater than 10mm of primary study of the present invention
The welding of material.The described composition of welding wire 3 be silicon for 4.8%～5.8%, ferrum be 0.80%, copper be 0.30%, manganese be 0.05%,
Magnesium is 0.05%, zinc is 0.10%, titanium is 0.20%, remaining is aluminum.3 a diameter of 1.2～1.6 millimeters of described welding wire.It is described
7 a diameter of 19～21 millimeters of protective cover, 6 a diameter of 6～9 millimeters of described ignition tip.
The equipment is by weldment 1, electric arc 2, welding wire 3, wire reel 4, wire pushing roller 5, ignition tip 6, protective cover 7, protective gas
8th, molten bath 9, weld metal 10, stainless steel brush 21, injection pipe 22, ejecting gun 23, rustless steel container 24, electric-heating air blower 25,
Inert gas duct 26, control line 27, welding electric wire 28, earth lead 29, power cabinet and control system 30, electric fuse 31, three
Phase plug-in strip 32, mixing gas cylinder 33, heating wires 34, electromagnetic valve 35, the manometric air relief valve 36 of carrying, helium air relief valve 37, helium
Hot-air heater 38, helium gas flow meter 39, helium tank 40, gas proportioning device 41, gas flowmeter 42, remote control 43, CCD camera
44 compositions；As shown in figure 1, the negative pole of described power cabinet and control system 30 is connected by welding electric wire 28 with weldment 1,
Described power cabinet and the positive pole of control system 30 is connected by welding electric wire 28 with ignition tip 6；Described power cabinet with
And control system 30 is two superimposed pulses, i.e., a low-frequency pulse welding machine is superimposed on a fixed high-frequency impulse, it is consolidated
Fixed high-frequency impulse is 259 hertz；As shown in Fig. 2 described welding wire 3 be 2 root wires (another root wire in dead astern, so
Do not draw) it is placed in same torch head, and 2 root wires 3 power cabinet respectively by described in 2 and control system 30
Power supply and control, the Collaborative Control of 2 root wire 3 replaces make pulse electric current, and its phase contrast is 180 degree；Described wire reel 4 is
2 are arranged in front and back, and described wire pushing roller 5 is 4, constitutes one group to drive the weldering described in welding wire 3,2 per 2 wire pushing rollers
3 speeds of travel of silk are different, wherein the speed of a root wire 3 is 10～11 ms/min, in addition the speed of a root wire 3 be 8～9 meters/
Minute；The bottleneck of described helium tank 40 is provided with helium gas flow meter 39, while be also equipped with helium in the outlet of helium tank 40 subtracting
Pressure valve 37, helium heater 38；Described mixing gas cylinder 33 and helium tank 40 discharges noble gases through gas proportioning device 41
The measurement of Proper Match and gas flowmeter 42, then through the control of electromagnetic valve 35, described gas proportioning device 41, gas stream
Gauge 42, electromagnetic valve 35 are serially connected by inert gas duct 26, are collected to protective cover 7 and are internally formed protective gas 8, described
Protective cover 7 it is cylindrical, protective gas 8 is sprayed to around molten bath 9 from cylindric protective cover 7；Described power cabinet with
And the current value of control system 30 is 100～350 amperes, its magnitude of voltage is 20～24 volts；Described gas proportioning device 41 is adopted
With argon and oxygen in 70% mixing gas cylinder 33, with the inner helium of 30% helium tank 40 proportioning, described gas are carried out again in addition
2 air intake valves are provided with proportioner 41, the releasing ratio for progressively increasing helium with the soldered thickness increase of weldment 1 is simultaneously
Reduce the releasing ratio of argon；The described air outlet of electric-heating air blower 25 is provided with temperature sensor, arranges the temperature of its air-out
Between for 80 DEG C～100 DEG C, automatic detection feedback circuitry is also equipped with the air outlet of electric-heating air blower 25, that is, exports temperature
Degree is higher than 100 DEG C of autostops of electric-heating air blower 25, when temperature is less than 80 DEG C of Auto Power Ons of electric-heating air blower 25.Pair with thickness of slab surpass
When the aluminium alloy thick plate for crossing 10mm is welded, weld preheating will be carried out, to prevent because preheating not enough causes not weld penetration, in advance
Between 70 DEG C～120 DEG C, interlayer temperature is controlled between 60 DEG C～100 DEG C hot temperature control.Preheating temperature is too high, except operation
Outside bad environments, it is also possible to which the alloy property of aluminium alloy is impacted, there is welding joint softened, weld appearance cob webbing etc.
Phenomenon.Interlayer temperature is too high to increase can also the generation probability of aluminum welding heat crackle).Described weldment 1 is installed in air-actuated jaw
On, air-actuated jaw is in turn mounted on band to band transfer module, and 35 degree of groove is opened up at the soldered place of weldment 1 before welding, on the side of weldment 1
The stainless steel brush 21 of rotation is provided with, so as to the impurity such as oxide-film in timely trimming region, the side of stainless steel brush 21 is provided with again
The injection pipe 22 of acetone, injection pipe 22 is serially connected with ejecting gun 23 and rustless steel container 24, and wherein ejecting gun 23 is gone back
It is connected with air compressor, the air accumulator of cylindrical shape is provided with inside ejecting gun 23, sprays larger to increase injection pipe 22
The acetone of pressure is cleaned to the weldment 1 before welding, and in the lower section of injection pipe 22 and weldment 1 stainless third is provided with
Ketone reclaim trough, acetone reclaim trough it is suitable for reading be provided with screen size be 0.045mm stainless steel filter screen, acetone reclaim
Trough outside is provided with the gear pump that internal structure is stainless and power is 1.5 kilowatts, flow is 0.8 l/h, and this is not
The output stainless steel pipes of rust steel-tooth wheel pump are connected again with rustless steel container 24, and the stainless gear pump is used for the circulation of acetone and sprays
Penetrate；380 volts described of the top of three-phase knife switch 32 connection, 50 hertz of alternating current, lower section is provided with electric fuse 31, electric fuse 31
Lower section is provided with the power cabinet described in power cabinet and control system 30,2 described in 2 and control system 30 is respectively provided with and connects
Ground wire 29, is provided with inert gas duct 26, control line 27, welds electric wire 28, adds in described power cabinet and control system 30
Thermal wire 34, electromagnetic valve 35, the connection terminal of CCD camera 44；It is also equipped with described power cabinet and control system 30
Programmable Logic Controller；Described CCD camera 44 is erected at the centimeters of top 80 apart from molten bath 9 and weld metal 10, described
The minimum resolution of CCD camera 44 be 0.06～0.08 square millimeter, described CCD camera 44 is colored CCD photograph
Machine, its pixel is between 250,000～280,000, colour resolution is 420 lines；Described remote control 43 is 26 key and infrared remote control devices, and
And with band memory storage module.Described inert gas duct 26 is that fusing point often stands for 600 Kelvin's density for 2200 kilograms
The politef of square rice.
To sum up, the aluminium alloy plate welding equipment of the automatization of the carrying acetone cleaning device designed by the present invention, Ke Yida
To expected purpose.
Claims (10)
1. the aluminium alloy plate welding equipment of the automatization of acetone cleaning device is carried, it is characterised in that：The device by weldment (1),
Electric arc (2), welding wire (3), wire reel (4), wire pushing roller (5), ignition tip (6), protective cover (7), protective gas (8), molten bath
(9), weld metal (10), stainless steel brush (21), injection pipe (22), ejecting gun (23), rustless steel container (24), electrothermal blowing
Machine (25), inert gas duct (26), control line (27), welding electric wire (28), earth lead (29), power cabinet and control system
(30), electric fuse (31), three-phase knife switch (32), mixing gas cylinder (33), heating wires (34), electromagnetic valve (35), carrying pressure gauge
Air relief valve (36), helium air relief valve (37), helium heater (38), helium gas flow meter (39), helium tank (40), gas mixing ratio
Device (41), gas flowmeter (42), remote control (43), CCD camera (44) composition；Described power cabinet and control system
(30) negative pole is connected by welding electric wire (28) with weldment (1), described power cabinet and the positive pole of control system (30)
It is connected with ignition tip (6) by welding electric wire (28)；Described wire reel (4) arranges in front and back for 2, described wire pushing roller
(5) it is 4, constitutes one group to drive welding wire (3) per 2 wire pushing rollers, welding wire (3) speed of travel described in 2 is different, its
In a root wire (3) speed be 10～11 ms/min, in addition a root wire (3) speed is 8～9 ms/min；Described helium
Bottle (40) bottleneck helium gas flow meter (39) is installed, while helium tank (40) outlet be also equipped with helium air relief valve (37),
Helium heater (38)；Described mixing gas cylinder (33) and helium tank (40) discharges noble gases through gas proportioning device (41)
The measurement of Proper Match and gas flowmeter (42), then through the control of electromagnetic valve (35), described gas proportioning device (41),
Gas flowmeter (42), electromagnetic valve (35) are serially connected by inert gas duct (26), are collected to protective cover (7) and are internally formed
Protective gas (8), described protective cover (7) is cylindrical, and protective gas (8) sprays to molten bath from cylindric protective cover (7)
(9) around；Described electric-heating air blower (25) air outlet is provided with temperature sensor, arrange its air-out temperature be 80 DEG C～
Between 100 DEG C, being also equipped with automatic detection feedback circuitry, i.e. outlet temperature in the air outlet of electric-heating air blower (25) is higher than
100 DEG C of electric-heating air blower (25) autostops, when temperature is less than 80 DEG C of electric-heating air blower (25) Auto Power Ons；Described weldment
(1) it is installed on air-actuated jaw, air-actuated jaw is in turn mounted on band to band transfer module, opens up at the soldered place of weldment (1) before welding
35 degree of groove, on weldment (1) side the stainless steel brush (21) of rotation is provided with, so as to the oxide-film etc. in timely trimming region
Impurity, stainless steel brush (21) side is provided with the injection pipe (22) of acetone again, injection pipe (22) and ejecting gun (23) and not
Rust steel container (24) is serially connected, and wherein ejecting gun (23) is also connected with air compressor, and inside ejecting gun (23) circle is provided with
The air accumulator of tubular, the acetone that larger pressure is sprayed to increase injection pipe (22) is cleaned to the weldment (1) before welding,
Stainless acetone is installed below injection pipe (22) and weldment (1) and reclaims trough, reclaim trough in acetone suitable for reading
The stainless steel filter screen that screen size is 0.045mm is installed, it is stainless to be provided with internal structure outside acetone recovery trough
Steel and power is 1.5 kilowatts, flow is 0.8 l/h gear pump, the output stainless steel pipes of the stainless gear pump are again
It is connected with rustless steel container (24), the stainless gear pump is used for the cyclic spray of acetone；Described three-phase knife switch (32) top
380 volts of connection, 50 hertz of alternating current, lower section is provided with electric fuse (31), and electric fuse (31) lower section is provided with described in 2
Power cabinet and control system (30), the power cabinet and control system (30) described in 2 is respectively provided with earth lead (29), described
Power cabinet and control system (30) be provided with inert gas duct (26), control line (27), welding electric wire (28), heating wires
(34), electromagnetic valve (35), the connection terminal of CCD camera (44).
2. the aluminium alloy plate welding equipment of the automatization for carrying acetone cleaning device according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：6～7 millimeters of the length of described electric arc (2)；Described CCD camera (44) is erected at apart from molten bath (9) and weld metal
(10) the centimeters of top 80, the minimum resolution of described CCD camera (44) is 0.06～0.08 square millimeter, described
CCD camera (44) is Color CCD camera, and its pixel is between 250,000～280,000, colour resolution is 420 lines；Described
Remote control (43) is 26 key and infrared remote control devices, and with band memory storage module.
3. the aluminium alloy plate welding equipment of the automatization for carrying acetone cleaning device according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：Described protective cover (7) is a diameter of 19～21 millimeters, and described ignition tip (6) is a diameter of 6～9 millimeters；Described power cabinet
And control system (30) is two superimposed pulses, i.e., a low-frequency pulse welding machine is superimposed on a fixed high-frequency impulse,
The high-frequency impulse that it is fixed is 259 hertz.
4. the aluminium alloy plate welding equipment of the automatization for carrying acetone cleaning device according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：Described mixing gas cylinder (33) is inner to be equipped with 99% argon and 1% oxygen, and it is per minute 21～24 that throughput is gone out during welding
Rise；Described welding wire (3) is placed in same torch head for 2 root wires, and 2 root wires (3) electricity respectively by described in 2
Source cabinet and control system (30) power supply and control, 2 root wires (3) Collaborative Control replaces make pulse electric current, its phase contrast
For 180 degree.
5. the aluminium alloy plate welding equipment of the automatization for carrying acetone cleaning device according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：Described weldment (1) side is additionally provided with the rustless steel trough that a length is 60～70 centimetres, and temperature is placed with groove
For the salpeter solution that 15 DEG C～20 DEG C mass fractions are 10%.
6. the aluminium alloy plate welding equipment of the automatization for carrying acetone cleaning device according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：Angle between described ignition tip (6) and weldment (1) is 88～92 degree.
7. the aluminium alloy plate welding equipment of the automatization for carrying acetone cleaning device according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：Described welding wire (3) is a diameter of 1.2～1.6 millimeters；Described power cabinet and control system (30) is inner to be also equipped with compiling
Range controller；Described power cabinet and the current value of control system (30) is 100～350 amperes, and its magnitude of voltage is 20～24
Volt；Described gas proportioning device (41) uses again in addition 30% helium using the inner argon of 70% mixing gas cylinder (33) and oxygen
The inner helium of bottle (40) carries out proportioning, and described gas proportioning device (41) is inner to be provided with 2 air intake valves, with soldered weldment
(1) thickness increase progressively increases the releasing ratio of helium while reducing the releasing ratio of argon.
8. the aluminium alloy plate welding equipment of the automatization for carrying acetone cleaning device according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：Described welding wire (3) composition be silicon for 4.8%～5.8%, ferrum be 0.80%, copper be 0.30%, manganese be that 0.05%, magnesium is
0.05%th, zinc be 0.10%, titanium be 0.20%, remaining be aluminum.
9. the aluminium alloy plate welding equipment of the automatization for carrying acetone cleaning device according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：Described inert gas duct (26) is the polytetrafluoroethyl-ne that fusing point is 600 Kelvins, density is 2200 kilograms per cubic metre
Alkene.
10. the aluminium alloy plate welding equipment of the automatization for carrying acetone cleaning device according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：Described weldment (1) is aluminum alloy plate materials, and its thickness is 10～35 millimeters.
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