CN106580258A - Wide-spectrum and high-resolution optical coherence tomography imaging system - Google Patents
Wide-spectrum and high-resolution optical coherence tomography imaging system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106580258A CN106580258A CN201611186290.9A CN201611186290A CN106580258A CN 106580258 A CN106580258 A CN 106580258A CN 201611186290 A CN201611186290 A CN 201611186290A CN 106580258 A CN106580258 A CN 106580258A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
- A61B5/0062—Arrangements for scanning
- A61B5/0066—Optical coherence imaging
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/7235—Details of waveform analysis
- A61B5/725—Details of waveform analysis using specific filters therefor, e.g. Kalman or adaptive filters
Abstract
The invention discloses a wide-spectrum and high-resolution optical coherence tomography imaging system. The power is reduced to be 20mW through adoption of a pohotonic crystal fiber supercontinuum source and an attenuation slice (AS). The whole system runs in a dark environment without other types of background light. Light emitted from the supercontinuum fiber light source is accessed to a free space optical coherence tomography imaging system, and a wideband achromatic lens is used for converging the light on a sample. A two-path balance detection method is employed to remove excess noise generated by the light source. A polarization beam splitter (PBS), a quarter-wave plate (QWP) and a half-wave plate (HWP) in an optical path help to optimize system output and improve sensitivity. All optical components selected by a time domain OCT system are suitable for a waveband range from 400nm to 1000nm. Complete interference fringe digital signals are obtained through an analog-digital converter with a sampling rate of 10Ms/s and a resolution rate of 16-bit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical coherent chromatographic imaging field, is related to a kind of wide range high resolution optical imaging method.
Background technology
Optical coherence tomography (Optical Coherence Tomography, OCT) is after ultra sonic imaging, X-ray
Biomedical imaging technology of new generation after imaging, CT and MRI, using non-invasive optical imaging technique, can detect life
Thing organizes different depth aspect to the back-reflection of incident weak coherent light or scattered signal several times, by scanning, biology is obtained
Tissue two dimension or three dimensional structure image.It biological tissue can be carried out in real time, high-resolution fault imaging, to biological tissue inside
The physiology of mechanism, pathological change process are accurately analyzed and are diagnosed.OCT can be applicable to clinical ophthalmology diagnosis, tooth tomography
Scanning, dermatological studies, the field such as nacreous layer Thickness sensitivity, the application of most allure are it to human canceration and painstaking effort
The early stage Accurate Diagnosis of pipe disease, this requires that the resolution of OCT can reach cellular level.
Resolution is to weigh the important indicator of OCT performances and technology development, and its axial resolution is by light source bandwidth and detection
The focused condition of light beam is together decided on.Under the conditions of detection light beam weak focus, the main lobe width of OCT axial strength point spread functions
Will be dry due to can just produce only when the optical path difference of two-way light is matched with the coherence length of light source much larger than relevant gate-width degree
Relate to, so axial resolution now is mainly determined by relevant door. as relevant gate-width degree is inversely proportional to the bandwidth of light source, with
Cardiac wave length square is inversely proportional to, and in the case where OCT light source centre wavelength determines, the method for further improving axial resolution is
Based on wideband light source technology.Therefore this proposes rigors to the light source performance as its core technology：Light source is needed to have
Wider spectrum width, output height, good stability, the features such as be easy to coupling.The light source that OCT systems now are used is main
There is two class of super-radiation light source SLD and femtosecond solid state laser.But the former is difficult to less than micron dimension as bandwidth is limited
Longitudinal resolution, the latter is because volume and cost reason are difficult to clinical practice.Adopt the PCF super continuum sources will be with lower section
Face shows particularly pertinent advantage：The width of spectrum is big, typically up to hundreds of nanometers；Spectrum can be realized symmetrically through appropriate shaping
Flat spectral pattern；The characteristics of PCF can be utilized realizes high light beam quality (unimodular property of PCF), the spectrum of high stability (complete
The characteristics of super continuous spectrums are produced in normal dispersion region).Just because of this, it is increasingly becoming based on the OCT technology of PCF super continuous spectrums and is worked as
One of study hotspot of front laser technology.In a few years, had been achieved for based on the OCT technology of PCF super continuous spectrums many heavy
It is in progress.Although the OCT technology based on PCF super continuous spectrums because of starting soon, still has a large amount of science achieved with remarkable progress
Technical problem is still urgently researched and solved, and is mainly included：The pumping source of all-fiber and power stability.Low noise super continuous spectrums
Obtain and symmetrical flat light spectrum reshaping.Clear and quick image capture technology.
The content of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of wide range tomography of high resolution optics coherence system；It is intended to research and development
Based on the novel high-stability low-coherence light source of PCF, high-resolution OCT of medical grade is prepared.
To reach the effect of above-mentioned technical proposal, the technical scheme is that：
It is made up of five modules：Light path module；Light path scan module；Signal detection module；Signal processing module；Intelligence is controlled
Molding block；
Light path module is included：PCF super continuum sources, attenuator, 1/2 wave plate, polarization beam apparatus A, quarter wave plate, point
Beam device B, broadband achromat A, broadband achromat B；
The bandwidth range 500-2000nm of the PCF super continuum sources in light path module, power 1w, by using decay
Power is reduced to 20mW by piece；
Wide range tomography of high resolution optics coherence system is in dark room conditions, and does not have other bias lights；PCF surpasses
The light that continuous spectrum light source sends is propagated by free space, broadband achromat A converge light to reference mirror minute surface and
Broadband achromat B is converged light on sample, and is used for eliminating PCF super continuum sources using two-way balance detection method
The excess noise of generation；
Polarization beam apparatus A, quarter wave plate, 1/2 wave plate be used for optimize system output and improve sensitivity；In light path module
All optical components be suitable for 400-1000nm wavelength bands, and obtain complete interference fringe using Analog-digital Converter
Digital signal；
Light path scan module is included：Sample arm, reference arm, motor A, motor B, translation stage control A, translation
Platform controls B；Light path scan module has used motor A and translation stage control A, motor B and translation stage control two kinds of groups of B
Close, a combination is that, for horizontal sweep, another combination is, for vertical scanning, two kinds of combinations to be used in combination, can produce
One two-dimentional image；
Signal detection module includes photodetector, detector triggering control, radio frequency output；
Signal processing module includes data acquisition and storage device；
Reference arm is controlled by motor A, and sample arm is controlled by motor B, and sample arm is first positioned at sample area, and
Choose a little as starting point, subsequently, centered on reference arm is zero by optical path difference, in coherence length scope, produce interference signal,
Data acquisition simultaneously and storage device will collect the photoelectric current that output is changed by photodetector, so as to obtain interference signal
Intensity signal；
Motor A, motor B, can provide the stroke range of 12mm (0.47 inch) along a direction of principal axis, and
It is furnished with the 1.00 inches × screw array of 1.00 inches (25.0mm × 25.0mm), wherein screw array has 7 1/4 inch -20
(M6) screw, for compatibility standard optical-mechanical components；
Photodetector is the OCT balanced detectors with fast monitored output, and wave-length coverage is 800 to 1700nm, band
A width of 75MHz, for interference signal is become the signal of telecommunication；
Reference arm with the scanning process of sample arm is：Sample arm is located at sample areas, and selects a point as starting point；
Reference arm starts to move in the range of coherence length, produces interference signal with the back-scattering light of sample arm；In same time, number
The photoelectric current detected by photodetector will be obtained according to collection and storage device, so as to the intensity obtained about interference signal is believed
Breath；
In order to it is time-consuming and accelerate imaging, using scan pattern of crawling；When a point is scanned through, reference arm is not returned
Return to its home position, and sample arm transverse shifting a little after, reference arm is ultimately formed to crawl and is swept from Surface scan forward below
Retouch mode；
Data acquisition and storage device in signal processing module is used to extract interference signal, and original interference is believed
Number it is filtered, the envelope of interference signal, calculates true resolution；
Intelligent control module includes intelligent control platform A, intelligent control platform B；Intelligent control platform A is used to control to put down
Moving stage control A is operated, intelligent control platform B is operated for controlling translation stage control B.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is wide range tomography of high resolution optics coherence system structure diagram
Fig. 2 is the scanning process and scanning step motor flow chart of reference arm and sample arm
Scanning theory figures of the Fig. 3 for detector
Specific embodiment
In order that the technical problem to be solved, technical scheme and beneficial effect become more apparent, below tie
Drawings and Examples are closed, the present invention will be described in detail.It should be noted that specific embodiment described herein is only used
To explain the present invention, it is not intended to limit the present invention, can realizes that the product of said function belongs to equivalent and improvement, include
Within protection scope of the present invention.Concrete grammar is as follows：
Embodiment 1：Such as Fig. 1：A kind of wide range tomography of high resolution optics coherence system；As femtosecond laser is in abnormality
Dispersion area pump photon crystal optical fibre, during super continuous spectrums generation, clearly, unstable orphan will lead soliton mechanism
Serious spectrum change being caused, so as to have impact on the application in OCT, plus after wave filter, though making moderate progress, light is limited
Spectral power increased the complexity of system simultaneously.Due to the unstability and noise of super continuous spectrums, result in OCT applications
Smaller bandwidth range, will affect penetration depth and scanning speed in imaging.Super continuum source is proposed higher
Requirement.Therefore how to be stablized, flat symmetrical super continuous spectrums are produced come the reliable light source as high-resolution OCT,
It is one of study hotspot in current optical-fiber laser and non-linear field, substantial amounts of matter of science and technology is urgently to be resolved hurrily and studies.
Such as Fig. 1：Novel high-stability low-coherence light source of the present invention based on PCF, develops wide range high resolution optics coherence
Chromatographic imaging system, wherein：
Imaging resolution：3 μm of ＜；The imaging depth in the biological tissue of high scattering：5mm；Image taking speed：2 width/second；System
System signal to noise ratio：100dB；Detection mode：It is in situ to measure in the contactless hurtless measure of body.
Research design is based on PCF super continuum source time domain OCT systems.Design and structure optical system and system hardware behaviour
Make platform, to realize including every subfunctions such as system initialization, translation stage control, detector triggering, data acquisition and storage
With job type acquisition function.Research photoelectricity collection storage part joint debugging test, carries out system performance testing.
(1) build core --- the free space Michelson's interferometer of OCT.Light is designed using basic optical element
Road, builds free space Michelson's interferometer.(2) interference signal and process are gathered.Suitable photodetector is chosen, is gathered
Interference signal, and carry out the disposal of gentle filter.Reconstruct the two dimensional image of biological tissue's internal structure.(3) dispersion compensation.For
Time domain OCT, similar to the white light interference of Michelson's interferometer, the present invention can add Dispersion Compensation Unit to solve this problem.
(4) through the beam splitter with half-reflection and half-transmission, movable reference mirror carries out axial scan, sample to PCF super continuous spectrums wideband light source
The transmitted light of the reflected light and reference mirror of product produces interference, measures interference signal by detector.
Optical coherence tomography system is designed：OCT image system is mainly made up of five modules：Light path module；Light path
Scan module；Signal detection module；Signal processing module；Intelligent control module；
With reference to time domain OCT system principle, in order to improve image quality, OCT optical systems as shown in Figure 1 are devised：
With reference to time domain OCT system principle, the interference signal higher in order to improve quality, design system light path principle can be joined
Examine Fig. 1：Which includes：OCT system light paths
Super continuous spectrums optical fiber source (Supercontinuum Source) attenuator (AS) polarization beam apparatus (PBS) 1/4 ripple
Piece (QWP)
1/2 wave plate (HWP) beam splitter (BS) Lens lens Sample arm sample arms
Reference arm reference arms
Detector detectors
RF output radio frequencies are exported
The present invention adopts super continuum source (bandwidth range 500-2000nm, power 1w), by attenuator (AS), power
It is reduced to 20mW.Whole system is carried out under dark room conditions, without other bias lights.By super continuous spectrums optical fiber source
To free space OCT systems, broadband achromat is for by light meeting for the soft exchange that (Supercontinuum Source) sends
Gather on sample.It is used for eliminating the excess noise of light source generation using two-way balance detection method.Polarization beam apparatus in light path
(PBS), quarter wave plate (QWP) and 1/2 wave plate (HWP) can optimize system output and improve sensitivity.In the present invention, time domain
All optical components that OCT systems are chosen are suitable for 400-1000nm wavelength bands.Divided using 10Ms/s sample rates, 16-bit
The analog-digital converter of resolution obtains complete interference fringe numeral signal.
Reference arm and sample arm are all by step motor control.Sample arm is first positioned at sample area, and chooses some conducts
Starting point, subsequently, centered on reference arm is zero by optical path difference, in coherence length scope, will produce interference signal, while data
Capture card is changed the photoelectric current of output by collecting by photodetector, so as to obtain the intensity signal of interference signal.At this
In bright, the motor of employing is Thorlabs companies MT1/M-Z8 single shaft electricity driving displacement platforms, can be carried along a direction of principal axis
For the stroke range of 12mm (0.47 inch), each displacement platform is equipped with 1.00 inches of (25.0mm x of 1.00 inches of x
Screw array 25.0mm), wherein have 7 1/4 inch -20 (M6) screw, can be with compatibility standard optical-mechanical components.Using
Detector is the OCT balanced detectors with fast monitored output：Wave-length coverage is 800 to 1700nm, type photodetector
InGaAs/PIN, bandwidth 75MHz.
Light path module：In the present invention, PCF super continuum source (bandwidth be we used：500-2000nm,
power：1w), by using attenuator (AS), power is reduced to into 20mW.Whole system is in dark room conditions, and does not have which
His bias light.The light that super continuum source sends reaches OCT systems by free space, and broadband achromat is converged light to
On sample.
Light path scan module：We used two electricity driving displacement platforms in the present invention, one is for horizontal sweep, separately
One is, for vertical scanning, they to be used in combination, and we can produce a two-dimentional image.
Reference arm is as shown in Figure 2 with the scanning process of sample arm：
Sample arm is located at sample areas, and selects a point as starting point.Reference arm starts in the range of coherence length
It is mobile, interference signal is produced with the back-scattering light of sample arm.In the same time, data collecting card will be obtained by photodetector
The photoelectric current for detecting, so as to obtain the strength information about interference signal.
OCT systems generally have two kinds of scan patterns, and one kind is normal scan mode, and another kind is scan pattern of crawling.For
Time-consuming and accelerate imaging, we are using scan pattern of crawling.When a point is scanned through, reference arm does not return to which
Home position, but sample arm transverse shifting a little after, it ultimately forms so-called scanning of crawling from Surface scan forward below
Mode.Intelligent control module includes intelligent control platform A, intelligent control platform B；Intelligent control platform A is used to control translation
Platform control A is operated, intelligent control platform A is operated for controlling translation stage control B.
Detector module：Detector (PDB420C) used in the present invention is from Thorlabs companies.
Signal processing module：
In signal processing module, Usage data collection card conduct of the present invention：
1st, extract time domain OCT interference signal
2nd, original interference signal is filtered
3rd, the envelope of interference signal
4th, OCT system true resolutions are calculated
The light path and system hardware operating platform of optical coherence tomography system are devised, is realized initial including system
Every subfunction and the job type acquisition functions such as change, translation stage control, detector triggering, data acquisition and storage, are completed
Photoelectricity collection storage part joint debugging test, collocation super continuum source carry out system performance testing, and imaging resolution is up to 2.2 μm.
Realize the detection mode of contactless hurtless measure measurement.
The preferred embodiments of the invention is the foregoing is only, the claims of the present invention are not limited to.
It is simultaneously described above, for those skilled in the technology concerned it would be appreciated that and implement, therefore other are based on institute of the present invention
The equivalent completed by disclosure changes, and should be included in the covering scope of the claims.
Wide range tomography of high resolution optics coherence system has the beneficial effect that：
Smaller bandwidth range in OCT applications, will not affect that penetration depth and scanning speed in imaging.Can obtain
Must stablize, flat symmetrical super continuous spectrums are produced come the reliable light source as high-resolution OCT, the technical problem of this respect is
Jing is solved.And the light path and system hardware operating platform of optical coherence tomography system are devised, realize including at the beginning of system
Every subfunction and the job type acquisition functions such as beginningization, translation stage control, detector triggering, data acquisition and storage, are completed
Photoelectricity collection storage part joint debugging test, collocation super continuum source carry out system performance testing, and imaging resolution is up to 2.2 μ
m.Realize the detection mode of contactless hurtless measure measurement.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of wide range tomography of high resolution optics coherence system, it is characterised in that comprising following：
It is made up of five modules：Light path module；Light path scan module；Signal detection module；Signal processing module；Based Intelligent Control mould
Block；
The light path module is included：Super continuous spectrums optical fiber source, attenuator, 1/2 wave plate, polarization beam apparatus A, quarter wave plate, point
Beam device B, broadband achromat A, broadband achromat B；
The bandwidth range 500-2000nm of super continuous spectrums optical fiber source described in the light path module, power 1w, by using institute
Attenuator is stated, power is reduced to into 20mW；
The wide range tomography of high resolution optics coherence system is placed in dark room conditions, and does not have other bias lights；Institute
State the light that super continuous spectrums optical fiber source sends to be propagated by free space, the broadband achromat A is converged light to
Reference mirror region, the broadband achromat B are converged light in sample areas, and are used for using two-way balance detection method
Eliminate the excess noise that the super continuous spectrums optical fiber source is produced；
The polarization beam apparatus A, the quarter wave plate, 1/2 wave plate are used to optimize system output and improve sensitivity；Institute
State all optical components in light path module to be arranged to be suitable for 400-1000nm wavelength bands, and turned using simulation numeral
Get complete interference fringe numeral signal in return；
The light path scan module is included：Sample arm, reference arm, motor A, motor B, translation stage control A, translation
Platform controls B；The light path scan module used the motor A and the translation stage control A, the motor B and
Two kinds of combinations of the translation stage control B, a combination are that, for horizontal sweep, another described combination is for vertically sweeping
Retouch, two kinds of combinations are used in combination, a two-dimentional image can be produced；
The signal detection module includes photodetector, detector triggering control, radio frequency output；
The signal processing module includes data acquisition and storage device；
The reference arm is controlled by the motor A, and the sample arm is controlled by the motor B, the sample arm elder generation
The sample area is positioned at, and is chosen a little as starting point, subsequently, centered on the reference arm is zero by optical path difference,
Coherence length scope, produces interference signal, while the data acquisition and storage device will be collected by the photodetector
The photoelectric current of conversion output, so as to obtain the intensity signal of interference signal；
The motor A, the motor B, can provide the stroke model of 12mm (0.47 inch) along a direction of principal axis
Enclose, and be furnished with the screw array of 1.00 inches × 1.00 inches (25.0mm × 25.0mm) sizes, wherein the screw array has 7
Individual 1/4 inch of -20 (M6) screw, for compatibility standard optical-mechanical components；
The photodetector is the OCT balanced detectors with fast monitored output, and wave-length coverage is 800 to 1700nm, band
A width of 75MHz；
The reference arm with the scanning process of the sample arm is：The sample arm is located at the sample areas, and selects one
Point is used as starting point；The reference arm starts to move in the range of the coherence length, the back-scattering light with the sample arm
Produce interference signal；In the same time, the data acquisition and storage device will obtain what is detected by the photodetector
Photoelectric current, so as to obtain the strength information about interference signal；
In order to it is time-consuming and accelerate imaging, using scan pattern of crawling；When a point is scanned through, the reference arm is not returned
Return to its home position, and the sample arm transverse shifting a little after, the reference arm is from Surface scan, most end form forward below
Into the scan mode that crawls；
The data acquisition and storage device in the signal processing module is used to extract interference signal, and will be original dry
Relate to signal be filtered, the envelope of interference signal, calculate true resolution；
The intelligent control module includes intelligent control platform A, intelligent control platform B；The intelligent control platform A is used to control
Make translation stage control A is operated, the intelligent control platform B is used to controlling the translation stage control B to be operated.
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| CN117553927A (en) * | 2024-01-09 | 2024-02-13 | 北京奥博泰测控技术有限公司 | Wide-spectrum and wide-range high-precision birefringence phase difference measuring device |
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