CN106579531B - A kind of persistently overheating roasting fragrant roasting soft baking method of bulk curing barn extension pole dress cigarette - Google Patents
A kind of persistently overheating roasting fragrant roasting soft baking method of bulk curing barn extension pole dress cigarette Download PDFInfo
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- CN106579531B CN106579531B CN201710013867.4A CN201710013867A CN106579531B CN 106579531 B CN106579531 B CN 106579531B CN 201710013867 A CN201710013867 A CN 201710013867A CN 106579531 B CN106579531 B CN 106579531B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/10—Roasting or cooling tobacco
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of bulk curing barns to hang the persistently overheating roasting fragrant roasting soft baking method of pole dress cigarette, the present invention takes " moisturizing flavescence, slow fixation, it is slowly persistently overheating, the technology of humiture dynamic change ", ensure that the baking time for being in the temperature humidity range for being suitable for quality modulation in barn per canopy (layer) tobacco leaf is enough, and it is not much different, every canopy (layer) tobacco leaf can be promoted all fully to turn yellow, macromolecular substances are abundant or appropriate Degradation and Transformation, generate more flavor matter, and can in time fixation and consolidate quality, make each canopy hypo-tobacco leaf scalding of full a heatable brick bed, roasting perfume, it is roasting soft, it bakes, improve full a heatable brick bed baking quality of tobacco and industrial applicability.Baking process provided by the invention is brief and concise, grasps, is arranged and changes convenient for baking personnel.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to tobacco flue-curing technical fields, and in particular to a kind of bulk curing barn extension pole dress cigarette is persistently overheating roasting fragrant roasting
Soft baking method.
Background technology
Tobacco flue-curing be unable to do without baking process.Baking process be in Tobacco Leaf Curing to dry-bulb temperature, wet bulb humidity,
The specific requirement of the variables such as baking time and control technique.Bulk curing barn hangs the method for flue-curing tobacco leaves that pole dress cigarette mode is applied at present
Such as three-phase-drying for tobacco technique, six step bakings are all to take ladder-elevating temperature mode, that is, have multiple temperature rise periods and steady thermophase
It constitutes, general time temperature rise period is shorter, and the steady thermophase time is longer.These ladder-elevating temperature baking process are put into practice in tobacco flue-curing
On have the following problems：
(1) heating rate of temperature rise period is too fast, and the dry bulb heating rate in yellowing stage and fixation stage is generally (0.5
~1 DEG C)/h, or even faster, the dry bulb heating rate in dry muscle stage is 1 DEG C/h or more.Yellowing stage and fixation step-up temperature
Excessive velocities, on the one hand can cause tobacco leaf dehydration and drying very fast and to be rendered as structure stiff, not soft, after baking smooth cigarette ratio compared with
It is high；On the other hand it does not have enough time so that and is unfavorable for quality of tobacco macromolecular substances such as chlorophyll, protein, starch etc. fully
Or appropriate Degradation and Transformation, and causing the flavor matter generated and its precursor substance not abundant enough, cured tobacco leaf perfume quantity is insufficient.
Extremely complex physiological change, biochemical reaction, chemical reaction and physics has occurred in tobacco leaf in baking process
Variation, to change the physicochemical character of tobacco leaf.Process conditions (temperature, relative humidity, baking time) only residing for tobacco leaf and
Its dynamic change is suitable, these variations can just carry out by easy stages, can just make to be unfavorable for quality of tobacco macromolecular substances abundant
Or appropriate Degradation and Transformation, be just conducive to the formation of quality of tobacco and fixation and bake perfume, scalding, bake, it is slow to be just conducive to tobacco leaf
It actuates and bakes soft.
(2) duration of steady thermophase is long, generally 34 DEG C of steady temperature 10h or more, 38 DEG C of steady temperature 18h and with
Above, in 54 DEG C of steady temperature 12h or more, etc., it is difficult to ensure full a heatable brick bed baking quality of tobacco.Currently, China's bulk curing barn generally fills
3 canopy of cigarette (layer), there are certain temperature gradient and phases for the environmental condition (air condition) of different canopy (layer) hypo-tobacco leafs in baking process
To moist gradient, i.e., the baking process condition (air condition) residing for identical baking time difference canopy hypo-tobacco leaf is different
, generally in later stage the differing greatly to dry muscle early period that turn yellow, 1~3 DEG C of the temperature difference of adjacent canopy time, relative humidity difference
10%~30%, the difference bigger of bottom canopy (layer) and ceiling (layer), 3~5 DEG C of temperature difference, 30% or more relative humidity difference.
The air that the baking process of bulk curing barn is measured with the sensor temperature-sensing probe of temperature highest, relative humidity minimum canopy time at present
Humiture is that target is configured and regulates and controls, i.e., the following canopy temperature sensor of air-flow rising-type bulk curing barn is master control sensor,
The above canopy temperature sensor of airflow descending type compression flue-curing barn is master control sensor.Therefore, the humiture shown by controller is practical
On can only represent the baking process condition for hanging up master control sensor canopy hypo-tobacco leaf, even the baking process of the canopy hypo-tobacco leaf is suitable
Preferably, the baking process that can not represent other canopy hypo-tobacco leafs is suitable, and often the baking process of other canopy hypo-tobacco leafs owes suitable
Preferably or it is not suitable for, usually temperature is relatively low, relative humidity is higher.If the duration of steady thermophase is long, it is unfavorable in fact
The qualities of other canopy hypo-tobacco leafs is modulated, such as the surely warm overlong time in 34 DEG C and 38 DEG C, the temperature of other canopy hypo-tobacco leafs is relatively low,
The activity of the enzymes such as hydrolase is relatively low, and the degradation speeds such as internal macromolecular substances such as starch, protein, chlorophyll are slower, are unfavorable for
They fully or suitably degrade；Later, since heating rate is very fast, and make the original lower canopy of temperature time in the shorter time
It has inside crossed suitable for the temperature humidity range of macromolecular substances Degradation and Transformation, hereafter since temperature is higher and humidity is relatively low, has made tobacco leaf
Middle free water vapor discharge is more and causes tobacco leaf water content relatively low, and the activity of hydrolase can be suppressed, and also be unfavorable for dividing greatly
Sub- substance is abundant or appropriate Degradation and Transformation, and what is generated is conducive to the flavor matters such as small-molecule substance such as amino acid, monosaccharide and perfume (or spice)
The amount of gas precursor substance is insufficient, and perfume quantity is insufficient after causing part tobacco leaf roasting, and structure is not stiff, unloose, soft.In addition, to the greatest extent
Pipe 54 DEG C of steady temperature are longer be conducive to master control sensor where the tobacco leaf of canopy time generate more flavor matter, but other canopies time cigarette
Leaf temp is relatively low, and the flavor matter of generation is few, and very fast due to heating up later, has crossed given birth to suitable for flavor matter soon
At temperature stage.As it can be seen that the duration of steady thermophase is long, it is unfavorable for the quality modulation of other canopy hypo-tobacco leafs, i.e., not
It can ensure that the roasting perfume of full a heatable brick bed tobacco leaf bakes soft bake.
(3) yellowing stage especially turn yellow early period and flavescence mid-term dry and wet difference it is larger, in 38 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, wet bulb
Temperature is 36 DEG C or so, in 40 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature be 37 DEG C or so, tobacco leaf can be made to lose more Free water,
The activity for influencing the enzymes such as hydrolase, is unfavorable for macromolecular substances Degradation and Transformation, is unfavorable for tobacco leaf and fully turns yellow, and it is roasting to be unfavorable for tobacco leaf
It is fragrant, roasting it is soft, bake.
(4) these ladder-elevating temperature baking process cannot meet the roasting fragrant roasting soft needs for baking tobacco leaf of all dress cigarette modes.It is close
It is the posture that the dress smoke that collects barn difference dress cigarette mode is different, tobacco leaf is presented and its variation difference in baking process, right
The influence of environment air property is different in barn, it is necessary to is taken respectively with various dress cigarette modes suitable for mating baking process
Can ensure that the tobacco leaves of all dress cigarette modes it is roasting fragrant, it is roasting it is soft, bake.
Invention content
In view of this, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of bulk curing barn, to hang pole dress cigarette persistently overheating roasting
Perfume bakes soft baking method, and baking method provided by the invention is conducive to the formation and fixation of quality of tobacco, can promote full a heatable brick bed cigarette
Leaf scalding, it is roasting fragrant, roasting it is soft, bake, improve full a heatable brick bed baking quality of tobacco.
The present invention provides a kind of bulk curing barns to hang the persistently overheating roasting fragrant roasting soft baking method of pole dress cigarette, including following step
Suddenly：
A it) uses and hangs pole mode in the bulk curing barn with controller into luggage cigarette；
B) tobacco leaf installed is toasted, the baking process experience changing yellow stage, fixation stage and drying muscle stage；
The temperature program of the changing yellow stage is：
Dry-bulb temperature and wet-bulb temperature are risen to 32 DEG C, steady temperature 1h；
Then dry-bulb temperature and wet-bulb temperature are raised to 35~36 DEG C with the heating rate of 0.20~0.3 DEG C/h, steady temperature
1h；
Dry-bulb temperature and wet-bulb temperature are raised to 38~39 DEG C with the heating rate of 0.125~0.20 DEG C/h again, steady temperature
1h；
Then dry-bulb temperature is raised to 41~42 DEG C with the speed of 0.125~0.20 DEG C/h, wet-bulb temperature with 0.25~
The speed of 0.50 DEG C/h drops to 36~37 DEG C, and making two layers of tobacco leaf nine, yellow, master pulse feels like jelly to hundred per cent；
The temperature program of the fixation stage is：
Dry-bulb temperature is raised to 47~48 DEG C with the speed of 0.25~0.30 DEG C/h, wet-bulb temperature is with 0.20~0.25 DEG C/h
Speed rise to 37~38 DEG C, steady temperature 1h；
Wet and dry bulb temperature is raised to 54~55 DEG C with the speed of 0.30~0.40 DEG C/h, wet-bulb temperature is with 0.25~0.30
DEG C/speed of h rises to 38~39 DEG C, make the complete yellow, dry plate of two layers of tobacco leaf；
The temperature program of the drying muscle stage is：
Dry-bulb temperature is raised to 67~68 DEG C with the speed of 0.40~0.50 DEG C/h, wet-bulb temperature is with 0.15~0.20 DEG C/h
Speed rise to 39~41 DEG C, steady 12~15h of temperature makes the complete dry muscle of a heatable brick bed tobacco leaf；
C the tobacco leaf after baking) is got damp again and is unloaded cigarette.
Preferably, it is described hang pole mode cigarette pole length be 140~145cm, per pole compile smoke be 8~9kg, dress cigarette pole away from
For 11~13cm.
Preferably, the length of the bulk curing barn is 8m, is highly 3.3m, width 2.7m.
Preferably, the dress smoke is 400~500 poles, the canopy of dress cigarette three canopy~tetra-.
Preferably, the length of the bulk curing barn is 8m, fills 3 canopy of cigarette, fills 400 pole of smoke, or dress 4 canopy of cigarette, fills smoke
500 poles.
Preferably, in the last stage of the temperature program of changing yellow stage, the baking tobacco leaves be the low tobacco leaf of maturity,
Tobacco leaf upper leaf, turn yellow slow-footed tobacco leaf or the few tobacco leaf of water content, and wet-bulb temperature is down to 37 DEG C；
Alternatively, baking tobacco leaves are the high tobacco leaf of maturity, tobacco leaf inferior leads, turn yellow fireballing tobacco leaf or high-water content
Tobacco leaf, wet-bulb temperature are down to 36 DEG C.
Preferably, the bulk curing barn is air-flow rising-type bulk curing barn, and the controller is controlled using lower canopy；
Alternatively, the bulk curing barn is airflow descending type compression flue-curing barn, the controller is controlled using upper canopy.
Preferably, the moisture regain is to get damp again in barn or get damp again in rain-proof shelter naturally.
Compared with prior art, the present invention provides a kind of bulk curing barns to hang the persistently overheating roasting fragrant roasting soft baking side of pole dress cigarette
Method includes the following steps：A it) uses and hangs pole mode in the bulk curing barn with controller into luggage cigarette；B) the tobacco leaf that will be installed
It is toasted, the baking process experience changing yellow stage, fixation stage and drying muscle stage；The temperature program of the changing yellow stage is：By dry bulb
Temperature and wet-bulb temperature rise to 32 DEG C, steady temperature 1h；Then with the heating rate of 0.20~0.3 DEG C/h by dry-bulb temperature and wet bulb
Temperature is raised to 35~36 DEG C, steady temperature 1h；It is with the heating rate of 0.125~0.20 DEG C/h that dry-bulb temperature and wet-bulb temperature is equal again
38~39 DEG C are raised to, steady temperature 1h；Then dry-bulb temperature is raised to 41~42 DEG C with the speed of 0.125~0.20 DEG C/h, wet bulb temperature
Degree drops to 36~37 DEG C with the speed of 0.25~0.50 DEG C/h, and making two layers of tobacco leaf nine, yellow, master pulse feels like jelly to hundred per cent；With 0.25~
Dry-bulb temperature is raised to 47~48 DEG C by the speed of 0.30 DEG C/h, and wet-bulb temperature rises to 37 with the speed of 0.20~0.25 DEG C/h~
38 DEG C, steady temperature 1h；Wet and dry bulb temperature is raised to 54~55 DEG C with the speed of 0.30~0.40 DEG C/h, wet-bulb temperature with 0.25~
The speed of 0.30 DEG C/h rises to 38~39 DEG C, makes the complete yellow, dry plate of two layers of tobacco leaf；With the speed of 0.40~0.50 DEG C/h by dry bulb
Temperature is raised to 67~68 DEG C, and wet-bulb temperature rises to 39~41 DEG C with the speed of 0.15~0.20 DEG C/h, and 12~15h of steady temperature makes
The dry muscle of full a heatable brick bed tobacco leaf；C the tobacco leaf after baking) is got damp again and is unloaded cigarette.Baking method provided by the invention can ensure full a heatable brick bed
Baking quality of tobacco.The present invention takes the technology of " moisturizing flavescence, slow fixation, slowly persistently overheating, humiture dynamic change ",
It ensures that the baking time for being in the temperature humidity range for being suitable for quality modulation in barn per canopy (layer) tobacco leaf is enough, and differs
Less, can promote that every canopy (layer) tobacco leaf all fully turns yellow, macromolecular substances are abundant or appropriate Degradation and Transformation, generate it is more
Flavor matter, and can in time fixation and consolidate quality, make each canopy hypo-tobacco leaf scalding of full a heatable brick bed, it is roasting fragrant, roasting it is soft, bake, improve complete
A heatable brick bed baking quality of tobacco and industrial applicability.Baking process provided by the invention is brief and concise, is grasped convenient for baking personnel, setting
With modification.In baking process, baking personnel can determine the need for toasting the present invention according to the specific situation of change of tobacco leaf
Technique is modified, if necessary to change, as long as general suitably increase or decrease the baking time of temperature rise period to adjust heating
Speed.Also, baking process provided by the invention is used, tobacco grower can be increased and receive people.
The result shows that being dried according to three ladders that pole dress cigarette mode is applied are hung in 2013~2015 years test results, with production
Curing process is compared, and the fragrance component total amount of cured tobacco leaf of the present invention averagely improves 19.6%, and smooth cigarette quantity averagely declines
16.1%, first-class cigarette ratio averagely improves 11.7%.Since cured tobacco leaf actuates, relatively soft, orange cigarette ratio is higher, first-class cigarette
Ratio improves 11.7%, and tobacco leaf average price improves 0.92 yuan/kg, per mu to increase income 122.60 yuan.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention provides a kind of bulk curing barns to hang the persistently overheating roasting fragrant roasting soft baking method of pole dress cigarette, including following step
Suddenly：
A it) uses and hangs pole mode in the bulk curing barn with controller into luggage cigarette；
B) tobacco leaf installed is toasted, the baking process experience changing yellow stage, fixation stage and drying muscle stage；
The temperature program of the changing yellow stage is：
Dry-bulb temperature and wet-bulb temperature are risen to 32 DEG C, steady temperature 1h；
Then dry-bulb temperature and wet-bulb temperature are raised to 35~36 DEG C with the heating rate of 0.20~0.3 DEG C/h, steady temperature
1h；
Dry-bulb temperature and wet-bulb temperature are raised to 38~39 DEG C with the heating rate of 0.125~0.20 DEG C/h again, steady temperature
1h；
Then dry-bulb temperature is raised to 41~42 DEG C with the speed of 0.125~0.20 DEG C/h, wet-bulb temperature with 0.25~
The speed of 0.50 DEG C/h drops to 36~37 DEG C, and making two layers of tobacco leaf nine, yellow, master pulse feels like jelly to hundred per cent；
The temperature program of the fixation stage is：
Dry-bulb temperature is raised to 47~48 DEG C with the speed of 0.25~0.30 DEG C/h, wet-bulb temperature is with 0.20~0.25 DEG C/h
Speed rise to 37~38 DEG C, steady temperature 1h；
Wet and dry bulb temperature is raised to 54~55 DEG C with the speed of 0.30~0.40 DEG C/h, wet-bulb temperature is with 0.25~0.30
DEG C/speed of h rises to 38~39 DEG C, make the complete yellow, dry plate of two layers of tobacco leaf；
The temperature program of the drying muscle stage is：
Dry-bulb temperature is raised to 67~68 DEG C with the speed of 0.40~0.50 DEG C/h, wet-bulb temperature is with 0.15~0.20 DEG C/h
Speed rise to 39~41 DEG C, steady 12~15h of temperature makes the complete dry muscle of a heatable brick bed tobacco leaf；
C the tobacco leaf after baking) is got damp again and is unloaded cigarette.
The present invention is using extension pole mode into luggage cigarette in the bulk curing barn with controller.In the present invention, the band
It is 8m to have the length of the bulk curing barn of controller, is highly 3.3m, width 2.7m.
In the bulk curing barn of above-mentioned scale and size, the dress smoke is preferably 400~500 poles, and dress cigarette is preferably three
The canopy of canopy~tetra-.
It is furthermore preferred that when the length of the bulk curing barn is 8m, 3 canopy of cigarette is filled, fills 400 pole of smoke, or dress 4 canopy of cigarette,
Fill 500 pole of smoke.
In the present invention, the cigarette pole length for hanging pole mode is preferably 140~145cm, more preferably 141~144cm,
Smoke preferably 8~9kg, more preferably 8.2~8.8kg are compiled per pole, dress cigarette pole away from preferably 11~13cm, more preferably 11.5~
12.5cm。
In the present invention, the bulk curing barn is the bulk curing barn with controller, when the bulk curing barn is on air-flow
When lift-type bulk curing barn, the controller is controlled using lower canopy；Alternatively, when the bulk curing barn is airflow descending type compression flue-curing barn
When, the controller is controlled using upper canopy.
Then, the tobacco leaf installed is toasted, the baking process experience changing yellow stage, fixation stage and drying muscle stage.
Wherein, the temperature program of the changing yellow stage is：
Dry-bulb temperature and wet-bulb temperature are risen to 32 DEG C, steady temperature 1h；
Then dry-bulb temperature and wet-bulb temperature are raised to 35~36 DEG C with the heating rate of 0.20~0.3 DEG C/h, steady temperature
1h；
Dry-bulb temperature and wet-bulb temperature are raised to 38~39 DEG C with the heating rate of 0.125~0.20 DEG C/h again, steady temperature
1h；
Then dry-bulb temperature is raised to 41~42 DEG C with the speed of 0.125~0.20 DEG C/h, wet-bulb temperature with 0.25~
The speed of 0.50 DEG C/h drops to 36~37 DEG C, and making two layers of tobacco leaf nine, yellow, master pulse feels like jelly to hundred per cent.
In the present invention, in the last stage of the temperature program of changing yellow stage, the baking tobacco leaves are that maturity is low
Tobacco leaf, tobacco leaf upper leaf, turn yellow slow-footed tobacco leaf or the few tobacco leaf of water content, and wet-bulb temperature is down to 37 DEG C；
Alternatively, baking tobacco leaves are the high tobacco leaf of maturity, tobacco leaf inferior leads, turn yellow fireballing tobacco leaf or high-water content
Wet-bulb temperature is down to 36 DEG C by tobacco leaf.
Need to be followed in changing yellow stage, the specific heating rate of yellowing stage dry-bulb temperature will according to Maturity of Tobacco Leaf, tobacco leaf position,
The factors such as tobacco flue-curing characteristic determine, when maturity is higher quick heating some, it is relatively low when heating it is slow, inferior leads heating is fast
Some, upper leaf heating it is partially slow, tobacco leaf turn yellow fast then quick heating some, the slow then heating that turns yellow it is slow.
In the present invention, the temperature program of the fixation stage is：
Dry-bulb temperature is raised to 47~48 DEG C with the speed of 0.25~0.30 DEG C/h, wet-bulb temperature is with 0.20~0.25 DEG C/h
Speed rise to 37~38 DEG C, steady temperature 1h；
Wet and dry bulb temperature is raised to 54~55 DEG C with the speed of 0.30~0.40 DEG C/h, wet-bulb temperature is with 0.25~0.30
DEG C/speed of h rises to 38~39 DEG C, make the complete yellow, dry plate of two layers of tobacco leaf.
In the present invention, the temperature program of the drying muscle stage is：
Dry-bulb temperature is raised to 67~68 DEG C with the speed of 0.40~0.50 DEG C/h, wet-bulb temperature is with 0.15~0.20 DEG C/h
Speed rise to 39~41 DEG C, steady 12~15h of temperature makes the complete dry muscle of a heatable brick bed tobacco leaf.
41 DEG C are maintained in the wet-bulb temperature of drying muscle stage, inferior leads, keeps relatively high relative humidity in favor of appropriate
Deepen the color of inferior leads, the wet-bulb temperature of middle leaf is maintained at 40 DEG C, and the wet-bulb temperature of upper leaf is maintained at 39 DEG C, keeps phase
To lower relative humidity to prevent the color of upper leaf too deep.
After baking, the tobacco leaf after baking is got damp again and is unloaded cigarette.
Specifically, after baking, temperature in barn is dropped into room temperature, the door and window of barn is opened, tobacco natural is made to get damp again,
Or pole and cigarette will be hung and unloaded from barn, be placed in rain-proof shelter and get damp again, after moisture regain by tobacco leaf solution pole, tie up and then fill
Enter tabacco barn.
Operation is used for convenience of technical staff and tobacco grower simultaneously, applicant is to hanging the persistently overheating roasting fragrant roasting soft baking of pole dress cigarette
The links of method are counted and are arranged, and detail is shown in Table 1
Table 1 hangs the persistently overheating roasting fragrant roasting soft baking method of pole dress cigarette
Baking method provided by the invention can ensure full a heatable brick bed baking quality of tobacco.The present invention take " moisturizing turn yellow, slowly
The technology of fixation, slowly persistently overheating, humiture dynamic change ", it is ensured that be in per canopy (layer) tobacco leaf in barn and be suitable for product
The baking time of the temperature humidity range of matter modulation is enough, and is not much different, and every canopy (layer) tobacco leaf can be promoted all fully to become
Yellow, macromolecular substances are abundant or appropriate Degradation and Transformation, generate more flavor matter, and can in time fixation and consolidate quality,
Make each canopy hypo-tobacco leaf scalding of full a heatable brick bed, it is roasting fragrant, roasting it is soft, bake, improve full a heatable brick bed baking quality of tobacco and industrial applicability.The present invention carries
The baking process of confession is brief and concise, grasps, is arranged and changes convenient for baking personnel.In baking process, baking personnel can basis
The specific situation of change of tobacco leaf determines the need for modifying to baking process of the present invention, if necessary to change, as long as general
Suitably the baking time of temperature rise period is increased or decreased to adjust heating rate.Also, use baking provided by the invention
Technique can increase tobacco grower and receive people.
The result shows that being dried according to three ladders that pole dress cigarette mode is applied are hung in 2013~2015 years test results, with production
Curing process is compared, and the fragrance component total amount of cured tobacco leaf of the present invention averagely improves 19.6%, and smooth cigarette quantity averagely declines
16.1%, first-class cigarette ratio averagely improves 11.7%.Since cured tobacco leaf actuates, relatively soft, orange cigarette ratio is higher, first-class cigarette
Ratio improves 11.7%, and tobacco leaf average price improves 0.92 yuan/kg, per mu to increase income 122.60 yuan.
For a further understanding of the present invention, pole dress cigarette is hung to bulk curing barn provided by the invention with reference to embodiment and is continued
The roasting fragrant roasting soft baking method of heating illustrates, and protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
Embodiment 1
Present embodiments provide a kind of persistently overheating roasting fragrant roasting soft baking process of bulk curing barn extension pole dress cigarette：
A it) uses and hangs pole mode in the bulk curing barn with controller into luggage cigarette.It is described intensive roasting with controller
The length in room is 8m, is highly 3.3m, width 2.7m.
In the bulk curing barn of above-mentioned scale and size, 3 canopy of cigarette is filled, dress smoke is 400 poles.
In the present invention, the cigarette pole length for hanging pole mode is 140~145cm, every pole volume smoke preferably 8.2~
8.8kg, dress cigarette pole is away from for 11~13cm.The bulk curing barn with controller is air-flow rising-type bulk curing barn, the control
Device processed is controlled using lower canopy.
B) tobacco leaf installed is toasted, the baking process of different parts tobacco leaf difference, inferior leads, middle leaf and
The processing step difference of upper leaf is as follows：
(1) the roasting fragrant roasting soft baking process of inferior leads
1. yellowing stage：It fills cigarette to light a fire later, dry, wet-bulb temperature is risen to 32 DEG C, steady temperature 1h；With 0.25~0.30
DEG C/dry, wet-bulb temperature is raised to 36 DEG C by the heating rate of h, steady temperature 1h；It then will be dry, wet with the speed of 0.15~0.20 DEG C/h
Ball temperature is raised to 39 DEG C, steady temperature 1h；Dry-bulb temperature is raised to 42 DEG C with the speed of (0.15~0.20 DEG C)/h again, wet-bulb temperature with
The speed of 0.33~0.50 DEG C/h drops to 36.5~36 DEG C, and two layers of ninety percent Huang of tobacco leaves, master pulse is made to feel like jelly.
2. the fixation stage：Dry-bulb temperature is raised to 48 DEG C with the speed of 0.30 DEG C/h, wet bulb is in the speed of 0.25 DEG C/h
37 DEG C are raised to, steady temperature 1h；Wet and dry bulb temperature is raised to 55 DEG C with the speed of (0.35~0.40 DEG C)/h, wet-bulb temperature is with 0.25
DEG C/speed of h rises to 38~38.5 DEG C, make the complete yellow, dry plate of two layers of tobacco leaf.
3. the dry muscle stage：Dry-bulb temperature is raised to 68 DEG C with the speed of 0.50 DEG C/h, wet bulb is in the speed of 0.15 DEG C/h
41 DEG C are raised to, 12~15h of steady temperature makes the complete dry muscle of a heatable brick bed tobacco leaf.
The baking temperature in above-mentioned each stage is counted, the results are shown in Table 2.
The roasting fragrant roasting soft baking temperature technique of 2 inferior leads of table
(2) the roasting fragrant roasting soft baking process (table 3) of middle leaf
1. yellowing stage：It fills cigarette to light a fire later, dry, wet-bulb temperature is risen to 32 DEG C, steady temperature 1h；With the liter of 0.25 DEG C/h
Dry, wet-bulb temperature is raised to 36 DEG C by warm speed, steady temperature 1h；Then dry, wet-bulb temperature is raised to 38 DEG C with the speed of 0.15 DEG C/h,
Steady temperature 1h；Dry-bulb temperature is raised to 42 DEG C with the speed of (0.125~0.15 DEG C)/h again, wet bulb is with the speed of 0.33~0.50 DEG C/h
Degree drops to 36.5 DEG C, and two layers of ninety percent Huang of tobacco leaves, master pulse is made to feel like jelly.2. the fixation stage：With the speed of (0.25~0.27 DEG C)/h
Dry-bulb temperature is raised to 48 DEG C, wet bulb rises to 37.5 DEG C with the speed of 0.25 DEG C/h, steady temperature 1h；It will with the speed of 0.35 DEG C/h
Wet and dry bulb temperature is raised to 55 DEG C, and wet bulb rises to 38.5 DEG C with the speed of 0.25 DEG C/h, makes the complete yellow, dry plate of two layers of tobacco leaf.
3. the dry muscle stage：Dry-bulb temperature is raised to 68 DEG C with the speed of 0.5 DEG C/h, wet bulb is risen with the speed of 0.20 DEG C/h
To 40 DEG C, 13~15h of steady temperature makes the complete dry muscle of a heatable brick bed tobacco leaf.
The baking temperature in above-mentioned each stage is counted, the results are shown in Table 3.
The roasting fragrant roasting soft baking temperature technique of 3 middle leaf of table
(3) the roasting fragrant roasting soft baking process (table 4) of upper leaf
1. yellowing stage：It fills cigarette to light a fire later, dry, wet-bulb temperature is risen to 32 DEG C, steady temperature 1h；With the liter of 0.2 DEG C/h
Dry, wet-bulb temperature is raised to 35 DEG C by warm speed, steady temperature 1h；Then dry, wet-bulb temperature is raised to 38 with the speed of 0.125 DEG C/h
DEG C, steady temperature 1h；Again with dry-bulb temperature is raised to 41 DEG C by the speed of (0.1~0.125 DEG C)/h, wet bulb is with 0.25~0.33 DEG C/h's
Speed drops to 36.5~37 DEG C, and two layers of ninety percent Huang of tobacco leaves, master pulse is made to feel like jelly.2. the fixation stage：It will with the speed of 0.25 DEG C/h
Dry-bulb temperature is raised to 47 DEG C, 37 DEG C of wet bulb, steady temperature 1h；Wet and dry bulb temperature is raised to 54 with the speed of (0.25~0.3 DEG C) DEG C/h
DEG C, wet bulb rise to 38 DEG C with the speed of 0.25 DEG C/h, make that two layers of tobacco leaf are complete yellow, dry plate.
3. the dry muscle stage：With dry-bulb temperature is raised to 67 DEG C by the speed of 0.40 DEG C/h, wet bulb is in the speed of 0.20 DEG C/h
39 DEG C are raised to, 13~15h of steady temperature makes the complete dry muscle of a heatable brick bed tobacco leaf.
The baking temperature in above-mentioned each stage is counted, the results are shown in Table 4.
The roasting fragrant roasting soft baking temperature technique of 4 upper leaf of table
1 three ladder baking process of comparative example
Three ladder baking process are a kind of currently used method for flue-curing tobacco leaves, when feature is that heating rate is very fast, steady warm
Between it is long.Specifically：
A it) uses and hangs pole mode in the bulk curing barn with controller into luggage cigarette.It is described intensive roasting with controller
The length in room is 8m, is highly 3.3m, width 2.7m.
In the bulk curing barn of above-mentioned scale and size, 3 canopy of cigarette is filled, dress smoke is 400 poles.
In the present invention, the cigarette pole length for hanging pole mode is 140~145cm, every pole volume smoke preferably 8.2~
8.8kg, dress cigarette pole is away from for 11~13cm.The bulk curing barn with controller is air-flow rising-type bulk curing barn, the control
Device processed is controlled using lower canopy.
B) tobacco leaf installed is toasted, the baking process of different parts tobacco leaf is toasted all in accordance with following technique,
Its baking process parameter summarizes such as table 5：
5 three ladder baking process of table
Embodiment 2
Fragrance component, smooth cigarette number, first-class cigarette ratio are carried out to tobacco leaf obtained above to be measured.
(1) fragrance component assay method and result
1. Changing Regulation of Aroma Materials assay method
After first to cigarette sample using Simultaneous distillation-extraction (SDE) separation, then using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) survey
Fixed neutrality aroma substance measures acid aroma substance using GC.
1.3.5.1 neutral aroma substance GC-MS conditions
Chromatographic column：DB-5(30m×0.25mmi.d.×0.25μm d.f.)；Temperature programming：40℃(2min)4℃/min
250℃(10min)；Injection port：250℃；Carrier gas：He；Stigma pressure：100kPa；Split ratio：30:1；Sample size：1.0μL.Transmission
Line temperature：250 DEG C, ion source temperature：170℃；EI energy：70eV, scanning range：35~350uam；Internal standard：Linalool；It is right
Collected mass spectrogram carries out series connection retrieval using the two spectrum libraries NIST and WILEY；Using area normalization standard measure.Remaining chromatography
The same GC of condition.
1.3.5.2 acid aroma substance GC conditions
Perkin Elmer Auto-System GC chromatographs (configuration shunting/Splitless injecting samples mouth)；Injector temperature：
250 DEG C, capillary column：HP-FFAP(50m×0.32mmi.d.×0.53μm d.f.)；Carrier gas：N2, stigma pressure:100kPa；Fire
Flame ionization detector (FID)：270℃；Detector hydrogen flowing quantity：35mL/min, air mass flow：350mL/min；Into sample prescription
Formula：It does not shunt and is shunted with after 1min；Split ratio：20:1；Sample size：2μL；Using the method for compareing retention time with standard substance
It carries out qualitative；Inner mark method ration；Internal standard：Phenethyl acetate.Temperature programming：70℃(1min)4℃/min210℃(20min).
2. Changing Regulation of Aroma Materials measurement result
6 cured tobacco leaf fragrance component content of table
(2) smooth cigarette number assay method and result
1. smooth cigarette assay method
Using gravimetric method, the ratio of smooth cigarette in each baking process cured tobacco leaf is measured, counts 3 annual means.
2. smooth cigarette measurement result
The smooth cigarette ratio of 7 cured tobacco leaf of table
| Smooth cigarette grade | 3 years weighted average/% of the present invention | Three weighted average/the % of ladder baking process 3 years |
| S1 | 3.12 | 3.41 |
| S2 | 1.44 | 2.03 |
| It is total | 4.56 | 5.44 |
(3) first-class cigarette quantitative proportion assay method and result
1. first-class cigarette assay method uses gravimetric method, the first-class cigarette ratio of each baking process cured tobacco leaf is measured, is counted 3 years
Average value.
2. first-class cigarette measurement result
The first-class cigarette ratio of 8 cured tobacco leaf of table
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of bulk curing barn hangs the persistently overheating roasting fragrant roasting soft baking method of pole dress cigarette, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
A it) uses and hangs pole mode in the bulk curing barn with controller into luggage cigarette；
B) tobacco leaf installed is toasted, the baking process experience changing yellow stage, fixation stage and drying muscle stage；
The temperature program of the changing yellow stage is：
Dry-bulb temperature and wet-bulb temperature are risen to 32 DEG C, steady temperature 1h；
Then dry-bulb temperature and wet-bulb temperature are raised to 35~36 DEG C with the heating rate of 0.20~0.3 DEG C/h, steady temperature 1h；
Dry-bulb temperature and wet-bulb temperature are raised to 38~39 DEG C with the heating rate of 0.125~0.20 DEG C/h again, steady temperature 1h；
Then dry-bulb temperature is raised to 41~42 DEG C with the speed of 0.125~0.20 DEG C/h, wet-bulb temperature with 0.25~0.50 DEG C/
The speed of h drops to 36~37 DEG C, and making two layers of tobacco leaf nine, yellow, master pulse feels like jelly to hundred per cent；
The temperature program of the fixation stage is：
Dry-bulb temperature is raised to 47~48 DEG C with the speed of 0.25~0.30 DEG C/h, wet-bulb temperature is with the speed of 0.20~0.25 DEG C/h
Degree rises to 37~38 DEG C, steady temperature 1h；
Wet and dry bulb temperature is raised to 54~55 DEG C with the speed of 0.30~0.40 DEG C/h, wet-bulb temperature is with 0.25~0.30 DEG C/h's
Speed rises to 38~39 DEG C, makes the complete yellow, dry plate of two layers of tobacco leaf；
The temperature program of the drying muscle stage is：
Dry-bulb temperature is raised to 67~68 DEG C with the speed of 0.40~0.50 DEG C/h, wet-bulb temperature is with the speed of 0.15~0.20 DEG C/h
Degree rises to 39~41 DEG C, and 12~15h of steady temperature makes the complete dry muscle of a heatable brick bed tobacco leaf；
C the tobacco leaf after baking) is got damp again and is unloaded cigarette；
The cigarette pole length for hanging pole mode is 140~145cm, and it is 8~9kg that smoke is compiled per pole, and dress cigarette pole is away from for 11~13cm；
The length of the bulk curing barn is 8m, is highly 3.3m, width 2.7m；
The dress smoke is 400~500 poles, the canopy of dress cigarette three canopy~tetra-.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the length of the bulk curing barn is 8m, dress 3 canopy of cigarette fills cigarette
400 poles, or dress 4 canopy of cigarette are measured, 500 pole of smoke is filled.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the last stage of the temperature program in changing yellow stage, institute
State that baking tobacco leaves are the low tobacco leaf of maturity, tobacco leaf upper leaf, turn yellow slow-footed tobacco leaf or the few tobacco leaf of water content, by wet bulb
Temperature is down to 37 DEG C；
Alternatively, baking tobacco leaves are the high tobacco leaf of maturity, tobacco leaf inferior leads, turn yellow fireballing tobacco leaf or high-water content cigarette
Leaf, wet-bulb temperature are down to 36 DEG C.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the bulk curing barn be air-flow rising-type bulk curing barn, institute
Controller is stated to control using lower canopy；
Alternatively, the bulk curing barn is airflow descending type compression flue-curing barn, the controller is controlled using upper canopy.
5. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the moisture regain is to get damp again naturally in barn or in rain-proof shelter
Interior moisture regain.
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| CN107637855B (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2020-02-07 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Flue-cured tobacco primary curing method for effectively improving processability of tobacco industrial re-curing link |
| CN108982202A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-12-11 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of measuring method heating volatile organic compounds in the cigarette that do not burn |
| CN109288113B (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2021-06-08 | 贵州省烟草公司六盘水市公司 | Roasting process of Yunyan 87 in biomass energy roasting room |
| CN110946309B (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2022-01-07 | 安徽皖南烟叶有限责任公司 | Baking method for improving yield of upper deep orange tobacco leaves |
| CN114931229B (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2023-05-23 | 广东省烟草科学研究所 | Dense baking process for She Junyi-based fixation of whole flue-cured tobacco |
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