CN1065761A - Microstrip multi-way non-uniform power distributing and synthesing device - Google Patents
Microstrip multi-way non-uniform power distributing and synthesing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN1065761A CN1065761A CN 92102387 CN92102387A CN1065761A CN 1065761 A CN1065761 A CN 1065761A CN 92102387 CN92102387 CN 92102387 CN 92102387 A CN92102387 A CN 92102387A CN 1065761 A CN1065761 A CN 1065761A
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- branch road
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Abstract
The present invention is a kind of microstrip multi-way non-uniform power distributing and synthesing device with two above branch port.It comprises the cloudy resistance parallel operation between an insertion branch road junction point and total Hybrid port, 1/4 wavelength line that each branch road adopts impedance not wait, each tributary port all side has connect an isolation branch road that is in series by phase-shifting transformer and isolation resistance, each is isolated branch road and intersects at a bit, forms an isolation network.In addition, at each tributary port phase shifter of also having pegged graft, be used to compensate the caused signal phase shift of size of isolation resistance.The present invention can realize the microwave unequal power distribution of any way, arbitrary port impedance or synthesize.
Description
The invention belongs to impedance network, is a kind of microstrip multi-way non-uniform power distributing and synthesing device with two above branch port.
At present, microstrip multi-channel constant power distribution/synthesizer obtains to use more widely.Along with the development of technology, in some fields, particularly in phased array radar system, the feeding network that requires its antenna array is a multi-way non-uniform power distributing and synthesing device, so that antenna array obtains the radiation characteristic of maximum directivity gain and minimum secondary lobe.Single angle from distributing realizes that the distribution of multichannel unequal power is not difficult.But from the synthetic angle of power, because of the tributary port source of reality is not to be in perfect condition, must guarantee that mutual isolation and each branch road between each branch road have identical transmission phase place so will make the microwave power of each tributary port can be transferred to areflexia total Hybrid port.For the two-way non-uniform power distributing and synthesing device, can realize isolation between branch road at the indirect resistance of two branch roads; But for more than three the tunnel,, only adopt isolation resistance to be difficult to accomplish between each branch road and isolate mutually because of the more complicated that influences each other between each branch road.So ripe at present microstrip multi-way non-uniform power distributing and synthesing device only limits to the power division of two-way or synthesizes.U.S. Pat 4721929 has been put down in writing a kind of two-way non-uniform power distributing and synthesing device, and it is made up of eight joint 1/4 wavelength lines and two resistance.In fact it is to be combined by two-stage two-way non-uniform power distributing and synthesing device, in the hope of obtaining bigger distribution ratio.With regard to each level, 1/4 wavelength line that it comprises a joint 1/4 wavelength line impedance transformer between an insertion branch road junction point and total Hybrid port, do not waited by the two-way impedance of branch road junction point extension and be positioned at isolation resistance between two branch roads.Theoretically, though available a plurality of two-way non-uniform power distributing and synthesing device makes up, promptly be divided into two, two are divided into four ...But this is that elementary cell is carried out the distribution of multichannel unequal power or synthetic existing problem is with the two-way non-uniform power distributing and synthesing device: 1, way can only be 2
n(n=1,2 ... .), this obviously can not satisfy actual way requirement; 2, volume is big; 3, design is complicated; Therefore, up to the present yet there are no the example of being this type.So, in phased array radar system or adopt multichannel constant power distributions/synthesizer to make feeding network, perhaps increase the attenuation network of a complexity at present at each tributary port of multichannel constant power distribution/synthesizer, realize the distribution of multichannel unequal power or synthesize.The former not only makes the operating distance of system shorten, and scanning space is dwindled, but also greatly reduces signal resolution; The latter has also increased equipment volume, weight and cost exponentially except wasting valuable radio-frequency power.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of above little band non-uniform power distributing and synthesing device of way arbitrarily of two-way of realizing.The port Impedance value of this little band non-uniform power distributing and synthesing device can be with little arbitrary value with accurate TEM mould realization.
Realize that the above unequal power of two-way distributes or synthetic, except requiring total Hybrid port and each tributary port all to be in the complete matching status, also require simultaneously between each branch road to isolate mutually and each branch road has identical transmission phase place, guaranteeing when each branch road microwave source is in undesirable state, can not produce harmful effect each other, and guarantee the phase symmetry of device.
Purpose of the present invention realizes in the following manner according to above-mentioned requirements: the microstrip multi-way non-uniform power distributing and synthesing device that is provided comprises 1/4 wavelength line and each the branch road isolation resistance R that impedance transformer between an insertion branch road junction point and total Hybrid port, the multichannel impedance of being extended by branch road junction point do not wait
n, special feature of the present invention is:
1, the micro belt shifting phase of between 1/4 wavelength line of aforesaid each branch road and tributary port, pegging graft, its length
, n-represents the natural number of each branch road code name in the formula; Δ θ
n-by the caused phase-shift phase of length of branch road isolation resistance Rn; ε
EnThe effective dielectric constant of-tributary port microstrip line;
2, each tributary port is all other connects an isolation branch road that is in series by phase-shifting transformer and branch road isolation resistance Rn, and each is isolated branch road and intersects at and a bit form an isolation network;
2.1, the voltage transformating ratio T of each phase-shifting transformer
1, T
2... T
nShould satisfy relational expression: (1/T
1): (1/T
2) ...: (1/T
n)=(K
1 ): (K
2 
: (K
n ), phase-shift phase is π, and n-represents the natural number of each branch road code name, K in the formula
nThe square root of the power delivery ratio of-each tributary port, Z
nThe impedance of-tributary port;
2.2, each branch road isolation resistance R
n=(1/T
n)
2Z
n;
3, the impedance of 1/4 wavelength line of aforementioned each branch road
N-represents the natural number of each branch road code name in the formula; The square root of the power delivery ratio of each tributary port of Kn-; Z
OiThe equiva lent impedance of each branch road of-branch road junction point place, its value is pressed relational expression: 1/ (Z
O1): 1/ (Z
O2) ...: 1/ (Z
On)=K
2 1: K
2 2: K
2 nDetermine Z
nThe impedance of-tributary port.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing content of the present invention is described in detail.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is one of structure chart of first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 be first embodiment of the invention structure chart two.
Fig. 4 is the structure chart of second embodiment of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1: Zo is the impedance at total Hybrid port O place, A is for inserting the impedance converter between branch road junction point and total Hybrid port, it can be the low pass variable resistance wave filter that even number saves the short stepped impedance transformer of 1/16 wavelength or even number joint, also can be the more piece stepped impedance transformer, particular type be looked total Hybrid port impedance and junction point O1Impedance transformation ratio and decide.
B
1，……B
nBe each branch road of arranging of way in accordance with regulations, all adopt 1/4 wavelength line, its effect is to make each branch road obtain the power delivery ratio that sets, and realizes junction point O1Impedance matching with each road port.
If the impedance of total Hybrid port is Zo, 1～n branch road port Impedance is respectively Z1，…Z
n, be respectively K in order to make each road port power delivery ratio2 1，K
2 2……，K
2 n, branch road junction point O then1Each branch road equiva lent impedance Z at placeo1…Z
onMust satisfy following relation:
1/(Z
o1) : 1/(Z
o2) ……: 1/(Z
on) ＝K
2 1∶K
2 2……∶K
2 n
Can try to achieve thus each branch road 1/4 wavelength line B1，……B
nThe characteristic impedance be respectively:
……
If Be the impedance transformation ratio of total Hybrid port and branch road junction point, just can determine thus the type of impedance converter A to be:
When 1≤r≤2, adopt a joint 1/4 wavelength impedance converter.
When 2≤r≤10, adopt even number to save the low pass impedance filter of short stepped impedance transformer of 1/16 wavelength or same joint number.
When r 〉=10, adopt more piece Chebyshev stepped impedance transformer.
D among Fig. 1
1D
nBe connected to the phase-shifting transformer of each tributary port for the side; R
1R
nBe each branch road isolation resistance.The isolation branch road that each phase-shifting transformer and isolation resistance constituted intersects at an O
2, form a D-R isolation network, its effect is: when microwave power from total Hybrid port O
1When each tributary port transmission, the D-R network is at each tributary port establishes line state by cable, thereby the through-put power and the matching status of each tributary port all do not exerted an influence; When microwave power during from the transmission of the total Hybrid port of each road direction, the D-R network absorbs its through-put power to all the other ports, thereby make and be in the isolation that does not exert an influence mutually between each branch road, give total Hybrid port with a microwave power one-way transmission that guarantees the input of each branch road, also the impedance matching of each tributary port and total Hybrid port is not produced any influence simultaneously.
The normalized incident-wave voltage vector that is located at Hybrid port total on the design center frequency and each tributary port is a
0, a
1A
n, the reflected wave voltage vector is b
0, b
1B
n, following relation is then arranged between the two:
K in the formula
1, K
2, K
nPass the square root of ratio for the merit of each branch road; S
Ij(i, j are 0,1,2 ... any number of n) implication is: be the reflection coefficient of power division/synthesizer 0～n port when i=j; When i ≠ j is the mutual influence coefficient of power division/synthesizer 0～n port, i.e. isolating coefficient.
If make S
Ij=0, i=j wherein, then each port of power division/synthesizer is in complete matching status.
If make S
Ij=0, i ≠ j wherein, then power division/synthesizer is in complete isolation.Just can try to achieve each branch road phase-shifting transformer D thus
1, D
2... D
nVoltage transformating ratio T
1, T
2... T
nShould satisfy the following relationship formula:
(1/T
1): (1/T
2) ...: (1/T
n)=(K
1 ): (K
2 ) ...: (K
n ), phase-shift phase is π, and then the value that can try to achieve each branch road isolation resistance is: R
n=(1/T
n)
2Z
n;
Phase-shifting transformer D
1, D
2... D
nCan save 1/4 wavelength line that impedances do not wait or equate by two forms.If i port phase-shifting transformer D
iThe 1/4 wavelength line characteristic impedance of two joints is Z
I2, Z
I3, then it must satisfy the following relationship formula:
（ (Z
12)/(Z
13) ）：（ (Z
22)/(Z
23) ）：……（ (Z
12)/(Z
13) ）……（ (Z
n2)/(Z
n3) )
=( 1/(T
1) ):( 1/(T
2) ):……（ 1/(T
1) ）……（ 1/(T
n) )
Optional T
iIn one, other T value is fixed thereupon, optional one group of ((Z
12)/(Z
13)) in Z
I2, Z
I3Value, other respectively organizes Z
I2, Z
I3Value is fixed thereupon.
C among Fig. 1
1, C
2... C
nBe micro belt shifting phase, its effect is the caused microwave signal phase-shift phase of length dimension of each isolation resistance of compensation.
If each branch road isolation resistance R
1, R
2R
nLength be respectively L
R1, L
R2, L
Rn, then by its phase-shift phase Δ θ that causes
1, Δ θ
2... Δ θ
nBe respectively:
Δθ
1＝ (2π)/(C) f
oL
R1
Δθ
2＝ (2π)/(C) f
oL
R2
……
Δθ
n＝ (2π)/(C) f
oL
Rn
F in the formula
oBe power division/synthesizer design center frequency, C is the light velocity.Just the length that can obtain each branch road micro belt shifting phase thus is:
This multichannel power division/synthesizer can adopt the circular microstrip printed circuit board (PCB) to make, and branch road junction point is positioned at the center of circle, and the resistance value of each tributary port can littlely be with accurate TEM mould optional.To most practical application, two kinds of optimal selections are arranged generally: a kind of is that each tributary port impedance and total Hybrid port impedance equate, i.e. Z
1=Z
2=... Z
n=Z
0; Another kind is each tributary port impedance Z
1, Z
2... Z
nSatisfy the following relationship formula with the power delivery ratio of each branch road:
Z
1∶Z
2∶……Z
n＝K
2 1∶K
2 2…K
2 n
Example of the present invention is just like Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3.This example has three branch roads, is photoetching formation on two circular microstrip printed circuit board (PCB)s that are close together 1,2.The middle common sides ground connection of two circuit boards wherein, each branch road 1/4 wavelength line B
1, B
2, B
3, phase shifter C
1, C
2, C
3And phase-shifting transformer D
1, D
2, D
3First segment 1/4 wavelength line D
11, D
12, D
13Be located on the circuit board 1 second joint, the 1/4 wavelength line D of phase-shifting transformer
21, D
22, D
23And isolation resistance is located on another circuit board 2.With the welded wire of passing insulated hole 3 together, can on circuit board, arrange more branch road like this between two joints, 1/4 wavelength line of each phase-shifting transformer.The comparable circuit board of circuit board 21 is little, makes the bottom surface of bigger circuit board 1 expose a part, so that install and ground connection.
According to above-mentioned design condition, look into the microwave engineering handbook and calculate by aforementioned computing formula of the present invention:
Branch road junction point O
1And the employing of the impedance transformer A between total Hybrid port O four joints 1/16 wavelength line, the width of every joint is respectively 4,15,2,7 millimeters; Length is respectively 11.9,17.3,12.2,11.6 millimeters.
Each branch road 1/4 wavelength line B
1, B
2, B
3Width be respectively 1.1,1.9,1.5 millimeters; Length is respectively 50.4,49.3,50 millimeters.
Each phase shifter C
1, C
2, C
3Length be equal to 2.5 millimeters.
Each phase-shifting transformer D
1, D
2, D
3First segment 1/4 wavelength line D
11, D
12, D
13Be the right angle U-shaped, its width is respectively 1.8,2.4,2.6 millimeters; Length is respectively 49.7,49.3,48.9 millimeters.Second joint, 1/4 wavelength line D
21, D
22, D
23Be linear, its width is respectively 1.4,4.3,2.7 millimeters; Length is respectively 50,48,49 millimeters
Isolation resistance R
1=62 Ω, R
2=50 Ω, R
3=35 Ω select 1/2W for use, and length is little strip resistance of 11 millimeters.
Measured result: in-band insertion loss is less than 0.4dB frequently at 0.8～1.1GHz, and the branch road isolation is greater than 22.5dB.Insertion loss on centre frequency is less than 0.25dB, and the branch road isolation is respectively 31dB, 33dB, 31.6dB.
Example two as shown in Figure 4.This example is three road non-uniform power distributing and synthesing devices of making on a two-sided copper clad plate with example one identical material.Branch road junction point O
1With the junction point O that isolates branch road
2All be positioned at the center of circle, therebetween with mica sheet 4 insulation.Design center frequency f
o=1.1GH
z, the tributary port impedance Z
1=100 Ω, Z2=50 Ω, Z3=10 Ω, power delivery is than being K
2 1=1/16, K
2 2=10/16, K
2 3=5/16.Impedance transformer A still adopts four joints, 1/16 wavelength line; Phase-shifting transformer D
1, D
2, D
3Still adopt two joints, 1/4 wavelength line; Its version is identical with example one.Measured result: at 0.95～1.2GH
zFrequently in-band insertion loss is less than 0.35dB, and the branch road isolation is greater than 21dB.Insertion loss on centre frequency is less than 0.35dB, and the branch road isolation is respectively 31dB, 32dB, 35dB.
From as can be seen above, power division of the present invention and branch road are isolated and only are decided by the characteristic impedance value of each branch road 1/4 wavelength line, the voltage change ratio value of phase-shifting transformer and the size of isolation resistance, and the impedance of each port can be the arbitrary value of realizing with the accurate TEM mould of setting.Therefore realizing that its coupling factor of branch is greater than-20dB during with interior any number, can realize on centre frequency that not only predetermined power is distributed and branch road is isolated, and can be in certain frequency band engineering demands, simultaneously again can be easily be connected with other circuit or device in the equipment.
The present invention not only isolation is higher, and distribution ratio is bigger, and volume little, be easy to make; Owing to can adopt little strip resistance to make isolation resistance, so manufacturing cost is lower.Theoretically, the present invention can realize the unequal power distribution of any way or synthesize.When actual fabrication,, on a micro belt board, can make 10 the tunnel usually with interior non-uniform power distributing and synthesing device owing to be subjected to the restriction in space.But because designing and calculating of the present invention and uncomplicated, it is also easy to make, so can be easily realize that by multistage combination the unequal power of any way distributes or synthesizes.
The present invention is mainly used in the phased array radar system, also can substitute traditional complex structure, volume is big, cost is high directional coupler at aspects such as other communication, observing and controlling, navigation.
Claims (4)
1, microstrip multi-way non-uniform power distributing and synthesing device, comprise 1/4 wavelength line (Bn) and each branch road isolation resistance Rn that impedance transformer (A) between an insertion branch road junction point and total Hybrid port, the multichannel impedance of being extended by branch road junction point do not wait, it is characterized in that
1.1, the micro belt shifting phase (Cn) of between 1/4 wavelength line (Bn) of aforementioned each branch road and tributary port, pegging graft, its length
, n-represents the natural number of each branch road code name in the formula; Δ θ
n-by the caused phase-shift phase of length of branch road isolation resistance Rn; ε
AnThe effective dielectric constant of-tributary port microstrip line;
1.2, each tributary port is all other connects an isolation branch road that is in series by phase-shifting transformer (Dn) and branch road isolation resistance Rn, each is isolated branch road and intersects at and a bit form an isolation network;
1.2.1, the voltage transformating ratio T of each phase-shifting transformer (Dn)
1, T
2... T
nShould satisfy the following relationship formula: (1/T
1): (1/T
2) ...: (1/T
n)=(K
1 ): (K
2 ) ...: (K
n ), phase-shift phase is π, and n-represents the natural number of each branch road code name, K in the formula
nThe square root of the power delivery ratio of-each tributary port, Z
nThe impedance of-tributary port;
1.2.2, each branch road isolation resistance R
n=(1/T
n)
2Z
n
1.3,1/4 wavelength line (B of aforementioned each branch road
n) impedance
N-represents the natural number of each branch road code name in the formula; The square root of the power delivery ratio of each tributary port of Kn-; Z
OiThe equiva lent impedance of each branch road of-branch road junction point place, its value is pressed relational expression: 1/ (Z
O1): 1/ (Z
O2) ...: 1/ (Z
On)=K
2 1: K
2 2: K
2 nDetermine Z
nThe impedance of-tributary port.
2, non-uniform power distributing and synthesing device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that said phase-shifting transformer (D
n) form by two 1/4 wavelength lines that do not wait of joint impedances.
3, non-uniform power distributing and synthesing device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that phase-shifting transformer (D
n) first segment 1/4 wavelength line be the right angle U-shaped, second the joint 1/4 wavelength line be linear.
4, non-uniform power distributing and synthesing device as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that this little band non-uniform power distributing and synthesing device is to be shaped on two circular microstrip printed circuit board (PCB)s that are close together 1,2, the middle common sides ground connection of two circuit boards wherein, branch road junction point O
1Be positioned at the center of circle, each branch road 1/4 wavelength line (B
1, B
2, B
3), phase shifter (C
1, C
2, C
3) and phase-shifting transformer (D
1, D
2, D
3) first segment 1/4 wavelength line (D
11, D
12, D
13) be located on the circuit board 1 second joint, the 1/4 wavelength line (D of phase-shifting transformer
21, D
22, D
23) and isolation resistance be located on another circuit board 2.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92102387 CN1022963C (en) | 1992-04-16 | 1992-04-16 | Microstrip multi-way non-uniform power distributing and synthesing device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92102387 CN1022963C (en) | 1992-04-16 | 1992-04-16 | Microstrip multi-way non-uniform power distributing and synthesing device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1065761A true CN1065761A (en) | 1992-10-28 |
| CN1022963C CN1022963C (en) | 1993-12-01 |
Family
ID=4939614
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92102387 Expired - Lifetime CN1022963C (en) | 1992-04-16 | 1992-04-16 | Microstrip multi-way non-uniform power distributing and synthesing device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1022963C (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102231451A (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2011-11-02 | 江苏捷士通科技股份有限公司 | Integrated phase shifter including power distribution network |
| CN103050755A (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2013-04-17 | 联发科技（新加坡）私人有限公司 | M-way coupler |
| CN104953216A (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2015-09-30 | 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 | Power processing circuit and multipath amplification circuit |
| CN110597348A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-12-20 | 成都沃特塞恩电子技术有限公司 | Power synthesis method and system |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1056820C (en) * | 1995-06-14 | 2000-09-27 | 武汉地质管理干部学院 | Method for preparing F for anti-corrosion in mfg. process of supermicro barite powder |
| CN202818232U (en) | 2012-09-18 | 2013-03-20 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Doherty power amplifying circuit |
-
1992
- 1992-04-16 CN CN 92102387 patent/CN1022963C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102231451A (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2011-11-02 | 江苏捷士通科技股份有限公司 | Integrated phase shifter including power distribution network |
| CN103050755A (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2013-04-17 | 联发科技（新加坡）私人有限公司 | M-way coupler |
| US8941448B2 (en) | 2011-10-13 | 2015-01-27 | Mediatek Singapore Pte. Ltd. | M-way coupler |
| CN103050755B (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2015-03-25 | 联发科技（新加坡）私人有限公司 | M-way coupler |
| CN104953216A (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2015-09-30 | 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 | Power processing circuit and multipath amplification circuit |
| CN104953216B (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2018-04-10 | 南宁富桂精密工业有限公司 | Power processing circuit and multichannel amplifying circuit |
| CN110597348A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-12-20 | 成都沃特塞恩电子技术有限公司 | Power synthesis method and system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1022963C (en) | 1993-12-01 |
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