CN106567695A - Oil well gas prevention system - Google Patents
Oil well gas prevention system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106567695A CN106567695A CN201610943690.3A CN201610943690A CN106567695A CN 106567695 A CN106567695 A CN 106567695A CN 201610943690 A CN201610943690 A CN 201610943690A CN 106567695 A CN106567695 A CN 106567695A
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- Prior art keywords
- gas
- oil well
- tube
- oil
- pump
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 24
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010030113 Oedema Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011982 device technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001459 mortal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/14—Obtaining from a multiple-zone well
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
- E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
- E21B43/124—Adaptation of jet-pump systems
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/32—Preventing gas- or water-coning phenomena, i.e. the formation of a conical column of gas or water around wells
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an oil well gas prevention system and a using method. The oil well gas prevention system comprises an oil well casing and a gas prevention pump. The lower end of the gas prevention pump 1 is sequentially connected with an upper filter screen pipe and an upper screwed plug. A release sub located below the gas prevention pump 1 is arranged in the oil well casing. The release sub is located in the oil well casing through an upper packer arranged on the periphery of the release sub. The lower end of the release sub is connected with a gas prevention lifting pump. The gas prevention lifting pump is located and installed in the oil well casing through a lower packer. The lower end of the gas prevention lifting pump is connected with a lower filter screen pipe. A lower oil layer liquid inlet is formed below the gas prevention lifting pump. An upper oil layer liquid inlet is formed in one side of the gas prevention lifting pump. The oil well gas prevention system has the following advantages that the production pressure difference of the low-pressure oil layer is increased, the liquid production amoung of the low-pressure layer is increased, interlayer interference is avoided, the function of changing the motion direction of liquid and the acceleration function are achieved, the liquid carrying capacity of gas is improved, and the liquid production capacity of the low-pressure layer is improved; and secondary filter of well liquid is achieved, and a spray nozzle is effectively prevented from being blocked.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of field mining equipment, specifically a kind of oil well gas-tight system and using method.
Background technology
At present, CO to be carried out in oilfield exploitation work2Drive、N2Gas drive oil test, and as oil reservoir is buried in process of the test
Relatively master and gas channeling phenomenon often occurs, in practice, in order to prevent has channeling problem, people from having attempted many means, for example with
Hollow gas prevention pump, Multi-function sand prevention the gs-oil separator even means such as gas-tight technique, hollow gas prevention pump and Multifunctional oil edema caused by disorder of QI
Gas-oil ratio be can be only applied to less than 300m from device technology3The well of/t, although these means are served to a certain extent prevents has channeling
Problem, after manufacture the phase, when gas-oil ratio increases to certain value, current gas-tight technique cannot meet the needs of production, in addition,
For the oil reservoir of multilamellar exploitation, its overall construction design is still unreasonable, it is impossible to avoid causing because of permeability grade
High pressure zone and low pressure layer interlayer interference, interlayer contradiction aggravation, its fluid-carrying capability is still very poor, it is difficult to cannot meet production
Need.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide one kind and can meet one layer for high pressure oil reservoir, and another layer is feed flow
The regulating multi-zone production rate of not enough low pressure reservoir, and and the energy of mine gas can be made full use of by underground vortex instrument, make underground liquid
Body accelerates, and improves the oil well gas-tight system and using method of the fluid-carrying capability of gas.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the oil well gas-tight system of the present invention, including oil well set and be placed in oil well set
Interior gas prevention pump, the lower end of gas prevention pump 1 are connected with filter sieve tube and upper plug in turn, are additionally provided with positioned at upper anti-in oil well set
Back-off sub below air pump 1, back-off sub are positioned in oil well set by the upper packer that its periphery is arranged, back-off sub
Lower end connects a gas-tight lifting pump, and gas-tight lifting pump covers interior in oil well by 7 location and installation of lower packet, anti-air lift
The lower end of pump is sequentially connected lower filter sieve tube, and the lower section of gas-tight lifting pump has lower oil reservoir inlet, the side of gas-tight lifting pump
With upper oil reservoir inlet.
The oil pipe connected on the gas prevention pump is positioned in oil well set by anchor.
The gas-tight lifting pump includes top connection, lower contact and the outer tube being connected between top connection and lower contact, on
Joint is connected with back-off sub, and the lower contact is connected with outer pipe nipple, and a central canal, the center are provided with the outer tube
Vortex tube is provided with pipe, the lower contact has one number service road and all the way No. two paths all the way, the entrance on the one number service road
The lower oil reservoir inlet arranged with lower contact bottom is held to communicate, the port of export on the one number service road is provided with lower valve seat, descends to the mortal world
It is mounted with lower valve ball at the top of your seat, the upper oil reservoir inlet phase arranged on the arrival end of No. two paths and outer tube side wall
It is logical, injection equipment, the lower end exported just to vortex tube of the injection equipment, the vortex tube and spray are installed at its port of export
The region penetrated between mechanism forms low-pressure area, and the exit of the lower valve seat is communicated with low-pressure area, and position is provided with central canal
In the liquid flow hole of low-pressure area.
Filter tube is provided with the one number service road, in No. two paths, lower filter tube is mounted with.
The injection equipment includes the nozzle carrier and the nozzle being placed in nozzle carrier of No. two lane exit end placements, institute
The bottom for stating nozzle carrier is provided with upper pressing cap.
The vortex tube is divided into three sections, and three sections of vortex tubes are the upper vortex tube 22 positioned at central canal top, positioned at central canal
The middle vortex tube and the lower vortex tube positioned at central canal bottom at middle part.
Bypass channel is formed between the outer tube and central canal, (upper port is just to bypass channel for the lower valve seat
Bottom, the top of the bypass channel are provided with valve seat, and the top of the upper valve seat 25 is mounted with valve ball 26.
The central canal is extended in top connection from the bottom of outer tube.
A kind of using method of above-mentioned oil well gas-tight system, comprises the following steps：Upper high pressure zone liquid Jing oil wells cover side wall
Opening, upper oil reservoir inlet, upper filter tube from outer tube, upper pressing cap endoporus, Jing nozzles spray, now in the end region of nozzle
Domain produces low-pressure area；The liquid outlet stream of filter tube, the lower valve seat on one number service road and lower valve ball under the liquid Jing of lower low pressure floor
Go out, the liquid of lower low pressure layer is sucked into the low-pressure area of nozzle end through the liquid flow hole of central canal, and two-layer liquid is mixed in low-pressure area
After conjunction, into lower vortex tube, middle vortex tube, upper vortex tube, flowed out by the interior centre bore of upper vortex tube, then connect through giving up
Export after head, upper filter sieve tube, upper gas prevention pump 1.
The invention has the advantages that：
1st, in oil well, using high pressure producing gas layer, the energy of itself realizes gas-tight lifting pump gas-tight first, controls the product of high pressure zone
Tolerance, increased the producing pressure differential of low pressure reservoir, improve the Liquid output of low pressure layer, it is to avoid interlayer interference.
2nd, vortex lifting mechanism is entered after the gas-liquid mixture fluid of high pressure zone and low pressure layer is sufficiently mixed, fluid is lifted along vortex
Liter mechanism is for the helical movement, realizes the direction of motion for changing fluid and the function of accelerating, improves the fluid-carrying capability of gas.
4th, the gas-tight technique of gas-tight lifting pump had both avoided interlayer contradiction, realizes high pressure zone, dividing for low pressure layer and adopts, and sharp
With interlayer pressure difference, the liquid-producing capacity of low pressure layer is improve.
5th, interior filter sieve tube, outer filter sieve tube protection mechanism have been separately designed, well has been realized with produces in mechanism upper and lower
The secondary filter of liquid, is effectively prevented the blocking of nozzle.
6th, gas production of the gas-tight lifting pump by Jet control high pressure producing gas layer, while negative pressure is produced in nozzle end,
Increase the producing pressure differential of low pressure layer.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of invention oil well gas-tight system；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of gas-tight lifting pump in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, the oil well gas-tight system and using method of the present invention are made further in detail
Describe in detail bright.
As illustrated, the oil well gas-tight system of the present invention, it is high pressure producing gas layer to be applied to upper strata, and lower floor is that low pressure produces layer
Occasion, it include oil well set and be placed in oil well set in gas prevention pump 1, the oil pipe connected on gas prevention pump 1 pass through anchor 9
It is positioned in oil well set, the lower end of gas prevention pump 1 is connected with filter sieve tube 2 and upper plug 3 in turn, is additionally provided with position in oil well set
Back-off sub 4 below upper gas prevention pump 1, back-off sub 4 are positioned in oil well set by the upper packer 5 that its periphery is arranged,
The lower end of back-off sub 4 connects a gas-tight lifting pump 6, and gas-tight lifting pump 6 is by 7 location and installation of lower packet in oil well
In set, the lower end of gas-tight lifting pump 6 is sequentially connected lower filter sieve tube 8, and the lower section of gas-tight lifting pump 6 has lower oil reservoir inlet,
The side of the gas-tight lifting pump 6 has upper oil reservoir inlet.
Further, described gas-tight lifting pump 6 include top connection 10, lower contact 11 and be connected to top connection and under connect
Outer tube 12 between head, top connection 10 are connected with back-off sub 4, and lower contact 11 is connected with outer pipe nipple 13, is provided with outer tube 12
It is provided with vortex tube in a piece central canal 14, central canal 14, lower contact 11 has an one number service road and all the way No. two paths all the way, one
The arrival end of number path is communicated with the lower oil reservoir inlet that lower contact bottom is arranged, and the port of export on one number service road is provided with lower valve
Seat 15, the top of lower valve seat 15 are mounted with lower valve ball 16, and what is arranged on the arrival end of No. two paths and 12 side wall of outer tube is upper
Oil reservoir inlet 12-1 is communicated, and injection equipment is provided with the port of export of injection equipment, and the outlet of injection equipment is just to vortex tube
Lower end, region between vortex tube and injection equipment forms low-pressure area, and the exit of lower valve seat 15 is communicated with low-pressure area, in
The liquid flow hole 14-1 positioned at low-pressure area is provided with heart pipe 14, wherein, described vortex tube is divided into three sections, and three sections of vortex tubes are position
In the upper vortex tube 22 on central canal top, the middle vortex tube 23 and the lower vortex positioned at central canal bottom in the middle part of central canal
Pipe 24；Filter tube 18 is provided with described one number service road, lower filter tube 19, described spraying machine in No. two paths, is mounted with
Structure includes the nozzle carrier 20 and the nozzle 17 being placed in nozzle carrier 20 of No. two lane exit end placements, the bottom of nozzle carrier 20
Upper pressing cap 21 is installed.
Further, bypass channel is formed between outer tube 12 and central canal 14, the upper port of lower valve seat 15 is just to bypass
The bottom of passage, the top of bypass channel are provided with valve seat 25, and the top of upper valve seat 25 is mounted with valve ball 26, in
Heart pipe is extended in top connection 10 from the bottom of outer tube 12.
The mounting structure of its gas-tight lifting pump 6 is as follows, and outer tube 12 is connected by screw thread with lower contact, and upper pressing cap 21 passes through silk
Button be connected with nozzle carrier 20, the upper end of upper pressing cap 21 holds out against top nozzle 17, prevents nozzle from moving, and the lower end of central canal 14 and
Nozzle carrier connects, and during connection, central canal 14 is connected with nozzle carrier 20 by screw thread, then the upper vortex tube of loading into central canal 14
22nd, middle vortex tube 23, lower vortex tube 24, and vortex tube is fixed with central canal 14 with pin 14-2, one number service road and all the way two
Number path forms a left avertence hole and a right avertence hole, above-mentioned each part is put into and is pre-placed at the right avertence hole of lower contact 11, under
Valve seat 15 is put at the left avertence hole of lower contact 11, and lower valve ball 16 is placed on lower valve seat 15, in addition at outer tube 12 and center
Lower valve cover 27 is installed in the bottom of the bypass channel formed between pipe 14, has the protrusion pipe nipple of lower contact 11 at left avertence hole, under
Valve cover 27 is connected with screw thread with protrusion pipe nipple at the left avertence hole of lower contact 11 by screw thread, and gasket ring 28 is put into the spacing of outer tube 12
At step, outer tube 12 is connected with lower contact 11 by screw thread, and supporting mass 29 is provided between outer tube 12 and central canal 14, supporting
Body 29 is with an installing hole for being used to dispose valve seat 25 and a supported hole for being used for support central tube, upper valve seat
25 are put in the installing hole of supporting mass 29, upper steel ball（Upper valve ball）26 insert on valve seat 25, have supporting at installing hole
The protrusion pipe nipple of body 29, upper valve cover 27 are connected with the protrusion pipe nipple of supporting mass 29 with screw thread, and supporting mass 29 is put into outer tube 12
In, the supported hole of supporting mass 29 is in close contact with the upper end of central canal 14, and top connection 10 is connected with screw thread with outer tube 12, lower filtration
Pipe 19 is connected with lower contact 11 with screw thread, and outer pipe nipple 13 is connected with lower contact 11 with screw thread.
A kind of using method of oil well gas-tight system, comprises the following steps：Upper high pressure zone liquid Jing oil wells cover opening for side wall
Mouthful, upper oil reservoir inlet 12-1, upper filter tube 18 from outer tube 12,21 endoporus of upper pressing cap, Jing nozzles 17 spray, now in nozzle
17 stub area produces low-pressure area；Filter tube 19 under the liquid Jing of lower low pressure floor, the lower valve seat (15) on one number service road and under
The liquid outlet of valve ball 16 flows out, and the liquid of lower low pressure layer is sucked into 17 end of nozzle through the liquid flow hole 14-1 of central canal 14
Low-pressure area, two-layer liquid low-pressure area mixing after, into lower vortex tube 24, middle vortex tube 23, upper vortex tube 22, by upper vortex tube
22 interior centre bore flows out, and then exports after back-off sub 4, upper filter sieve tube 2, upper gas prevention pump 1, by the structure, low
The gas-liquid mixed of the liquid and high pressure production layer of pressure production layer is through the vortex tube of gas-tight lifting pump 6, upper packer 5, giving up connects
6, the gas-tight to high pressure has channeling layer gas production is completed, the gas-liquid mixture from 6 output of back-off sub is arrived through upper screen casing 8
Up to upper gas prevention pump 1, gas prevention pump 1 is eventually passed（Rod-pulling type gas prevention pump）Give rise to up to ground.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of oil well gas-tight system, it is characterised in that：The gas prevention pump (1) in oil well set, institute are covered and are placed in including oil well
The lower end for stating gas prevention pump (1) is connected with filter sieve tube (2) and upper plug (3) in turn, is additionally provided with and is located in the oil well set
Back-off sub (4) below upper gas prevention pump (1), the back-off sub (4) are positioned at by the upper packer (5) that its periphery is arranged
In oil well set, it is characterised in that：The lower end of the back-off sub (4) connects a gas-tight lifting pump (6), the gas-tight lifting pump
(6) by lower packet (7) location and installation in oil well set, the lower end of the gas-tight lifting pump (6) was sequentially connected
Screen pipe (8), the side that the lower section of the gas-tight lifting pump (6) has lower oil reservoir inlet, the gas-tight lifting pump (6) have
Upper oil reservoir inlet.
2. according to the oil well gas-tight system described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The oil pipe connected on the gas prevention pump (1) leads to
Cross anchor (9) to be positioned in oil well set.
3. according to the oil well gas-tight system described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The gas-tight lifting pump (6) is including above connecing
Head (10), lower contact (11) and the outer tube (12) being connected between top connection and lower contact, the top connection (10) with give up
Joint (4) connects, and the lower contact (11) is connected with outer pipe nipple (13), the outer tube (12) and is provided with a central canal
(14) vortex tube, is provided with the central canal (14), the lower contact (11) No. two with one number service road all the way and all the way is led to
Road, the arrival end on the one number service road are communicated with the lower oil reservoir inlet that lower contact bottom is arranged, the outlet on the one number service road
End is provided with lower valve seat (15), and lower valve ball (16), the entrance of No. two paths are mounted with the top of lower valve seat (15)
End is communicated with the upper oil reservoir inlet (12-1) arranged on the wall of outer tube (12) side, and injection equipment is provided with its port of export, described
Lower end of the outlet of injection equipment just to vortex tube, the region between the vortex tube and injection equipment forms low-pressure area, described
The exit of lower valve seat (15) is communicated with low-pressure area, and the liquid flow hole (14-1) positioned at low-pressure area is provided with central canal (14).
4. according to the oil well gas-tight system described in claim 3, it is characterised in that：Filter tube is provided with the one number service road
(18), lower filter tube (19) is mounted with No. two paths.
5. according to the oil well gas-tight system described in claim 4, it is characterised in that：The injection equipment includes No. two lane exits
The nozzle carrier (20) and the nozzle (17) being placed in nozzle carrier (20) of end placement, the bottom of the nozzle carrier (20) is provided with
Upper pressing cap (21).
6. according to the oil well gas-tight system described in claim 5, it is characterised in that：The vortex tube is divided into three sections, three sections of vortex
Pipe is the upper vortex tube (22) positioned at central canal top, middle vortex tube (23) in the middle part of central canal and is located under central canal
The lower vortex tube (24) in portion.
7. according to the oil well gas-tight system described in claim 6, it is characterised in that：Between the outer tube (12) and central canal (14)
Form bypass channel, the bottom of the upper port of the lower valve seat (15) just to bypass channel, the top peace of the bypass channel
Equipped with upper valve seat (25), at the top of the upper valve seat (25), valve ball (26) is mounted with.
8. according to the oil well gas-tight system described in claim 6, it is characterised in that：The central canal prolongs from the bottom of outer tube (12)
Extend in top connection (10).
9. a kind of using method of the oil well gas-tight system as described in one of claim 1-8, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly：Upper high pressure zone liquid Jing oil wells cover the opening of side wall, the upper oil reservoir inlet (12-1), upper filter tube from outer tube (12)
(18), upper pressing cap (21) endoporus, Jing nozzles (17) spray, and now the stub area in nozzle (17) produces low-pressure area；Lower low pressure
Under the liquid Jing of floor, the liquid outlet of filter tube (19), the lower valve seat (15) on one number service road and lower valve ball (16) flows out, lower low
Liquid flow hole (14-1) of the liquid of laminate layer through central canal (14) is sucked into the low-pressure area of nozzle (17) end, and two-layer liquid is low
After nip mixing, into lower vortex tube (24), middle vortex tube (23), upper vortex tube (22), by the interior center of upper vortex tube (22)
Hole is flowed out, and then exports after (1) through back-off sub (4), upper filter sieve tube (2), upper gas prevention pump.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610943690.3A CN106567695A (en) | 2016-11-02 | 2016-11-02 | Oil well gas prevention system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610943690.3A CN106567695A (en) | 2016-11-02 | 2016-11-02 | Oil well gas prevention system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106567695A true CN106567695A (en) | 2017-04-19 |
Family
ID=58534779
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610943690.3A Pending CN106567695A (en) | 2016-11-02 | 2016-11-02 | Oil well gas prevention system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106567695A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107448177A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-12-08 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Oil well liquid-producing section plane test tubing string and its method of testing |
| CN111520116A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-08-11 | 东营市朝阳石油科技有限公司 | Oil-gas lifting device and method for high oil-gas ratio oil field |
| CN113898319A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2022-01-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | High-gas-content well sucker-rod pump lifting effect-improving device and process pipe column |
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| CN111520116A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-08-11 | 东营市朝阳石油科技有限公司 | Oil-gas lifting device and method for high oil-gas ratio oil field |
| CN113898319A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2022-01-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | High-gas-content well sucker-rod pump lifting effect-improving device and process pipe column |
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Application publication date: 20170419 |