CN106567139B - A kind of production method of bluish dogbane degummed ramie - Google Patents
A kind of production method of bluish dogbane degummed ramie Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of production method of bluish dogbane degummed ramie, including the boiling removal step of bluish dogbane bast, steam explosion activation process step, beat cake dress cage step, directional catalyzing oxidation step, chemical Degumming step and post-processing step；After it is by steam explosion activation process, catalytic oxidation treatment is oriented to lignin and hemicellulose using ferrous salt solution and activator；And pass through the combination of the series techniques means such as steam explosion degumming process and directional catalyzing oxidation, so that the production method of the bluish dogbane degummed ramie of the present invention, the features such as indexs such as good, finish fineness, length, intensity are good with degumming effect, quality is excellent, good spinnability；Also, in process, chemical cost amount is small, environmental protection pressure is small, and technology controlling and process is simple；The utility consumptions such as water power vapour are small, efficient, are suitable for industrialized production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of processing method of flaxen fiber more particularly to a kind of production methods of bluish dogbane degummed ramie.
Background technology
Bluish dogbane also known as wild flax, wartwort fiber crops, red building, apocynum cannabinum etc., are a kind of perennial herb plants, are belonged to
Apocynaceae, is widely distributed in the northern area in China, and Tarimhe River and Kongquehe of the integrated distribution in Xinjiang are littoral, because its
It spreads out Plain growth and most contains and gain the name in Xinjiang.There are many excellent characteristic, soft and good lusters to have silk for apocynum fibre
Gloss, numb very light, the softness of cotton, the malleability of suede, and have pharmacological action is once described as by crudefiber crop expert Feng Yunhe etc. " wild
The king of fiber ", therefore it is acknowledged as ideal textile fabric.
Apocynum fibre is a kind of bast fiber, it is located in the phloem tissue on bluish dogbane plant stem, is in fibre bundle
Shape, individuals fibers individualism.Bluish dogbane single fiber is that a kind of two end seal closes among ﹑ have thick in the middle part of born of the same parents' chamber ﹑ and both ends thin thin
Born of the same parents' shape object, section are in apparent irregular kidney-shaped, and lumen is smaller, and fiber is longitudinal without torsion, and surface is there are many vertical line and has
Horizontal section exists.Fibre fineness is about 3~4dtex, and length is 20~25mm, and fiber width is 10~50 μm.
The chemical composition of bluish dogbane bast has certain difference with other bast-fibres.Bluish dogbane bast hemicellulose level
16.31%, content of lignin 12.09% is above Zhu Ma ﹑ Ya Ma ﹑ hemps, especially content of lignin and is apparently higher than other fiber crops
Class, and it is minimum in all bast-fibres that content of cellulose, which is only 45.74%,.
Since bluish dogbane bast non-cellulose components are high, up to nearly the 55% of bluish dogbane bast, especially hemicellulose and
Content of lignin is high, is more than the 28% of bluish dogbane bast.Therefore, the more other bast-fibres of apocynum degumming are more difficult, tradition
Bast-fibre Degumming method be not appropriate for the degumming process of apocynum fibre, it is necessary to select to take off in conjunction with bluish dogbane own characteristic
Gluing method and technique.
In the prior art, common apocynum fibre Degumming method is main or the chemical method of traditional bast-fibre degumming,
Bioanalysis or Physical.Wherein, for chemical method because using a large amount of chemical reagent that waste water is caused to be difficult to handle, environmental pollution is serious, takes off
Hot conditions energy consumption cost needed for glue is high, while chemical Degumming is difficult between Proper Match fibre strength, length and fineness
Relationship, degumming excessively leads to a large amount of short flannels and fibre strength is low, and then fiber residual gum content is high on the contrary, especially lignin residue amount
Height causes fiber thick and stiff, and flexible small, the limit count of obvolvent force difference, yarn is low, and wiriness, filoplume is more, and prodding and itching feeling is strong,
The excellent performance of apocynum fibre cannot be fully demonstrated, the application range of apocynum fibre is seriously limited.
For bioanalysis, many bioenzyme activities are insufficient, be generally difficult to be applied to apocynum fibre internal component it is complicated,
Compact structure part is especially difficult to removal lignin portion, therefore that there are degumming qualities is unstable, efficiency is low, consumption for bioanalysis
Duration, it is of high cost the problems such as, be largely required for chemical method to make up the deficiency of its degumming technology.
Physical Degumming method includes ultrasonication method, microwave treatment method and steam explosion etc., wherein application is the most general
It is steam explosion technology all over be.But in the steam explosion processing procedure in relation to research report, vapor (steam) temperature is high, pressure is big,
In particular, generally requiring multiple repetition exploding technology, inevitably, apocynum fibre strength damage and fiber will be caused long
Degree loss.
In short, for the high feature of lignin in bluish dogbane bast raw material and hemicellulose level, not to bluish dogbane
Raw material carry out it is pretreated in the case of, when by single chemistry, biological or physics effect degumming, processing conditions is difficult to
Control, fibre strength is difficult to rationally control with length, fineness relationship, otherwise apocynum fibre obtained by processing it is thick, it is hard, rough or
Fiber strength is low, cast tow rate is high, seriously affects bluish dogbane product quality.
In order to improve apocynum fibre performance, it is promoted to efficiently use, both at home and abroad to sieve on the basis of traditional Degumming method
Cloth flaxen fiber fine techniques have also carried out a few thing, but are the soft treatment for the softening and textile for concentrating on fiber mostly,
Fining without solving the problems, such as fiber itself, only softening fibre and reduce fibre-fibre friction power, this is obviously to bluish dogbane
Product is lightening and superior has little significance.
The production method of the bluish dogbane degummed ramie of low damage is the key that promote apocynum fibre utility value, represents
The developing direction of industry technology.
Invention content
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of production methods of bluish dogbane degummed ramie, to overcome the degumming side of the prior art
The skills such as short, thick, the hard, low strength of apocynum fibre that time-consuming for method generally existing, chemicals usage amount is big, prepared
Art problem.
Present invention technical solution used for the above purpose is a kind of production method of bluish dogbane degummed ramie,
It is characterized in that, includes the following steps：
The first step, the boiling removal step of bluish dogbane bast
Bluish dogbane bast is placed in rotary spherical digester, digester or cooker, injection cooking liquor is until bluish dogbane bast is submerged
Under boiling liquid level；Cooking liquor is heated to boiling, boiling 0.5~1 hour under fluidized state, to carry out bluish dogbane bast removal of impurities
Processing；
Then, the bluish dogbane bast by removal of impurities processing is taken out, it is spare；
The cooking liquor is the mixed aqueous solution of surfactant and metal ion chelation agent, wherein surfactant
Mass percent concentration is 0.1~2%, and the mass percent concentration of metal ion chelation agent is 0.3~0.5%；
Above-mentioned surfactant is sulfated castor oil, dodecyl sodium sulfate, lauryl sodium sulfate, detergent alkylate
Sodium sulfonate, bay alcohol sulfuric ester MA24F, sodium secondary alkyl sulfonate SAS60, pulls open point, rapid osmotic dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate
Agent T, penetrating agent JFC, paregal O, one kind in alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether TX-10 or N- ethyl pyrrolidone NEP-100 or
It is a variety of；
The metal ion chelation agent is sodium tripolyphosphate, calgon, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium metasilicate, sodium citrate, benzene
It is one or more in sodium formate, polyacrylamide, sodium salicylate or tetrasodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate；
Second step dodges quick-fried activation process step
Removal of impurities will be passed through, and treated that bluish dogbane bast is placed in steam explosion device, steam is passed through, until steam explosion
The pressure of vapor reaches 1.0~1.5MPa, and pressurize 1~5 minute at this pressure in device；
Then, rapid pressure release is dodged quick-fried, then the bluish dogbane bast activated with dispersion after clear water washes clean, is obtained；
Third walks, and beats cake dress cage step
By in the numb cage of bluish dogbane bast feeding of gained dispersion activation, cake is beaten using pancake making machine；When feeding, numb cage is with 3~5
Rev/min speed do not stop to rotate, pancake making machine machinery foot up and down motion beat reality beats bluish dogbane bast；Meanwhile sprinkle water duckbilled from
Up to lower elution of continuously spraying water into numb cage, elution water temperature is 50 DEG C~80 DEG C；
4th step, directional catalyzing oxidation step
It will be after playing cake processing, the numb cage for being loaded with bluish dogbane bast is integrally placed in glue kettle, is opened liquid feed valve, is made
Ferrous salt solution to liquid level is first injected into glue kettle with high-pressure pump did not had bluish dogbane bast；
Then, continue to keep high-pressure pump operating, so that ferrous salt solution is followed with external ferrous salt solution pressure in glue kettle
Ring, keep glue kettle in ferrous salt solution always with swiftly flowing state constant impingement bluish dogbane bast 15~30 minutes after,
Stop high-pressure pump, close liquid feed valve, open liquid valve, liquid valve will be closed after the ferrous salt solution emptying in glue kettle；
Then, liquid feed valve is opened, activator bath foam to liquid level is first injected into glue kettle using high-pressure pump did not had bluish dogbane
Bast；
Then, continue to keep high-pressure pump operating, so that activator bath foam is followed with the pressure of external activator bath foam in glue kettle
Ring keeps activator bath foam in glue kettle to stop after 1~2 hour with swiftly flowing state constant impingement bluish dogbane bast always
High-pressure pump closes liquid feed valve, opens liquid valve, will close liquid valve after the activator bath foam emptying in glue kettle；
Above-mentioned activator is H2O2, Peracetic acid or carbamide peroxide solution；
5th step, chemical Degumming step
Liquid feed valve is opened, alkaline degumming liquid is pumped into glue kettle, until liquid level did not had bluish dogbane bast, heating to boil, and
Continuously cooking 0.5~2 hour under fluidized state；
Then, degumming liquid is emptied, sulfuric acid is injected or hydrochloric acid bath foam washs bluish dogbane bast to pH value≤7；It reuses clear
Water rinsed clean repeatedly, obtains apocynum fibre semi-finished product；
6th step, post-processing step
By obtained apocynum fibre semi-finished product successively through being dehydrated, oiling, dry to get bluish dogbane degummed ramie finished product.
Preferably, above-mentioned ferrous salt solution is FeSO4Solution, FeCl2Solution or (NH4)Fe(SO4)2Solution, quality percentage
Specific concentration is 0.03%~1%.
Further preferably, the mass percent concentration 0.5%~2.5% of above-mentioned activator bath foam, pH value are 3~5, temperature
It is 30 DEG C~50 DEG C；Bath raio is 1:10.
Further preferably, above-mentioned alkaline degumming liquid is the sodium hydroxide solution that mass percent concentration is 0.1%~1%；
Either, the bath foam made as follows：
Sodium hydroxide is added in cleaning waste liquid to used boiling, so that the mass percent of sodium hydroxide therein is dense
Degree reaches 0.1%~1% bath foam；
The mass percent concentration of the sulfuric acid bath foam or hydrochloric acid bath foam is 0.1%, and bath raio is 1 ︰ 20.
Further preferably, the production method of above-mentioned bluish dogbane degummed ramie, which is characterized in that obtained apocynum fibre
The fineness of finished product is 3.2~4.5dtex, and residual gum content is 3.68%~5.22%, and fibre strength is 3.8~7.6cN/dtex, fine
The average length of dimension is more than 35mm.
The technical effect brought directely by the technical proposal is that degumming effect good (residual gum content is 3.68%~5.22%),
Obtained apocynum fibre finish fineness thin (for 3.2~4.5dtex), fibre strength index are good (for 3.8~7.6cN/
Dtex), fabric is (average length is more than 35mm) of fine quality；
The production method of the bluish dogbane degummed ramie of above-mentioned technical proposal, in entire production process, chemical cost amount is small, ring
Packing pressure mitigates, and technique controlling difficulty is greatly reduced；The utility consumptions such as water power vapour are small, production efficiency is high, production cost
It is low.
To more fully understand the technical characterstic of the present invention, shows detailed analysis and be described as follows：
In above-mentioned technical proposal, bluish dogbane bast raw material is subjected to boiling removal of impurities, sieve is can remove in boiling dedoping step
(the part hemicellulose on bluish dogbane bast at high temperature can for most of hydrotrope and part hemicellulose in cloth fiber crops bast
Hydrolysis occurs and is removed), and then reduce consumption and the dosage of subsequent chemistry reagent.
Meanwhile in boiling dedoping step, under the infiltration, wetting action of high mild surfactant, bluish dogbane can be softened
The sclerderm on bast surface layer is conducive to following process and removes.
What is more important, can under surfactant infiltration, wetting, dispersion and emulsification in boiling removal step
Original most of inorganic matter in bluish dogbane bast raw material is rapidly removed, easily absorption, complexing or chelating Fe are especially can remove2+
The impurity of ion prevents the Fe added in follow-up directional catalyzing oxidation step2+Ion " inactivation ".
In addition, under surfactant infiltration, wetting, dispersion and emulsification, bluish dogbane bast raw material can be quickly removed
In original most of oily matter, enhance the wellability of bluish dogbane bast, improve and spreaded out in follow-up directional catalyzing oxidation step
Numb bast is to Fe2+The adsorption efficiency of ion.
Meanwhile under the chelation of metal ion chelation agent, boiling removal step can effectively remove bluish dogbane bast institute
The metal cation component contained, the catalytic decomposition of activator is anti-caused by effectively avoid these metal cation components possible
It answers.That is, better ensuring that the effect of follow-up directional catalyzing oxidation.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, boiling removal of impurities treated bluish dogbane bast will be passed through and carry out steam explosion activation process,
In the process, the vapor of high-temperature high-pressure state and liquid water act on bluish dogbane raw material, are fully swollen to raw material；So
Afterwards, under the action of moment pressure release, bluish dogbane bast is made to loosen or disperse, realizes the activation process of bluish dogbane bast.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the water-washing step of quick-fried activation process step is dodged, can directly remove glue during steam explosion
Poly- macromolecular colloid, the consumption of reduction subsequent processing steps chemicals drop in the generated small molecule of matter degradation and part；More
Importantly, water-washing step can effectively remove the metal ion-chelant of brought into bluish dogbane bast in bluish dogbane bast digestion process
Agent prevents the Fe in directional catalyzing oxidation step2+Ion " inactivation ".
In above-mentioned technical proposal, beat during cake using while beat cake, while hot water spray method, to through the quick-fried activation process of sudden strain of a muscle
Bluish dogbane bast carry out beat cake, the colloid in bluish dogbane bast can be made further to soften under the action of soaking of warm water, and
It is partly removed under the action of mechanical force；Especially, it beats during cake due to mechanical external force effect and warm water processing effect, it can be effective
Removal subsequent handling is difficult to the part bluish dogbane bast surface layer sclerderm removed, and then it is strong that following process processing can be greatly reduced
The consumption of degree and chemical reagent.
It is important to note that in above-mentioned technical proposal, in directional catalyzing oxidation process, loosen after dodging quick-fried activation
Or the hemicellulose and lignin on the bluish dogbane bast surface of dispersion adsorb Fe under the action of oxygen-containing group2+。
After activator is added, it is adsorbed with Fe2+Hemicellulose and lignin take the lead in by oxidative degradation, partly by oxidative degradation
Removal is directly dissolved for small organic molecule, is partly oxidized to the substance that subsequent chemistry degumming is more easy to removal.
In directional catalyzing oxidation step, Fe is adsorbed2+Bluish dogbane bast be placed directly within containing activator without washing
Solution in, it is therefore an objective to protect Fe2+Directional catalyzing activator decomposes, and then oxidative lignin and hemicellulose, enhancing catalysis oxygen
Change effect.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in chemical Degumming step, degumming liquid is using boiling removal of impurities waste liquid by the way that hydroxide is added
The alkaline degumming liquid that sodium is prepared can reduce the usage amount of fresh water, reduce quantity of wastewater effluent.
In addition, boiling cleans, for waste liquid sheet as hot water, entire technical process can be reduced by being re-used for chemical Degumming step
Energy consumption.What is more important directly utilizes it, can avoid chemistry since boiling removal of impurities waste liquid itself contains surfactant
The addition again of surfactant in degumming step, reduces the consumption of entire technical process chemicals, increases making for chemicals
Use efficiency.
Wherein, using steam explosion activation and Fe2+Ion and hydrogen peroxide (or Peracetic acid or carbamide peroxide solution)
It impregnates and one of the key problem in technology point that catalytic oxidation treatment is the present invention is oriented to bluish dogbane bast, it is fine to final bluish dogbane
Dimension treatment effect plays very crucial effect.The reason is as follows that：
In bluish dogbane bast, apocynum fibre cellulose fiber is made in bonding for the colloids such as pectin, hemicellulose and lignin
With lower bunchy (technique) fiber, wherein single fiber length is 20~25mm, and diameter is then 10~50 μm, colloid (pectin, hemicellulose
Element, lignin etc.) it is connected with each other by hydrogen bond, covalent bond, van der Waals interaction with cellulose, these gum dispersions are in the fibre
Between or be enclosed in outside fiber, form fine and close Network Three-dimensional space structure so that cellulosic sections are not easy to disperse.Traditional is de-
Gluing method is all the effect by chemical reagent or biological enzyme, from outside to inside successively strips down the colloid in bundle fiber, is caused
Keep degumming degree inside and outside raw material inconsistent, outer layer degumming degree is better than internal layer, leads to end article quality decline, while this process
Reaction condition is not easy to control, if degumming effect is violent, fiber can be caused to shorten, lose weaving use value；If degumming effect
It is bad, residual gum content is higher, and fiber will be caused thick, hard, rough, be equally unfavorable for subsequent textile process process and use.
Therefore, the degumming mode for successively removing colloid from outside to inside to change, with condition Proper Match sieve of milder
Relationship between cloth fiber crops process of fiber intensity, fineness, length needs the orientation removal that part non-cellulosic material is carried out to raw material.
And the steam explosion activation process of above-mentioned technical proposal, because steam explosion processing intensity is low, so, it can not destroy
In the case of apocynum fibre bulk composition cellulosic degree of polymerization, destroy in raw material in the component molecules such as lignin, hemicellulose
And the hydrogen bond between intermolecular and lignin, hemicellulose and cellulosic molecule, reduction colloid and colloid and colloid and fiber
The binding force of element, while increasing the swollen degree of raw material, partial removal hemicellulose and lignin, it is conducive to subsequent chemistry reagent
It permeates and further has an effect.
Meanwhile in the steam explosion activation process of above-mentioned technical proposal, high temperature, the vapor of high pressure conditions and liquid
Water acts on bluish dogbane raw material, and abundant swollen is carried out to raw material, in subsequent moment pressure leak process, act in class mechanical disintegration,
Under hydrogen bond destruction and the synergy of structural rearrangement, between hemicellulose and hemicellulose, hemicellulose and lignin
Between, the connection fracture between hemicellulose and cellulose, between lignin and cellulose or weaken, raw material loosened or point
It dissipates, so that bluish dogbane bast raw material specific surface area is increased, follow-up Fe can be enhanced2+The absorption of ion.Meanwhile in steam explosion process
In, under the action of class acidic hydrolysis and thermal degradation, part hemicellulose degradation can be made to remove, it is strong to reduce following process processing
Degree and chemical levels.
What is more important, in steam explosion activation process, due to class mechanical disintegration effect, hydrogen bond destruction and
The synergy of structural rearrangement, cause between hemicellulose and hemicellulose, between hemicellulose and lignin, hemicellulose with
Connection fracture between cellulose, between lignin and cellulose or decrease, make bluish dogbane raw material be loosened or be disperseed, make original
Material specific surface area is increased simultaneously as the colloids such as hemicellulose and lignin are wrapped in fibrous outer, therefore are in stock chart
The hemicellulose and content of lignin in face increase, and so that more groups containing O is exposed to raw material surface, contain in hemicellulose and lignin
Under the action of O electron-donating groups, more Fe can be effectively adsorbed2+Ion enhances bluish dogbane bast raw material Fe2+Ionic adsorption
Activity is conducive to Fe in follow-up orientation activation process2+The absorption of ion, and then be conducive to the progress of follow-up directional catalyzing oxidation.
In addition, in dodging quick-fried activation process, the vapor and liquid water of high-temperature high-pressure state can be well to being not easy to remove
Bluish dogbane bast crust carry out effective swollen, in subsequent moment pressure leak process under the effect of class mechanical disintegration, by itself and sieve
The tough endo-endothelial layer of cloth fiber crops is detached and is removed, and is reduced the difficulty and intensity of follow-up directional catalyzing oxidation and soda boiling processing, is reduced follow-upization
Learn the usage amount of reagent.
Meanwhile in dodging quick-fried activation process, in the joint of the effect of class mechanical disintegration, hydrogen bond destruction and structural rearrangement
Under effect, bluish dogbane bast raw material has obtained effectively loosening or disperseing, de- with the chemical Degumming method and biology of the prior art
Gluing method is compared, and can be saved and be copied numb step after soda boiling degumming, reduce energy consumption and water consume.
In directional catalyzing oxidation process, through dodging the bluish dogbane raw material of quick-fried activation process, due to hemicellulose and lignin
Surface oxygen-containing groups increase, in FeSO4、FeCl2Or (NH4)Fe(SO4)2Under the immersion of solution, bluish dogbane raw material surface is a large amount of
Adsorb Fe2+, then in hydrogen peroxide or Peracetic acid or carbamide peroxide solution treatment, hemicellulose and lignin absorption
Fe2+In the H that hemicellulose and lignin surface catalysis directly add2O2Or Peracetic acid or the hydrolysis of carbamide peroxide solution generate
H2O2It decomposes, in acid condition, Fe2+It is catalyzed H2O2It decomposes and generates the extremely strong HO of oxidability, due to the energy of oxidation of generation
The extremely strong HO of power is predominantly located at hemicellulose and lignin surface, therefore can be degraded to part hemicellulose can be water-soluble
Small organic molecule and be dissolved in the water；It, can will be complicated and be difficult to remove simultaneously because HO oxidabilities are extremely strong
Lignin side chain C-C keys are broken or occur ring-opening reaction, generate the structure that subsequent chemistry degumming is more easy to removal, are easy to follow-up degumming
Removal.HO oxidation radius very littles simultaneously, and since cellulose is wrapped in hemicellulose and lignin, HO's
Oxidation is difficult to that cellulose oxidation is made to degrade.
During chemical Degumming, high temperature alkaline solution can hydrolyze the remaining most non-cellulosic material of removal, especially may be used
Make the lignin that oxidized rear side chain C-C keys were broken or occurred ring-opening reaction that hydrolysis occur and remove so that fiber is into one
Step dispersion, while cellulose disappears brilliant effect under lye, reduction crystallinity improves the hydrophily of fiber, softening fibre.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, why the bluish dogbane bast raw material by directional catalyzing oxidation is existed without washing
After emptying reaction solution, it is pumped directly into lye and carries out degumming process, it is therefore intended that, when, wherein remaining, undecomposed activator can
To increase the degumming effect and bleaching effect in soda boiling scouring processes, second is that, remaining Fe2+It is de- coagulation can be carried out to degumming liquid
Color mitigates subsequent wastewater treatment difficulty.
Certainly, correspondingly, compared with the processing of the pre-sour of the prior art, pre- alkali process, pre- urine oxygen processing chemical Degumming method,
Before chemical Degumming, a water-washing step is omitted, reduces water consume.
In addition, compared with existing biology, chemical Degumming technology, this technology is due to remaining Fe2+Ion is in chemical Degumming mistake
There is coagulation decoloration effect in journey, the coloring matter in effluent part can be taken off.Therefore, to generated during subsequent production
Waste water decoloring intractability accordingly reduces.
Meanwhile with the chemical Degumming method of prior art ratio, above-mentioned technical proposal needs not move through the length of a large amount of chemical reagent
Time boiling, by Fe under steam explosion and acid condition2+The selective paraffin oxidation degradation for the HO that ionic catalysis activator generates is made
There are the significant advantages such as efficient, pollution is small with apocynum fibre degumming is carried out.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, pickling prevents alkali to cellulose into one then in order to neutralize the alkaline reagent of chemical Degumming
Step degradation；The surface state for oiling to improve fiber, increases the laxity and softness of fiber, convenient for follow-up spinning.
In short, just because of the combination of above-mentioned series technique means so that in apocynum fibre crude product alkaline boiling,
Compared with the prior art boiling handle, the time required to chemical levels, boiling in terms of be greatly decreased or save, this is for having
Effect mitigates damage of the alkaline scouring process to fibrous physics index, reduces wastewater treatment difficulty, alleviates environmental protection pressure, improves production effect
Rate reduces production cost and all has apparent positive effect.
Supplementary explanation：In above-mentioned technical proposal, by alkaline scouring treated apocynum fibre, remaining colloid in fiber
And pigment, it is further removed, to reach ideal flax fiber separation index and whiteness index.
In conclusion the present invention compared with the existing technology, has the advantages that：
1, degumming effect is good (residual gum content is 3.68%~5.22%), and the bluish dogbane degummed ramie finish fineness obtained is thin
(for 3.2~4.5dtex), fibre strength index good (for 3.8~7.6cN/dtex), (average length is big for average fiber length length
In 35mm), good spinnability；
2, chemical cost amount is small, environmental protection pressure mitigates, and technique controlling difficulty is greatly reduced；
3, the utility consumptions such as water, electricity, vapour are small, production efficiency is high, production cost is greatly reduced.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
The bluish dogbane bast places of origin of raw materials：Xinjiang
Processing method is as follows：
Bluish dogbane bast is placed in rotary spherical digester or digester or cooker, is immersed in cooking liquor, fluidized state is heated to,
Boiling 0.5 hour carries out bluish dogbane bast removal of impurities.
Bluish dogbane raw material after boiling is cleaned is directly placed into steam explosion device, and heating makes in steam explosion device
Water vapour pressure is 1.0MPa, keeps this pressure 1 minute；Then valve, rapid pressure release are opened；
The apocynum fibre sprayed from steam explosion equipment is collected, then carries out buying cake, it is tough that bluish dogbane obtained by cake will be beaten
Skin and numb cage are placed in glue kettle together, are pumped into the FeSO that mass percent concentration is 0.05%4Solution, until it is tough not cross bluish dogbane
Skin makes FeSO using high-pressure pump at room temperature4Solution inner-outer circulation 15 minutes empties FeSO4After solution, it is pumped into mass percent
After emptying hydrogen peroxide solution, it is dense to be pumped into mass percent in 30 DEG C of circular treatments 1 hour for a concentration of 0.5% hydrogen peroxide solution
Degree is 0.1% sodium hydroxide solution, boils and boils 1 hour.
Then, pickling is carried out at room temperature to the fiber after boiling, pickle is the sulphur that mass percent concentration is 0.1%
(acid cleaning process selects bath raio for 1 for acid or solution:20), pickling time is 5 minutes.
It is neutrality by fiber washing to pH value, finally, successively to get fine bluish dogbane fibre after being dehydrated, oiling, dry
Dimension.
Above-mentioned cooking liquor is the mixed aqueous solution of surfactant and metal ion chelation agent, wherein surfactant
Mass percent concentration is 0.1~2%, and the mass percent concentration of metal ion chelation agent is 0.3~0.5%；
Above-mentioned surfactant is sulfated castor oil；
Above-mentioned metal ion chelation agent is sodium tripolyphosphate.
Examination and test of products testing result：
Obtained bluish dogbane degummed ramie residual gum content is 5.22%, and average fiber length is more than 35mm, and fibre strength is
7.6cN/dtex, fibre fineness 4.5dtex.
Embodiment 2
The bluish dogbane bast places of origin of raw materials：Xinjiang
Processing method is as follows：
Bluish dogbane bast is placed in rotary spherical digester or digester or cooker, is immersed in cooking liquor, fluidized state is heated to,
Boiling 0.5 hour carries out bluish dogbane bast removal of impurities.
Bluish dogbane raw material after boiling is cleaned is directly placed into steam explosion device, and heating makes in steam explosion device
Water vapour pressure is 1.5MPa, keeps this pressure 5 minutes；Then valve, rapid pressure release are opened；
The apocynum fibre sprayed from steam explosion equipment is collected, then carries out buying cake, it is tough that bluish dogbane obtained by cake will be beaten
Skin and numb cage are placed in glue kettle together, are pumped into the FeCl that mass percent concentration is 0.1%2Solution, until it is tough not cross bluish dogbane
Skin makes FeCl using high-pressure pump at room temperature2Solution inner-outer circulation 30 minutes empties FeCl2After solution, it is pumped into mass percent
A concentration of 2.5% peracetic acid soln after emptying peracetic acid soln, was pumped into quality percentage in 50 DEG C of circular treatments 1 hour
The sodium hydroxide solution that specific concentration is 0.1%, boiling are boiled 0.5 hour.
Then, pickling is carried out at room temperature to the fiber after boiling, pickle is the salt that mass percent concentration is 0.1%
(acid cleaning process selects bath raio for 1 to acid solution:20), pickling time is 5 minutes.
It is neutrality by fiber washing to pH value, finally, successively to get fine bluish dogbane fibre after being dehydrated, oiling, dry
Dimension.
Above-mentioned cooking liquor is the mixed aqueous solution of surfactant and metal ion chelation agent, wherein surfactant
Mass percent concentration is 0.1~2%, and the mass percent concentration of metal ion chelation agent is 0.3~0.5%；
Above-mentioned surfactant is dodecyl sodium sulfate；
Above-mentioned metal ion chelation agent is calgon.
Examination and test of products testing result：
Obtained bluish dogbane degummed ramie residual gum content is 3.68%, and average fiber length is more than 35mm, and fibre strength is
3.8cN/dtex, fibre fineness 3.2dtex.
Embodiment 3
The bluish dogbane bast places of origin of raw materials：Xinjiang
Processing method：Except FeSO4Solution quality percent concentration is 1%, the time of alkaline degumming liquid continuously cooking is 2 small
When, substitute hydrogen peroxide using carbamide peroxide solution, the mass percent concentration of carbamide peroxide Solutions Solution be 1.5% it
Outside；
Remaining, with embodiment 1.
Examination and test of products testing result：
Obtained bluish dogbane degummed ramie residual gum content is 4.62%, and average fiber length is more than 35mm, and fibre strength is
6.1cN/dtex, fibre fineness 3.9dtex.
It should be pointed out that above-mentioned surfactant is also possible that such as：Dodecyl sodium sulfate, dodecyl sulphate
Sodium, dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate, bay alcohol sulfuric ester MA24F, sodium secondary alkyl sulfonate SAS60, is drawn neopelex
Open powder, fast penetrant T, penetrating agent JFC, paregal O, alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether TX-10, N- ethyl pyrrolidone NEP-
100；
Either, include arbitrary two kinds of sulfated castor oil, dodecyl sodium sulfate and the above surfactant
The mixture (mixed proportion does not have particular/special requirement, can the factors such as overall cost reasonably selected) of the above ingredient.
Above-mentioned metal ion chelation agent is also possible that such as：Calgon, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium metasilicate, sodium citrate, benzene
Sodium formate, polyacrylamide, sodium salicylate, tetrasodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate；
Either, including sodium tripolyphosphate, arbitrary two kinds of calgon and the above metal ion chelation agent with
The mixture (mixed proportion does not have particular/special requirement, can the factors such as overall cost reasonably selected) of upper ingredient.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of production method of bluish dogbane degummed ramie, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
The first step, the boiling removal step of bluish dogbane bast
Bluish dogbane bast is placed in rotary spherical digester, digester or cooker, injection cooking liquor by bluish dogbane bast until be immersed in steaming
Under boil liquid face；Cooking liquor is heated to boiling, boiling 0.5~1 hour under fluidized state, to carry out bluish dogbane bast except living together
Reason；Then, the bluish dogbane bast by removal of impurities processing is taken out, it is spare；
The cooking liquor is the mixed aqueous solution of surfactant and metal ion chelation agent, wherein the quality of surfactant
Percent concentration is 0.1~2%, and the mass percent concentration of metal ion chelation agent is 0.3~0.5%；
Above-mentioned surfactant is sulfated castor oil, dodecyl sodium sulfate, lauryl sodium sulfate, dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid
Sodium, dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate, bay alcohol sulfuric ester, sodium secondary alkyl sulfonate SAS60, pull open powder, fast penetrant T, infiltration
It is one or more in agent JFC, paregal O, alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether TX-10 or N- ethyl pyrrolidone NEP-100；
The metal ion chelation agent is sodium tripolyphosphate, calgon, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium metasilicate, sodium citrate, benzoic acid
It is one or more in sodium, polyacrylamide, sodium salicylate or tetrasodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate；
Second step dodges quick-fried activation process step
Removal of impurities will be passed through, and treated that bluish dogbane bast is placed in steam explosion device, steam is passed through, until steam explosion device
The pressure of interior vapor reaches 1.0~1.5MPa, and pressurize 1~5 minute at this pressure；
Then, rapid pressure release is dodged quick-fried, then the bluish dogbane bast activated with dispersion after clear water washes clean, is obtained；
Third walks, and beats cake dress cage step
By in the numb cage of bluish dogbane bast feeding of gained dispersion activation, cake is beaten using pancake making machine；When feeding, numb cage with 3~5 turns/
The speed of minute does not stop to rotate, and the up and down motion of pancake making machine machinery foot is beaten beats bluish dogbane bast in fact；Meanwhile sprinkle water duckbilled from up to
It continuously sprays water down and elutes into numb cage, elution water temperature is 50 DEG C~80 DEG C；
4th step, directional catalyzing oxidation step
It will be after playing cake processing, the numb cage for being loaded with bluish dogbane bast is integrally placed in glue kettle, is opened liquid feed valve, is used height
Press pump first injects ferrous salt solution to liquid level into glue kettle and did not had bluish dogbane bast；
Then, continue to keep high-pressure pump operating, so that ferrous salt solution and external ferrous salt solution forced circulation in glue kettle, are protected
Hold in glue kettle ferrous salt solution always with swiftly flowing state constant impingement bluish dogbane bast 15~30 minutes after, stop high pressure
Pump closes liquid feed valve, opens liquid valve, will close liquid valve after the ferrous salt solution emptying in glue kettle；
Then, liquid feed valve is opened, activator bath foam to liquid level is first injected into glue kettle using high-pressure pump did not had bluish dogbane bast；
Then, continue to keep high-pressure pump operating, so that activator bath foam and external activator bath foam forced circulation in glue kettle, are protected
It holds activator bath foam in glue kettle and high pressure is stopped after 1~2 hour with swiftly flowing state constant impingement bluish dogbane bast always
Pump closes liquid feed valve, opens liquid valve, will close liquid valve after the activator bath foam emptying in glue kettle；
Above-mentioned activator is H2O2, Peracetic acid or carbamide peroxide solution；
5th step, chemical Degumming step
Liquid feed valve is opened, alkaline degumming liquid is pumped into glue kettle, until liquid level did not had bluish dogbane bast, heating to boil, and is being boiled
Rise continuously cooking 0.5~2 hour under state；
Then, degumming liquid is emptied, sulfuric acid is injected or hydrochloric acid bath foam washs bluish dogbane bast to pH value≤7；It is anti-to reuse clear water
Multiple rinsed clean, obtains apocynum fibre semi-finished product；
6th step, post-processing step
By obtained apocynum fibre semi-finished product successively through being dehydrated, oiling, dry to get bluish dogbane degummed ramie finished product.
2. the production method of bluish dogbane degummed ramie according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the ferrous salt solution is
FeSO4Solution or FeCl2Solution, mass percent concentration are 0.03%~1%.
3. the production method of bluish dogbane degummed ramie according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the matter of the activator bath foam
It is 0.5%~2.5% to measure percent concentration, and pH value is 3~5, and temperature is 30 DEG C~50 DEG C；Bath raio is 1:10.
4. according to the production method of any bluish dogbane degummed ramies of claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the alkalinity degumming
Liquid is the sodium hydroxide solution that mass percent concentration is 0.1%~1%；
Either, the bath foam made as follows：
Sodium hydroxide is added in cleaning waste liquid to used boiling, so that the mass percent concentration of sodium hydroxide therein reaches
To 0.1%~1% bath foam；
The mass percent concentration of the sulfuric acid bath foam or hydrochloric acid bath foam is 0.1%, and bath raio is 1 ︰ 20.
5. according to the production method of any bluish dogbane degummed ramies of claim 1-3, which is characterized in that obtained spreads out
3.2~4.5dtex of fineness of flaxen fiber finished product, residual gum content are 3.68%~5.22%, and fibre strength is 3.8~7.6cN/
The average length of dtex, fiber are more than 35mm.
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Effective date of registration: 20211223 Address after: 253000 Zone C, Hengfeng Industrial Park, west section of North Ring Road, Lingcheng District, De Zhou City, Shandong Province Patentee after: Shandong Hengfeng new yarn and fabric Innovation Center Co.,Ltd. Address before: 266071 Shandong city of Qingdao province Ningxia City Road No. 308 Patentee before: QINGDAO University |