CN106435758B - A kind of fine design method of bastose - Google Patents
A kind of fine design method of bastose Download PDFInfo
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- CN106435758B CN106435758B CN201610952040.5A CN201610952040A CN106435758B CN 106435758 B CN106435758 B CN 106435758B CN 201610952040 A CN201610952040 A CN 201610952040A CN 106435758 B CN106435758 B CN 106435758B
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- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01C—CHEMICAL OR BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FILAMENTARY OR FIBROUS MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FILAMENTS OR FIBRES FOR SPINNING; CARBONISING RAGS TO RECOVER ANIMAL FIBRES
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- D01C1/02—Treatment of vegetable material by chemical methods to obtain bast fibres
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fine design method of bastose, including the boiling removal step of kenaf bast, steam explosion activation process step, beat cake dress cage step, directional catalyzing oxidation step, chemical Degumming step and post-processing step；After it is by steam explosion activation process, catalytic oxidation treatment is oriented to lignin and hemicellulose using ferrous salt solution and activator；And the series techniques means such as steam explosion degumming process and directional catalyzing oxidation are organically combined, so that the fine design method of the bastose of the present invention, the features such as indexs such as, the bastose finish fineness, length, the intensity that are obtained good with degumming effect are good, quality is excellent, good spinnability；Also, in process, chemical cost amount is small, environmental protection pressure is small, and technology controlling and process is simple；The utility consumptions such as water power vapour are small, efficient, are suitable for industrialized production, have good market promotion prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of processing method of flaxen fiber more particularly to a kind of fine design methods of bastose.
Background technology
Bluish dogbane is a kind of important high-quality natural fiber resource, and breeding time is short, and increment is big, adaptable, in the world
Resource very abundant.
Bastose is a kind of textile fabric of green ecological, there is moisture absorption, thoroughly as the fibers such as common ramie, flax
Gas, antibacterial, mould proof, uvioresistant and the excellent properties such as antistatic, in addition to this, bastose Fabric Style is unique, thus has
There are highly important application and Development volue.But for a long time, bastose due to its single fiber it is short, thick, lignin in fiber
The reasons such as content height are only used for the low grade products such as processing gunnysack, burlap, the rope made of hemp.
In general, single fiber length is about 2~4mm in kenaf raw material, length-width ratio 98.8, and common ramie, flax are single
Fibre length is all in 10mm or more, and especially ramie single fiber length is commonly 1000 or more up to 60mm or more, fiber major diameter, together
When ramie, flax, hemp content of lignin be below 5%, and bluish dogbane content of lignin is up to 20%.
Therefore, the more other bast-fibres of kenaf degumming are more difficult, and traditional bast-fibre Degumming method is not appropriate for red
The degumming process of flaxen fiber, it is necessary to select Degumming method and technique in conjunction with bluish dogbane own characteristic.
In the prior art, common bastose Degumming method is main or chemical method, the life of traditional bast-fibre degumming
Object method or Physical.Wherein, for chemical method because using a large amount of chemical reagent that waste water is caused to be difficult to handle, environmental pollution is serious, degumming
Required hot conditions energy consumption cost is high, while chemical Degumming is difficult to the pass between Proper Match fibre strength, length and fineness
System, degumming excessively leads to a large amount of short flannels and fibre strength is low, and then fiber residual gum content is high on the contrary, and especially lignin residue amount is high,
Cause fiber thick and stiff, flexible small, the limit count of obvolvent force difference, yarn is low, and wiriness, filoplume is more, and prodding and itching feeling is strong, cannot
The excellent performance of bastose is fully demonstrated, the application range of bastose is seriously limited.
For bioanalysis, many bioenzyme activities are insufficient, are generally difficult to be applied to bastose internal component complexity, knot
Structure tight section is especially difficult to removal lignin portion, therefore that there are degumming qualities is unstable, efficiency is low, time-consuming for bioanalysis
The problems such as long, of high cost, is largely required for chemical method to make up the deficiency of its degumming technology.
Physical Degumming method includes ultrasonication method, microwave treatment method and steam explosion etc., wherein application is the most general
It is steam explosion technology all over be.But in numerous research report steam explosion processing procedures, vapor (steam) temperature is high, pressure is big, special
It is not to generally require multiple repetition exploding technology, inevitably, bastose strength damage and fibre length will be caused to damage
It loses.
In short, for bluish dogbane single fiber it is thick, short, the high feature of content of lignin in raw material, not to kenaf raw material into
In the case of row is pretreated, when by single chemistry, biological or physics effect degumming, processing conditions is difficult to control,
Fibre strength is difficult to rationally control with length, fineness relationship, otherwise processing gained bastose is thick, hard, rough or fiber strength
Low, cast tow rate height, seriously affects bluish dogbane product quality.
In order to improve bastose performance, its upgrading is promoted to utilize, both at home and abroad to bluish dogbane on the basis of traditional Degumming method
Fiber fine techniques have also carried out a few thing, but are the soft treatment for the softening and textile for concentrating on fiber mostly, and do not have
There is the fining for solving the problems, such as fiber itself, only frictional force between softening process fiber and reduction process of fiber, this is obviously to red
Ramie product is lightening and superior has little significance.
The process of fiber fine design method of low damage is the key that promote bastose utility value, represents this
The direction of industry technology development.
Invention content
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of fine design methods of bastose, to overcome the degumming of the prior art
The bluish dogbane process of fiber that time-consuming for method generally existing, chemicals usage amount is big, prepared is short, thick, hard, low strength
Etc. technical problems.
Present invention technical solution used for the above purpose is a kind of fine design method of bastose,
It is characterized by comprising the following steps：
The first step, the boiling removal step of kenaf bast
Kenaf bast is placed in rotary spherical digester, digester or cooker, injection cooking liquor by kenaf bast until be immersed in steaming
Under boil liquid face；Cooking liquor is heated to boiling, boiling 0.5~1 hour under fluidized state, to carry out kenaf bast removal of impurities processing；
Then, the kenaf bast by removal of impurities processing is taken out, it is spare；
The cooking liquor is the mixed aqueous solution of surfactant and metal ion chelation agent, wherein surfactant
Mass percent concentration is 0.1%~2%, and the mass percent concentration of metal ion chelation agent is 0.3%~0.5%；
The surfactant is sulfated castor oil, dodecyl sodium sulfate, lauryl sodium sulfate, detergent alkylate
Sodium sulfonate, dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate, bay alcohol sulfuric ester MA24F, sodium secondary alkyl sulfonate SAS60, pull open powder, rapid osmotic
One kind or more in agent T, penetrating agent JFC, paregal O, alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether TX-10, N- ethyl pyrrolidone NEP-100
Kind；
The metal ion chelation agent is sodium tripolyphosphate, calgon, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium metasilicate, sodium citrate, benzene
It is one or more in sodium formate, polyacrylamide, sodium salicylate, tetrasodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate；
Second step dodges quick-fried activation process step
Removal of impurities treated kenaf bast will be passed through, be placed in steam explosion device, be passed through steam, until steam explosion fills
The pressure for setting interior vapor reaches 1.0~1.5MPa, and pressurize 1~5 minute at this pressure；
Then, rapid pressure release is dodged quick-fried, then the kenaf bast activated with dispersion after clear water washes clean, is obtained；
Third walks, and beats cake dress cage step
By in the numb cage of kenaf bast feeding of obtained dispersion activation, cake is beaten using pancake making machine；When feeding, numb cage is with 3
~5 revs/min of speed does not stop to rotate, and the up and down motion of pancake making machine machinery foot is beaten beats kenaf bast in fact；Meanwhile sprinkle water duckbilled from
Up to lower elution of continuously spraying water into numb cage, elution water temperature is 50 DEG C~80 DEG C；
4th step, directional catalyzing oxidation step
It will be after playing cake processing, the numb cage for being loaded with kenaf bast is integrally placed in glue kettle, opens liquid feed valve, is used
High-pressure pump first injects ferrous salt solution to liquid level into glue kettle and did not had kenaf bast；
Then, continue to keep high-pressure pump operating, so that ferrous salt solution is followed with external ferrous salt solution pressure in glue kettle
Ring, keep glue kettle in ferrous salt solution always with swiftly flowing state constant impingement kenaf bast 15~30 minutes after, stop
High-pressure pump closes liquid feed valve, opens liquid valve, will close liquid valve after the ferrous salt solution emptying in glue kettle；
Then, liquid feed valve is opened, activator bath foam to liquid level is first injected into glue kettle using high-pressure pump did not had bluish dogbane tough
Skin；Then, continue to keep high-pressure pump operating, so that activator bath foam and external activator bath foam forced circulation in glue kettle, are protected
Hold in glue kettle that activator bath foam is always with swiftly flowing state constant impingement kenaf bast, after 1~2 hour, stop high-pressure pump,
It closes liquid feed valve, open liquid valve, liquid valve will be closed after the activator bath foam emptying in glue kettle；
The activator is H2O2, Peracetic acid or carbamide peroxide solution；
5th step, chemical Degumming step
It is pumped into alkaline degumming liquid into glue kettle, until liquid level did not had kenaf bast, heating to boil, and connects under fluidized state
Continuous boiling 0.5~2 hour；
Then, liquid valve is opened, liquid valve is closed after degumming liquid emptying；
Then, liquid feed valve is opened, sulfuric acid bath foam or hydrochloric acid bath foam are injected into glue kettle, kenaf bast is washed to pH value
≤7；Clear water rinsed clean repeatedly is reused, bastose semi-finished product are obtained；
6th step, post-processing step
By obtained bastose semi-finished product successively through being dehydrated, oiling, dry to get bastose finished product.
Preferably, above-mentioned ferrous salt solution is FeSO4Solution, FeCl2Solution or (NH4)Fe(SO4)2Solution, quality percentage
Specific concentration is 0.03%~1%.
Further preferably, the mass percent concentration 0.5%~2.5% of above-mentioned activator bath foam, pH value are 3~5, temperature
It is 30 DEG C~50 DEG C；Bath raio is 1:10.
Further preferably, above-mentioned alkaline degumming liquid is the sodium hydroxide solution that mass percent concentration is 0.1%~1%；
Either, the bath foam made as follows：Sodium hydroxide is added in cleaning waste liquid to used boiling, so that therein
The mass percent concentration of sodium hydroxide reaches 0.1%~1% bath foam；
The mass percent concentration of the sulfuric acid bath foam or hydrochloric acid bath foam is 0.1%, bath raio 1:20.
Further preferably, the fine design method of above-mentioned bastose, the fineness of obtained bastose finished product
For 13.8~16.7dtex, residual gum content be 8.32%~9.02%, fibre strength is 3.06~3.97cN/dtex, fiber it is flat
Equal length is more than 40mm.
The technical effect brought directely by the technical proposal is that degumming effect good (residual gum content is 8.32%~9.02%),
Obtained bastose finish fineness thin (for 13.8~16.7dtex), fibre strength index are good (for 3.06~3.97cN/
Dtex), fabric is (average length is more than 40mm) of fine quality.
The fine design method of the bastose of above-mentioned technical proposal, in entire production process, chemical cost amount is small,
Environmental protection pressure mitigates, and technique controlling difficulty is greatly reduced；The utility consumptions such as water power vapour are small, production efficiency is high, are produced into
This is low.
To more fully understand the technical characterstic of the present invention, shows detailed analysis and be described as follows：
In above-mentioned technical proposal, kenaf bast raw material is subjected to boiling removal of impurities, bluish dogbane is can remove in boiling dedoping step
(at high temperature water can occur for the part hemicellulose on kenaf bast for most of hydrotrope and part hemicellulose in bast
Solution is reacted and is removed), and then reduce consumption and the dosage of subsequent chemistry reagent.
Meanwhile in boiling dedoping step, under the infiltration, wetting action of high mild surfactant, it is tough bluish dogbane can be softened
The sclerderm of epidermis layer is conducive to following process and removes.
What is more important, can under surfactant infiltration, wetting, dispersion and emulsification in boiling removal step
Original most of inorganic matter in kenaf bast raw material is rapidly removed, easily absorption, complexing or chelating Fe are especially can remove2+From
The impurity of son, prevents the Fe added in follow-up directional catalyzing oxidation step2+Ion " inactivation ".
In addition, under surfactant infiltration, wetting, dispersion and emulsification, can quickly remove in kenaf bast raw material
Original major part oily matter, enhances the wellability of kenaf bast, improves kenaf bast in follow-up directional catalyzing oxidation step
To Fe2+The adsorption efficiency of ion.
Meanwhile under the chelation of metal ion chelation agent, boiling removal step can effectively remove contained by kenaf bast
Some metal cation components, the cartalytic decomposition effect of activator caused by effectively avoid these metal cation components possible.
That is, better ensuring that the effect of follow-up directional catalyzing oxidation.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, boiling removal of impurities treated kenaf bast will be passed through and carry out steam explosion activation process,
During this, the vapor and liquid water of high-temperature high-pressure state act on kenaf raw material, are fully swollen to raw material；Then,
Under the action of moment pressure release, kenaf bast is made to loosen or disperse, realizes the activation process of kenaf bast.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the water-washing step of quick-fried activation process step is dodged, can directly remove glue during steam explosion
Poly- macromolecular colloid, the consumption of reduction subsequent processing steps chemicals drop in the generated small molecule of matter degradation and part；More
Importantly, water-washing step can effectively remove the metal ion chelation agent of brought into kenaf bast in kenaf bast digestion process,
Prevent the Fe in directional catalyzing oxidation step2+Ion " inactivation ".
In above-mentioned technical proposal, beat during cake using while beat cake, while hot water spray method, to through the quick-fried activation process of sudden strain of a muscle
Kenaf bast carry out beat cake, the colloid in kenaf bast can be made further to soften under the action of soaking of warm water, and in machinery
It is partly removed under the action of power；Especially, it beats during cake due to mechanical external force effect and warm water processing effect, can effectively remove
Subsequent handling is difficult to the part kenaf bast surface layer sclerderm removed, and then following process processing intensity can be greatly reduced, and
The consumption of chemical reagent.
It is important to note that in above-mentioned technical proposal, in directional catalyzing oxidation process, loosen after dodging quick-fried activation
Or the hemicellulose and lignin on the kenaf bast surface of dispersion adsorb Fe under the action of oxygen-containing group2+。
After activator is added, it is adsorbed with Fe2+Hemicellulose and lignin take the lead in by oxidative degradation, partly by oxidative degradation
Removal is directly dissolved for small organic molecule, is partly oxidized to the substance that subsequent chemistry degumming is more easy to removal.
In directional catalyzing oxidation step, Fe is adsorbed2+Kenaf bast be placed directly within containing activator without washing
In solution, it is therefore an objective to protect Fe2+Directional catalyzing activator decomposes, and then oxidative lignin and hemicellulose, enhances catalysis oxidation
Effect.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in chemical Degumming step, degumming liquid is using boiling removal of impurities waste liquid by the way that hydroxide is added
The alkaline degumming liquid that sodium is prepared can reduce the usage amount of fresh water, reduce quantity of wastewater effluent.
In addition, boiling cleans, for waste liquid sheet as hot water, entire technical process can be reduced by being re-used for chemical Degumming step
Energy consumption.What is more important directly utilizes it, can avoid chemistry since boiling removal of impurities waste liquid itself contains surfactant
The addition again of surfactant in degumming step, reduces the consumption of entire technical process chemicals, increases making for chemicals
Use efficiency.
Wherein, using steam explosion activation and Fe2+Ion and hydrogen peroxide (or Peracetic acid or carbamide peroxide solution)
It impregnates and one of the key problem in technology point that catalytic oxidation treatment is the present invention is oriented to kenaf bast, at final bastose
Reason effect plays very crucial effect.The reason is as follows that：
In kenaf phloem, bastose cellulose fiber is under the cementation of the colloids such as pectin, hemicellulose and lignin
Bunchy (technique) fiber, the single fiber being mutually parallel staggeredly in beam (technique) fibre section can up to 50.Wherein single fiber is long
Degree is only 1~5mm, and diameter is then 10~30 μm, colloid (pectin, hemicellulose, lignin etc.) and cellulose by hydrogen bond, altogether
Valence link, van der Waals interaction are connected with each other, these gum dispersions in the fibre between or be enclosed in outside fiber, form fine and close net
Network three-D space structure so that cellulosic sections are not easy to disperse.Traditional Degumming method is all by chemical reagent or biological enzyme
Effect, successively the colloid in bundle fiber is stripped down from outside to inside, causes degumming degree inside and outside raw material inconsistent, outer layer is de-
Glue degree is better than internal layer, leads to end article quality decline, while this process reaction condition is not easy to control, if degumming effect is acute
It is strong, process of fiber can be caused to shorten, lose weaving use value；If degumming effect is bad, residual gum content is higher, technique will be caused fine
It ties up thick, hard, rough, is equally unfavorable for subsequent textile process process and uses.
Therefore, the degumming mode of colloid is successively removed from outside to inside to change, it is red with the condition Proper Match of milder
Relationship between numb process of fiber intensity, fineness, length needs the orientation removal that part non-cellulosic material is carried out to raw material.
And the steam explosion activation process of above-mentioned technical proposal, because steam explosion processing intensity is low, so, it can not destroy
In the case of bastose bulk composition cellulosic degree of polymerization, destroy in raw material in the component molecules such as lignin, hemicellulose and
Hydrogen bond between intermolecular and lignin, hemicellulose and cellulosic molecule, reduction colloid and colloid and colloid and cellulose
Binding force, while increasing the swollen degree of raw material, partial removal hemicellulose and lignin, conducive to oozing for subsequent chemistry reagent
It has an effect thoroughly and further.
Meanwhile in the steam explosion activation process of above-mentioned technical proposal, high temperature, the vapor of high pressure conditions and liquid
Water acts on kenaf raw material, abundant swollen is carried out to raw material, in subsequent moment pressure leak process, in the effect of class mechanical disintegration, hydrogen
Under key destruction and the synergy of structural rearrangement, between hemicellulose and hemicellulose, hemicellulose and lignin it
Between, the connection fracture between hemicellulose and cellulose, between lignin and cellulose or weaken, raw material loosened or point
It dissipates, so that kenaf bast raw material specific surface area is increased, follow-up Fe can be enhanced2+The absorption of ion.Meanwhile during steam explosion,
Under the action of class acidic hydrolysis and thermal degradation, part hemicellulose degradation can be made to remove, reduce following process and handle intensity
And chemical levels.
What is more important, in steam explosion activation process, due to class mechanical disintegration effect, hydrogen bond destruction and
The synergy of structural rearrangement, cause between hemicellulose and hemicellulose, between hemicellulose and lignin, hemicellulose with
Connection fracture between cellulose, between lignin and cellulose or decrease, make kenaf raw material be loosened or be disperseed, make raw material
Specific surface area is increased simultaneously as the colloids such as hemicellulose and lignin are wrapped in fibrous outer, therefore are in raw material surface
Hemicellulose and content of lignin increase, so that more groups containing O is exposed to raw material surface, in hemicellulose and lignin containing O
Under the action of electron-donating group, more Fe can be effectively adsorbed2+Ion enhances kenaf bast raw material Fe2+The work of ionic adsorption
Property, it is conducive to Fe in follow-up orientation activation process2+The absorption of ion, and then be conducive to the progress of follow-up directional catalyzing oxidation.
In addition, in dodging quick-fried activation process, the vapor and liquid water of high-temperature high-pressure state can be well to being not easy to remove
Kenaf bast crust carry out effective swollen, under the class mechanical disintegration effect in subsequent moment pressure leak process, by its with it is red
The tough endo-endothelial layer of fiber crops is detached and is removed, and to effectively reduce the difficulty and intensity of follow-up directional catalyzing oxidation and soda boiling processing, is reduced
The usage amount of subsequent chemistry reagent.
Meanwhile in dodging quick-fried activation process, in the joint of the effect of class mechanical disintegration, hydrogen bond destruction and structural rearrangement
Under effect, kenaf bast raw material has obtained effectively loosening or disperseing, chemical Degumming method or biological degumming with the prior art
Method is compared, and can be saved and be copied numb step after soda boiling degumming.Therefore, energy consumption and water consume are reduced.
In directional catalyzing oxidation process, through dodging the kenaf raw material of quick-fried activation process, due to hemicellulose and lignin table
Face oxygen-containing group increases, in FeSO4、FeCl2Or (NH4)Fe(SO4)2Under the immersion of solution, kenaf raw material surface is largely adsorbed
Fe2+, then, in hydrogen peroxide or Peracetic acid or carbamide peroxide solution treatment, the Fe of hemicellulose and lignin absorption2+
In the H that hemicellulose and lignin surface catalysis directly add2O2Or Peracetic acid or carbamide peroxide solution hydrolyze generation
H2O2It decomposes, in acid condition, Fe2+It is catalyzed H2O2It decomposes and generates the extremely strong HO of oxidability, by the energy of oxidation generated
The extremely strong HO of power is predominantly located at hemicellulose and lignin surface, and therefore, can be degraded to part hemicellulose can water
Molten small organic molecule and be dissolved in the water.
It, can will be complicated and be difficult to the lignin side chain C-C keys removed fracture simultaneously as HO oxidabilities are extremely strong
Or ring-opening reaction occurs, the structure that subsequent chemistry degumming is more easy to removal is generated, follow-up degumming removal is easy to.Make since HO is aoxidized
With radius very little, and since cellulose is wrapped in hemicellulose and lignin, the oxidation of HO can't cause
The oxidative degradation of cellulose.
And during subsequent chemical Degumming, high temperature alkaline solution can hydrolyze the remaining most non-cellulose object of removal
Matter can especially make the lignin that oxidized rear side chain C-C keys were broken or occurred ring-opening reaction that hydrolysis occur and remove so that
Fiber further disperses.
Meanwhile cellulose will disappear brilliant (effect) under the action of lye, reduce crystallinity, improve the hydrophilic of fiber
Property, softening fibre.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, why the kenaf bast raw material by directional catalyzing oxidation (without washing, that is, is being arranged
After empty reaction solution) be pumped directly into lye and carry out degumming process, purpose has two, when, can efficiently use kenaf bast adsorb/
Activator carry, still undecomposed continues to play degumming and blanching effect in subsequent soda boiling scouring processes；Second is that can
To utilize the Fe of kenaf bast adsorption/carrying2+, coagulation decoloration is carried out to degumming liquid.This is conducive to mitigate following waste water
Intractability.
That is, the fine design method of the bastose of above-mentioned technical proposal, is handled, with the pre-sour of the prior art at pre-alkali
Reason, pre- urine oxygen processing chemical Degumming method comparison, before chemical Degumming, since a water-washing step is omitted, thus reduce
Water consume；Compared with existing biology, chemical Degumming technology, due to remaining Fe2+Ion is de- with coagulation during chemical Degumming
Color acts on, and can take off the coloring matter in effluent part.Therefore, difficult to generated waste water decoloring processing during subsequent production
Degree is corresponding to be reduced.
Meanwhile with the chemical Degumming method of prior art ratio, above-mentioned technical proposal (needs not move through the length of a large amount of chemical reagent
Time boiling) by Fe under steam explosion and acid condition2+The selective paraffin oxidation of HO caused by ionic catalysis activator is degraded
Effect carries out bastose degumming.Its is efficient, pollution is small, with the obvious advantage.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, pickling (step) is then in order to neutralize the alkaline reagent of chemical Degumming, to prevent alkali to fibre
Tie up the further degradation of element.
In short, just because of the combination of above-mentioned series technique means so that in bastose crude product alkaline boiling, compared with
The boiling of the prior art is handled, the time required to chemical levels, boiling in terms of be greatly decreased or save, this is for effective
Mitigate damage of the alkaline scouring process to fibrous physics index, reduces wastewater treatment difficulty, alleviate environmental protection pressure, improve production effect
Rate reduces production cost and all has apparent positive effect.
Supplementary explanation：In above-mentioned technical proposal, by alkaline scouring treated bastose, in fiber remaining colloid and
Pigment is further removed, so as to reach ideal flax fiber separation index and whiteness index.
In conclusion the present invention compared with the existing technology, has the advantages that：
1, it on the basis of obtaining compared with the better degumming effect of the prior art (residual gum content is 8.32%~9.02%), is obtained
Bastose finish fineness thin (for 13.8~16.7dtex), fibre strength index good (for 3.06~3.97cN/dtex),
Average fiber length length (average length is more than 40mm), good spinnability；
2, chemical cost amount is small, environmental protection pressure mitigates, and technique controlling difficulty is greatly reduced；
3, the utility consumptions such as water, electricity, vapour are small, production efficiency is high, production cost is greatly reduced.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
The kenaf bast places of origin of raw materials：Hunan
Processing method is as follows：
Kenaf bast is placed in rotary spherical digester or digester or cooker, is immersed in cooking liquor, fluidized state is heated to, is steamed
It boils 0.5 hour, carries out kenaf bast removal of impurities.
Kenaf raw material after boiling is cleaned is directly placed into steam explosion device, and heating makes the water in steam explosion device
Steam pressure is 1.0MPa, keeps this pressure 1 minute；Then valve, rapid pressure release are opened.
Collect the bastose that is sprayed from steam explosion equipment, then carry out buying cake, will beat kenaf bast obtained by cake with
Numb cage is placed in glue kettle together, is pumped into the FeSO that mass percent concentration is 0.05%4Solution, until kenaf bast is not crossed,
At room temperature, FeSO is made using high-pressure pump4Solution inner-outer circulation 15 minutes empties FeSO4After solution, it is pumped into mass percent concentration
For 0.5% hydrogen peroxide solution, in 30 DEG C of circular treatments 1 hour, after emptying hydrogen peroxide solution, being pumped into mass percent concentration was
0.1% sodium hydroxide solution, boiling are boiled 1 hour.
Then, pickling is carried out at room temperature to the fiber after boiling, pickle is the sulphur that mass percent concentration is 0.1%
(acid cleaning process selects bath raio for 1 for acid or solution:20), pickling time is 5 minutes.
It is neutrality by fiber washing to pH value, finally, successively to get fine bastose after being dehydrated, oiling, dry.
Above-mentioned cooking liquor is the mixed aqueous solution of surfactant and metal ion chelation agent, wherein surfactant
Mass percent concentration is 0.1~2%, and the mass percent concentration of metal ion chelation agent is 0.3~0.5%；
Above-mentioned surfactant is sulfated castor oil；
Above-mentioned metal ion chelation agent is sodium tripolyphosphate.
Examination and test of products testing result：
Obtained bastose residual gum content is 9.02%, average fiber length is more than 40mm, fibre strength 3.97cN/
Dtex, fibre fineness 16.7dtex.
Embodiment 2
The kenaf bast places of origin of raw materials：Shandong
Processing method is as follows：
Kenaf bast is placed in rotary spherical digester or digester or cooker, is immersed in cooking liquor, fluidized state is heated to, is steamed
It boils 0.5 hour, carries out kenaf bast removal of impurities.
Kenaf raw material after boiling is cleaned is directly placed into steam explosion device, and heating makes the water in steam explosion device
Steam pressure is 1.5MPa, keeps this pressure 5 minutes；Then valve, rapid pressure release are opened.
Collect the bastose that is sprayed from steam explosion equipment, then carry out buying cake, will beat kenaf bast obtained by cake with
Numb cage is placed in glue kettle together, is pumped into the FeCl that mass percent concentration is 0.1%2Solution, until kenaf bast is not crossed, in room
Under temperature, FeCl is made using high-pressure pump2Solution inner-outer circulation 30 minutes empties FeCl2After solution, being pumped into mass percent concentration is
2.5% peracetic acid soln after emptying peracetic acid soln, was pumped into mass percent concentration in 50 DEG C of circular treatments 1 hour
For 0.1% sodium hydroxide solution, boiling is boiled 0.5 hour.
Then, pickling is carried out at room temperature to the fiber after boiling, pickle is the salt that mass percent concentration is 0.1%
(acid cleaning process selects bath raio for 1 to acid solution:20), pickling time is 5 minutes.
It is neutrality by fiber washing to pH value, finally, successively to get fine bastose after being dehydrated, oiling, dry.
Above-mentioned cooking liquor is the mixed aqueous solution of surfactant and metal ion chelation agent, wherein surfactant
Mass percent concentration is 0.1~2%, and the mass percent concentration of metal ion chelation agent is 0.3~0.5%；
Above-mentioned surfactant is dodecyl sodium sulfate；
Above-mentioned metal ion chelation agent is the mixture of calgon and sodium pyrophosphate, and mixing ratio is 1 ︰, 1 (quality
Than).
Examination and test of products testing result：
Obtained bastose residual gum content is 8.32%, average fiber length is more than 40mm, fibre strength 3.06cN/
Dtex, fibre fineness 13.8dtex.
Embodiment 3
The kenaf bast places of origin of raw materials：Jiangsu
Processing method：Except FeSO4Solution quality percent concentration is 1%, the time of alkaline degumming liquid continuously cooking is 2 small
When, substitute hydrogen peroxide using carbamide peroxide solution, the mass percent concentration of carbamide peroxide Solutions Solution be 1.5% it
Outside；
Remaining, with embodiment 1.
Examination and test of products testing result：
Obtained bastose residual gum content is 8.62%, average fiber length is more than 40mm, fibre strength 3.86cN/
Dtex, fibre fineness 15.7dtex.
Embodiment 4
Except surfactant be lauryl sodium sulfate and penetrating agent JFC mixture (1 ︰ 2 of mass mixing ratio), metal from
Sub- chelating agent is except sodium pyrophosphate；
Remaining, with embodiment 2.
Examination and test of products testing result：
Obtained bastose residual gum content is 8.35%, average fiber length is more than 40mm, fibre strength 3.08cN/
Dtex, fibre fineness 13.8dtex.
It should be pointed out that above-mentioned surfactant is also possible that such as：Dodecyl sodium sulfate, dodecyl sulphate
Sodium, dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate, bay alcohol sulfuric ester MA24F, sodium secondary alkyl sulfonate SAS60, is drawn neopelex
Open powder, fast penetrant T, penetrating agent JFC, paregal O, alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether TX-10, N- ethyl pyrrolidone NEP-
100；
Either, include arbitrary two kinds of sulfated castor oil, dodecyl sodium sulfate and the above surfactant
The mixture (mixed proportion does not have particular/special requirement, can the factors such as overall cost reasonably selected) of the above ingredient.
Above-mentioned metal ion chelation agent is also possible that such as：Calgon, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium metasilicate, sodium citrate, benzene
Sodium formate, polyacrylamide, sodium salicylate, tetrasodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate；
Either, including sodium tripolyphosphate, arbitrary two kinds of calgon and the above metal ion chelation agent with
The mixture (mixed proportion does not have particular/special requirement, can the factors such as overall cost reasonably selected) of upper ingredient.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of fine design method of bastose, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
The first step, the boiling removal step of kenaf bast
Kenaf bast is placed in rotary spherical digester, digester or cooker, injection cooking liquor by kenaf bast until be immersed in cooking liquor
Under face；Cooking liquor is heated to boiling, boiling 0.5~1 hour under fluidized state, to carry out kenaf bast removal of impurities processing；
Then, the kenaf bast by removal of impurities processing is taken out, it is spare；
The cooking liquor is the mixed aqueous solution of surfactant and metal ion chelation agent, wherein the quality of surfactant
Percent concentration is 0.1%~2%, and the mass percent concentration of metal ion chelation agent is 0.3%~0.5%；
The surfactant is sulfated castor oil, dodecyl sodium sulfate, lauryl sodium sulfate, dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid
Sodium, dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate, sodium secondary alkyl sulfonate SAS60, pull open powder, fast penetrant T, penetrating agent JFC, paregal O,
It is one or more in alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether TX-10, N- ethyl pyrrolidone NEP-100；
The metal ion chelation agent is sodium tripolyphosphate, calgon, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium metasilicate, sodium citrate, benzoic acid
It is one or more in sodium, polyacrylamide, sodium salicylate, tetrasodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate；
Second step dodges quick-fried activation process step
Removal of impurities treated kenaf bast will be passed through, be placed in steam explosion device, be passed through steam, until in steam explosion device
The pressure of vapor reaches 1.0~1.5MPa, and pressurize 1~5 minute at this pressure；
Then, rapid pressure release is dodged quick-fried, then the kenaf bast activated with dispersion after clear water washes clean, is obtained；
Third walks, and beats cake dress cage step
By in the numb cage of kenaf bast feeding of obtained dispersion activation, cake is beaten using pancake making machine；When feeding, numb cage is with 3~5
Rev/min speed do not stop to rotate, pancake making machine machinery foot up and down motion beat reality beats kenaf bast；Meanwhile duckbilled of sprinkling water is from upper
To lower elution of continuously spraying water into numb cage, elution water temperature is 50 DEG C~80 DEG C；
4th step, directional catalyzing oxidation step
It will be after playing cake processing, the numb cage for being loaded with kenaf bast is integrally placed in glue kettle, is opened liquid feed valve, is used high pressure
Pump first injects ferrous salt solution to liquid level into glue kettle and did not had kenaf bast；
Then, continue to keep high-pressure pump operating, so that ferrous salt solution and external ferrous salt solution forced circulation in glue kettle, are protected
Hold in glue kettle ferrous salt solution always with swiftly flowing state constant impingement kenaf bast 15~30 minutes after, stop high pressure
Pump closes liquid feed valve, opens liquid valve, will close liquid valve after the ferrous salt solution emptying in glue kettle；
Then, liquid feed valve is opened, activator bath foam to liquid level is first injected into glue kettle using high-pressure pump did not had kenaf bast；So
Afterwards, continue to keep high-pressure pump operating, so that activator bath foam and external activator bath foam forced circulation in glue kettle, keep degumming
Activator bath foam is always with swiftly flowing state constant impingement kenaf bast in tank, after 1~2 hour, stop high-pressure pump, close into
Liquid valve opens liquid valve, will close liquid valve after the activator bath foam emptying in glue kettle；
The activator is H2O2, Peracetic acid or carbamide peroxide solution；
5th step, chemical Degumming step
Alkaline degumming liquid is pumped into glue kettle, until liquid level did not had kenaf bast, heating to boil, and the continuous steaming under fluidized state
It boils 0.5~2 hour；
Then, liquid valve is opened, liquid valve is closed after degumming liquid emptying；
Then, liquid feed valve is opened, sulfuric acid bath foam or hydrochloric acid bath foam are injected into glue kettle, kenaf bast is washed to pH value≤7；
Clear water rinsed clean repeatedly is reused, bastose semi-finished product are obtained；
6th step, post-processing step
By obtained bastose semi-finished product successively through being dehydrated, oiling, dry to get bastose finished product.
2. the fine design method of bastose according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the ferrous salt solution is
FeSO4Solution or FeCl2Solution, mass percent concentration are 0.03%~1%.
3. the fine design method of bastose according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the activator bath foam
Mass percent concentration is 0.5%~2.5%, and pH value is 3~5, and temperature is 30 DEG C~50 DEG C；Bath raio is 1 ︰ 10.
4. according to the fine design method of any bastoses of claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the alkalinity is de-
Glue is the sodium hydroxide solution that mass percent concentration is 0.1%~1%；
Either, the bath foam made as follows：
Sodium hydroxide is added in cleaning waste liquid to used boiling, so that the mass percent concentration of sodium hydroxide therein reaches
To 0.1%~1% bath foam；
The mass percent concentration of the sulfuric acid bath foam or hydrochloric acid bath foam is 0.1%, and bath raio is 1 ︰ 20.
5. according to the fine design method of any bastoses of claim 1-3, which is characterized in that obtained is red
The fineness of flaxen fiber finished product is 13.8~16.7dtex, residual gum content is 8.32%~9.02%, fibre strength be 3.06~
3.97cN/dtex, fiber average length be more than 40mm.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101550607A (en) * | 2009-05-16 | 2009-10-07 | 太原理工大学 | Hemp fiber degumming boiling-off additive, preparing method and application thereof |
| CN103436969A (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2013-12-11 | 殷祥刚 | Mechanical rolling-exploding-carding for edulcorating combined degumming method for hemp |
| KR20140062642A (en) * | 2012-11-14 | 2014-05-26 | 이경종 | Degumming method of bast fiber |
| CN105256384A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2016-01-20 | 东华大学 | Method for oxidation degumming of ramie under weak acid condition |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AUPR626501A0 (en) * | 2001-07-10 | 2001-08-02 | Fibre Laboratory Pty Ltd | Degumming of bast fibres |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101550607A (en) * | 2009-05-16 | 2009-10-07 | 太原理工大学 | Hemp fiber degumming boiling-off additive, preparing method and application thereof |
| KR20140062642A (en) * | 2012-11-14 | 2014-05-26 | 이경종 | Degumming method of bast fiber |
| CN103436969A (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2013-12-11 | 殷祥刚 | Mechanical rolling-exploding-carding for edulcorating combined degumming method for hemp |
| CN105256384A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2016-01-20 | 东华大学 | Method for oxidation degumming of ramie under weak acid condition |
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