CN106567087A - Demolding agent for glass panel vacuum film plating - Google Patents
Demolding agent for glass panel vacuum film plating Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106567087A CN106567087A CN201610938323.4A CN201610938323A CN106567087A CN 106567087 A CN106567087 A CN 106567087A CN 201610938323 A CN201610938323 A CN 201610938323A CN 106567087 A CN106567087 A CN 106567087A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- vacuum coating
- face glass
- glass vacuum
- weight
- percentage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/14—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with alkaline solutions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C14/021—Cleaning or etching treatments
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a demolding agent for glass panel vacuum film plating. The demolding agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 15-20% of cosolvent, 8-10% of builder, 4-6% of permeating agent, 9-12% of chelating agent, 7-11% of organic base, and the balance of water, wherein the permeating agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1-2% of alkyl polyglucoside, 1-2% of dodecyl dimethyl betaine, and 1-2% of succinic acid di-sec-octyl ester sulfonate. Compared with the prior art, the demolding agent applies the effects of wetting, emulsification, compatibilization, dispersion and washing of all the components to achieve the multifunctional compound performance, is high in dirt removing capacity on various vacuum plating films and adhesive films, is thorough in removal, is free of corrosion, scratch and rubbing on glass, is low in reject ratio of continuous operation, is excellent in stability, is nearly neutral without poison, harm, excessive erosion and hydrogen permeation, achieves the biodegradability, improves the dirt removing efficiency, and reduces the environmental pollution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to remover technical field, more particularly to a kind of face glass vacuum coating remover.
Background technology
Coating film on glass technology have developed rapidly, such as vaporation-type vacuum coating, magnetic control sputtering vacuum coating, electric float glass process plated film, heat
Spraying etc. has all put goods on the market, various intelligent terminal such as videophone, intelligent meeting terminal, smart mobile phone, panel computer etc.
Shell, will often adopt coated glass panel, and higher to the quality requirements of plated film, when being applied to product manufacturing, easily
The defective products of vacuum coating is produced, or because of the needs of processing procedure, or because of improper use etc., need thoroughly to remove on coated glass
Plated film.
The plated film of face glass typically the surface of glass substrate by technique for vacuum coating formation indium tin oxide or
Indium stannum alloy plated film, can also again plate one or more metal levels before indium tin oxide or indium stannum alloy plated film or/and afterwards
Such as the alloy or oxide of one or more in aluminum, nickel, molybdenum, gold, titanium, silver, antimony or copper, so as to change glass to sunlight,
The performances such as the radiance of heat energy, reflectance, absorbance and transmitance give the property such as glass surface conductive, self-cleaning;
Also the rubber protective layers such as ink, coating can be formed by modes such as PVD magnetron sputtering peripheral doses afterwards, glass baseplate glued membrane
Physicochemical properties are more stable and are difficult demoulding, while plated film is also than stronger, and traditionally often using strong acid and strong base etc.
Mode strips bad vacuum coating, easily causes corrosion and the pollution environment of glass, and the removing to coating film on glass also has decontamination
Ability is weak, relatively costly, film layer is easily aoxidized, the low problem of cleaning efficiency.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to be directed to the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art, there is provided a kind of face glass vacuum coating is used de-
Membrane, has the advantages that dirty removal capacities are strong, environmentally friendly, detersive efficiency corrosion-free to glass is high, be particularly well-suited to vacuum coating and
The demoulding of its glued membrane is processed, and cost is relatively low.
The technical scheme that adopted to reach above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is:
A kind of face glass vacuum coating remover, consists of the following components in percentage by weight:Cosolvent 15~
20%th, builder 8~10%, penetrating agent 4~6%, chelating agen 9~12%, organic base 7~11%, balance of water.Water can be selected
From deionized water, ultra-pure water, distilled water, redistilled water etc..
Preferably, described cosolvent is at least two in ethylene glycol, propylene glycol n-butyl ether, ethanol, isopropanol;
The dissolubility of remover and the intermiscibility of each compatibility component can be improved, there is preferable dissolubility to oily pollutant, strengthen decontamination
Ability, can reach good compounding effect.
Preferably, described builder is at least one in sodium citrate, sodium laurate.Sodium citrate, sodium laurate
To glass baseplate non-corrosiveness, glass surface light can be kept as newly, while PH adjusts good with shock-absorbing capacity, without phosphorus, environment is friendly
It is good, with efficient synergism improving the dirt-removing power of remover.
Preferably, described penetrating agent is made up of the component of following percentage by weight:Alkyl polyglucosides 1~2%,
Dodecyldimethylammonium hydroxide inner salt 1~2%, di-sec-octyl succinate sodium sulfonate 1~2%.Alkyl polyglucosides and other
The compatibility of component is good, good with the compatibility of dodecyldimethylammonium hydroxide inner salt, di-sec-octyl succinate sodium sulfonate, mutually multiple
With potentiation is produced, the mildness and surface activity of formula are significantly improved, in the of a relatively high compatibility component of inorganic constituentss
Good stability, surface tension are low, detergency is good, thickening effect is good, are easily biodegradable, environmental friendliness, stimulate little, safety.
Preferably, described chelating agen is made up of the component of following percentage by weight:Tartaric acid 1~3%, ethylenediamine tetrem
Sour EDTA 2~3%, sodium gluconate 2~4%, potassium pyrophosphate 1~2%.Using cooperateing with for tartaric acid and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
Effect, while compounding sodium gluconate and potassium pyrophosphate, promotes the compatibility with other components, improves cleaning performance and to metal
The sequestering power of ion, to glass corrosion will not be produced, and can form complex with metal ion, effectively prevent metal surface oxygen
Change, and the granule to fine dispersion has very strong dispersibility, prevents deposition, can also chelate the metal ion in water, makes
Water also avoids deposition of dirt from remaining in coated glass surface while softening.
Preferably, described organic base is at least one in N- ethyldiethanolamines, pyrroles, dicyclohexylamine.It is organic
Can strengthen detergency after alkali and other components compounding, while the erosion to glass will not be caused, keep glass substrate surface light
It is bright corrosion-free.
Preferably, the pH value of the face glass vacuum coating remover is 6.8~7.1.The remover is close to neutrality, base
This non-corrosiveness, to product and process equipment corrosion will not be produced, while oil smoke, environmentally safe will not be produced.
Compared with prior art, the face glass vacuum coating remover that the present invention is provided, is water base environmentally friendly remover,
Will not generation environment pollution, with chelating agen, penetrating agent, builder, organic base and cosolvent, hydroscience compound, with component
Moistening, emulsifying, increase-volume, dispersion, washing functions, multi-functional plyability is reached, to various vacuum coatings, the dirt-removing power of glued membrane
By force, remove it is thorough, it is corrosion-free to glass, fray, scratch, fraction defective of working continuously are low, good stability, and during remover is near
Property, nonhazardouss, without erosion is crossed without oozing hydrogen, have biodegradability, improve detersive efficiency, reduce environmental pollution.
Above-mentioned is the general introduction of inventive technique scheme, and below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Specific embodiment:
In order that the purpose of the present invention and technical scheme and advantage become more apparent, make with reference to embodiments specifically
It is bright.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is not intended to limit the present invention only to explain the present invention.
Embodiment 1:A kind of face glass vacuum coating remover that the present embodiment is provided and preparation method thereof, will be as follows
The component of percentage by weight:Cosolvent 16%, builder sodium citrate 8%, penetrating agent 6%, chelating agen 9%, organic base N- second
Base diethanolamine 11%, the mixing of balance of water, stir, and obtain finished product, measure pH value for 7.0.Cosolvent is ethylene glycol ethyl ethers
Ether and ethanol in mass ratio 1:1 mixes;Penetrating agent is made up of the component of following percentage by weight:Alkyl polyglucosides
2%th, dodecyldimethylammonium hydroxide inner salt 2%, di-sec-octyl succinate sodium sulfonate 2%;Chelating agen is by following percentage by weight
Component is constituted:Tartaric acid 1%, edta edta 3%, sodium gluconate 4%, potassium pyrophosphate 1%.
Embodiment 2:A kind of face glass vacuum coating remover that the present embodiment is provided and preparation method thereof, will be as follows
The component of percentage by weight:Cosolvent 20%, builder sodium laurate 9%, penetrating agent 5%, chelating agen 10%, organic base pyrroles
7%th, balance of water mixing, stirs, and obtains finished product, measures pH value for 7.1.Cosolvent is propylene glycol n-butyl ether and isopropanol
In mass ratio 1:3 mix;Penetrating agent is made up of the component of following percentage by weight:Alkyl polyglucosides 1%, 12
Alkyl dimethyl betaine 2%, di-sec-octyl succinate sodium sulfonate 2%;Chelating agen is made up of the component of following percentage by weight:
Tartaric acid 3%, edta edta 2%, sodium gluconate 3%, potassium pyrophosphate 2%.
Embodiment 3:A kind of face glass vacuum coating remover that the present embodiment is provided and preparation method thereof, will be as follows
The component of percentage by weight:Cosolvent 18%, builder 9%, penetrating agent 4%, chelating agen 12%, organic base dicyclohexylamine
7%th, balance of water mixing, stirs, and obtains finished product, measures pH value for 6.9.Cosolvent is ethylene glycol, ethanol, isopropyl
Alcohol in mass ratio 1:2:1 mixes;Builder is sodium citrate, sodium laurate in mass ratio 3:1 mixes;Penetrating agent by
The component composition of following percentage by weight:Alkyl polyglucosides 1%, dodecyldimethylammonium hydroxide inner salt 1%, succinic acid two
Secondary dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate 2%;Chelating agen is made up of the component of following percentage by weight:Tartaric acid 3%, edta edta
3%th, sodium gluconate 4%, potassium pyrophosphate 2%.
Embodiment 4:A kind of face glass vacuum coating remover that the present embodiment is provided and preparation method thereof, will be as follows
The component of percentage by weight:Cosolvent 15%, builder sodium laurate 10%, penetrating agent 4%, chelating agen 11%, organic base two
Cyclo-hexylamine 9%, the mixing of balance of water, stir, and obtain finished product, measure pH value for 6.8.Cosolvent is the positive fourth of Propylene Glycol
Ether, ethanol, isopropanol are mixed;Penetrating agent is made up of the component of following percentage by weight:Alkyl polyglucosides 2%,
Dodecyldimethylammonium hydroxide inner salt 1%, di-sec-octyl succinate sodium sulfonate 1%;Chelating agen by following percentage by weight component
Composition:Tartaric acid 3%, edta edta 3%, sodium gluconate 4%, potassium pyrophosphate 1%;Organic base is N- ethyls
Diethanolamine and dicyclohexylamine in mass ratio 1:1 mixes.
Embodiment 5:A kind of face glass vacuum coating remover that the present embodiment is provided and preparation method thereof, will be as follows
The component of percentage by weight:Cosolvent 17%, builder sodium citrate 10%, penetrating agent 5%, chelating agen 10%, organic base two
Cyclo-hexylamine 8%, the mixing of balance of water, stir, and obtain finished product, measure pH value for 7.1.Cosolvent be ethylene glycol,
Propylene glycol n-butyl ether, ethanol in mass ratio 1:1:2 mix;Penetrating agent is made up of the component of following percentage by weight:Alkyl
Polyglucoside 2%, dodecyldimethylammonium hydroxide inner salt 2%, di-sec-octyl succinate sodium sulfonate 1%;Chelating agen is by as follows
The component composition of percentage by weight:Tartaric acid 2%, edta edta 3%, sodium gluconate 3%, potassium pyrophosphate
2%.
Embodiment 6:A kind of face glass vacuum coating remover that the present embodiment is provided and preparation method thereof, will be as follows
The component of percentage by weight:Cosolvent 17%, builder sodium citrate 8.5%, penetrating agent 5.5%, chelating agen 9%, organic base
N- ethyldiethanolamines 10%, the mixing of balance of water, stir, and obtain finished product, measure pH value for 6.9.Cosolvent is second two
Alcohol ether and isopropanol in mass ratio 1:2 mix;Penetrating agent is made up of the component of following percentage by weight:Alkyl poly Portugal
Polyglycoside 1.8%, dodecyldimethylammonium hydroxide inner salt 1.7%, di-sec-octyl succinate sodium sulfonate 2%;Chelating agen is by weighing as follows
The component composition of amount percentage ratio:Tartaric acid 1%, edta edta 2%, sodium gluconate 4%, potassium pyrophosphate 2%.
The announcement and teaching of book according to the above description, those skilled in the art in the invention can also be to above-mentioned embodiment party
Formula is changed and changed.Therefore, specific embodiment disclosed and described above is the invention is not limited in, to invention
A little modifications and changes should also be as falling in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of face glass vacuum coating remover, it is characterised in that consist of the following components in percentage by weight:Hydrotropy
Agent 15~20%, builder 8~10%, penetrating agent 4~6%, chelating agen 9~12%, organic base 7~11%, balance of water.
2. face glass vacuum coating remover as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described cosolvent is second two
In alcohol ether, propylene glycol n-butyl ether, ethanol, isopropanol at least two.
3. face glass vacuum coating remover as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described builder is Fructus Citri Limoniae
At least one in sour sodium, sodium laurate.
4. face glass vacuum coating remover as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described penetrating agent is by as follows
The component composition of percentage by weight:Alkyl polyglucosides 1~2%, dodecyldimethylammonium hydroxide inner salt 1~2%, succinic acid
Di-sec-octyl sodium sulfonate 1~2%.
5. face glass vacuum coating remover as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described chelating agen is by as follows
The component composition of percentage by weight:Tartaric acid 1~3%, edta edta 2~3%, sodium gluconate 2~4%, Jiao
Potassium phosphate 1~2%.
6. face glass vacuum coating remover as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described organic base is N- second
At least one in base diethanolamine, pyrroles, dicyclohexylamine.
7. face glass vacuum coating remover as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the face glass vacuum coating
It is 6.8~7.1 with the pH value of remover.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201610938323.4A CN106567087B (en) | 2016-10-25 | 2016-10-25 | A kind of glass panel vacuum coating remover |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201610938323.4A CN106567087B (en) | 2016-10-25 | 2016-10-25 | A kind of glass panel vacuum coating remover |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN106567087A true CN106567087A (en) | 2017-04-19 |
CN106567087B CN106567087B (en) | 2019-07-05 |
Family
ID=58534955
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201610938323.4A Active CN106567087B (en) | 2016-10-25 | 2016-10-25 | A kind of glass panel vacuum coating remover |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN106567087B (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107974687A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-05-01 | 广东富行洗涤剂科技有限公司 | It is a kind of to take off mould agent for glass vacuum coating mould |
CN109052982A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2018-12-21 | 苏州市灵通玻璃制品有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of glass display and control panel plated film used additives |
CN109650747A (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2019-04-19 | 蓝思科技(长沙)有限公司 | The glass product that decoating liquid, withdrawal plating and strip for stripping glass NCVM film layer obtain |
CN113943610A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-01-18 | 广州亦盛环保科技有限公司 | Water-based adhesive remover applied to OCA optical adhesive on mobile phone cover plate and preparation method thereof |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101092591A (en) * | 2006-06-23 | 2007-12-26 | 天津晶岭电子材料科技有限公司 | Cleaning agent for optical glass |
CN102503154A (en) * | 2011-10-20 | 2012-06-20 | 华阳新兴科技(天津)集团有限公司 | Optical glass paint remover and preparation method thereof |
CN102586035A (en) * | 2012-02-13 | 2012-07-18 | 深圳市飞世尔实业有限公司 | Cleaning agent for molybdenum aluminum molybdenum coated glass |
CN102911821A (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-02-06 | 何国锐 | Water-based optical lens cleaning agent composition |
CN103524054A (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2014-01-22 | 江西沃格光电科技有限公司 | Stripping agent and method for stripping ITO (indium tin oxide) glass by using same |
-
2016
- 2016-10-25 CN CN201610938323.4A patent/CN106567087B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101092591A (en) * | 2006-06-23 | 2007-12-26 | 天津晶岭电子材料科技有限公司 | Cleaning agent for optical glass |
CN102503154A (en) * | 2011-10-20 | 2012-06-20 | 华阳新兴科技(天津)集团有限公司 | Optical glass paint remover and preparation method thereof |
CN102586035A (en) * | 2012-02-13 | 2012-07-18 | 深圳市飞世尔实业有限公司 | Cleaning agent for molybdenum aluminum molybdenum coated glass |
CN102911821A (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-02-06 | 何国锐 | Water-based optical lens cleaning agent composition |
CN103524054A (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2014-01-22 | 江西沃格光电科技有限公司 | Stripping agent and method for stripping ITO (indium tin oxide) glass by using same |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109650747A (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2019-04-19 | 蓝思科技(长沙)有限公司 | The glass product that decoating liquid, withdrawal plating and strip for stripping glass NCVM film layer obtain |
CN109650747B (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2021-09-28 | 蓝思科技(长沙)有限公司 | Deplating liquid and deplating process for removing NCVM (non-volatile memory) film layer of glass and glass product obtained by deplating |
CN107974687A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-05-01 | 广东富行洗涤剂科技有限公司 | It is a kind of to take off mould agent for glass vacuum coating mould |
CN109052982A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2018-12-21 | 苏州市灵通玻璃制品有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of glass display and control panel plated film used additives |
CN113943610A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-01-18 | 广州亦盛环保科技有限公司 | Water-based adhesive remover applied to OCA optical adhesive on mobile phone cover plate and preparation method thereof |
CN113943610B (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2023-09-05 | 广州亦盛环保科技有限公司 | Water-based adhesive remover for OCA optical adhesive on mobile phone cover plate and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN106567087B (en) | 2019-07-05 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN106567087A (en) | Demolding agent for glass panel vacuum film plating | |
CN102131910B (en) | Cleaning composition for removing lead-free solder flux and system for removing lead-free solder flux | |
CN100528461C (en) | Non-rosin cleaning-free scaling powder for tin-lead soldering paste and preparation method thereof | |
CN108384645B (en) | Degreasing agent for workpiece, preparation method and workpiece surface spraying type pretreatment method | |
CN100497571C (en) | Solar energy silicon crystal chip cleaning agent | |
CN103537822B (en) | High-concentration scaling powder for pre-forming soldering lug spraying | |
CN104155854B (en) | A kind of low temperature photoresist heavy industry stripper and its application | |
CN101956220B (en) | Plating pretreatment oil remover composition and preparation and use methods thereof | |
CN101323723B (en) | Environment-friendly type aqueous paint remover for removing polysiloxane paint | |
CN101972906B (en) | Lead-free environmentally friendly soldering flux and preparation method thereof | |
CN1482223A (en) | Glass cleaning agent composite for electronic industry | |
CN105331471A (en) | Environment-friendly neutral water-based cleaning agent, preparation method and application | |
CN101214594A (en) | Environment-friendly type lead-free solder water-based scaling powder and preparation thereof | |
CN104117787B (en) | A kind of Environmental-protection cleaning-free scaling powder | |
CN104694946A (en) | Phosphorus-free degreaser | |
CN105297042B (en) | A kind of metal material cleaning agent and its application method | |
CN102513733A (en) | Flux | |
CN104674251A (en) | Degreasing agent for cold-rolled continuous annealing unit | |
CN109370809B (en) | Low-foam water-based cleaning agent and cleaning method | |
CN101265440A (en) | Printed wiring board cleaning agent | |
CN102191140A (en) | Electronic circuit board detergent | |
KR100907568B1 (en) | Cleaning agent for removing solder flux and method for cleaning solder flux | |
CN105462707A (en) | Water-based cleaning agent and preparation method and application thereof | |
CN102703242A (en) | Water base cleaning solution for cleaning solar battery electronic paste and preparation method thereof | |
CN106479761A (en) | Use in printed circuit board waterborne cleaning agent composition and cleaning agent and its preparation method and application |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |