CN106562132A - Sinking feed for aquaculture animals in middle and lower layers and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Sinking feed for aquaculture animals in middle and lower layers and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106562132A CN106562132A CN201611001092.0A CN201611001092A CN106562132A CN 106562132 A CN106562132 A CN 106562132A CN 201611001092 A CN201611001092 A CN 201611001092A CN 106562132 A CN106562132 A CN 106562132A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of aquaculture, and discloses a sinking feed for aquaculture animals in middle and lower layers and a preparation method thereof. The sinking feed is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 30 to 40 parts of bean pulp, 20 to 30 parts of shrimp meal powder, 10 to 14 parts of fish protein powder, 6 to 12 parts of animal fat, 3 to 5 parts of beer yeast powder, 1 to 3 parts of Chinese herbal medicine, 3 to 5 parts of sinking feeding attraction particles, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of choline chloride, 3 to 5 parts of decavitamin, 3 to 5 parts of complex mineral substance, and 0.3 to 0.5 part of complex enzyme preparation. The sinking fish feed provided by the invention has sinkability so as to be convenient to be taken by the aquaculture animals in the middle and lower layers; and the fish feed is comprehensive in nutrition, good in palatability and feeding attractiveness, and less in water pollution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquaculture field, more particularly to a kind of sinking feed for middle lower floor's aquatic animal and
Its preparation method.
Background technology
At present, the aquatic feeds of culture fishery mainly have two kinds of sinking feed and buoyancy feedstuff.
Buoyancy feedstuff is then that feed granules can float up to the water surface after throwing is supported, and aquatic biological is ingested at approximately level, made
User can well observe the situation of ingesting of Aquatic product, and amount is supported in the throwing of effective control feedstuff.But because feedstuff is gone up after throwing is supported
Floating to the water surface, for the aquatic biological that shrimp, Eriocheir sinensiss, Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann and middle lower floor fish etc. live in middle lower floor, it is necessary to swim over to superjacent waters
Ingest, increased physical consumption.Therefore, upper strata fish can be substantially reduced for the grazing rate of sinking feed.
The granule of sinking feed can be settled after feeding, enable the aquatic biological for living in middle lower floor smoothly to ingest.
On the other hand, the common fish meal for producing on the market at present, general its main formula includes：Meat, egg albumen powder, oil
Lipid, vitamin, mineral etc., nutrition is very comprehensive, but many fish meal palatabilities are poor, causes feed waste, and raises
Material for a long time can be easily corrupt in water body, polluted water.
On the other hand, because feedstuff is not the food that Fish were had a liking for originally, feedstuff is poor to the phagostimulating effect of Fish,
Many feedstuffs are not eaten and are wasted.Therefore, hobby of the cultured fishes to feedstuff is improved, is to improve it to take the photograph bait rate, reduced and raise
Material is wasted, and improves feed efficiency, increases a very important approach of fanning economics.
Phagostimulant is the adjuvant for mixed feed, it is possible to increase hobby of the aquatic animal to feedstuff, is improved
It takes the photograph bait rate, reduces feed waste, improves feed efficiency.The vision of most Fish is undeveloped, and they rely primarily on olfactory sensation life.
Add phagostimulant in feedstuff, phagostimulant can lure that Fish are concentrated on around feedstuff into, and then cause the appetite of Fish, and promote
It completes feedstuff of eating.But existing phagostimulant, primary disadvantage is that its controlled capability is poor：Some phagostimulants, throw in into
Easily cause after in water the initial stage it is prominent release, cause food calling timeliness short.Although some phagostimulant food calling timeliness are longer, its release speed
Rate is excessively slow, it is impossible to fully play a part of food calling.
The Chinese patent of Application No. 200910154219.6 discloses a kind of artificial bait for tunny and its special slow release food calling
Agent.Wherein, the slow release phagostimulant by weight containing 1 to 10 part of sustained-release gel, 0.5 to 1 part of food calling bait, 1 to 50
Part water.What sustained-release gel played a part of is the dissolving for slowing down food calling bait, and the ratio for adjusting water can be passed through according to practical situation
Example adjusts the speed of slow release indirectly.Therefore, the invention with abnormal smells from the patient lure time length, it is cheap, pollution less, trap effect it is good
Advantage.
Above-mentioned slow release phagostimulant does not possess heavy property, it is impossible to use cooperatively with sinking feed；Although and to a certain extent
Slow releasing function can be played.But it cannot accomplish multistage controlled-release effect.Rate of release is not sufficiently stable during its release, leads
Cause lures that effect is not ideal enough into.
The content of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of sinking feed for middle lower floor's aquatic animal
And preparation method thereof.The buoyancy fish meal of the present invention has heavy property, is easy to ingesting for middle lower floor's Aquatic farming animals；The fish meal
Comprehensive nutrition, palatability, attractant are good, little to water pollution.
The present invention concrete technical scheme be：
A kind of sinking feed for middle lower floor's aquatic animal, includes by weight：
Bean cake 30-40 parts,
Shrimp chaff powder 20-30 part,
Fish protein powder 10-14 parts,
Animal oil 6-12 parts,
Beer yeast powder 3-5 parts,
Chinese herbal medicine 1-3 parts,
Heavy property food calling granule 3-5 parts,
Choline chloride 0.5-1.5 parts,
Compound vitamin 3-5 parts,
Composite mineral matter 3-5 parts,
Compound enzymic preparation 0.3-0.5 parts.
The present invention from bean cake, Shrimp chaff powder, fish protein powder, animal oil, Chinese herbal medicine, heavy property food calling granule, choline chloride,
Compound vitamin, composite mineral matter and compound enzymic preparation are used as raw material.Wherein, bean cake, Shrimp chaff powder, fish protein powder, animal oil
Based on expect, compound vitamin, composite mineral matter, choline chloride, Chinese herbal medicine are further carried as additive, compound enzymic preparation
High nutritive value.The present invention is by the overall control to various nutrition compositions so that the good palatability of feedstuff, comprehensive nutrition, no
It is easily corrupt.Because Shrimp waste is easily fallen ill, mortality rate is high, and Chinese herbal medicine can effectively improve the resistance of aquatic animal, reduce
Sick rate.
Because grease density is less, easily float in input water, the present invention specifically reduces the content of oils and fatss, and passes through
Increase Shrimp chaff powder equal size to make up the nutritional labeling that oils and fatss are reduced and lost.Meanwhile, the heavy property food calling granule of the present invention meets water
Easily absorb water afterwards, with heavy property, be consistent with the sink-float of sinking feed, and its phagostimulant rate of release is more homogeneous, steady
Fixed, phagostimulating effect is good, and food calling timeliness is long.
Further, the animal oil is selected from one or more in Adeps Bovis seu Bubali, Adeps Sus domestica, chicken oil, duck oil, fish oil.
Further, the Chinese herbal medicine is selected from one or more in Flos Lonicerae, Fructus Lycii, Long Dancao, Radix Scutellariae, Flos Chrysanthemi Indici.
Further, the compound vitamin is selected from vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin D, Vitamin E, life
In thing element, thiamine, riboflavin, nicotinic acid, L-AA -2- phosphate esters, Folic Acid, calcium pantothenate, pyridoxin, inositol at least five
Kind；The composite mineral matter is sub- selected from potassium chloride, calcium lactate, calcium iodate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium selenite, potassium sulfate, sulphuric acid
At least five kinds in ferrum, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, copper sulfate, cobaltous sulfate.
Further, the compound enzymic preparation selected from protease, amylase, cellulase, phytase, xylanase, β-
At least three kinds in glucanase and maltose alcohol.
Further, the heavy property food calling granule is in hud typed, core part include the raw material of following weight portion be blended and
Into：Phagostimulant 45-55 part, shell particles 20-24 parts, hypromellose 17-21 parts, it is prominent release agent 3-5 parts, binding agent 2-4 parts,
Lubricant 1-3 parts；Shell sections include that the raw material of following weight portion is blended：Phagostimulant 45-55 part, shell particles 17-21
Part, hypromellose 8-12 parts, blocker 14-18 parts, binding agent 2-4 parts, lubricant 1-3 parts；The core part and shell
The mass ratio of layer segment is 1:4-10.
Existing phagostimulant, typically all directly adds directly as feed additive in feedstuff granulation process, though
So so it is able to ensure that the concordance with feedstuff sink-float property.But it does not possess slow releasing function.And some be carried on density compared with
On little carrier, although with certain slow release effect, but its density is less, will float rapidly in an input water body.
The food calling granule of the present invention, with shell particles and hypromellose as main sustained-release matrix, wherein shell particles inside has
Substantial amounts of pore passage structure, it is big to the load capacity of phagostimulant with preferable adsorptivity, with preferable controlled-release effect.And shell
Granule easily adsorbs water, is flooded after profit and is middle bottom that granule will rest on water.
On the other hand, existing phagostimulant, its controlled capability is poor：Some phagostimulants, easily cause after throwing in water
Initial stage meets water and dissolves in a large number, causes to dash forward and releases situation, causes food calling timeliness short.Although some phagostimulant food calling timeliness are longer,
Its rate of release is excessively slow, it is impossible to fully play a part of food calling.On the other hand, existing phagostimulant, upon discharge the phase is due to luring
The surface area that the reduction of food calling component content and phagostimulant are contacted with water in food agent reduces, and can there is the release of later stage food calling composition
Situation about being short of power, causes in its region water that food calling constituent concentration is too low, it is impossible to play enough phagostimulating effects.
The food calling granule of the present invention is hud typed, and shell sections are different from the rate of release of core part：Shell sections
Phagostimulant rate of release rationally, will not early period of origination be prominent releases situation.Core part can speed up the release to phagostimulant, after overcoming
The defect that the release of phase phagostimulant is short of power, improves phagostimulating effect.
The present invention concrete principle be：
The primary raw material of shell sections has：Phagostimulant, shell particles, hypromellose, blocker.Wherein, shell
Grain and hypromellose respectively as phagostimulant carrier, it is high to the drug loading of phagostimulant, and all there is slow-release function.Due to
The water solublity of hypromellose is stronger, meets and can be dissolved rapidly after water, easily causes that early stage is prominent to be released, therefore adds blocker, limit
The quick dissolving of hypromellose processed, reduces the early stage rate of release of phagostimulant.
Core part includes：Phagostimulant, shell particles, hypromellose, prominent release agent.It is gradually molten with shell sections
Solution, is gradually exposed in anaphase nucleus core segment, and prominent in core part releases the effect that agent has moisture absorption heat release, prominent to release agent suction
After wet heat release, cause hypromellose to accelerate dissolving, so as to accelerate the release of phagostimulant, overcome controlled release later stage phagostimulant to discharge
The defect being short of power.
Further, the preparation method of the shell particles is：
Shell is cleaned, in being transferred to Muffle furnace, the roasting 1-2h at 300-400 DEG C；Cooling is taken out after roasting, by shell
It is ground into the shell particles of 40-80 mesh.
In the present invention, roasting is first carried out to shell, in roasting process, needs considered critical sintering temperature and time,
Clearly, the roasting 1-2h at 300-400 DEG C, the organic matter in shell is decomposed, and it is occupied for the purposiveness of roasting in the present invention
Space be released, shell is internally formed the pore passage structure of a large amount of micron levels, above-mentioned being formed after roasting under technique
Duct, dimensional homogeneity is good, with outstanding adsorptivity, and is mutual between its duct compared with the routine carrier such as activated carbon
Connection, rather than if activated carbon is usually duct single, disconnected with each other, therefore its load capacity is bigger, slow release effect
More preferably.
Further, the shell particles are also through activation processing：
Citric acid solutions of the pH for 6-6.5 is prepared, shell particles are soaked in the citric acid solution of its 8-12 times of quality
3-5h, soaking temperature is 40-50 DEG C；Take out after immersion, be dried, obtain the shell particles of activation processing.
The absorption property of shell particles is more preferably after activation processing.
Further, the one kind of the phagostimulant in aminoacid, nucleotide, glycine betaine, organic acid, short-chain fatty acid
Or it is various；The blocker is ethyl cellulose.
Ethyl cellulose dissolubility in water is less, can slow down the dissolving of hypromellose.
Further, the viscosity of the hypromellose is 6000-10000mps.
The slow release effect of the hypromellose of the range of viscosities and the processing in preparation process are ideal.
Further, described adhesive is selected from one or more in polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose；Institute
State one or more of lubricant in Pulvis Talci, magnesium stearate, micropowder silica gel.
Further, it is described it is prominent release agent preparation method be：
By quick lime powder and ethylene glycol in mass ratio 10:2-3 is mixed and stirred for uniformly, then adds at 130-140 DEG C
Pressure heated and stirred reaction 2-3h；Add the butyl lithium of quick lime powder quality 3-4% during reaction 0.5-1h, reaction terminates
After make product be cooled to room temperature, be obtained and prominent release agent.
Dash forward obtained in said method and release agent, be under the catalysis of butyl lithium, to generate in the surface aggregate of quick lime powder poly-
Oxirane layer, quick lime has good hygroscopicity, meets and generate after water calcium hydroxide and discharge heat, and these heats can add
The dissolving of fast hypromellose, accelerates the release of phagostimulant.But if quick lime is more violent with a large amount of water direct reaction, meeting
Cause temperature too high, be this in quick lime Surface Creation poly(ethylene oxide) layer, poly(ethylene oxide) layer plays iris action, prominent to release agent
Meeting water after water needs to be reacted with quick lime after by penetrating into poly(ethylene oxide) layer, greatly reduces reaction acutely degree.
And the parcel due to poly(ethylene oxide) layer to quick lime powder, even if the reaction of quick lime and water is violent, also play obstruct and
The effect of buffering.
Further, the hypromellose in the shell sections is through modification：
Hypromellose is mixed with anhydrous dimethylacetamide by solid-to-liquid ratio 1g/30mL-1g/15mL, 55- is heated to
65 DEG C dissolve hypromellose, then in solution add quality for 1-1.5 times of hypromellose stearyl chloride with
Quality is the triethylamine of 0.2-0.3 times of hypromellose, the evacuation stirring under inert gas shielding；Then solution is shifted
4-10h is reacted into 30-35 DEG C of water-bath under inert gas shielding；Product is added into enough dehydrated alcohol after reaction
Precipitated, filtration under diminished pressure after precipitation, take solid and priority obtains preliminary modified hypromellose after cleaning, being dried
Element；Preliminary modified hypromellose is added in the glyoxal water solution that mass concentration is 6-8%, wherein being tentatively modified
10-20 times of quality and ethylene glycol of hypromellose, stirring reaction 1-3h at a temperature of 30-40 DEG C is eventually passed and washed
Wash, be dried after obtain twice-modified hypromellose.
To hypromellose after further modification, its slow release effect can be further improved, be changed for the first time
Property after, the end group of hypromellose contains part hydrophobic group, and its water solublity is reduced；After twice-modified, hypromellose
Element there occurs a certain degree of precrosslink, therefore it is not easy to meet water at the input initial stage and dissolves rapidly, at the same also improve its
Stability under different pH environment.In addition above-mentioned method of modifying low toxicity is harmless, meets the use requirement of feed additive.
The preparation method of the heavy property granule, comprises the following steps：
1) preparation of core part：Each raw material is weighed by proportioning, each component is sieved respectively；Shell particles are added water stirring
Uniformly, the suspension that concentration is 5-15wt% is made, the phagostimulant of 1/2-1/3 amounts is added under agitation, adsorb 6-8h, from
After the heart, drying, obtain being adsorbed with the shell particles of phagostimulant；By remaining phagostimulant, the shell particles for being adsorbed with phagostimulant, hydroxyl
Third methylcellulose, it is prominent release agent mix homogeneously, binding agent ethanol is dissolved；The raw material of above-mentioned mix homogeneously is mixed with binding agent
Pelletize afterwards, after drying, sieve grain, adds mix lubricant uniform.
2) preparation of shell：Each raw material is weighed by proportioning, each component is sieved respectively；Shell particles are added water into stirring
It is even, the suspension that concentration is 5-15wt% is made, the phagostimulant of 1/2-1/3 amounts is added under agitation, adsorb 6-8h, from
After the heart, drying, obtain being adsorbed with the shell particles of phagostimulant；By remaining phagostimulant, the shell particles for being adsorbed with phagostimulant, hydroxyl
Third methylcellulose, blocker mix homogeneously, binding agent ethanol is dissolved；By the raw material of above-mentioned mix homogeneously and step 1) gained
Core part, binding agent mix homogeneously after pelletize, after drying, sieve grain, add mix lubricant uniform, be obtained into
Product.
Further, the phagostimulant crosses 200 mesh sieves, and the shell particles cross 40-80 mesh sieves, the hypromellose
Element, prominent release agent, blocker and cross 80 mesh sieves.The lubricant crosses 80 mesh sieves.
A kind of preparation method of the sinking feed for middle lower floor's aquatic animal, step is：
Each raw material is weighed by proportioning and sieve, by bean cake, Shrimp chaff powder, fish protein powder, animal oil, beer yeast powder, in
Medical herbs, choline chloride, compound vitamin, composite mineral matter is added in water after compound enzymic preparation mixing and is stirred uniformly, it
After sterilized, dried, be subsequently adding heavy property food calling granule, after pelletize be obtained granular sinking feed.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：The buoyancy fish meal of the present invention has heavy property, is easy to middle lower floor's Aquatic farming animals
Ingest；The fish meal comprehensive nutrition, palatability, attractant are good, little to water pollution.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of sinking feed for middle lower floor's aquatic animal, includes by weight：
35 parts of bean cake,
25 parts of Shrimp chaff powder,
12 parts of fish protein powder,
9 parts of animal oil (Adeps Bovis seu Bubali),
4 parts of beer yeast powder,
2 parts of Chinese herbal medicine (Flos Lonicerae, Flos Chrysanthemi Indici),
Heavy 4 parts of property food calling granule,
1 part of choline chloride,
Compound vitamin (vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin D, biotin, thiamine, riboflavin, nicotinic acid, Folic Acid, pyrrole
Tremble element, inositol) 4 parts,
4 parts of composite mineral matter (potassium chloride, calcium lactate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium selenite, magnesium sulfate, manganese sulfate),
0.4 part of compound enzymic preparation (protease, amylase, cellulase).
The heavy property food calling granule, in hud typed.
Core part includes that the raw material of following weight portion is blended：50 parts of phagostimulant (aminoacid, nucleotide), shell
22 parts of grain, 19 parts of hypromellose (viscosity is 6000-10000mps), prominent release 4 parts of agent, binding agent (polyvinylpyrrolidone)
3 parts, 2 parts of lubricant (Pulvis Talci).
Shell sections include that the raw material of following weight portion is blended：50 parts of phagostimulant (aminoacid, nucleotide), shell
19 parts of grain, 10 parts of hypromellose (viscosity is 6000-10000mps), 16 parts of blocker (ethyl cellulose), binding agent are (poly-
Vinylpyrrolidone) 3 parts, 2 parts of lubricant (Pulvis Talci)；The core part is 1 with the mass ratio of shell sections:7.
In the present embodiment, the preparation method of the shell particles is：
The preparation method of the shell particles is：
Shell is cleaned, in being transferred to Muffle furnace, the roasting 1.5h at 350 DEG C；Cooling is taken out after roasting, shell is crushed
Into the shell particles of 40-80 mesh.Separately prepare pH for 6-6.5 citric acid solution, by shell particles its 10 times of quality lemon
4h is soaked in lemon acid solution, soaking temperature is 45 DEG C；Take out after immersion, be dried, obtain the shell particles of activation processing.
It is described it is prominent release agent preparation method be：
By quick lime powder and ethylene glycol in mass ratio 10:2.5 are mixed and stirred for uniformly, and then pressurization adds at 135 DEG C
2.5h is reacted in thermal agitation；Add the butyl lithium of quick lime powder quality 3.5% during reaction 0.75h, reaction makes after terminating
Product is cooled to room temperature, is obtained to dash forward and releases agent.
The preparation method of the heavy property food calling granule, comprises the following steps：
1) preparation of core part：Each raw material is weighed by proportioning, each component is sieved respectively, and (phagostimulant crosses 200 mesh sieves, shellfish
Shell granule crosses 40-80 mesh sieves, hypromellose, prominent release agent, blocker and crosses 80 mesh sieves.Lubricant crosses 80 mesh sieves)；By shell
Grain adds water and stirs, and makes the suspension that concentration is 10wt%, and the phagostimulant of 1/2 amount is added under agitation, adsorbs 7h,
After centrifugation, drying, obtain being adsorbed with the shell particles of phagostimulant；By remaining phagostimulant, be adsorbed with phagostimulant shell particles,
Hypromellose, it is prominent release agent mix homogeneously, binding agent ethanol is dissolved；The raw material of above-mentioned mix homogeneously and binding agent are mixed
Pelletize after conjunction, after drying, sieve grain, adds mix lubricant uniform.
2) preparation of shell：Each raw material is weighed by proportioning, each component is sieved respectively, and (phagostimulant crosses 200 mesh sieves, shell
Grain crosses 40-80 mesh sieves, hypromellose, prominent release agent, blocker and crosses 80 mesh sieves.Lubricant crosses 80 mesh sieves)；By shell particles plus
Water stirs, and makes the suspension that concentration is 10wt%, and the phagostimulant of 1/2 amount is added under agitation, adsorbs 7h, from
After the heart, drying, obtain being adsorbed with the shell particles of phagostimulant；By remaining phagostimulant, the shell particles for being adsorbed with phagostimulant, hydroxyl
Third methylcellulose, blocker mix homogeneously, binding agent ethanol is dissolved；By the raw material of above-mentioned mix homogeneously and step 1) gained
Core part, binding agent mix homogeneously after pelletize, after drying, sieve grain, add mix lubricant uniform, be obtained into
Product.
The preparation method of the above-mentioned sinking feed for middle lower floor's aquatic animal, step is：
Each raw material is weighed by proportioning and sieve, by bean cake, Shrimp chaff powder, fish protein powder, animal oil, beer yeast powder, in
Medical herbs, choline chloride, compound vitamin, composite mineral matter is added in water after compound enzymic preparation mixing and is stirred uniformly, it
After sterilized, dried, be subsequently adding heavy property food calling granule, after pelletize be obtained granular sinking feed.
Embodiment 2
A kind of sinking feed for middle lower floor's aquatic animal, includes by weight：
30 parts of bean cake,
30 parts of Shrimp chaff powder,
14 parts of fish protein powder,
6 parts of animal oil (Adeps Sus domestica, fish oil),
3 parts of beer yeast powder,
1 part of Chinese herbal medicine (Flos Lonicerae, Fructus Lycii, Long Dancao),
Heavy 5 parts of property food calling granule,
0.5 part of choline chloride,
Compound vitamin (vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, thiamine, riboflavin, nicotinic acid, calcium pantothenate, pyridoxin,
Inositol) 3 parts,
Composite mineral matter (potassium chloride, calcium iodate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium selenite, potassium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, magnesium sulfate,
Zinc sulfate, copper sulfate) 3 parts,
Compound enzymic preparation (protease, amylase, cellulase, phytase, xylanase, 1,4 beta-glucanase and maltose
Alcohol) 0.3 part.
The heavy property food calling granule, in hud typed.
Core part includes that the raw material of following weight portion is blended：Phagostimulant (glycine betaine, organic acid, short-chain fatty acid)
45 parts, 24 parts of shell particles, 21 parts of hypromellose (viscosity is 6000-10000mps), prominent release 5 parts of agent, binding agent (carboxylic first
Base sodium cellulosate) 4 parts, 1 part of lubricant (magnesium stearate).
Shell sections include that the raw material of following weight portion is blended：Phagostimulant (glycine betaine, organic acid, short-chain fatty acid)
45 parts, 21 parts of shell particles, 12 parts of hypromellose (viscosity is 6000-10000mps), blocker (ethyl cellulose) 18
Part, 2 parts of binding agent (sodium carboxymethyl cellulose), 2 parts of lubricant (magnesium stearate)；The core part and the quality of shell sections
Than for 1:10.
In the present embodiment, the preparation method of the shell particles is：
The preparation method of the shell particles is：
Shell is cleaned, in being transferred to Muffle furnace, the roasting 2h at 300 DEG C；Cooling is taken out after roasting, shell is ground into
The shell particles of 40-80 mesh.
It is described it is prominent release agent preparation method be：
By quick lime powder and ethylene glycol in mass ratio 10:2 are mixed and stirred for uniformly, then the pressurized, heated at 130 DEG C
Stirring reaction 3h；Add the butyl lithium of quick lime powder quality 3% during reaction 0.5h, reaction makes product after terminating
Room temperature is cooled to, is obtained to dash forward and is released agent.
The heavy property food calling granule, preparation method, comprise the following steps：
1) preparation of core part：Each raw material is weighed by proportioning, each component is sieved respectively, and (phagostimulant crosses 200 mesh sieves, shellfish
Shell granule crosses 40-80 mesh sieves, hypromellose, prominent release agent, blocker and crosses 80 mesh sieves.Lubricant crosses 80 mesh sieves)；By shell
Grain adds water and stirs, and makes the suspension that concentration is 5wt%, and the phagostimulant of 1/3 amount is added under agitation, adsorbs 6h,
After centrifugation, drying, obtain being adsorbed with the shell particles of phagostimulant；By remaining phagostimulant, be adsorbed with phagostimulant shell particles,
Hypromellose, it is prominent release agent mix homogeneously, binding agent ethanol is dissolved；The raw material of above-mentioned mix homogeneously and binding agent are mixed
Pelletize after conjunction, after drying, sieve grain, adds mix lubricant uniform.
2) preparation of shell：Each raw material is weighed by proportioning, each component is sieved respectively, and (phagostimulant crosses 200 mesh sieves, shell
Grain crosses 40-80 mesh sieves, hypromellose, prominent release agent, blocker and crosses 80 mesh sieves.Lubricant crosses 80 mesh sieves)；By shell particles plus
Water stirs, and makes the suspension that concentration is 5wt%, and the phagostimulant of 1/3 amount is added under agitation, adsorbs 6h, be centrifuged,
After drying, obtain being adsorbed with the shell particles of phagostimulant；By remaining phagostimulant, the shell particles for being adsorbed with phagostimulant, hydroxypropyl
Methylcellulose, blocker mix homogeneously, binding agent ethanol is dissolved；By the raw material of above-mentioned mix homogeneously and step 1) obtained by
Pelletize after core part, binding agent mix homogeneously, after drying, sieve grain, adds mix lubricant uniform, finished product.
The preparation method of the above-mentioned sinking feed for middle lower floor's aquatic animal, step is：
Each raw material is weighed by proportioning and sieve, by bean cake, Shrimp chaff powder, fish protein powder, animal oil, beer yeast powder, in
Medical herbs, choline chloride, compound vitamin, composite mineral matter is added in water after compound enzymic preparation mixing and is stirred uniformly, it
After sterilized, dried, be subsequently adding heavy property food calling granule, after pelletize be obtained granular sinking feed.
Embodiment 3
A kind of sinking feed for middle lower floor's aquatic animal, includes by weight：
40 parts of bean cake,
20 parts of Shrimp chaff powder,
10 parts of fish protein powder,
12 parts of animal oil (chicken oil, duck oil),
5 parts of beer yeast powder,
3 parts of Chinese herbal medicine (Flos Lonicerae, Fructus Lycii, Long Dancao, Radix Scutellariae, Flos Chrysanthemi Indici),
Heavy 3 parts of property food calling granule,
1.5 parts of choline chloride,
Compound vitamin (vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin D, Vitamin E, biotin, thiamine, core yellow
Element, nicotinic acid, L-AA -2- phosphate esters, Folic Acid, calcium pantothenate, pyridoxin, inositol) 5 parts,
Composite mineral matter (potassium chloride, calcium lactate, calcium iodate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium selenite, potassium sulfate, ferrous sulfate,
Magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, copper sulfate, cobaltous sulfate) 5 parts,
Compound enzymic preparation (protease, amylase, cellulase, phytase, xylanase, 1,4 beta-glucanase and maltose
Alcohol) 0.5 part.
The heavy property food calling granule, in hud typed.
Core part includes that the raw material of following weight portion is blended：50 parts of phagostimulant (aminoacid, nucleotide), shell
22 parts of grain, 19 parts of hypromellose (viscosity is 6000-10000mps), it is prominent release 4 parts of agent, binding agent (polyvinylpyrrolidone,
Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose) 3 parts, 2 parts of lubricant (micropowder silica gel).
Shell sections include that the raw material of following weight portion is blended：50 parts of phagostimulant (short-chain fatty acid), shell particles
19 parts, 10 parts of hypromellose (viscosity is 6000-10000mps), 16 parts of blocker (ethyl cellulose), binding agent (poly- second
Alkene pyrrolidone, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose) 3 parts, 2 parts of lubricant (micropowder silica gel)；The core part and the matter of shell sections
Amount is than being 1:7.
In the present embodiment, the preparation method of the shell particles is：
The preparation method of the shell particles is：
Shell is cleaned, in being transferred to Muffle furnace, the roasting 1.5h at 350 DEG C；Cooling is taken out after roasting, shell is crushed
Into the shell particles of 40-80 mesh.Separately prepare pH for 6-6.5 citric acid solution, by shell particles its 10 times of quality lemon
4h is soaked in lemon acid solution, soaking temperature is 45 DEG C；Take out after immersion, be dried, obtain the shell particles of activation processing.
It is described it is prominent release agent preparation method be：
By quick lime powder and ethylene glycol in mass ratio 10:3 are mixed and stirred for uniformly, then the pressurized, heated at 140 DEG C
Stirring reaction 2h；Add the butyl lithium of quick lime powder quality 4% during reaction 1h, reaction makes product cold after terminating
But to room temperature, it is obtained to dash forward and releases agent.
The hypromellose in the shell sections is through modification：
Hypromellose is mixed with anhydrous dimethylacetamide by solid-to-liquid ratio 1g/15mL, being heated to 65 DEG C makes hydroxypropyl
Methylcellulose dissolves, and then adds quality to be hydroxypropyl first for the stearyl chloride and quality of 1.5 times of hypromellose in solution
The triethylamine that 0.3 times of cellulose, the evacuation stirring under inert gas shielding；Then solution is transferred in 35 DEG C of water-baths lazy
4h is reacted under property gas shield；Product is added into enough dehydrated alcohol after reaction is precipitated, reduced pressure after precipitation
Filter, takes solid and priority obtains preliminary modified hypromellose after cleaning, being dried；Preliminary modified hydroxypropyl first is fine
Dimension element is added in the glyoxal water solution that mass concentration is 8%, wherein the quality and second of preliminary modified hypromellose
20 times of glycol, stirring reaction 1h at a temperature of 40 DEG C to be eventually passed and obtain twice-modified hypromellose after washing, drying
Element.
The preparation method of the heavy property food calling granule, comprises the following steps：
1) preparation of core part：Each raw material is weighed by proportioning, each component is sieved respectively, and (phagostimulant crosses 200 mesh sieves, shellfish
Shell granule crosses 40-80 mesh sieves, hypromellose, prominent release agent, blocker and crosses 80 mesh sieves.Lubricant crosses 80 mesh sieves)；By shell
Grain adds water and stirs, and makes the suspension that concentration is 10wt%, and the phagostimulant of 1/2 amount is added under agitation, adsorbs 7h,
After centrifugation, drying, obtain being adsorbed with the shell particles of phagostimulant；By remaining phagostimulant, be adsorbed with phagostimulant shell particles,
Hypromellose, it is prominent release agent mix homogeneously, binding agent ethanol is dissolved；The raw material of above-mentioned mix homogeneously and binding agent are mixed
Pelletize after conjunction, after drying, sieve grain, adds mix lubricant uniform.
2) preparation of shell：Each raw material is weighed by proportioning, each component is sieved respectively, and (phagostimulant crosses 200 mesh sieves, shell
Grain crosses 40-80 mesh sieves, hypromellose, prominent release agent, blocker and crosses 80 mesh sieves.Lubricant crosses 80 mesh sieves)；By shell particles plus
Water stirs, and makes the suspension that concentration is 10wt%, and the phagostimulant of 1/2 amount is added under agitation, adsorbs 7h, from
After the heart, drying, obtain being adsorbed with the shell particles of phagostimulant；By remaining phagostimulant, the shell particles for being adsorbed with phagostimulant, hydroxyl
Third methylcellulose, blocker mix homogeneously, binding agent ethanol is dissolved；By the raw material of above-mentioned mix homogeneously and step 1) gained
Core part, binding agent mix homogeneously after pelletize, after drying, sieve grain, add mix lubricant uniform, be obtained into
Product.
The preparation method of the above-mentioned sinking feed for middle lower floor's aquatic animal, step is：
Each raw material is weighed by proportioning and sieve, by bean cake, Shrimp chaff powder, fish protein powder, animal oil, beer yeast powder, in
Medical herbs, choline chloride, compound vitamin, composite mineral matter is added in water after compound enzymic preparation mixing and is stirred uniformly, it
After sterilized, dried, be subsequently adding heavy property food calling granule, after pelletize be obtained granular sinking feed.
Embodiment 4
A kind of sinking feed for middle lower floor's aquatic animal, includes by weight：
35 parts of bean cake,
25 parts of Shrimp chaff powder,
13 parts of fish protein powder,
8 parts of animal oil (Adeps Bovis seu Bubali, Adeps Sus domestica, chicken oil, duck oil, fish oil),
4 parts of beer yeast powder,
2 parts of Chinese herbal medicine (Flos Lonicerae, Fructus Lycii, Long Dancao, Radix Scutellariae, Flos Chrysanthemi Indici),
Heavy 5 parts of property food calling granule,
0.5 part of choline chloride,
Compound vitamin (vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin D, Vitamin E, biotin, thiamine, core yellow
Element, nicotinic acid, L-AA -2- phosphate esters, Folic Acid, calcium pantothenate, pyridoxin, inositol) 3 parts,
Composite mineral matter (potassium chloride, calcium lactate, calcium iodate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium selenite, manganese sulfate, copper sulfate, sulfur
Sour cobalt) 5 parts,
0.5 part of compound enzymic preparation (protease, amylase, cellulase, phytase, maltose alcohol).
The heavy property food calling granule, in hud typed.
Core part includes that the raw material of following weight portion is blended：55 parts of phagostimulant (short-chain fatty acid), shell particles
20 parts, 17 parts of hypromellose (viscosity is 6000-10000mps), prominent release 3 parts of agent, binding agent (sodium carboxymethyl cellulose) 4
Part, 1 part of lubricant (micropowder silica gel).
Shell sections include that the raw material of following weight portion is blended：55 parts of phagostimulant (glycine betaine), 17 parts of shell particles,
8 parts of hypromellose (viscosity is 6000-10000mps), 14 parts of blocker (ethyl cellulose), binding agent (carboxymethyl cellulose
Plain sodium) 3 parts, 3 parts of lubricant (micropowder silica gel)；The core part is 1 with the mass ratio of shell sections:4.
In the present embodiment, the preparation method of the shell particles is：
The preparation method of the shell particles is：
Shell is cleaned, in being transferred to Muffle furnace, the roasting 1h at 400 DEG C；Cooling is taken out after roasting, shell is ground into
The shell particles of 40-80 mesh.
It is described it is prominent release agent preparation method be：
By quick lime powder and ethylene glycol in mass ratio 10:2 are mixed and stirred for uniformly, then the pressurized, heated at 130 DEG C
Stirring reaction 2h；Add the butyl lithium of quick lime powder quality 3% during reaction 1h, reaction makes product cold after terminating
But to room temperature, it is obtained to dash forward and releases agent.
The hypromellose in the shell sections is through modification：
Hypromellose is mixed with anhydrous dimethylacetamide by solid-to-liquid ratio 1g/20mL, being heated to 60 DEG C makes hydroxypropyl
Methylcellulose dissolves, and it is that hydroxypropyl first is fine that quality is then added in solution for the stearyl chloride and quality of 1 times of hypromellose
The triethylamine of 0.2 times of dimension element, the evacuation stirring under inert gas shielding；Then solution is transferred in 35 DEG C of water-baths in inertia
8h is reacted under gas shield；Product is added into enough dehydrated alcohol after reaction is precipitated, filtration under diminished pressure after precipitation,
Take solid and priority obtains preliminary modified hypromellose after cleaning, being dried；By preliminary modified hypromellose
Element is added in the glyoxal water solution that mass concentration is 7%, wherein the quality and second two of preliminary modified hypromellose
15 times of alcohol, stirring reaction 2h at a temperature of 35 DEG C to be eventually passed and obtain twice-modified hypromellose after washing, drying
Element.
The preparation method of the heavy property food calling granule, comprises the following steps：
1) preparation of core part：Each raw material is weighed by proportioning, each component is sieved respectively, and (phagostimulant crosses 200 mesh sieves, shellfish
Shell granule crosses 40-80 mesh sieves, hypromellose, prominent release agent, blocker and crosses 80 mesh sieves.Lubricant crosses 80 mesh sieves)；By shell
Grain adds water and stirs, and makes the suspension that concentration is 15wt%, and the phagostimulant of 1/3 amount is added under agitation, adsorbs 8h,
After centrifugation, drying, obtain being adsorbed with the shell particles of phagostimulant；By remaining phagostimulant, be adsorbed with phagostimulant shell particles,
Hypromellose, it is prominent release agent mix homogeneously, binding agent ethanol is dissolved；The raw material of above-mentioned mix homogeneously and binding agent are mixed
Pelletize after conjunction, after drying, sieve grain, adds mix lubricant uniform.
2) preparation of shell：Each raw material is weighed by proportioning, each component is sieved respectively, and (phagostimulant crosses 200 mesh sieves, shell
Grain crosses 40-80 mesh sieves, hypromellose, prominent release agent, blocker and crosses 80 mesh sieves.Lubricant crosses 80 mesh sieves)；By shell particles plus
Water stirs, and makes the suspension that concentration is 15wt%, and the phagostimulant of 1/3 amount is added under agitation, adsorbs 8h, from
After the heart, drying, obtain being adsorbed with the shell particles of phagostimulant；By remaining phagostimulant, the shell particles for being adsorbed with phagostimulant, hydroxyl
Third methylcellulose, blocker mix homogeneously, binding agent ethanol is dissolved；By the raw material of above-mentioned mix homogeneously and step 1) gained
Core part, binding agent mix homogeneously after pelletize, after drying, sieve grain, add mix lubricant uniform, be obtained into
Product.
The preparation method of the above-mentioned sinking feed for middle lower floor's aquatic animal, step is：
Each raw material is weighed by proportioning and sieve, by bean cake, Shrimp chaff powder, fish protein powder, animal oil, beer yeast powder, in
Medical herbs, choline chloride, compound vitamin, composite mineral matter is added in water after compound enzymic preparation mixing and is stirred uniformly, it
After sterilized, dried, be subsequently adding heavy property food calling granule, after pelletize be obtained granular sinking feed.
At normal temperatures, by the embodiment 1 of identical food calling agent content and size, the heavy property food calling granule of embodiment 3
Phagostimulant rate of release test is carried out in input clear water, is as a result shown, during 0-30min, the release rate of embodiment 1 is 32%
Left and right, the release rate of embodiment 3 is 29% or so.During 30-60min, the release rate of embodiment 1 is implemented 60% or so
The release rate of example 3 is 59% or so.During 60-120min, the release rate of embodiment 1 90% or so, the release of embodiment 3
Rate is 90% or so.
It follows that the heavy property food calling granule of the embodiment of the present invention 1,3 release rate in the early stage is relatively low, in the release in later stage
Speed is very fast, so as to realize that phagostimulant stably discharges during entirely discharging.
Additionally, after the heavy property food calling granule of embodiment 1,3 is in input clear water, being held in the bottom or water body middle level.
Raw materials used in the present invention, equipment, unless otherwise noted, is the conventional raw material, equipment of this area；In the present invention
Method therefor, unless otherwise noted, is the conventional method of this area.
The above, is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not the present invention is imposed any restrictions, every according to the present invention
Any simple modification, change and equivalent transformation that technical spirit is made to above example, still fall within the technology of the present invention side
The protection domain of case.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of sinking feed for middle lower floor's aquatic animal, it is characterised in that：Include by weight：
Bean cake 30-40 parts,
Shrimp chaff powder 20-30 part,
Fish protein powder 10-14 parts,
Animal oil 6-12 parts,
Beer yeast powder 3-5 parts,
Chinese herbal medicine 1-3 parts,
Heavy property food calling granule 3-5 parts,
Choline chloride 0.5-1.5 parts,
Compound vitamin 3-5 parts,
Composite mineral matter 3-5 parts,
Compound enzymic preparation 0.3-0.5 parts.
2. a kind of sinking feed for middle lower floor's aquatic animal as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described dynamic
Thing oils and fatss are selected from one or more in Adeps Bovis seu Bubali, Adeps Sus domestica, chicken oil, duck oil, fish oil.
3. a kind of sinking feed for middle lower floor's aquatic animal as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in described
Medical herbs are selected from one or more in Flos Lonicerae, Fructus Lycii, Long Dancao, Radix Scutellariae, Flos Chrysanthemi Indici.
4. a kind of sinking feed for middle lower floor's aquatic animal as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described multiple
Close vitamin and be selected from vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin D, Vitamin E, biotin, thiamine, riboflavin, cigarette
At least five kinds in acid, L-AA -2- phosphate esters, Folic Acid, calcium pantothenate, pyridoxin, inositol；The composite mineral matter is selected from
Potassium chloride, calcium lactate, calcium iodate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium selenite, potassium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, sulphuric acid
At least five kinds in manganese, copper sulfate, cobaltous sulfate.
5. a kind of sinking feed for middle lower floor's aquatic animal as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described multiple
Synthase preparation is selected from protease, amylase, cellulase, phytase, xylanase, 1,4 beta-glucanase and maltose alcohol extremely
It is few three kinds.
6. a kind of sinking feed for middle lower floor's aquatic animal as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described heavy
Property food calling granule in hud typed, core part includes that the raw material of following weight portion is blended：Phagostimulant 45-55 part, shell
Grain 20-24 parts, hypromellose 17-21 parts, prominent release agent 3-5 parts, binding agent 2-4 parts, lubricant 1-3 parts；Shell sections bag
The raw material for including following weight portion is blended：Phagostimulant 45-55 part, shell particles 17-21 parts, hypromellose 8-12 parts,
Blocker 14-18 parts, binding agent 2-4 parts, lubricant 1-3 parts；The core part is 1 with the mass ratio of shell sections:4-10.
7. a kind of sinking feed for middle lower floor's aquatic animal as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that the shellfish
The preparation method of shell granule is：
Shell is cleaned, in being transferred to Muffle furnace, the roasting 1-2h at 300-400 DEG C；Cooling is taken out after roasting, shell is crushed
Into the shell particles of 40-80 mesh.
8. a kind of sinking feed for middle lower floor's aquatic animal as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that the shellfish
Shell granule is also through activation processing：
Citric acid solutions of the pH for 6-6.5 is prepared, shell particles is soaked into 3-5h in the citric acid solution of its 8-12 times of quality,
Soaking temperature is 40-50 DEG C；Take out after immersion, be dried, obtain the shell particles of activation processing.
9. a kind of sinking feed for middle lower floor's aquatic animal as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that described to lure
Food agent is selected from one or more in aminoacid, nucleotide, glycine betaine, organic acid, short-chain fatty acid；The blocker is ethyl
Cellulose.
10. the preparation method of a kind of sinking feed for middle lower floor's aquatic animal as described in claim 1-9 is arbitrary,
It is characterized in that step is：
Each raw material is weighed by proportioning and sieve, by bean cake, Shrimp chaff powder, fish protein powder, animal oil, beer yeast powder, Chinese herbal medicine,
Choline chloride, compound vitamin, composite mineral matter, be added in water after compound enzymic preparation mixing be stirred it is uniform, it is laggard
Row sterilizing, dried, are subsequently adding heavy property food calling granule, and granular sinking feed is obtained after pelletize.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN106983045A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-07-28 | 黄平县龙井河生态鱼业开发有限责任公司 | A kind of mixed feed raised together with for silver carp bighead, grass carp and preparation method thereof |
| CN107080105A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-08-22 | 黄平县龙井河生态鱼业开发有限责任公司 | A kind of mixed feed raised together with for silver carp bighead, black carp and preparation method thereof |
| CN107410772A (en) * | 2017-08-26 | 2017-12-01 | 汉寿县银河岸农林科技发展有限公司 | A kind of half buoyancy silverfish breeding feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN107637573A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-01-30 | 湖北聚注通用技术研究有限公司 | A kind of cultural method for improving soft-shelled turtle nourishing value |
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| CN107637573A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-01-30 | 湖北聚注通用技术研究有限公司 | A kind of cultural method for improving soft-shelled turtle nourishing value |
| CN110063313A (en) * | 2018-01-21 | 2019-07-30 | 威海猎屋渔具有限公司 | A kind of oxygenation bait and preparation method thereof with comprehensive high-tech attracting |
| CN108740604A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-11-06 | 安徽蓝田特种龟鳖有限公司 | A kind of mixed feed improving soft-shelled turtle quality |
| CN110959774A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-04-07 | 浙江经大饲料股份有限公司 | High-absorption environment-friendly puffed sinking compound feed for crayfishes and preparation process thereof |
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