CN106557649B - Disinfection prompting system and method - Google Patents
Disinfection prompting system and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106557649B CN106557649B CN201610895088.7A CN201610895088A CN106557649B CN 106557649 B CN106557649 B CN 106557649B CN 201610895088 A CN201610895088 A CN 201610895088A CN 106557649 B CN106557649 B CN 106557649B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- medical staff
- disinfection
- main control
- control device
- signal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
- G16H40/00—ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices
- G16H40/20—ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities, e.g. managing hospital staff or surgery rooms
Abstract
The invention relates to a disinfection prompting system and a disinfection prompting method. The system comprises: the entry detection device is used for generating a detection signal when the medical staff enters the clean area; the main control device is in communication connection with the entering detection device and is used for acquiring the detection signal, judging whether the medical staff enters a clean area or not according to the detection signal and generating a control instruction after judging that the medical staff enters the clean area; the disinfection detection device is in communication connection with the main control device and is used for executing disinfection detection according to a control instruction of the main control device and feeding back the disinfection detection to the main control device; the main control device is further used for judging whether the entered medical staff carries out disinfection operation according to the feedback result; and the alarm device is in communication connection with the main control device and is used for giving an alarm when the main control device judges that the entered medical personnel does not perform the disinfection operation. The method is suitable for the system. The system and the method can prompt medical staff in time when the medical staff forgets to disinfect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a hospital management system, in particular to a disinfection prompting system and a disinfection prompting method.
Background
Many departments in a hospital may require the cleanliness of medical personnel, especially in critical departments. When entering the places, the patient needs to wear the isolation clothes, change special shoes or put on shoe covers, and wear the mask, the cap and the gloves, and the main purpose is to prevent the serious patients from being infected by bacteria carried by medical care personnel. Some departments cannot be gloved for better work. For example, in a neonatal department, neonates are generally ill, premature or low in weight and the like when hospitalized, the bodies of the neonates are weak, medical staff cannot easily carry out work with gloves, and the medical staff do not carry gloves in many cases, so that the disinfection of hands is paid certain attention to.
When the hospital has high requirements for the bacteria residue in the department, some paths for transmitting the bacteria are easy to be overlooked. For example, in a neonatal department, when medical staff goes in and out of the department, clothes, shoes and the like can be replaced, but the user can easily forget to disinfect both hands, and the hands are the parts which are most easily contacted with bacteria, such as opening and closing doors, pressing an elevator, stair handrails and the like can have bacteria residues, so that the user can easily infect the bacteria to the patient when going to nurse the patient, and the condition of the patient is aggravated.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on this, it is necessary to provide a system capable of reminding medical staff of disinfection in time.
In addition, a method capable of reminding medical staff of disinfection in time is also provided.
A disinfection reminder system comprising:
the entry detection device is used for generating a detection signal when the medical staff enters the clean area;
the main control device is in communication connection with the entering detection device and is used for acquiring the detection signal, judging whether the medical staff enters a clean area or not according to the detection signal and generating a control instruction after judging that the medical staff enters the clean area;
the disinfection detection device is in communication connection with the main control device and is used for executing disinfection detection according to a control instruction of the main control device and feeding back the disinfection detection to the main control device; the main control device is further used for judging whether the entered medical staff carries out disinfection operation according to the feedback result;
and the alarm device is in communication connection with the main control device and is used for giving an alarm when the main control device judges that the entered medical personnel does not perform the disinfection operation.
In one embodiment, the access detection device comprises a first detection unit and a second detection unit, wherein the first detection unit is used for being placed outside the entrance of the clean area to output a first signal when a medical staff approaches, and the second detection unit is used for being placed inside the entrance of the clean area to output a second signal when the medical staff approaches;
the main control device is used for judging whether the medical staff enters the clean area or not according to the arrival sequence of the first signal and the second signal, wherein when the first signal arrives before the second signal, the medical staff is judged to enter the clean area.
In one embodiment, the first detection unit and the second detection unit are both radio frequency identification readers and are used for reading radio frequency identification tags which are worn by medical staff and contain medical staff identifications; the medical staff identification is contained in the first signal and the second signal received by the main control device, and whether the medical staff identification contained in the first signal and the second signal is consistent is judged by the main control device when judging whether the medical staff enters the clean area.
In one embodiment, the sterilization detection device includes a radio frequency identification reader; the radio frequency identification reader is used for reading a radio frequency identification tag which is worn by medical staff and contains medical staff identification, and sending the radio frequency identification tag to the main control device.
In one embodiment, the disinfection detection device comprises a face recognition module, and the face recognition module is used for acquiring face information of medical staff and sending the face information to the main control device.
In one embodiment, the main control device is a micro control unit, and a memory of the micro control unit stores a corresponding relation table between medical staff identification and face information.
In one embodiment, the medical staff information acquisition device further comprises a face information acquisition device, and the face information acquisition device is used for correspondingly storing medical staff identification and face information after acquisition.
A disinfection prompting method, comprising:
detecting whether medical personnel enter a clean area or not;
when the medical staff is detected to enter the clean area, further judging whether the medical staff carries out disinfection operation;
and alarming when the medical staff is judged not to perform the disinfection operation.
In one embodiment, the step of detecting whether the medical staff enters the clean area comprises the following steps:
acquiring a first signal of medical staff outside an entrance of a clean area;
acquiring a second signal of the medical staff in an inlet of the clean area;
when the first signal arrives before the second signal, the medical staff is judged to enter the clean area.
In one embodiment, in the step of determining whether the medical staff performs the sterilization operation, the sterilization area inside the clean area performs face recognition, the medical staff identifier is obtained according to the recognized face information, it is determined whether the medical staff identifier is consistent with the medical staff identifier obtained at the entrance of the clean area, and if the medical staff identifier is not obtained according to the face information or the medical staff identifier is inconsistent, it is determined that the sterilization operation is not performed.
Above-mentioned disinfection reminder system, main control unit judge whether medical personnel get into clean district through the detection signal that gets into detection device and provide to judge whether medical personnel get into clean district after further control disinfection detection device detects medical personnel and disinfect the operation, send the warning when medical personnel do not carry out the disinfection operation, can remind medical personnel in time to disinfect, effectively avoid medical personnel to forget the disinfection operation.
According to the disinfection prompting method, whether medical staff enter the clean area or not is judged, whether the medical staff perform disinfection operation or not is further detected after the medical staff enter the clean area is judged, the alarm is sent when the medical staff do not perform the disinfection operation, the medical staff can be reminded to disinfect in time, and the situation that the medical staff forget the disinfection operation is effectively avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a disinfection reminder system according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the mounting locations of the modules of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a disinfection notification method according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
The following further description is made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a disinfection reminder system according to an embodiment. The disinfection prompting system comprises an entry detection device 100, a main control device 200, a disinfection detection device 300 and an alarm device 400. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the entry detection device 100 is used to generate a detection signal when the medical staff enters the clean zone. The main control device 200 is in communication connection with the entry detection device 100, and is configured to acquire a detection signal, determine whether the medical staff enters the clean area according to the detection signal, and generate a control instruction after determining that the medical staff enters the clean area. The disinfection detection device 300 is in communication connection with the main control device 200, and is configured to perform disinfection detection according to a control instruction of the main control device 200, and feed back the disinfection detection to the main control device 200. The main control device 200 further determines whether the entered medical staff performs the sterilization operation according to the feedback result. The alarm device 400 is in communication connection with the main control device 200 and is used for alarming when the main control device 200 determines that the entered medical staff does not perform the disinfection operation.
Above-mentioned disinfection reminder system, master control set 200 judges whether medical personnel get into clean district through the detection signal that gets into detection device 100 and whether further control disinfection detection device 300 detects medical personnel and disinfects the operation after judging medical personnel get into clean district, sends out the warning when medical personnel do not carry out the disinfection operation, can remind medical personnel in time to disinfect, effectively avoids medical personnel to forget the disinfection operation.
As shown in fig. 2, in one embodiment, the entry detection device 100 may include a first detection unit 110 and a second detection unit 120. The first detection unit 110 is used to be placed outside the entrance of the clean zone to output a first signal when a medical staff approaches. The second detection unit 120 is used for being placed in the entrance of the clean zone to output a second signal when the medical staff approaches. The main control device 200 judges whether the medical staff enters the clean area according to the arrival sequence of the first signal and the second signal, wherein when the first signal arrives before the second signal, the medical staff is judged to enter the clean area. It will be appreciated that the healthcare worker may enter or exit the clean zone, indicating that the healthcare worker exits the clean zone when the second signal reaches the master control device 200 prior to the first signal.
Specifically, the first detection unit 110 and the second detection unit 120 may be both rfid readers for reading rfid tags worn by medical staff and containing medical staff identifiers. In this embodiment, each healthcare worker may be provided with a work card to which a unique address radio frequency identification tag is affixed. The rfid readers of the first detection unit 110 and the second detection unit 120 obtain the medical staff identifier written therein by reading the rfid tags on the work cards.
The first signal and the second signal received by the main control device 200 both include the medical staff identifier. When determining whether the medical staff enters the clean zone, the main control device 200 determines whether medical staff identifiers included in the first signal and the second signal are consistent. When a plurality of medical staff pass in and out, a plurality of first signals and second signals can be generated, and medical staff passing in and out can be conveniently distinguished by including medical staff marks in the first signals and the second signals.
The sterilization detection device 300 is installed in a sterilization area to detect whether medical staff performs sterilization operation. The disinfection detection apparatus 300 may detect only whether medical personnel enters a disinfection zone, or whether medical personnel operates disinfection equipment. For simplicity, the following embodiments use the former, i.e., determine whether to perform a disinfection operation by detecting whether a medical worker enters a disinfection area, which is mostly for disinfection.
Specifically, the sterilization detection device 300 may include a radio frequency identification reader. The rfid reader is used to read the rfid tag worn by the medical staff and containing the medical staff identifier, and send the rfid tag to the main control device 200. The main control device 200 can determine whether the disinfection detection device 300 feeds back the identification information of the medical staff within a set time after detecting that the medical staff enters the clean area, if not, it indicates that the medical staff does not reach the disinfection area, and the main control device 200 controls the alarm device 400 to give an alarm to remind the medical staff of disinfection.
Specifically, the disinfection detection device 300 may also include a face recognition module, and the face recognition module is configured to obtain face information of the medical staff and send the face information to the main control device 200. The main control device 200 may determine whether the disinfection detection device 300 feeds back the face information within a set time after detecting that the medical care personnel enters the clean area, and if the face information is not fed back, it indicates that the medical care personnel has not reached the disinfection area, and the main control device 200 controls the alarm device 400 to alarm to remind the medical care personnel to disinfect. If the sterilization detection device 300 feeds back the face information, the main control device 200 may obtain the medical staff identifier according to the pre-stored medical staff identifier and the correspondence table of the face information, and compare the medical staff identifier with the medical staff identifier obtained by the entry detection device 100, thereby determining whether the medical staff entering the clean zone has been sterilized.
Specifically, the main Control device 200 may be a Micro Control Unit (MCU), and a memory of the MCU stores a table of correspondence between medical staff identifiers and face information.
Specifically, the alarm device 400 may employ an audible and visual alarm. For example, the medical staff information can be broadcasted in a broadcasting mode to prompt the disinfection of the medical staff.
Further, the disinfection prompt system of the above embodiment may further include a face information acquisition device for storing the medical staff identification and the face information in a one-to-one correspondence after the acquisition.
Based on the same inventive concept, a disinfection prompting method is also provided. The method comprises the following steps:
step S100: and detecting whether the medical staff enters a clean area, if so, executing the step S200, otherwise, continuing to execute the step S100.
Step S200: and judging whether the medical staff carries out disinfection operation, if so, ending, and otherwise, executing the step S300.
Step S300: and alarming when the medical staff is judged not to perform the disinfection operation.
Step S100 may specifically include:
substep S110: a first signal is obtained that a medical professional is outside the entrance to the clean zone.
Substep S120: acquiring a second signal of the medical staff in the entrance of the clean area.
Substep S130: when the first signal arrives before the second signal, the medical staff is judged to enter the clean area. The medical staff identification is contained in both the first signal and the second signal. When the medical staff is judged to enter the clean area, whether the medical staff marks contained in the first signal and the second signal are consistent or not is judged. When a plurality of medical staff pass in and out, a plurality of first signals and second signals can be generated, and medical staff passing in and out can be conveniently distinguished by including medical staff marks in the first signals and the second signals.
In step S300, it may be detected whether only the medical staff enters the sterilization zone, or whether the medical staff operates the sterilization apparatus. For simplicity, the former is used in which the medical staff is determined whether to perform a disinfection operation by detecting whether to enter the disinfection area, and in most cases, the medical staff enters the disinfection area for disinfection.
Whether the identification information of the medical staff is fed back from the disinfection area is judged within the set time after the medical staff is detected to enter the clean area, if the identification information is not fed back, the fact that the medical staff does not reach the disinfection area is indicated, and the alarm is given to remind the medical staff of disinfection.
And whether the face information is fed back by the disinfection area or not can be judged within the set time after the medical care personnel enter the clean area, if the face information is not fed back, the fact that the medical care personnel do not reach the disinfection area is indicated, and an alarm is given to remind the medical care personnel to disinfect is realized. If the face information is fed back by the disinfection area, the medical staff identification can be obtained according to the prestored medical staff identification and the corresponding table of the face information, and the medical staff identification is compared with the medical staff identification obtained at the entrance, so that whether the medical staff entering the clean area is disinfected or not is judged.
According to the disinfection prompting method, whether medical staff enter the clean area or not is judged, whether the medical staff perform disinfection operation or not is further detected after the medical staff enter the clean area is judged, the alarm is sent when the medical staff do not perform the disinfection operation, the medical staff can be reminded to disinfect in time, and the situation that the medical staff forget the disinfection operation is effectively avoided.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A disinfection cue system, comprising:
the entry detection device is used for generating a detection signal when the medical staff enters the clean area;
the main control device is in communication connection with the entering detection device and is used for acquiring the detection signal, judging whether the medical staff enters a clean area or not according to the detection signal and generating a control instruction after judging that the medical staff enters the clean area;
the disinfection detection device is in communication connection with the main control device and is used for executing disinfection detection according to a control instruction of the main control device and feeding back the disinfection detection to the main control device; the main control device is further used for judging whether the entered medical staff carries out disinfection operation according to the feedback result;
the alarm device is in communication connection with the main control device and used for giving an alarm when the main control device judges that the entered medical staff does not perform disinfection operation so as to remind the medical staff to perform disinfection;
the disinfection detection device comprises a radio frequency identification reader, and the radio frequency identification reader is used for reading a radio frequency identification tag which is worn by medical staff and contains medical staff identification and sending the radio frequency identification tag to the main control device; the main control device judges whether the disinfection detection device feeds back the identification information of the medical staff or not within a set time after the medical staff is detected to enter a clean area; if the identification information is not fed back, the main control device controls the alarm device to alarm;
the entry detection device comprises a first detection unit and a second detection unit, the first detection unit is used for being placed outside the entrance of the clean area to output a first signal when a medical worker approaches, and the second detection unit is used for being placed inside the entrance of the clean area to output a second signal when the medical worker approaches;
the main control device is used for judging whether the medical staff enters the clean area or not according to the arrival sequence of the first signal and the second signal, wherein when the first signal arrives before the second signal, the medical staff is judged to enter the clean area.
2. The disinfection prompt system of claim 1, wherein the first detection unit and the second detection unit are both radio frequency identification readers for reading radio frequency identification tags worn by medical personnel and containing medical personnel identification; the medical staff identification is contained in the first signal and the second signal received by the main control device, and whether the medical staff identification contained in the first signal and the second signal is consistent is judged by the main control device when judging whether the medical staff enters the clean area.
3. The disinfection prompt system of claim 1, wherein the disinfection detection device comprises a face recognition module, and the face recognition module is configured to obtain face information of the medical staff and send the face information to the main control device.
4. A disinfection prompt system according to claim 3, wherein the master control device is a micro control unit, and a correspondence table between medical staff identification and face information is stored in a memory of the micro control unit.
5. A disinfection prompting system as claimed in claim 4, further comprising a face information acquisition device for storing the medical personnel identification and the face information in a one-to-one correspondence after acquisition.
6. A disinfection prompting method, comprising:
detecting whether medical personnel enter a clean area or not;
when the medical staff is detected to enter the clean area, further judging whether the medical staff carries out disinfection operation;
when the medical staff is judged not to be disinfected, an alarm is given to remind the medical staff to disinfect;
judging whether the identification information of the medical personnel is fed back from the disinfection area within a set time after the medical personnel is detected to enter the clean area; if the identification information is not fed back, alarming to remind medical personnel to disinfect;
the step of detecting whether medical personnel enter the clean area comprises the following steps:
acquiring a first signal of medical staff outside an entrance of a clean area;
acquiring a second signal of the medical staff in an inlet of the clean area;
when the first signal arrives before the second signal, the medical staff is judged to enter the clean area.
7. A disinfection prompting method according to claim 6, wherein in the step of judging whether the medical staff performs the disinfection operation, the face recognition is performed in the disinfection area inside the clean area, the medical staff identifier is obtained according to the recognized face information, whether the medical staff identifier is consistent with the medical staff identifier obtained at the entrance of the clean area is judged, and if the medical staff identifier cannot be obtained according to the face information or the medical staff identifier is inconsistent, it is judged that the disinfection operation is not performed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610895088.7A CN106557649B (en) | 2016-10-13 | 2016-10-13 | Disinfection prompting system and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610895088.7A CN106557649B (en) | 2016-10-13 | 2016-10-13 | Disinfection prompting system and method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106557649A CN106557649A (en) | 2017-04-05 |
| CN106557649B true CN106557649B (en) | 2020-06-02 |
Family
ID=58418442
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610895088.7A Active CN106557649B (en) | 2016-10-13 | 2016-10-13 | Disinfection prompting system and method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106557649B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109410106A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-03-01 | 宁夏佑安医疗器械有限公司 | Educational system intelligent disinfecting Internet-based services control platform |
| CN109907518A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-06-21 | 佛山市云米电器科技有限公司 | A kind of intelligent shoe cabinet |
| CN111724521B (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2023-05-30 | 山东好妯娌电器科技股份有限公司 | Intelligent disinfection defense system |
| CN113797374A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2021-12-17 | 卡尤迪智农科技(北京)有限公司 | Disinfection apparatus, disinfection system and disinfection method using disinfection apparatus |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7551092B1 (en) * | 2006-11-15 | 2009-06-23 | Henry Kevin M | Sanitary monitoring system to monitor the hand sanitation of health care workers or other required sanitary activities |
| CN202677403U (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2013-01-16 | 中国人民解放军第四军医大学第一附属医院 | Intelligent reminding management system for hand hygiene |
| CN105139320A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2015-12-09 | 谢文愉 | Intelligent supervision system for medical hand hygiene compliance |
| CN105184721A (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2015-12-23 | 杨旭平 | Hand hygiene intelligent warning management control system |
-
2016
- 2016-10-13 CN CN201610895088.7A patent/CN106557649B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7551092B1 (en) * | 2006-11-15 | 2009-06-23 | Henry Kevin M | Sanitary monitoring system to monitor the hand sanitation of health care workers or other required sanitary activities |
| CN202677403U (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2013-01-16 | 中国人民解放军第四军医大学第一附属医院 | Intelligent reminding management system for hand hygiene |
| CN105184721A (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2015-12-23 | 杨旭平 | Hand hygiene intelligent warning management control system |
| CN105139320A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2015-12-09 | 谢文愉 | Intelligent supervision system for medical hand hygiene compliance |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106557649A (en) | 2017-04-05 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN106557649B (en) | Disinfection prompting system and method | |
| US9959742B2 (en) | Liability intervention logistical innovation system and method | |
| US10716473B2 (en) | Automated procedure-determination and decision-generation | |
| CA1247706A (en) | Movement monitor | |
| CA2841357C (en) | Dispenser use monitor | |
| CN103477340B (en) | System and method for providing family mode for monitoring devices | |
| US7496479B2 (en) | System for monitoring patient supervision by health-care workers | |
| DK2317700T3 (en) | A system and method for monitoring hygiene standards compliance | |
| EP1626360A2 (en) | Patient identification system and method for preventing wrong site of a surgical procedure | |
| JP2018180960A (en) | In-hospital hand washing management system | |
| CA3045356C (en) | Sterilization system with integrated instrument recall capabilities and related methods | |
| CN104042188A (en) | Medical Alarm With Displayed Nurse Position | |
| CN111479225A (en) | Medical intelligent body temperature electronic chest card and method based on Internet of things | |
| JP2010075582A (en) | Nurse call system | |
| KR101868593B1 (en) | Monitoring and control system for seniors using smart toys | |
| JP2005092440A (en) | Warning device | |
| EP1868123A1 (en) | Patient monitor with subdued alarm in presence of caregivers | |
| US20100321187A1 (en) | Dispensing and accountability system and method for assuring washing of hands | |
| JP6864280B1 (en) | Non-contact entrance / exit management system, server, program, and entrance / exit management device in medical facilities | |
| US8922378B2 (en) | Dispensing and accountability system and method for assuring washing of hands | |
| JP6580917B2 (en) | Alarm system | |
| US20220215912A1 (en) | Patient management system | |
| JP2012179104A (en) | Patient management system | |
| JP2011135966A (en) | Action detection system | |
| US20220215911A1 (en) | Patient management system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |