CN106556466B - A kind of quick temperature measurement method based on magnetic nanometer magnetic intensity-temperature curve - Google Patents
A kind of quick temperature measurement method based on magnetic nanometer magnetic intensity-temperature curve Download PDFInfo
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- CN106556466B CN106556466B CN201611032946.1A CN201611032946A CN106556466B CN 106556466 B CN106556466 B CN 106556466B CN 201611032946 A CN201611032946 A CN 201611032946A CN 106556466 B CN106556466 B CN 106556466B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K3/00—Thermometers giving results other than momentary value of temperature
- G01K3/08—Thermometers giving results other than momentary value of temperature giving differences of values; giving differentiated values
- G01K3/10—Thermometers giving results other than momentary value of temperature giving differences of values; giving differentiated values in respect of time, e.g. reacting only to a quick change of temperature
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/36—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using magnetic elements, e.g. magnets, coils
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of quick temperature measurement methods based on magnetic nanometer magnetic intensity-temperature curve comprising following steps：(1) magnetic nanometer sample is placed in the surface of object to be measured；(2) apply continuous current excitation magnetic field in magnetic nanometer sample region；(3) the initial temperature T (0) of the object to be measured is obtained, and original magnetization M (0) is calculated according to initial temperature T (0)；(4) the response signal u (t) for causing magnetization change by temperature change is detected using search coil；(5) magnetization M (t) of magnetic nanometer is calculated in real time according to the original magnetization M (0) and response signal u (t)；(6) the temperature T (t) of object to be measured is calculated using the intensity of magnetization-temperature curve fitted according to the magnetization M (t).The present invention can be achieved nanosecond order fast temperature and measure, and have many advantages, such as that measurement is quickly timely, measurement result is accurate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to nano measurement technical fields, bent based on magnetic nanometer magnetic intensity-temperature more particularly, to one kind
The quick temperature measurement method of line.
Background technology
It, can be magnetic by measuring since there are a kind of intrinsic relationships between the intensity of magnetization and temperature of magnetic material
The magnetics parameter of material carrys out the anti-temperature for releasing magnetic material.If ferrimagnet is processed into the nanometer with one-domain structure
Particle, ferrimagnet can show superparamagnetism.Superparamagnetic material magnetization curve does not have stagnant ring, can directly use youth it
Ten thousand functions describe, and can simplify operation for ferrimagnet.It, can after magnetic nano-particle is using special groups package
To be applied in biomedicine.
Using magnetic nano-particle magnetism characteristic come there are many ways to measurement into trip temperature, for example, to magnetic nanometer
Sample applies sinusoidal excitation, and temperature can be solved using the amplitude of the harmonic wave of response signal and the relationship of temperature；For another example, magnetic is utilized
Change discrete point on intensity curve and build the equation containing temperature parameter, temperature can also be solved, this method first has to measure
Magnetization curve could solve a temperature spot.Due to the presence of relaxation phenomena, temperature renewal speed in above-mentioned several temp measuring methods
It is general not exceed megahertz.
In a kind of " the non-intrusion type fast temperature measure of the change sides under continuous current excitation magnetic field patent CN201410374814.1
In method ", a kind of measurement method of fast temperature variation is provided, this method can be realized quickly accurate in the case of non-intruding
Temperature measure, thus solve the technical issues of thermometric speed is slow, precision is low etc..But it in this approach, uses ferromagnetic
Property material, external magnetic field must make ferrimagnet be in saturated magnetization state, and not provide specific temperature anti-for the patent
Drill method.
Invention content
For the disadvantages described above or Improvement requirement of the prior art, the present invention provides one kind being based on magnetic nanometer magnetic intensity-
The quick temperature measurement method of temperature curve, the relationship based on temperature and intensity of magnetization single-value mapping, and it is inclined using lower direct current
Magnetic field is set, realizes that nanosecond order fast temperature measures, extrinsic motivated magnetic field intensity need not make superparamagnetic material be in full
And magnetized state, have many advantages, such as that measurement is quickly timely, measurement result is accurate.
To achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a kind of quick temperature measurement based on magnetic nanometer magnetic intensity-temperature curve
Method includes the following steps：
(1) magnetic nanometer sample is placed in the surface of object to be measured；
(2) apply continuous current excitation magnetic field in magnetic nanometer sample region；
(3) the initial temperature T (0) of the object to be measured is obtained, and initial magnetization is calculated according to initial temperature T (0)
Intensity M (0)；
(4) the response signal u (t) for causing magnetization change by temperature change is detected using search coil；
(5) magnetization for calculating magnetic nanometer in real time according to the original magnetization M (0) and response signal u (t) is strong
Spend M (t)；
(6) object to be measured is calculated using the intensity of magnetization-temperature curve fitted according to the magnetization M (t)
Temperature T (t).
As it is further preferred that using coil or permanent magnet to where magnetic nanometer sample in the step (2)
Region applies D.C. magnetic field.
As it is further preferred that the M (0) calculates acquisition using following formula：
In formula：N is magnetic nanometer number, and v is single magnetic nanometer volume, and V is magnetic nanotube sample total volume, and H is
Extrinsic motivated magnetic field, k are Boltzmann constants, and T (0) is object initial temperature to be measured, M0=Ms0(1-bT(0)a),Ms0It is absolute
Magnetic nanometer saturation magnetization when temperature is 0K, a, b are constant.
As it is further preferred that the M (t) in the step (5) is calculated using following formula and is obtained：
In formula：α is the fixed coefficient of coup, and k is amplifier magnification ratio, μ0For space permeability, n is coil turn, S
For area coil, M (0) is original magnetization.
As it is further preferred that temperature T (t) method for solving of the t moment in the step (6) is as follows：According to relationship
FormulaFit the intensity of magnetization-temperature curve T=p1 × M6+p2×M5+
p3×M4+p4×M3+p5×M2+p6×M+p7；Input value by the M (t) as M substitutes into the curve fitted, finds out T
(t)。
In general, through the invention it is contemplated above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, mainly have below
Technological merit：
1. the present invention uses the magnetic nanoparticle with superparamagnetism as temperature-sensing element (device), only need to receive magnetic
Rice corpuscles applies continuous current excitation, and magnetic nanometer need not be made to be in saturated magnetization state, you can realizes lower outer
Add the temperature under magnetic field to measure, reduces the intensity of excitation field.
2. the present invention is based on the relationship of temperature and intensity of magnetization single-value mapping, lower DC bias magnetic field can be used,
It will be in sample response signal inverting to actual temp, it is contemplated that influence of the temperature to magnetic nanometer saturation magnetization makes
Model has higher precision within the scope of wider temperature.
3. the present invention directly solves temperature according to the intensity of magnetization-temperature curve fitted under specific magnetic fields, due to magnetic
Nano-particle magnetization change caused by temperature can reach balance in picosecond magnitude, therefore the speed of thermometric is solely dependent upon
The bandwidth of measuring circuit is, it can be achieved that nanosecond order fast temperature measures.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the quick temperature measurement method according to the invention based on magnetic nanometer magnetic intensity-temperature curve；
Fig. 2 is the intensity of magnetization under different excitation fields to the derivative figure of temperature；
Fig. 3 is temperature-magnetisation curve under different excitation fields；
Fig. 4 is the intensity of magnetization-temperature fitted and fit error curve；
Fig. 5 is the temperature pulse figure simulated with double-exponential function；
Fig. 6 be after normalization the intensity of magnetization to the derivative figure of time；
Fig. 7 is the comparison diagram of the temperature and original temperature that are finally inversed by using the intensity of magnetization-temperature curve；
Fig. 8 is the laser pulse shape figure that photodiode measures；
Fig. 9 is that search coil measures sample response oscillogram；
Figure 10 is the sample temperature figure being finally inversed by using the method for the present invention；
Figure 11 is laser pulse, sample response and inverting temperature waveform comparison diagram after normalization.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below
It does not constitute a conflict with each other and can be combined with each other.
First to the present invention temperature-measurement principle be introduced, when the grain size of ferrimagnet it is small to have one-domain structure when,
Externally show superparamagnetism.Influence of the temperature to saturation magnetization is considered, between the magnetic nanometer intensity of magnetization and temperature
Relationship can use Langevin function representation：
In formula, n is magnetic nanometer number, and v is single magnetic nanometer volume, and V is magnetic nanotube sample volume, M0=Ms0
(1-bTa), T is absolute temperature (temperature of the absolute temperature of magnetic nanometer namely object to be measured), Ms0Be absolute temperature be 0K
When magnetic nanometer saturation magnetization, a, b are constants related with sample, and H is extrinsic motivated magnetic field, and k is that Boltzmann is normal
Number.
From formula (1) as can be seen that when extrinsic motivated magnetic field H is constant, temperature T and magnetization M have dull correspond to
Relationship can fit the intensity of magnetization under specific magnetic fields-temperature dependence T=p1 × M according to formula (1)6+p2×M5+p3×M4
+p4×M3+p5×M2+ p6 × M+p7, and if it is known that a certain moment magnetization M (t), substitute into the relational expression fitted,
It can be obtained by temperature T (t) at this time.
Based on this thinking, embodiments of the present invention are as follows：
(1) magnetic nanotube sample is positioned over position to be measured
Magnetic nanometer surface is modified, adsorptivity is made it have, is adsorbed in measurand surface, or magnetic is received
Rice corpuscles solid powder is mixed with adhesive, is applied to measurand surface.
(2) apply suitable D.C. magnetic field in magnetic nanometer region
Coil or permanent magnet can be used to apply D.C. magnetic field, the direct current of application to magnetic nanometer sample region
Magnetic field size can select the sensitivity of temperature according to the intensity of magnetization under different continuous current excitation magnetic fields.It is given respectively in Fig. 2
It is 100gauss, 500gauss, 900gauss to have gone out excitation field, and the intensity of magnetization is to the derivative of temperature under 1300gauss, from figure
In it can be seen that in 300K to 450K temperature ranges, increase with excitation field, after the intensity of magnetization first increases the derivative of temperature
Reduce, therefore 900gauss can be selected as excitation field.
(3) object initial temperature T (0) to be measured is obtained, and calculates original magnetization M (0)
Relationship between temperature T, the excitation field H and magnetization M of magnetic nanometer isInitial temperature T (0) is substituted into relational expression, you can calculate initial magnetic
Change intensity M (0).In measurement process, relational expression In externally-applied magnetic field H
For known quantity, n, v, V is definite value in measurement process, and temperature T and magnetization M are at dull correspondence, as shown in Figure 3.
(4) detection response signal u (t) as caused by temperature change
Since temperature change can cause magnetization change, this variation is can measure using search coil, by magnetic nanometer sample
Product are placed on search coil center, and when adding excitation field constant outside, temperature change can cause magnetization change, detect line
Circle can sense this variation and generate induced voltage ε (t), since search coil exports induced voltage in microvolt magnitude, need
The signal other than Measurement bandwidth is filtered by amplifier amplification and filter circuit, the signal u (t) that meets with a response=k ε (t), wherein k
For amplifier magnification ratio, u (t) is then converted by data collecting card by digital signal and carries out subsequent processing again.
(5) magnetic nanometer magnetization M (t) is calculated according to original magnetization M (0) and response signal u (t) in real time
By Faraday's electromagnetic induction law：Coil-induced voltageWith physics fundamental formular：Φ=
BS, B=μ0(H+M) and response signal u (t)=k ε (t) can obtain the intensity of magnetization of t moment：
In formula, α is a fixed coefficient of coup, can be found out according to cooling or temperature-rise period fitting, n is step
(4) search coil the number of turns in, S are search coil area in step (4), μ0For space permeability, k is amplifier in step (4)
Amplification factor, M (0) are original magnetization, are obtained by step (3).
(6) the temperature T (t) of object to be measured is calculated using the intensity of magnetization-temperature curve fitted
Using least square method by under specific incentives magnetic field the intensity of magnetization and temperature be fitted, approximating method is as follows：
If the fit correlation between temperature T and magnetization M is polynomial relation, then the intensity of magnetization-temperature dependence is T=p1 × M6
+p2×M5+p3×M4+p4×M3+p5×M2+p6×M+p7；It is found out under specific incentives magnetic field by formula (1), different temperatures T
Corresponding magnetization M；The value of obtained M and T is updated in fit correlation formula, fit correlation is found out by least square method
The coefficient of formula, can be obtained coefficient according to the coefficient found out is the known intensity of magnetization-temperature dependence：T=p1 × M6+p2
×M5+p3×M4+p4×M3+p5×M2+p6×M+p7。
It is to wait for that M (t) is substituted into the T being calculated in the intensity of magnetization-temperature dependence fitted as the input value of M
Survey the temperature T (t) of object.The p1=0.5903 fitted using 6 rank multinomials when excitation field is 900gauss；P2=-
6.318；P3=28.72；P4=-74.03；P5=117.7；P6=-189.2；P7=534.7.It is closed by the intensity of magnetization-temperature
It is the intensity of magnetization-temperature curve that formula obtains as shown in figure 4, in order to make multinomial coefficient in a zone of reasonableness, horizontal axis contracting
It is small to arrive original 1/20.It can be seen from the figure that being fitted absolute error in 300K to 450K ranges in 0.07K hereinafter, by M
(t) it is updated to the intensity of magnetization-temperature fitted and closes Xiang Shizhong, you can find out temperature T (t).
Simulation example：
In order to more specifically illustrate the above implementation steps, it is given below and is received using the EMG1300 magnetic of Ferrotec companies
The simulation example of rice corpuscles sample parameters.EMG1300 average grain diameter 10nm, saturation magnetization 50-70emu/g under room temperature,
M is taken in emulations=0.6T/ μ0, externally-applied magnetic field B=2.8E-5, a=1.65, the intensity of magnetization with
Temperature variation curve is as shown in Figure 3.
With double-exponential function T (t)=A* (e-αt-e-βt)+T0 simulates a temperature pulse, wherein amplitude coefficient A takes 100,
Wave rear time constant inverse α takes 1/300e-9, and it is time, temperature waveform that wave front time constant beta, which takes 1/45e-9, T0 to take 300K, t,
As shown in Figure 5.Using this temperature pulse as input, obtained induction coil normalization waveform is as shown in fig. 6, to this
Signal is integrated, and is substituted into the intensity of magnetization-temperature dependence fitted, and the temperature and temperature error fitted is bent
For line as shown in fig. 7, it can be seen from figure 7 that within the scope of 300K-360K, the absolute error being finally inversed by is no more than 0.08K.
Experiment embodiment：
Magnetic nanometer sample, pulse laser single pulse energy 20mJ, arteries and veins are heated using pulse laser as heat source
Wide 200ns, rising edge 130ns.Laser is divided into two-way using spectroscope, wherein beat all the way record on the photodiode it is sharp
In addition optical pulse waveform is beaten on magnetic nanometer sample all the way, while recording photodiode output and magnetic nanometer
Response signal.It, can be using photodiode output signal as sample response since the photodiode rise time is in 1ns or so
The reference of signal and inverting temperature signal.Photodiode output signal as shown in figure 8, sample response signal as shown in figure 9, anti-
It is as shown in Figure 10 to drill temperature.In order to illustrate the rapidity of this thermometric mode, by laser pulse signal, sample response signal, anti-
It drills and is put into and compares in a figure after temperature signal normalization, as shown in figure 11, as can be seen from the figure inverting temperature curve
Rise time is less than 200ns.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The limitation present invention, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention made by all any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of quick temperature measurement method based on magnetic nanometer magnetic intensity-temperature curve, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(1) magnetic nanometer sample is placed in the surface of object to be measured；
(2) apply continuous current excitation magnetic field in magnetic nanometer sample region；
(3) it obtains the initial temperature T (0) of the object to be measured and original magnetization M is calculated according to initial temperature T (0)
(0)：In formula, n is magnetic nanometer number, and v is single
Magnetic nanometer volume, V are magnetic nanotube sample total volumes, and H is extrinsic motivated magnetic field, and k is Boltzmann constant, and T (0) is to be measured
Object initial temperature, M0=Ms0(1-bT(0)a),Ms0Be absolute temperature be 0K when magnetic nanometer saturation magnetization, a, b are
Constant；
(4) the response signal u (t) for causing magnetization change by temperature change is detected using search coil；
(5) magnetization M of magnetic nanometer is calculated in real time according to the original magnetization M (0) and response signal u (t)
(t)：In formula, α is the fixed coefficient of coup, and k is amplifier magnification ratio,
μ0For space permeability, n is search coil the number of turns, and S is search coil area, and M (0) is original magnetization；
(6) according to relational expressionThe intensity of magnetization-temperature curve is fitted,
The M (t) is substituted into as the input value of M in the curve fitted and finds out T (t), t is the moment.
2. the quick temperature measurement method according to claim 1 based on magnetic nanometer magnetic intensity-temperature curve, feature exist
In using coil or permanent magnet to magnetic nanometer sample region application D.C. magnetic field in the step (2).
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